2023年高考英語(yǔ)真題試卷(天津卷)解析版

PAGE2023年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試〔天津卷〕英語(yǔ)第I卷第一局部：英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用〔共兩節(jié)，總分值45分〕第一節(jié)：?jiǎn)雾?xiàng)填空〔共15小題；每題1分，總分值15分〕從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最正確選項(xiàng)。例：Standoverthere______you’llbeabletoseeitbetter.A.orB.andC.butD.while答案是B。1.I’mtryingtobreakthe_______ofgettinguptoolate.A.traditionB.convenienceC.habitD.leisure【答案】C【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。由關(guān)鍵詞gettinguptoolate“起的晚和習(xí)慣〞搭配適宜，意思是“晚起的習(xí)慣〞；tradition傳統(tǒng)；convenience方便，便利；leisure休閑，空閑，均不和句意。Habit習(xí)慣，選C適宜。2.Myparents_____inHongKong.Theywerebornthereandhaveneverlivedanywhereelse.A.liveB.livedC.werelivingD.willlive【答案】A【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。后句意思“他們出生在香港，從來(lái)沒(méi)有去過(guò)別的地方〞，由此可知前句“一直在香港住〞，時(shí)態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，說(shuō)明事實(shí)，應(yīng)選A。3.We’reorganizingapartynextSaturday,andI’dlikeyoutocome._______!Ihaveanotheronethatday.Thankyoujustthesame.A.GoodluckB.WhatapityC.NeverdoitagainD.Welldone【答案】B【解析】考查交際用語(yǔ)。上句邀請(qǐng)對(duì)方，但下句由Ihaveanotheronethatday.可以看出那天不能去，此處答語(yǔ)應(yīng)該是委婉回絕，whatapity太遺憾的意思符合語(yǔ)境。其他均不和句意，應(yīng)選B。4.______theprojectintime,thestaffwereworkingatweekends.A.CompetingB.HavingcompletedC.TohavecompletedD.Tocomplete【答案】D【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式做目的狀語(yǔ)用法。由后句thestaffwereworkingatweekends.可知在周末一直在工作的目的就是按時(shí)完成工程，應(yīng)選D符合。5.Aperson______e-mailaccountisfullwon’tbeabletosendorreceiveanye-mails.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.whoever【答案】C【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系詞辨析。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，aperson作整個(gè)句子的主語(yǔ)，而aperson合e-mailcount的關(guān)系是所有關(guān)系，應(yīng)選C符合。6.Sorry,Ihaveto______now.It’stimeforclass.OK,I’llcallbacklater.A.hangupB.breakupC.giveupD.holdup【答案】A【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。此題創(chuàng)設(shè)的語(yǔ)境是打。breakup拆散；分解；giveup放棄；holdup延誤，阻擋；hangup掛斷〔〕，掛起;符合語(yǔ)境，應(yīng)選A。7.Itisobvioustothestudents______theyshouldgetwellpreparedfortheirfuture.A.asB.whichC.whetherD.that【答案】D【解析】考查名詞性從句中的主語(yǔ)從句用法。此處要分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，看出it為形式主語(yǔ)，代替thattheyshouldgetwellpreparedfortheirfuture，并且本句意思完整，應(yīng)選D。8.Don’tworryifyoudon’tunderstandeverything,theteacherwill______themainpointsattheend.A.recoverB.reviewC.requireD.remember【答案】B【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。Recover恢復(fù)；require需要，要求；review回憶，總結(jié)符合句意，應(yīng)選B。9._____bytheadvancesintechnology,manyfarmershavesetupwindfarmsontheirland.A.BeingencouragedB.EncouragingC.EncouragedD.Havingencouraged【答案】C【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞作原因狀語(yǔ)的用法。分析句子可以看出，這是一個(gè)省略的原因狀語(yǔ)從句，前后主語(yǔ)都是manyfarmers，由bytheadvancesintechnology，可知許多農(nóng)民受到鼓舞，選C符合。10.Theartshowwas_______beingafailure;itwasagreatsuccess.A.farfromB.alongwithC.nexttoD.regardlessof【答案】A【解析】考查介詞短語(yǔ)用法。alongwith同一道；nextto在近旁；在隔壁；次于；regardlessof無(wú)視，不理睬；farfrom表示距離的遠(yuǎn)離；遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不，完全不，決不后跟名詞，動(dòng)名詞后形容詞；此處句意為藝術(shù)展決不是一個(gè)失敗，而是一個(gè)巨大的成功，可知選A符合句意。11.Puttingonahappyfacenotonlyhelpsusmakefriendsbutalsomakesusfeelbetter._______.A.I’dlovetoB.I’mwithyouonthatC.It’suptoyouD.It’smypleasure【答案】B【解析】考查交際用語(yǔ)辨析。