定語從句和名詞性從句的區(qū)別和練習(xí)

定語從句（AttributiveClauses）在句中做定語，修飾一個(gè)名詞或代詞，被修飾的名詞,詞組或代詞即先行詞。定語從句通常出現(xiàn)在先行詞之后，由關(guān)系詞（關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞）引出。e.g.Sheisthegirlwhotalkedtomeyesterday.名詞性從句（NounClauses）---主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句在句中做主語、賓語、表語和同位語的成份。e.g.Idon’tknowwhosheis.(賓語)ThisiswhyIcamehere.（表語）區(qū)別：第一，定語從句有先行詞，且先行詞可以放入后面的從句中使從句完整；名詞性從句中的主語從句、表語從句和賓語從句沒有先行詞，同位語從句有先行詞但在從句中不做成分。e.g.Thenewsthattheytoldmeexcitedme.（thenews可以放入從句中，使句子完整，即theytoldmethenews）Thenewsthatourteamwonexcitedme.(thenews無法放入從句中，所以是同位語從句）第二，在句子中起名詞作用的句子叫名詞從句(NounClauses）。名詞從句的功能相當(dāng)于名詞詞組,它在復(fù)合句中能擔(dān)任主語、賓語、表語、同位語、介詞賓語等，因此根據(jù)它在句中不同的語法功能定語從句是由關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的從句，其作用是作定語修飾主句的某個(gè)名詞性成分，定語從句分為限定性和非限定性從句兩種。第三，最關(guān)鍵也是最重要的區(qū)別：1.名詞性從句和定語從句的最本質(zhì)的不同點(diǎn)在于，前者在句子中做名詞，而后者相當(dāng)于形容詞，修飾或限制名詞或代詞。名詞性從句由that引導(dǎo)時(shí)，通常不充當(dāng)從句的句子成分，故that可省去。但定語從句由that引導(dǎo)時(shí)，如在從句中充當(dāng)主語時(shí)，則that不能省去。2.使用中最大的區(qū)別：定語從句由于在句子中只作定語，故去掉它，整個(gè)句子還完整，就像普通的句子去掉一個(gè)定語不影響原句的完整性一樣。但名詞性從句由于它們充當(dāng)?shù)氖蔷渥拥墓歉沙煞郑ㄖ髡Z，賓語或表語），故去掉它們，原句就不通了。如下面的A句，去掉了主語從句Thathehasbecomearichman，原句變成isknowntoallinourtown。就失去了完整性。而B句，去掉定語從句部分thatisonthedesk后，原句變成Thepenismine還是通的。A：Thathehasbecomearichmanisknowntoallinourtown.B：Thepenthatisonthedeskismine.【各個(gè)擊破】名詞性從句1．Hegotangrywith_______shesaid．A．thatB．whichC．whatD.allwhat2．Can’tyoufindout______wrongwiththeTVset.A．whichB．that’sC．what’sD.whereis3.______theywillhaveagoodharvestthisyearisstillunknown．A．WhetherB．IfC．WhichD.That4．Allthebooksarehere．Youmayborrow_____youlike．A．whichB．thatC．whatD.whichever5．Thenews_____toMountA．wewouldgoB．whichwewouldgoC．thatwewouldgoD.wouldgo6．Wecouldhardlyunderstand_____．A．whatthemanwastalkingaboutB．thatthemanwastalkingaboutC．whatwasthemantalkingaboutD．themanwastalkingaboutwhat7．_____isthatIhavepromisedtomakefriendswiththedishonestgirl.A．TheonlythingwhatIregretB.WhatIregretmostC．AllwhatIreallyregretmostD.WhatthatIregretmost8．______sheislivingnowisnotknowntoanybody.A．WhatB．WhenC．WhereD.Why9．Thisis_____theriverhasbeenpolluted．A．whatB．whyC．thatD.whether10．Thatis______hewasborn.A．whatB．thatC．whereD.whether定語從句1．Thisisthefactory______theyvisitedtheotherday．A．thatB．whereC．towhichD．what2．Jeannewasheroldfriend，_____sheborrowedanecklace．A．fromwhoB．fromwhomC．tothatD．towhom3.Thisbookisforthestudents_____nativelanguageisnotEnglish．A．thatB．ofwhomC．whoseD．who4．Areyoutheman_____bicyclewasstolen?A．whoisB．whoseC．hisD．ofwhichthe5.Idon’tliketheway___hespoketome.A.whatB.bywhichC.bythatD./6.Hemakesgooduseofthetime______hecanspare．A．thatB．inwhichC．inthatD．when7．“Those_____toseethenewfilmwritedownyournames，please．”A．wantB．whoC．thatwantsD．whowant8.XiaoHuang，___yourgoodfriend,willtryherbesttohelpyouout．A．whoisB．whoamC．thatamD．whatis9.HehastwoChinese-Englishdictionaries，____wereboughtlastweek．A．twoofwhichB．bothofwhichC．bothofthemD．a(chǎn)llofwhom10．Asaleswomanis_____sellsgoods．A．a(chǎn)thingthatB．somethingthatC．a(chǎn)womanwhoD．a(chǎn)womanwhat綜合練習(xí)1.Isthisthefactory_____youvisitedtheotherday?A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.theone2.Isthisfactory____someforeignfriendsvisitedlastFriday?A.thatB.whereC.whichD.theone3.Isthisthefactory_____heworkedtenyearsago?A.thatB.whereC.whichD.theone4.Thewolveshidthemselvesintheplaces_____couldn’tbefound.A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.inthat5.Thereasonis____heisunabletooperatethemachine.A.becauseB.whyC.thatD.whether6.Maythefourthistheday____weChinesepeoplewillneverforget.A.whichB.whenC.onwhichD.aboutwhich7.WearegoingtospendtheSpringFestivalinGuangzhou,_____livemygrandparentsandsomerelatives.A.whichB.thatC.whoD.where8.Hehastwosons,__________workaschemists.A.twoofwhomB.bothofwhomC.bothofwhichD.allofwhom9.Whocanthinkofasituation____thisidiomcanbeused?A.whichB.thatC.whereD.inthat10.____peoplespendsomuchmoneyontheirpets____usalot.A.That;surprisesB.What;surprisingC.How;aresurprisedD.That;issurprised11.Thethought____LaoGaowouldopenaSichuanrestaurantinLosAngelessurprisedhiswifeA.thatB.whatC.whetherD.if12.____wearedoinghasneverbeendonebefore.A.ThatB.WhatC.WhichD.Whether13.____shecouldn’tunderstandwas____fewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlesson.A.What;whyB.That;whatC.What;becauseD.Why;that14.Whatthedoctorsreallydoubtis____mymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon.A.whenB.howC.whetherD.why15.____leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.A.AnyoneB.ThepersonC.WhoeverD.Who16.Goandgetyourcoat.It’s____youleftit.A.thereB.whereC.therewhereD.wherethe