中央廣播電視大學(xué)開放本科各專業(yè)

中央廣播電視大學(xué)開放本科各專業(yè)

開放英語IVThisIsEnglish41課程簡介

課程的特點

:

教學(xué)大綱---符合國家教育的要求及標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，與社會接軌；

教學(xué)內(nèi)容---模塊化和層次化教學(xué)設(shè)計

;學(xué)習(xí)模式---個性化和互動性，開放式自主學(xué)習(xí);

教學(xué)媒體---文字、錄音、錄象及網(wǎng)絡(luò)課程。2課程教學(xué)資源介紹

文字教材

《開放英語4》和《開放英語4綜合練習(xí)》各一冊

錄音帶/CD《開放英語4》一共配有兩盤錄音帶或兩張CD，其中主教材二盤/二張，綜合練習(xí)冊一盤/一張。錄像帶/VCD

錄象課是針對教材中每個單元的重難點而做的，包括有重點內(nèi)容講解、對話表演等等。網(wǎng)上資源3教材主要知識點介紹

Unit19~Unit24

分詞用作定語或結(jié)果狀語；

比較結(jié)構(gòu)the…the…和the+最高級

+現(xiàn)在完成時+ever結(jié)構(gòu)；

現(xiàn)在完成時、現(xiàn)在完成進行時、將來進行時和將來完成時；

不定式的完成式和進行式；

情態(tài)動詞的用法（用于被動句，表建議、勸告和指令）；

連接詞的用法。

4Unit19Mainfunctions:Studyvocabularyrelatedtourbangrowthandchangeinruralenvironments;Studytheuseofpresentparticiples;Studytheuseofcomparativeswiththe…the…;Studytheuseoflinkingwords;Studythestructurethesuperlative+presentperfect+ever5TheuseofpresentparticipleUsedasattributiveclause:

Sixtymillionpeoplewholiveinrural

areasaremovingtocitieseveryyear.

Sixtymillionpeoplelivinginrural

areasaremovingtocitieseveryyear.

每年有六千萬住在農(nóng)村的人口移居到城市。

Thisgrowth,whichishappeningmainlyinSoutheastandAfrica,hasdramaticconsequences.Thisgrowth,happeningmainlyinSoutheastandAfrica,hasdramaticconsequences.這種增長主要發(fā)生在東南亞和非洲地區(qū)，有著巨大的影響。6TheuseofpresentparticipleUsedasadverbial:

Civilwarorregionalconflictsalsocausedisruption,drivingpeopleoutofruralareas.

內(nèi)戰(zhàn)或地區(qū)沖突也會引發(fā)在社會動蕩不安，從而迫使人們逃離農(nóng)村地區(qū)。在這個句子中，driving引導(dǎo)的現(xiàn)在分詞短語用作結(jié)果狀語。7The…the…比較結(jié)構(gòu)該結(jié)構(gòu)的形式為“the+比較級”，表示“越….，就越….”。Forexample:Thesmallerthefamilies,thehigherthestandardofliving.家庭越小，生活水平就越高。Themoreeducatedtheyare,thebettertheycareforetheirfamilies.他們受教育的程度越高，就越能更好地照顧他們的家庭。HowmuchshallIcook?Themore,thebetter.Don’ttalkaboutit.Thelesssaid,thebetter.

別講了！少說為佳。8The+最高級＋現(xiàn)在完成時＋ever結(jié)構(gòu)該結(jié)構(gòu)的形式為：the+最高級＋定語從句（現(xiàn)在完成時＋ever結(jié)構(gòu)，ever置于主要動詞之前），常用來談?wù)撝匾氖录蚪?jīng)歷，表示“迄今為止已經(jīng)完成或經(jīng)歷過的最······的事情”。Forexample:ItisthebestfilmI’veeverseen.那是我看過的最好的電影。

Compare:ItisoneofthebestconcertsIhaveeverbeento.那是我去過的最好的音樂會之一。ItisthebestconcertsIhaveeverbeento.