上句提出一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，由I’dloveto我喜歡去做；It’suptoyou一切由你決定；It’smypleasure別客氣；I’mwithyouonthat，關(guān)于這事我贊成，支持你，可知，選B符合語(yǔ)境。12.Itwasanicehouse,but_______toosmallforafamilyoflive.A.rarelyB.fairlyC.ratherD.pretty【答案】C【解析】考查副詞用法辨析。按照句意此處是“讓一個(gè)家庭去住相當(dāng)小〞，排除Ararely罕見，稀少；Dpretty和fairly意思用法相近表示褒義，但程度大于后者；rather表示貶義，尤其能和比較級(jí)和too連用，B,D選項(xiàng)不行，應(yīng)選C。13.I’mnotsurprisedthathebecameawriter.Evenasachildhehada_____imagination.A.clearB.cautiousC.funnyD.vivid【答案】D【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。此處句意為“甚至當(dāng)他很小時(shí)，他都有豐富的想象力。〞clear清晰；cautions細(xì)心，謹(jǐn)慎；funny滑稽；vivid生動(dòng)，鮮明，豐富；吻合語(yǔ)境，選D。14.ItraveltotheBinhaiNewAreabylightrailwayeveryday,_____domanybusinessmenwholiveindowntownTianjin.A.asB.whichC.whenD.though【答案】A【解析】考查as的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。后句有我的做法正如/正像生活在天津鬧市區(qū)的商人一樣。本句為防止頭重腳輕結(jié)構(gòu)經(jīng)過(guò)了調(diào)整，主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)顛倒，這點(diǎn)要注意，which代替上句局部和整體內(nèi)容，此處沒(méi)有它的意思，排除B;C，D均不適宜，as正如，正像的意思符合，應(yīng)選A.15.Thisprinterisofgoodquality.Ifit_______breakdownwithinthefirstyear,wewouldrepairitatourexpense.A.wouldB.shouldC.couldD.might【答案】B【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣用法。前句表示打印機(jī)質(zhì)量好，按道理起初的一年內(nèi)不可能毀壞，所以下句提出了一種將來(lái)的可能性不大的假設(shè)，由此判斷為與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，用虛擬，從句形式Betodo,動(dòng)詞過(guò)去時(shí)；should動(dòng)詞原形。應(yīng)選B.第二節(jié)：完形填空〔共20小題；每題1.5分，總分值30分〕閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從16-35各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最正確選項(xiàng)。ThefirsttimeIremembernoticingthecrossingguardwaswhenhewavedtomeasIdrovemysontoschool.He16mewithapuzzleallbecausehewavedtomelikesomeonedoes17seeingaclosefriend.Abig,18smileaccompaniedhiswave.ForthenextfewdaysItriedto19hisfacetoseeifIknewhim.Ididn’t.Perhapshehad20meforsomeoneelse.BythetimeIcontentedmyselfwiththe21thatheandIwerestrangers,weweregreetingeachotherwarmlyeverymorninglikeoldfriends.Thenonedaythe22wassolved.AsI23theschoolhewasstandinginthemiddleoftheroad24hisstopsign.Iwasinlivebehindfourcars.25thekidshadreachedthesafetyofthesidewalk,heloweredhissignandletthecars26.Tothefirsthewavedand27injustthesamewayhehaddonetomeoverthelastfewdays.Thekidsalreadyhadthewindowdownandwerehappilywavingtheirreply.Thesecondcargotthesame28fromthecrossingguard,andthedriver,astiff-looking〔表情刻板的〕businessman,gaveabrief,almost29waveback.Eachfollowingcarofkidsontheirwaytoschool30EverymorningIcontinuedtowatchthemanwith31.SofarIhaven’tseenanyone32towaveback.Ifinditinterestingthatonepersoncanmakesucha〔n〕33tosomanypeople’slivesbydoingonesimplethinglikewavingandsmilingwarmly.His34armedthestartofmyday.Withafriendlywaveandsmilingfacehehadchangedthe35ofthewholeneighbourhood.16.A.hit B.disappointed C.presentedD.bored【答案】C【解析】考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)下文，“heandIwerestrangers〞，但是“hewavedtomelikesomeonedoesonseeingaclosefriend，〞所以這不合常理，“present〔呈現(xiàn)，呈送〕mewithapuzzle〞。17.A.onB.fromC.duringD.about【答案】A【解析】考查介詞。根據(jù)常識(shí)，人們一見到親密朋友就會(huì)揮手問(wèn)候，ondoingsth.“一……就〞，應(yīng)選“on〞。18.A.falseB.shyC.apologeticD.bright【答案】D【解析】考查形容詞。和上文aclosefriend相照應(yīng)，人們見到朋友會(huì)呈現(xiàn)“燦爛的〞笑容，應(yīng)選bright“歡快的，興高采烈的，燦爛的〞。19.A.researchB.studyC.recognizeD.explore【答案】B【解析】考查動(dòng)詞。因?yàn)樽髡卟徽J(rèn)識(shí)他，所以作者想努力觀察他的臉以確定是否認(rèn)識(shí)他。study“仔細(xì)打量，仔細(xì)觀察，研究〞。20.A.praisedB.blamedC.mistakenD.respected【答案】C【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。thecrossingguard的熱情與陌生人的身份不符，所以作者認(rèn)為他是誤把自己當(dāng)成了別人。21.A.conclusionB.descriptionC.evaluationD.introduction【答案】A【解析】考查名詞。作者雖然不理解，但還是快樂(lè)地接受了這一“結(jié)果〞conclusion

