八年級(jí)英語-人教版 新目標(biāo) 八年級(jí)下 直接引語變間接引語面面觀

直接引語變間接引語面面觀一、如何變?nèi)朔Q：口訣：一隨主。二隨賓，第三人稱不更新〞。“一隨主〞是指在直接引語變間接引語時(shí)，如果從句中的主語是第一人稱或被第一人稱所修飾。從句中的人稱要按照主句中主語的人稱變化如：She

said.

"My

brother

wants

to

goshopping

with

me.

〞→She

said

her

brotherwanted

to

goshopping

with

her.

“二隨賓〞是指直接引語變間接引語時(shí)，假設(shè)從句中的主語及賓語是第二人稱或被第二人你所修飾。從句中的人稱要跟引號(hào)外的主句的賓語一致。如果引號(hào)外的主句沒有賓語。也可以用第一人稱，如：

：

He

said

to

Kate.

"How

is

your

sister

now?〞→He

asked

Kate

how

her

sister

was

then。

“第三人稱不更新〞是指直接引語變間接引語時(shí)。如果從句中的主語及賓語是第三人稱或被第三人稱所修飾從句中的人稱一般不需要變化如：Mr

Smith

said,"Jack

is

a

good

boy.“→Mr

Smith

said

Jack

was

a

good

boy.二、如何變時(shí)態(tài)：直接引語在改為間接引語時(shí)、時(shí)態(tài)需要做相應(yīng)的調(diào)整。

1)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)→一般過去時(shí)態(tài)；Shesaid:〞Iamastudent.〞→Shesaid(that)shewasastudent.2)一般將來時(shí)→過去將來時(shí)She

said,"He

will

go

to

see

his

friend.〞→She

said

he

would

go

to

see

his

friend。

Tomsaid,〞Iamgoingtoplaybasketballtomorrow.〞→Tomsaidhewasgoingtoplaybasketballtomorrow.二、如何變時(shí)態(tài)：3)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)→過去進(jìn)行時(shí)；Shesaid,“Iamreadingabook.〞→Shesaidshewasreadingabook.

注意：以下幾種情況時(shí)態(tài)不變①直接引語是客觀真理。The

teachersaid"The

earth

moves

around

the

sun

.〞→

The

teacher

said

me

the

earth

moves

around

the

sun

earth.

③直接引語中有具體的過去某年、某月、某日作狀語，變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變。如：Jack

said.

"I

was

born

on

April

2l,

1980."

→Jacksaid

he

was

born

on

April

20,

1980.

②直接引語是過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變。Jack

said.

“IwasdoingchoreswhenTomcometoseeme〞

→Jack

saidhewasdoingchoreswhenTomcametoseehim.④直接引語如果是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。表示一種反復(fù)出現(xiàn)或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，變間接引語，時(shí)態(tài)不變。如：He

said,

“I

get

up

at

six

every

morning。〞

→He

said

he

gets

up

at

six

every

morning.⑤如果直接引語中的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒有過去時(shí)的形式不再變〔例：could,

should,

would,

might〕Thedoctorsaid,“Youshouldstayinbedfor2days.〞→ThedoctorsaidIshouldstayinbedfor2days.〞和已經(jīng)是過去時(shí)的形式時(shí)，例：ought

to，

had

better,

used

toPeter

said.

"You

had

better

come

here

today."

→Peter

said

I

had

better

go

there

that

day.三、如何變狀語：直接引語變間接引語，狀語變化有其內(nèi)在規(guī)律，時(shí)間狀語由“現(xiàn)在〞改為“原來〞〔例：now變?yōu)閠hen,

yesterday變?yōu)?/p>

the

day

beforetoday變?yōu)閠hatdayHesaid,〞Iwanttogoswimmingnow.〞→Hesaidhewanttogoswimmingthen.地點(diǎn)狀語，尤其表示方向性的，here變thereTheteachersaid,“Youshouldcomehereat7:00.〞

→TheteachersaidIshouldgothereat7:00.指示代詞修飾的狀語，由“此〞改為“彼〞例：this

改為thatHe

said,

"This

books

is

mine.“

→He

said

that

book

was

his.