那是我去過的最好的音樂會。9TranslationPractice現(xiàn)在分詞短語的翻譯：現(xiàn)在分詞在句中一般起定語或狀語的作用。在翻譯現(xiàn)在分詞短語時，我們一般將其譯為一個句子即可。但注意譯過來的句子不一定再充當(dāng)定語或狀語了。Forexample:Iwalkeddownthehillintotown,ignoringtheflashesoflightningallroundme.我顧不上一路的電閃雷鳴，沿著山路向市區(qū)走去。ThemanleaningagainstthedoorisAlice’sboyfriend.

倚在門口的那個男子是愛麗思的男友。Havingbeentrainedtwice,heisasafeefficientdriver.

由于受過兩次訓(xùn)練他開車又快又安全。10Unit20Mainfunction:Studyvocabularyrelatedtofood,wasteandrecycling;Studytheuseofthemodelverbscanandmustinthepassive;Studythezeroconditional;Reviewthesimpleandcontinuouspresentperfect.11Pastparticipleasattributive過去分詞可以用作定語。如是單詞，常置于所修飾的名詞之前，相當(dāng)于形容詞，常含有被動意義。過去分詞短語用作定語時，一般置于其所修飾的名詞之后，其意義相當(dāng)于一個被動形式的定語。Forexample:1.Alotoffoodboughtnowadaysisconveniencefood.Alotoffoodwhichisboughtnowadaysisconveniencefood.2.Peopleemployedbyfast-foodchainsareoftenpaidalowsalary.

Peoplewhoareemployedbyfast-foodchainsareoftenpaidalowsalary.

12Presentperfectandpresentperfectcontinuous現(xiàn)在完成時表示說話時動作已經(jīng)完成或結(jié)束，現(xiàn)在完成進行時則表示說話時動作仍在持續(xù)進行?，F(xiàn)在完成時強調(diào)的是動作的結(jié)果，而現(xiàn)在完成進行時強調(diào)的是動作的延續(xù)性。Forexample:Thegovernmenthasbannedtheimportofitems…

政府已經(jīng)禁止進口諸如······之類的物品。GuangdongProvince,inthesoutheastofChina,hasbeensufferingfromproblemscausedbyimportedwasteelectricalgoodslikecomputers.中國東南部的廣東省一直為進口的廢棄電器產(chǎn)品（如計算機）所造成的問題而深受其苦。13過去分詞短語的翻譯過去分詞短語在句中一般起定語或狀語的作用。在翻譯過去分詞短語時，我們一般將其譯為一個定語或者狀語。Forexample:TheOlympicGamesfirstplayedin776BCdidnotincludewomenplayersuntil1912.公元前776年首次舉行的奧運會沒有女運動員參加，直到1912年這種情況才得到改變。Therewillbetelevisionchatshowshostedbyrobotsinthenearfuture.在不遠(yuǎn)的將來將會出現(xiàn)由機器人主持的電視談話節(jié)目。14Unit21Studyvocabularyaboutsourcesofenergyandaboutmarinelife;Revisegivingadviceandsuggestionswithmodalverbs;Studythecontinuousfuture;Studythefirstconditionalfurther;Studytheperfectinfinitiveusedwithreportingverbsinthepassive.15Thefuturecontinuous將來進行時由“will/willnot(won’t)+be+現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成，強調(diào)在將來某一特定時間正在進行或要發(fā)生的動作。Forexample:Nextmonth,theArcticSunrisewillbevisitingthePhilippinesandThailand.

下個月，北極日出號將訪問菲律賓和泰國。上句的否定和疑問式為：

Nextmonth,theArcticSunrisewon’tbevisitingthePhilippinesandThailand.

WilltheArcticSunrisebevisitingthePhilippinesandThailandnextmonth?16Unless引導(dǎo)的真實條件句Unless引導(dǎo)的真實條件句，表示“如果不”或“除非”，相當(dāng)于“ifnot”，其結(jié)構(gòu)與if引導(dǎo)的真實條件句一樣：unless從句用一般現(xiàn)在時，主句用一般將來時。Forexample:UnlessIbuyabike,I’llhavetousethecar.