“結(jié)論，結(jié)果〞，description

“描述〞，evaluation

“評(píng)估，評(píng)價(jià)〞，introduction“介紹，引言〞。22.A.argumentB.disagreementC.mysteryD.task【答案】C【解析】考查名詞。作者之前只能猜想，認(rèn)為是神秘的事。此題可用排除法，文中不存在argument〔爭(zhēng)論、辯論〕，也沒(méi)有意見上的分歧〔disagreement〕，也不是任務(wù)〔task〕。23.A.visitedB.approachedC.passedD.left【答案】B【解析】考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)下文Eachfollowingcarofkidsontheirwaytoschool30，可知是作者送兒子前往學(xué)校的路上。approach“靠近，接近〞。24.A.drawingbackB.puttingonC.handinginD.holdingout【答案】D【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。根據(jù)常識(shí)，交警指揮交通會(huì)舉出他的標(biāo)志牌。drawback

“撤退，撤回〞，puton

“穿上〞，handin

“上交〞，holdout“伸出，拿出，舉出〞。25.A.OnceB.BeforeC.UnlessD.While【答案】A【解析】考查連詞。他放下標(biāo)志牌的前提是孩子們到達(dá)馬路的平安區(qū)域，所以選once引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。26.A.inB.throughC.outD.down【答案】B【解析】考查介詞。車輛是從馬路中間穿過(guò)，只有through有此意。27.A.criedB.cheeredC.smiledD.gestured【答案】C【解析】考查動(dòng)詞。和上文Abig,18smileaccompaniedhiswave相照應(yīng)。28.A.ideaB.replyC.noticeD.greeting【答案】D【解析】考查名詞。向別人微笑和揮手都是一種問(wèn)候。29.A.awkwardB.angryC.elegantD.patient【答案】A【解析】考查形容詞。根據(jù)上文對(duì)businessman的描述stiff-looking(表情刻板的),所以他的揮手是awkward“笨拙的，不靈活的〞，elegant“優(yōu)雅的〞，patient“耐心的〞。30.A.cameB.respondedC.hurriedD.appeared【答案】B【解析】考查動(dòng)詞。后面的車輛對(duì)交警的“反響〞更加開心快樂(lè)。此題heartily是副詞，故排除A、D，再根據(jù)題意排除C。31.A.surpriseB.frustrationC.interestD.doubt【答案】C【解析】考查名詞。作者對(duì)其產(chǎn)生了好感，故會(huì)以感興趣的眼光來(lái)觀察他。32.A.failB.tryC.wishD.bother【答案】A【解析】考查動(dòng)詞。此句是雙重否認(rèn)，作者沒(méi)見到任何不向這個(gè)交警回以揮手的人。前已有否認(rèn)詞，只有A選項(xiàng)表否認(rèn)，failtodosth.“未能做某事〞。33.A.offerB.sacrificeC.promiseD.difference【答案】D【解析】考查名詞在固定短語(yǔ)中的意思辨析?！癿akeadifference〞means“tohaveanimportanteffectonathingorasituation〞(有影響，使不同)。sacrifice〔犧牲〕不合題意。34.A.effectivenessB.cheerfulnessC.carefulnessD.seriousness【答案】B【解析】考查名詞。effectiveness

“有效性〞，cheerfulness

“快樂(lè)，開朗，欣然熱情〞，carefulness“細(xì)心〞，seriousness“嚴(yán)肅〞。35.A.trendsB.observationsC.regulationsD.feelings【答案】D【解析】考查名詞和動(dòng)詞搭配。他改變了鄰里之間的“感情〞，此題考查動(dòng)賓搭配，其他三項(xiàng)都不能做“改變〞的賓語(yǔ)。第二局部閱讀理解〔共20小題；每題2分，總分值40分〕閱讀以下短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最正確選項(xiàng)。ASocietiesallovertheworldnameplacesinsimilarways.Quiteoftenthereisnoofficialnamingceremonybutplacestendtobecallednamesaspointsofreferencebypeople.Thenanorganizedbodystepsinandgivestheplaceaname.Frequentlyithappensthataplacehastwonames:Oneisnamedbythepeopleandtheotherbythegovernment.Asinmanyareas,oldhabitsdiedhard,andtheplacecontinuestobecalledbyitsunofficialnamelongafterthemeaningislost.ManyroadsandplacesinSingapore〔新加坡〕arenamedinorderthatthepioneerswillberememberedbyfuturegenerations.ThuswehavenamessuchasStamfordRoadandRafflesPlace.ThisisinkeepingwithtraditionsinmanycountriesinboththeWestandtheEast.Anotherwayofnamingplacesisnamingthemafterotherplaces.Perhapstheywerenamedtopromotefriendshipsbetweenthetwoplacesoritcouldbethatthepeoplewhousedtolivetherewereoriginallyfromtheplacesthattheroadswerenamedafter.ThemysteryisclearerwhenweseesomeoftheroadsnamedinformerBritishbases.IfyoustepintoSelectorAirbaseyouwillseePiccadillyCircusobviouslynamedbysomehomesickRoyalAirForcepersonnel.Someplaceswerenamedaftertheactivitiesthatusedtogoonatthoseplaces.BrasBasahRoadisaninterestingexample,“BaseBasah〞means“wetrice〞inMalay〔馬來(lái)語(yǔ)〕.Nowwhywouldanyonewanttonamearoad“WetRiceRoad〞?Thereasonissimple.Duringthepioneeringdays,wetricewaslaidouttodryalongthisroad.AfewroadsinSingaporearenamedbytheirshapes.Thereis“CircularRoad〞forone.Otherroadsmayhavepartoftheirnamestodescribetheirshapes,like“PayaLebarCrescent〞.Thisroadiscalledacrescent〔月牙〕becauseitbeginsonthemainroad,makesacrescentandcomesbacktojointhemainroadagain.36.WelearnfromParagraph1that_____.A.thegovernmentisusuallythefirsttonameaplaceB.manyplacestendtohavemorethanonenameC.aceremonywillbeheldwhenaplaceisnamedD.peopleprefertheplacenamesgivenbythegovernment【答案】B【解析】推理理解題。由“Frequentlyithappensthataplacehastwonames〞可知。37.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“diehard〞inParagraph1probablymean?A.Changesuddenly.B.Changesignificantly.C.Disappearmysteriously.D.Disappearveryslowly.【答案】D【解析】詞義猜想題。根據(jù)下文“theplacecontinuestobecalledbyitsunofficialnamelongafterthemeaningislost〞可知。38.Whichofthefollowingplacesisnamedafteraperson?A.RafflesPlace.B.SelectorAirbase.C.PiccadillyCircus.D.PayaLebarCrescent.【答案】.A【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解。答案見第二自然段。39.BrasBasahRoadisnamed_______.A.afterapersonB.afteraplaceC.afteranactivityD.byitsshape【答案】C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。見第四自然段前兩行。40.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.SomeplacenamesinSingaporearethesameasinBritain.B.SomeplacesinSingaporearenamedformilitarypurposes.C.ThewaySingaporeansnametheirplacesisunique.D.YoungSingaporeanshaveforgottenthepioneers.【答案】A【解析】推理判斷題。由本文第一句話“Societiesallovertheworldnameplacesinsimilarways.〞可推知。BIamawriter.Ispendagreatdealofmytimethinkingaboutthepoweroflanguage—thewayitcanevoke〔喚起〕anemotion,avisualimage,acomplexidea,orasimpletruth.Languageisthetoolofmytrade.AndIusethemall—alltheEnglishesIgrewupwith.BornintoaChinesefamilythathadrecentlyarrivedinCalifornia,I’vebeengivingmorethoughttothekindofEnglishmymotherspeaks.Likeothers,Ihavedescribedittopeopleas“broken〞English.Butfeelembarrassedtosaythat.IthasalwaysbotheredmethatIcanthinkofnowaytodescribeitotherthan“broken〞,asifitweredamagedandneededtobefixed,asifitlackedacertainwholeness.I’veheardothertermsused,“l(fā)imitedEnglish,〞forexample.Buttheyseemjustasbad,asifeverythingislimited,includingpeople’sperceptions〔認(rèn)識(shí)〕ofthelimitedEnglishspeaker.Iknowthisforafact,becausewhenIwasgrowingup,mymother’s“l(fā)imited〞Englishlimitedmyperceptionofher.IwasashamedofherEnglish.IbelievedthatherEnglishreflectedthequalityofwhatshehadtosay.Thatis,becausesheexpressedthemimperfectlyherthoughtswereimperfect.AndIhadplentyofevidencetosupportme:thefactthatpeopleindepartmentstores,atbanks,andatrestaurantsdidnottakeherseriously,didnotgivehergoodservice,pretendednottounderstandher,orevenactedasiftheydidnothearher.Istartedwritingfictionin1985.AndforreasonsIwon’tgetintotoday,IbegantowritestoriesusingalltheEnglishesIgrewupwith:theEnglishsheusedwithme,whichforlackofabettertermmightbedescribedas“broken〞,andwhatIimaginetobehertranslationofherChinese,herinternal〔內(nèi)在的〕language,andforthatIsoughttopreservetheessence,butneitheranEnglishnoraChinesestructure:Iwantedtocatchwhatlanguageabilitytestscannevershow;herintention,herfeelings,therhythmsofherspeechandthenatureofherthoughts.41.Bysaying“Languageisthetoolofmytrade〞,theauthormeansthat______.A.sheusesEnglishinforeigntradeB.sheisfascinatedbylanguagesC.sheworksasatranslatorD.sheisawriterbyprofession【答案】D【解析】推理理解題?！