四、如何變句型：①直接引語如果是陳述句，間接引語應(yīng)改為由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。She

said,

"Our

bus

will

arrive

in

five

minutes.“→She

said

that

their

bus

would

arrive

in

five

minutes.②直接引語如果是反意疑問句，選擇疑問句或一般疑問句，間接引語應(yīng)改為由whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句.He

said,

"Can

you

swim,

John?“

→He

asked

John

if

he

could

swim.

"Do

you

go

to

school

by

bus

or

by

bike?"

→He

asked

me

if

I

went

to

school

by

bus

or

by

bike.③直接引語如果是特殊問句，間接引語應(yīng)該改為由疑問代詞或疑問副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句〔賓語從句必須用陳述句語序〕。She

asked

me,

"When

do

they

have

their

dinner?〞→

She

asked

me

when

they

had

their

dinner.She

asked

me,

"What

wasJackdoingwhenIcomein?〞→She

asked

mewhat

Jackwasdoingwhenshecamein.④直接引語如果是祈使句，間接引語應(yīng)改為“Tell(ask,

order,

beg等)

sb

(not)

to

do

sth.“句型

。如：1."Don't

make

any

noise,"

theteacher

said

to

the

students.

→She

told

(ordered)

the

students

not

to

make

any

noise.

2.“Openthedoor,

please,"

said

she.→She

asked

him

to

openthedoor.⑤直接引語如果是以“Let's〞開頭的祈使句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，通常用“suggest

+動(dòng)句詞〔或從句〕〞如：He

said,

"Let's

go

to

the

movies."

→He

suggested

going

to

the

movies.或He

suggested

that

they

should

go

to

see

the

movies.

練習(xí)1.Shesaid:〞Iamsixyearsold.〞Answer:Shesaidshewassixyearsold.2.Johnsaid:〞I’llbebacktomorrow.〞Answer:Johnsaidhewouldbebackthenextday/tomorrow.3.Katesaid:〞IamwatchingTVnow〞Answer:Katesaidshewaswatchingthen.4.Theboysaid:〞IwasbornonApril11th1982〞Answer:TheboysaidhewasbornonApril11th1982.5.“IjoinedtheLeaguein2000,〞XiaoLisaid.Answer:XiaoLisaidthathejoinedtheLeaguein2000.6.“Whyareyoulate?〞theteacheraskedtheboy.Answer:Theteacheraskedtheboywhyhewaslate.

7Heaskedme,“Doyoulikeblackteaorgreentea？〞.Answer:HeaskedmewhetherIlikedblackteaorgreentea.8.Hesaid,“pleasecomeagaintomorrow.〞Answer:Heaskedmetogothereagainthenextday..9Hesaid,“Mother,theboyisverynaughty.〞

10Kittysaid“I’llcallagainaftersupperthisevening.〞

11Shesaid,“Iwillcomehereagaintonight.〞

12Shesaid,“Mysisterwillbebacktomorrowmorning.〞

13“Thechildrenhadbettergotobedearly,〞shesaid.

14Paulsaid,“I’mtryingtogetataxi.〞

HesaidtohismotherthatboywasverynaughtyKittysaidshewouldcallagainaftersupperthateveningShesaidshewouldcomethereagainthatnight.Shesaidhersisterwouldbebacktomorrowmorning.Shesaidthechildrenhadbettergotobedearly.Paulsaidhewastryingtogetataxi.

15Heasked,“Areyousureyourmotherwillcome?’

16Heasked,“Areyouateacherorastudent?〞

17Hesaidtome,“Pleasecomeagainheretomorrow.〞

18Hesaidtome,“Don’tdothatagain.〞

19Hesaid,“Whereisshegoing?〞

20“Wholivesnextdoor?〞sheasked.