除非我買輛自行車，否則我就不得不開車。上句可以改寫為：

IfIdon’tbuyabike,I’llhavetousethecar.

與if一樣，unless引導(dǎo)的真實條件句可以放在句首或句尾。例如上句可改為：

I’llhavetousethecarunlessIbuyabike.17情態(tài)動詞should的翻譯情態(tài)動詞should的翻譯要根據(jù)其在語境（上下文）中的具體含義而定，而不一定總是表示“應(yīng)該”。例如：Themusicianbelievedthatmusic

shouldexpressthethoughtandfeelingofitsowntimeinhistory.

這位音樂家認(rèn)為音樂應(yīng)當(dāng)表達其所處歷史年代的思想感情。Sheearnsagoodsalary,soshe

shouldn’tbebadlyoff.她薪水不低，不應(yīng)該很拮據(jù)的。Itisstrangethatheshouldmarryher.他竟和她結(jié)婚了，真是奇怪。18Unit22Mainfunction:Studyvocabularytodowithlanguage;Studytheprogressiveinfinitive;Studybegoingtoforprediction;Reviewthefutureperfect;Studytheuseoflikely,probablyandpossibly.19theProgressiveInfinitive不定式的進行式由“tobe+現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成，該結(jié)構(gòu)與現(xiàn)在進行時一樣，強調(diào)動作正在進行。與之相比，不定式的一般式由“to+動詞原形”構(gòu)成，表示客觀事實或普遍真理。試比較：Over300millionpeopleareestimatedtospeakEnglishasasecondlanguage.據(jù)估計，三億多人將英語作為第二語言進行交流。AtthemomentoveronebillionpeoplearesaidtobelearningEnglish.

據(jù)說目前有十億多人正在學(xué)習(xí)英語。不定式的進行式常與引述動詞的被動形式連用。例如：

TheyarereportedtobelearningEnglish.TheyaresaidtobeworkinginBeijing.20Begoingto表示預(yù)測在Book3的Unit4中，我們學(xué)習(xí)了begoingto表示將來的打算。Forexample:I’mgoingtolearnEnglishtogetabetterjob.Begoingto也可以用來表示預(yù)測。Forexample:It’sunlikelythattheyaregoingtoshiftEnglishfromitspositionofdominance.

他們（這些語言）不大可能改變英語的統(tǒng)治地位。

Chineseisgoingtobecomemorewidelyspoken.

漢語將被更廣泛地使用。在上面的句子中，will可以代替begoingto,表示預(yù)測：

Chinesewillbecomemorewidelyspoken.21Thefutureperfect將來完成時由“will/won’t+have+過去分詞”構(gòu)成，表示在將來某一時間完成某事。

Forexample:

By2003,thenumberofnativeEnglish-speakingwebuserswillhavedroppedto29%.到2003年，以英語為母語的網(wǎng)絡(luò)使用者的人數(shù)將下降到29％。

Inabout20years’time,Spanish,French,ArabicandChinesewillalsohavetakenonthisconnectingrole.大約20年以后，西班牙語、法語、阿拉伯語和漢語也將起到這種聯(lián)系的溝通作用。將來完成時的否定與疑問形式為：

By2050,Spanishwon’thavereplacedFrenchasamajorInternetlanguage.