皌rade〞本身就有“職業(yè)，行業(yè)〞之意，加之文章第一段和最后一段都談到了作者是一名作家。42.Theauthorusedtothinkofhermother’sEnglishas______.A.impoliteB.amusingC.imperfectD.practical【答案】C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。答案見第三自然段。43.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtoParagraph3?A.AmericansdonotunderstandbrokenEnglish.B.Theauthor’smotherwasnotrespectedsometimes.C.Theauthor’motherhadpositiveinfluenceonher.D.BrokenEnglishalwaysreflectsimperfectthoughts.【答案】B【解析】理解判斷題。由第三自然段最后一句話可知。44.Theauthorgraduallyrealizeshermother’sEnglishis_____.A.wellstructuredB.intheoldstyleC.easytotranslateD.richinmeaning【答案】D【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由本文最后一句話可知。45.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Thechangesoftheauthor’sattitudetohermother’sEnglish.B.Thelimitationoftheauthor’sperceptionofhermother.C.Theauthor’smisunderstandingof“l(fā)imited〞English.D.Theauthor’sexperiencesofusingbrokenEnglish.【答案】A【解析】主旨大意題。由開始對(duì)母親語(yǔ)言的批判到最后認(rèn)為母親語(yǔ)言的豐富性，全文主要圍繞母親的語(yǔ)言來(lái)展開。CTensofthousandsoftheatreticketswillbegivenawaytoyoungpeoplenextyearaspartofagovernmentcampaigntoinspirealifelonglovefortheatre.Theplantoofferfreeseatstopeopleagedbetween18to26—fundedwith￡2.5millionoftaxpayers’money—wasannouncedyesterdaybyAndyBurnham,theCultureSecretary.Itreceivedacautiouswelcomefromsomeintheartsworld,whoexpressedconcernthattheticketsmaynotreachthemostunderprivileged.TheplancomesasWestEndtheatresareenjoyingrecordaudiences,thankslargelytomusicalsteamingupwithtelevisiontalentshows.Attendancesreached.13.6millionin2007,up10percenton2006,itselfarecordyear.Totalsaleswereup18percenton2006toalmost￡470million.OnetheatresourcecriticizedtheGovernment’spriorities〔優(yōu)先考慮的事〕infundingfreeticketswhenpensionerswerestrugglingtobuyfoodandfuel,saying:“Idon’tknowwhytheGovernment’swastingmoneyonthis.TheYongVic,asTheTimesreportedtoday,offersexcellentperformancesatcheapprices.〞TherewaspraisefortheGovernment’splanfromDominicCookeoftheRoyalCourtTheatre,whosaid:“Isupportanymovetogetyoungpeopleintotheatre,andespeciallyonethataimstodoitalloverEngland,notjustinNinety-fivepubliclyfundedtheatrescouldapplyforfundingunderthetwo-yearplan.Inreturn,theywillofferfreeticketsonatleastonedayeachweekto18to26-year-olds,first-come,first-served.ItislikelytobeonMondays,traditionallyaquietnightforthetheatre.Mr.Burnhamsaid:“Ayoungpersonattendingthetheatrecanfinditanexcitingexperience,andbeinspiredtoexploreanewworld.Butsometimespeoplemissoutonitbecausetheyfearit’s‘notforthem’.It’stimetochangethisperception.〞JeremyHunt,theShadowCultureSecretary,said:“Therealissueisnotgettingenthusiasticchildrenintothetheatre,butimprovingartseducationsothatmoreyoungpeoplewanttogointhefirstplace.Fortoomanychildrentheatresareano-goarea.〞46.Criticsoftheplanarguedthat______.A.thetheatreswouldbeovercrowdedB.itwouldbeawasteofmoneyC.pensionerswouldn’tgetfreeticketsD.thegovernmentwouldn’tbeabletoaffordit【答案】B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。答案見第四自然段。47.Accordingtothesupporters,theplanshould______.A.benefitthetelevisionindustryB.focusonproducingbetterplaysC.helpincreasethesalesofticketsD.involvealltheyoungpeopleinEngland【答案】D【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解判斷。答案見第五自然段。48.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabouttheplan?A.Ninety-fivetheatreshavereceivedfunding.B.Everyonewillgetatleastonefreeticket.C.Itmaynotbenefitalltheyoungpeople.D.Freeticketsareofferedonceeveryday.【答案】C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解判斷題。由第六自然段第一句話可知A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，由第二自然段第一句話可知B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，由第五自然段可知C項(xiàng)正確，由第六自然段第二句話可知D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。49.WecaninferfromthepassagethatinEngland______.A.manyplaysarenotforyoungpeopleB.manyyoungpeopledon’tliketheatreC.peopleknowlittleabouttheplanD.childrenusedtoreceivegoodartseducation【答案】B【解析】推理判斷題。由文章第一自然段及最后一段最后一句話可知。50.Accordingtothepassage,theissuetoofferfreeticketstoyoungpeopleseems______.A.controversialB.inspiringC.excitingD.unreasonable【答案】A【解析】推理判斷題。通觀全文，有支持者有反對(duì)者，所以是有爭(zhēng)議的。DNexttimeacustomercomestoyouroffice,offerhimacupofcoffee.Andwhenyou’redoingyourholidayshoppingonline,makesureyou’reholdingalargeglassoficedtea.Thephysicalsensation〔感覺(jué)〕ofwarmthencouragesemotionalwarmth,whileacolddrinkinhandpreventsyoufrommakingunwisedecisions—thosearethepracticallessonbeingdrawnfromrecentresearchbypsychologistJohnA.Bargh.Psychologistshaveknownthatoneperson’sperception〔感知〕ofanother’s“warmth〞isapowerfuldeterminerinsocialrelationships.Judgingsomeonetobeeither“warm〞or“cold〞isaprimaryconsideration,eventrumpingevidencethata“cold〞personmaybemorecapable.Muchofthisisrootedinveryearlychildhoodexperiences,Barghargues,whenbabies’conceptualsenseoftheworldaroundthemisshapedbyphysicalsensations,particularlywarmthandcoldness.ClassicstudiesbyHarryHarlow,publishedin1958,showedmonkeyspreferredtostayclosetoacloth“mother〞r(shí)atherthanonemadeofwire,evenwhenthewire“mother〞carriedafoodbottle.Harlow’sworkandlaterstudieshaveledpsychologiststostresstheneedforwarmphysicalcontactfromcaregiverstohelpyoungchildrengrowintohealthyadultswithnormalsocialskills.Feelingsof“warmth〞and“coldness〞insocialjudgmentsappeartobeuniversal.Althoughnoworldwidestudyhasbeendone,Barghsaysthatdescribingpeopleas“warm〞or“cold〞iscommontomanycultures,andstudieshavefoundthoseperceptionsinfluencejudgmentindozensofcountries.Totesttherelationshipbetweenphysicalandpsychologicalwarmth,Barghconductedanexperimentwhichinvolved41collegestudents.Aresearchassistantwhowasunawareofthestudy’shypotheses〔假設(shè)〕,handedthestudentseitherahotcupofcoffee,oracolddrink,toholdwhiletheresearcherfilledoutashortinformationform:Thedrinkwasthenhandedback.Afterthat,thestudentswereaskedtoratethepersonalityof“PersonA〞basedonaparticulardescription.ThosewhohadbrieflyheldthewarmdrinkregardedPersonAaswarmerthanthosewhohadheldtheiceddrink.“Wearegroundedinourphysicalexperiencesevenwhenwethinkabstractly,〞saysBargh.51.AccordingtoParagraph1,aperson’semotionmaybeaffectedby______.A.thevisitorstohisofficeB.thepsychologylessonshehasC.hisphysicalfeelingofcoldnessD.thethingshehasboughtonline【答案】C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)推理題。由“hephysicalsensation(感覺(jué))ofwarmthencouragesemotionalwarmth,whileacolddrinkinhandpreventsyoufrommakingunwisedecisions〞一句可知。