WillChinesehavebecomethepredominantInternetlanguageby2025?22Unit23Studylanguagerelatedtothemedia;Extendyourknowledgeoflinkingwordsandphrase;Studytheuseofwhom;Reviewreportedspeechandreportingverbs.23連接詞語的用法1.ontheonehand…ontheotherhand

該連接短語用來對比不同的事務(wù)，表示“一方面……,另一方面……”。例如：

Ontheonehandtherearethepoliticalchangeswhichhavetakenplaceintheworld.Ontheotherhandtherearethetechnologicalchangeswe’vehad.一方面，世界政治已經(jīng)發(fā)生變化；另一方面，我們也經(jīng)歷了技術(shù)變革。notonly…butalso…該連接短語用來連接和強調(diào)兩種情況，表示“不僅…而且…”，一般用于正式的書面語中。例如：

24

ThismakesitmucheasiernotonlytoproduceradioandTVbroadcasts,butalsotobroadcastalotmoreradioandtelevision.這不僅使得制作廣播和電視節(jié)目變得更為簡單，而且使得播出更多的廣播和電視節(jié)目變得更為容易。注意notonly…butalso…在句中的位置變化。Notonly一般置于系動詞be之后，其他的主要動詞之前。例如：

He’snotonlycleverbut(he’s)alsonice.他不僅聰明，還很友善。

Shenotonlyplayswell,butshealsosings.她不僅彈奏一手好樂器，而且還會唱歌。在口語中，也可使用notonly…too結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：

Heisnotonlyclever.He’snicetoo.Shenotonlyplayswell.Shecansingtoo.25直接引語、間接引語與引述動詞直接引語使用直接引語是新聞報道的普遍特征。用直接引語來支持文章中的觀點或事實，會使報道顯得更加生動有趣，令人信服。例如：JohnWaltersclaimed,“Thislackofinformationhasresultedinnegativefeelingstowardsthemedia.”間接引語直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語的基本規(guī)則：將原句中的時態(tài)變?yōu)橄鄳?yīng)的過去式，如果必要，改變時間狀語和人稱。JohnWaltersclaimedthatthislackofinformationhadresultedinnegativefeelingstowardsthemedia.26引述動詞的選擇我們學(xué)過的引述動詞有：tosay,toreport,tobelieve,toknow,tounderstand,toconsider,toclaim,toexplain,tomaintain,tostate等。在將直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，引述動詞的選擇要盡量反映出被引述者（即講話者）的語氣和態(tài)度。例如：“Heneverbuysmeflowers”,shesaid.她說：“他從來沒給我買過花?！憋@然，講話者在抱怨，因此可用如下引述動詞來轉(zhuǎn)述：

Shecomplainedthatheneverboughtherflowers.“I’minnocent,”theprisonersaid.Theprisonerclaimedtobeinnocent.囚犯聲稱自己是無辜的。27Unit25~30

need的用法；

usedto和

get/beusedto的用法；

與過去事實相反的虛擬條件句；

議論文的結(jié)構(gòu)。28Need的用法Need后接名詞或動詞不定式。Forexample:Youwillneedaspecialcardfromreception.

你需要從接診處辦理一張?zhí)厥獾拇趴ā?/p>

Youneedtoknowaboutthembeforeyoucanwork.在你上班之前你需要了解它們。need后接動名詞，即動詞的形式，該結(jié)構(gòu)相當(dāng)于“need+不定式的被動式”。Forexample:Itwillneedreplacing(=needtobereplaced)everytwomonths.它每兩個月就需要更換一次。29Usedtobe/getusedtoUsedto和be/getusedto的用法

1.Usedto+動詞原形該結(jié)構(gòu)表示過去的習(xí)慣性動作或狀態(tài)，而現(xiàn)在這種動作或狀態(tài)已經(jīng)不復(fù)存在。因此，該結(jié)構(gòu)常用來進行今昔對比。Forexample:Rememberyouusedtowaitagesbeforetheinformationcameuponthescreen?Well,nowit’sveryquick.Iusedtotalktoeveryonealot,butnowwecommunicatebyemailmostofthetime.注意usedto的否定形式：

Ididn’tusetosmoke,butIdonow.302.Be/getusedto+名詞/動名詞該結(jié)構(gòu)相當(dāng)于be/getaccustomedto，表示“習(xí)慣于…”。Beusedto

強調(diào)狀態(tài)，表示“完全習(xí)慣于…”；getusedto強調(diào)變化，表示“開始或正在習(xí)慣于…”forexample:I’musedtowritingemails.我習(xí)慣于寫電子郵件。

I’mgettingusedtowritingemails.我在逐漸習(xí)慣寫電子郵件。Be/getusedto可以用于任何時態(tài)，其疑問和否定形式與tobe或toget的結(jié)構(gòu)相同。Forexample:

Areyouusedtowritingemails?

I’mnotusedtowritingemails.

Haveyougotusedtowritingemails?

Iwon’tgetusedtowritingemails.Getusedto常與can’t連用。表示“無法習(xí)慣于…”或“無法適應(yīng)于…”。Forexample:Ican’tgetusedtothecomputersystems.我無法適應(yīng)新的電腦系統(tǒng)。31Thethirdconditional虛擬條件句：表示與過去事實相反的假設(shè)當(dāng)表示與過去事實相反的假設(shè)時，虛擬條件句的構(gòu)成形式為“If+動詞的過去完成式，would(could)+動詞的現(xiàn)在完成式”。Forexample:

Iftheyhadgivenup(searching),Iwouldhavedied.

如果他們當(dāng)時放棄了搜尋，那么我就沒命了。

IfIhadn’thadmymobilephone,theshotwouldhavekilledme.如果當(dāng)時我沒帶手機的話，那子彈就會要了我的命。上述兩句話實際表達的意思是：

Theydidn’tgiveup(searching),thereforeIdidnotdie.Ihadmymobilephone,thereforetheshotdidn’tkillme.32Theformofdiscursiveessay議論文的結(jié)構(gòu)模式

議論文主要對事物或現(xiàn)象進行評論分析，發(fā)表自己的看法。議論文一般由以下幾部分組成：

1.引語

2.闡述優(yōu)點或觀點的某一個側(cè)面

3.闡述優(yōu)點或觀點的另一側(cè)面

4.結(jié)論33Unit31~36

如何提出看法和建議；

用should表示對過去事情的遺憾和責(zé)備；

旅游簡介的寫法；

構(gòu)詞法34Givingopinionandadvice表達看法和提出建議

1.用should和itwouldbebetterto…等結(jié)構(gòu)表達看法和提出建議

…peopleshouldtakeholidays,……itwouldbebettertokeeptheoldones…除此之外，我們以前還學(xué)過一下幾種表達意見和提出建議的結(jié)構(gòu)：

Peopleoughttotakeholidays.人們應(yīng)該休假。

Itisagoodideaforpeopletotakeholidays.讓人們休假是個好主意。

Itisadvisableforpeopletotakeholidays.最好讓人們休假。35

2.用tosuggest,torecommendto和toadvise提出建議Tosuggest

Iohn

suggested

thatI(should)gotoFrancefortheweekend.JohnsuggestedgoingtoFrancefortheweekend.Torecommend,toadviseThebossrecommendedthesecretary(should)havealongweekend.Herecommendedhernottoworklonghours.Thebossadvisedthesecretarythatsheshouldhavealongweekend.Thebossadvisedthesecretarytohavealongweekend.Thebossadvisedhernottoworklonghours.36虛擬語氣的用法虛擬語氣表示所說的話是一種主觀的愿望/假想和建議等。

1.虛擬語氣用于與過去事實相反的虛擬條件句時，句子結(jié)構(gòu)為：

if+主語+had+過去分詞，主語+would/wouldn’t+have+過去分詞。Forexample:

IfIhadputmypassportinmypocket,Iwould’thavelostit.如果我把護照放在口袋里的話，我就不會把護照丟了。

Ifyouhadtoldmethatbefore,Iwould’veputthevisaformsinthehandluggage.如果你早告訴我，我就會把簽證放在手提行李里了。37

2.Should用在虛擬語氣中對過去的事情表示遺憾和責(zé)備，句子結(jié)構(gòu)為：主語＋should/shouldn’t+have+過去分詞

Youshould’vegivenheroneticket.