52.TheauthormentionsHarlow’sexperimenttoshowthat______.A.adultsshoulddevelopsocialskillsB.babiesneedwarmphysicalcontactC.caregiversshouldbehealthyadultsD.monkeyshavesocialrelationships【答案】B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)推理題。答案見第二自然段最后一句話。53.InBargh’sexperiment,thestudentswereaskedto______.A.evaluatesomeone’spersonalityB.writedowntheirhypothesesC.filloutapersonalinformationformD.holdcoffeeandcolddrinkalternatively【答案】A【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由“thestudentswereaskedtoratethepersonalityof“PersonA〞basedonaparticulardescription.〞一句可知。54.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat______.A.abstractthinkingdoesnotcomefromphysicalexperiencesB.feelingsofwarmthandcoldnessarestudiedworldwideC.physicaltemperatureaffectshowweseeothersD.capablepersonsareoftencoldtoothers【答案】C【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文所述，且在第一和第二自然段中都有明確論述。55.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.DrinkingforBetterSocialRelationships.B.ExperimentsofPersonalityEvaluation.C.DevelopingBetterDrinkingHabits.D.PhysicalSensationsandEmotions.【答案】D【解析】主旨大意題。本文第一自然段就已點(diǎn)明本文的主題思想。第II卷本卷須知:1.用黑色墨水的鋼筆或簽字筆將答案寫在簽題卡上.2.本卷共6小題,共35分.第三局部:寫作第一節(jié):閱讀表達(dá)〔共5小題;每題2分,總分值10分〕閱讀下面短文,并按照題目要求用英語(yǔ)答復(fù)以下問(wèn)題.AlmosteverybodyinAmericawillspendapartofhisorherlifebehindashoppingcart〔購(gòu)物手推車〕.Theywill,inalifetime,pushthechrome-platedcontraptionsmanymiles.Butfewwillknow—oreventhinktoask—whoitwasthatinventedthem.SylvanN.Goldmaninventedtheshoppingcartin1937.Atthattimehewasinthesupermarketbusiness.Everydayhewouldseeshopperslugging〔吃力地?cái)y帶〕groceriesaroundinbasketstheyhadtocarry.OnedayGoldmansuddenlyhadtheideaofputtingbasketsonwheels.Thewheeledbasketswouldmakeshoppingmucheasierforhiscustomers,andwouldhelptoattractmorebusiness.OnJune4,1937,Goldman’sfirstcartswerereadyforuseinhismarket.Hewasterriblyexcitedonthemorningofthatdayascustomersbeganarriving.Hecouldn’twaittoseethemusinghisinvention.ButGoldmanwasdisappointed.Mostshoppersgavethecartsalonglook,buthardlyanybodywouldgivethematry.Afterawhile,Goldmandecidedtoaskcustomerswhytheyweren’tusinghiscarts.“Don’tyouthinkthisarmisstrongenoughtocarryashoppingbasket?〞oneshopperreplied.ButGoldmanwasn’tbeatenyet.Heknewhiscartswouldbeagreatsuccessifonlyhecouldpersuadepeopletogivethematry.Tothisend,Goldmanhiredagroupofpeopletopushcartsaroundhismarketandpretendtheywereshopping!Seeingthis,therealcustomersgraduallybegancopyingthephony〔假冒的〕customers.AsGoldmanhadhoped,thecartsweresoonattractinglargerandlargernumbersofcustomerstohismarket.Butnotonlydidmorepeoplecome—thosewhocameboughtmore.Withlarger,easier-to-handlebaskets,customersunconsciouslyboughtagreaternumberofitemsthanbefore.Today’sshoppingcartsarefivetimeslargerthanGoldman’soriginalmodel.Perhapsthat’sonereasonAmericanstodayspendmorethanfivetimesasmuchmoneyonfoodeachyearastheydidbefore1937—beforethecomingoftheshoppingcart.56.Theunderlinedwords“chrome-platecontraptions〞inParagraph1referto______.〔Nomorethan3words〕【答案】shoppingcarts【解析】詞義猜想題。由上句apartofhisorherlifebehindashoppingcart〔購(gòu)物手推車〕可以得出談的是.購(gòu)物手推車。57.WhatwasthepurposeofGoldman’sinvention?〔Nomorethan10words〕【答案】Itwastomakeshoppingeasierandattractmorebusiness.【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解表達(dá)。由二段的Everydayhewouldseeshopperslugging〔吃力地?cái)y帶〕groceries和第三段可知他做購(gòu)物手推車的目的。