你應(yīng)該只給她一張票。

Youshouldn’thaveputitdowninthetaxi.

你不應(yīng)該把它放在了出租車?yán)铩?8構(gòu)詞法：前綴和后綴1.前綴和后綴都是英語構(gòu)詞的方法，前綴（re-,un-,in-,im-等）加在單詞前面往往會改變原來單詞的含義。Forexample:in-,il-,im-,dis-,un-,等表示相反意義

inefficient,illogical,illegal,dissatisfied,unhappy,unfair,

unaware,unrecognisable,unmanned…re-,表示“再”、“重新”

recycle,re-use,reorganise,review,revisit…Inter-,sub-,under-,等表示位置，水平

international,interstate,subway,underestimate…2.后綴（-ful,-al,-ism,-ation,-tion,-ty等）加在單詞后面往往會改變單詞的詞性和詞義。Forexample:employer,painful,helpful,possibility,exploration,Japanese,filthy,attractive,landing,criticism,personally39構(gòu)詞法：合成和轉(zhuǎn)化英語中有不少詞都是由兩個以上的詞合成的，在英語中稱作合成法。合成詞多為名詞和形容詞。例如：名詞合成詞

spacecraftbusinessmanrockclimbinghang-glidingscubadivingbungeejumpingbird-watching…形容詞復(fù)合詞

poverty-strickenmoney-makinglife-threateningweek-long…402.英語中還有一些詞從一種詞類轉(zhuǎn)化為另外一種詞類，而詞的拼寫保持不變，這叫做轉(zhuǎn)化構(gòu)詞法。我們僅舉幾例說明：動詞轉(zhuǎn)化成名詞

ride旅行，旅程launch發(fā)射，新船下水

smell氣味love愛want需要名詞轉(zhuǎn)化為動詞

crater（炸彈，流星等落在地面造成的）撞擊出坑洞

hand交給mask(帶假面具）pilot領(lǐng)航

house給…提供住宿experience經(jīng)歷41

中央廣播電視大學(xué)開放本科各專業(yè)

開放英語IV作業(yè)

及參考答案

42作業(yè)1（Units19~24）

Activity1

Writethefollowingsentencesintheirfullformusingwhich.Decidewhichtenseismoreappropriate:thesimplepresent

orcontinuouspresent.Insomebothtensesarepossible.1.

Therearenow11citieshousingover11millionpeople.

Therearenow11citieswhichhouseover11millionpeople.

2.

Theworld’surbanpopulation,increasingatfourtimestherateofruralpopulations,willdoubleintheperiod1990-2025.

Theworld’surbanpopulation,whichisincreasingatfourtimestherateofruralpopulations,willdoubleintheperiod1990-2025.3.

Thisgrowth,adding

around60millionpeopleperyeartocitypopulations,willbemainlyinSoutheastAsiaandAfrica.

Thisgrowth,whichadds/whichisaddingaround60millionpeopleperyeartocitypopulations,willbemainlyinSoutheastAsiaandAfrica.434.

Thisischangeonascaleneverbeforeexperienced,bringingwithitconsiderablechangesandopportunities.

Thisischangeonascaleneverbeforeexperienced,whichbrings/whichisbringingwithitconsiderablechangesandopportunities5.Improvedhealthbrings

populationgrowth,causingpeopletomoveoutofruralareas.

Improvedhealthbringspopulationgrowth,whichcausespeopletomoveoutofruralareas.

6.

Suchchangescanalterthesocialstructure,

leading

peopletomove.

Suchchangescanalterthesocialstructure,whichleadspeopletomove.

7.

Civilwarorregionalconflictsalsocausedisruption,

drivingpeopleoutofareas.

Civilwarorregionalconflictsalsocausedisruption,whichdrivespeopleoutofareas.44

Activity2Completethesecondsentencesothatitmeansthesameasthefirst.Usethe…the…andacomparative.1.

Iftheenvironmentisbetter,thepeoplewillbehealthier.

Thebettertheenvironment,thehealthierthepeoplewillbe.

2.

Ifthesanitationisbetter,therewillbelessdisease.

Thebetterthesanitation,thelessdiseasetherewillbe.

3.

Ifthehousingsituationgetsworse,therewillbemoreslums.

Theworsethehousingsituation,themoreslumstherewillbe.4.

Ifpeoplearebettereducated,they’llhavemoreopportunities.

Thebettereducatedpeople,themoreopportunitiesthey’llhave.

5.

Iftherearemorejobs,peoplecanworkmore.Themorejobsthereare,themorepeoplecanwork.

6.

Ifpeopleworkmore,theycanhaveahigherstandardofliving.Themorepeoplework,thehigherthestandardoflivingtheycanhave.45

7.

Ifcitiesarebigger,thereismorepollution.

Thebiggerthecities,themorepollutionthereis.

8.

Iftheeconomicexpansionofacityisfast,thepopulationgrowsfaster.Thefastertheeconomicexpansionofacity,thefasterthepopulation

grows.

Activity3Underlinethewordsinthefollowingsentenceswhichcanbeomittedtomakeapastparticiple.1.

Alotoffood

whichis

boughtnowadaysisconveniencefood.

2.

Theenormousamountofwastethatis

producedbyfast-foodchainsisabigproblem.

3.

People

whoareemployedbyfast-foodchainsareoftenpaidalowsalary.4.

Manyofusregularlyeatfoodwhichis

cookedinamicrowaveoven.

46

5.

Itisbecominglesscommonforpeopletoeatfreshfood

thatis

preparedathome.

6.

Somemeals

thatare

offeredbyMcDonald’sarelocalvariations.Activity4ListentoExtract2andchoosethebestanswertoeachquestion.

1.b2.c3.c4.c5.a6.b7.a8.c

Activity5Writethesenumbersinwords.1.

331:threehundredthirty-one

2.83,000:eighty-threethousand

3.30,000,000,000:thirtybillion47

4.9,289,000:ninemilliontwohundredeighty-ninethousand

5.64,286:sixty-fourthousandtwohundredandeightysix

6.

7,720:seventhousandsevenhundredandtwenty

7.

639,501:sixhundredthirty-ninethousandfivehundredandone

8.

2,506:twothousandfivehundredandsix

Activity6

Reportthestatementsyouhearusingtheverbprovided.

1.toreport:Hereportedthatviolentcrimehaddropped.

2.toexplain:Heexplainedthatmorepolicewereonthestreets.48

3.toclaim:Heclaimedthatthestreetshadbecomesafer.

4.tocomplain:Hecomplainedthatthepeopledidn’tliketogoout.

Activity7

Readthefollowingtextanddecideifthestatementsthatfollowareright(R),wrong(W)orwhetherwedonotknowiftheyarerightorwrong(DK).1.KlingonwasfirstheardspokenatStarTrekconventions.(W)

2.YoucanonlyseeStarTredonTV.(DK)

3.TheKlingonusedtobetheenemiesofthehumans.(R)

4.Thereare‘teachyourselfKlingon’coursesavailable.(DK)

5.Klingonisspokenat‘Trekkie’conventions.(R)49

作業(yè)2(Units25~30)Activity1Putthecorrectwordorphrasefromtheboxbelowineachgap.

1.

It’sashame.Ihavetoleaveearly.Iwouldliketostay.

2.

Ihavehadanewphonesysteminstalledinmyoffice.

3.

Adoctorhelpspatientstogetbetter.

4.

Thispatientbookingsystemismuchbetternow.Ithasimprovedsincewegotthenewprogram.

5.I’dliketobookanappointmenttoseemydentist,please.IsnextFridaymorningpossible?

6.

Theinstructionsforthisnewpatientrecordsystemareverycomplicated,Idon’tunderstandthem.50

7.

Aftertheyswitchedonthecomputer,ittookafewsecondsforthepicturetocomeuponthescreen.

8.

Therearemanyadvantagestohavingaveryfastcomputer,butthedownsideisthecost.

9.

I’mnotfamiliarwiththisnewprogram.Canyoushowmehowtouseit?

10.

Thehospitalwascloseddown.Themedicalstaffweretransferredandeverybodyelsewasmaderedundant.

Activity2Readthefollowingstatementsandmakeaquestionrelatingtoeachinthethirdconditionalform.

1.

Iwasn’tworriedbecauseTomrangme.

WouldyouhavebeenworriedifTomhadn’trungyou?51

2.

Annegavehersonamobilephonebecausehepassedhisexams.

WouldAnnehavegivenhersonamobilephoneifhehadn’tpassedhisexams?

3.

PeterrecommendedthismobilephonebecauseithasInternetaccess.

WouldPeterhaverecommendedthismobilephoneifithadInternetaccess?

4.

Ididn’twritedownyourphonenumber,soIdidn’tcallyou.

Wouldyouhavecalledmeifyouhadwrittendownmyphonenumber?

5.

Theysentusatextmessage,sowedidn’tmisstheparty.

Wouldyouhavemissedthepartyiftheyhadn’tsentyouatextmessage?

6.

Ididn’tchargethebatteryonmyphone,soIdidn’ttakeitwithme.

Wouldyouhavetakenitwithyouifyouhadchargedthebatteryonyourphone?52Activity3

ReadthetextabouttheuseofInternetinBritain,andsaywhetherthestatementsbelowaretrue(T),false(F),orwhetherwedonotknowiftheyaretrueorfalse(DK).

1.T2.DK3.T4.F5.T6.F7.F8.DK

Activity4

Completethefollowingsentenceswiththecorrectformoftheappropriateverbfromtheboxbelow.1.

Thissouptastesdelicious.Isitcarrot?

2.

Yourfriendlookssad.Ithinkshe’scrying.

3.

Igotthatband’snewCDtoday.Itsoundsbrilliant.

4.

DoyouwanttolistentomynewCD?53

5.

Ohno,Icansmellthechickenburning.

6.

Don’ttouchtheplate!It’sveryhot.

7.

Thisbagisnewleather.Itfeelsverysoft.

8.

Ican’thearyou.Canyouspeaklouder?

9.

HaveyouseenBethrecently?She’slostalotofweight.

10.

Lookatthatman.He’snotwearinganyshoes.

Activity5

Rewritethefollowingsentencesusingthewordgiveninbrackets.54

1.

Myfatherdidn’tallowmetouseacomputerformyhomework.(let)

Myfatherdidn’tletmeuseacomputerformyhomework.

2.

NowIinsistthatmychildrenlearnhowtouseacomputer.(make)

NowImakemychildrenlearnhowtouseacomputer.

3.

OurlecturesaiditwasagoodideaforustolookforinformationfromtheInternet.(advise)

OurlectureadvisedustouslookforinformationfromtheInternet.

4.

Heropticiansaiditwasagoodideatolimitheruseofe-books.(recommend)

Heropticianrecommendedustolimitheruseofe-books.

5.

Theuniversitysaidweshouldcontinueusingthelibraryforresearch.(encourage)

Theuniversityencouragedustousethelibraryforresearch.55

6.

Thetutorssaythattheycannottaketheire-bookreadersintotheexams.(permit)

Thetutorsdonotpermitthemtaketheire-bookreadersintotheexams.

7.

IsoldmyoldcarsothatIcouldbuyabettercomputer.(Enable)

Isoldmyoldcartoenablemetobuyabettercomputer.

8.

Mye-bookreadermeansIcanlookupwordsIdon’tknowimmediately.(Allow)

Mye-bookreaderallowsmetolookupwordsIdon’tknowimmediately.

Activity7

Readthetextbelowandanswerthequestions,whichfollow.

1.C

2.a3.a

4.b

5.b56

作業(yè)3(Units31~36)Activity2

Lookatthesituationsbelow,andcompletethesentencesusingshouldandth