58.WhywasGoldmandisappointedatfirst?〔Nomorethan10words〕【答案】Becausefewcustomersusedhiscarts.【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解表達(dá)。由第五段可知。59.WhydidGoldmanhirepeopletopushcartsaroundhismarket?〔Nomorethan10words〕【答案】Becausehewantedtopromotehisshoppingcarts.【解析】細(xì)節(jié)推理表達(dá)題。由第七段關(guān)鍵詞persuadepeopletogivethematry.可知。60.WhatdoyouthinkofGoldman?Pleasegiveyourreasons.〔Nomorethan20words〕【答案】Hewasasmartbusinessman.Heinventedtheshoppingcartandmadeitacceptedbycustomers.Or:Hewassmartbutheshouldn’thaveusedtrickstoattractcustomers.【解析】主旨大意表達(dá)題。通讀全文把握大意，本文主要介紹Goldman和他的購(gòu)物手推車。第二節(jié)：書面表達(dá)〔總分值25分〕61.假設(shè)你是晨光中學(xué)的學(xué)生會(huì)主席李華。學(xué)生會(huì)將舉辦每年一度的英語(yǔ)演講比賽，本年度的主題為“TheEnglishNovelILikeBest〞。作為組織者，你將在演講比賽開幕時(shí)發(fā)言，請(qǐng)你根據(jù)以下提示用英語(yǔ)寫一篇發(fā)言稿。1.說(shuō)明比賽的意義，如提高英語(yǔ)聽說(shuō)能力，養(yǎng)成讀書的習(xí)慣等；2.說(shuō)明比賽的本卷須知，如每人演講不超過(guò)5分鐘，語(yǔ)言流利，發(fā)音準(zhǔn)確等；3.預(yù)祝比賽圓滿成功。注意：詞數(shù)：不少于100詞；可適當(dāng)參加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；發(fā)言稿的開頭和結(jié)尾已為你寫好，不計(jì)入詞數(shù)。Goodafternoon,ladiesandgentlemen,Welcometothisyear’sEnglishspeechcompetition.此處不能答題Thankyou!第二節(jié)評(píng)分原那么此題總分為25分，按5個(gè)檔次給分評(píng)分時(shí)，先根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容和語(yǔ)言初步確定其所屬檔次，然后以該檔次的要求來(lái)衡量，確定或調(diào)整檔次，最后綜合給分。詞數(shù)少于100的，從總分中減去2分。評(píng)分時(shí)，應(yīng)注意的主要內(nèi)容為：內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)、應(yīng)用詞匯和語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)的數(shù)量和準(zhǔn)確性、上下文的連貫性及語(yǔ)言的得體性。拼寫與標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)是語(yǔ)言準(zhǔn)確性的一個(gè)方面。每錯(cuò)誤書寫3個(gè)單詞從總分中減去1分，原那么上不超過(guò)3分，重復(fù)的不計(jì)。英、美拼寫及詞匯用法均可接受。標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)錯(cuò)誤，將視其對(duì)交際的影響程度酌情減分。如書寫較差，以至影響交際，將分?jǐn)?shù)降低一個(gè)檔次。內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)說(shuō)明比賽的意義，如提高英語(yǔ)聽說(shuō)能力，養(yǎng)成讀書的習(xí)慣等；說(shuō)明比賽的本卷須知，如每人演講不超過(guò)5分鐘，語(yǔ)言流利，發(fā)音準(zhǔn)確等；預(yù)祝比賽圓滿成功。各檔次給分范圍和要求：分?jǐn)?shù)檔文章內(nèi)容應(yīng)用的語(yǔ)言結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯詞匯和語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤語(yǔ)句間的銜接和連貫整體效果第五檔21~25分〔很好〕覆蓋所有內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)較多有些許錯(cuò)誤，但為盡力使用較復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)或較高級(jí)詞匯所致；具備較強(qiáng)的語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力。有效使用銜接手段，全文結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊。完全到達(dá)了預(yù)期的寫作目的。第四檔16~20分〔好〕雖漏掉1、2個(gè)次重點(diǎn)，但覆蓋所有主要內(nèi)容。能滿足任務(wù)要求。根本，些許錯(cuò)誤主要因嘗試復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯所致。應(yīng)用了簡(jiǎn)單的連接成分，使全文結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊。到達(dá)了預(yù)期的寫作目的。第三檔11~15分〔一般〕雖漏掉一些內(nèi)容，但覆蓋所有主要內(nèi)容。能根本滿足任務(wù)要求。有些錯(cuò)誤，但不影響理解。應(yīng)用了簡(jiǎn)單的連接成分，使全文內(nèi)容連貫。根本本到達(dá)了預(yù)期的寫作目的。第二檔6~10分〔較差〕漏掉或未描述清楚一些主要內(nèi)容，有一些無(wú)關(guān)內(nèi)容。語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)單調(diào)，詞匯有限。有錯(cuò)誤，影響了對(duì)寫作內(nèi)容的理解。較少使用語(yǔ)句間的連接成分，內(nèi)容缺少連貫性。信息未能清楚地傳達(dá)給讀者。第一檔1~5分〔差〕明顯遺漏主要內(nèi)容，寫了一些無(wú)關(guān)的內(nèi)容，可能未理解試題要求。語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)單調(diào)，詞匯工程有限。較多錯(cuò)誤，影響了對(duì)寫作內(nèi)容的理解。缺乏語(yǔ)句間的連接成分，內(nèi)容不連貫。信息未能傳達(dá)給讀者。0分未能傳達(dá)給讀者任何信息；內(nèi)容太少，無(wú)法評(píng)判；寫的內(nèi)容均與所要求內(nèi)容無(wú)關(guān)或所寫內(nèi)容無(wú)法看清。說(shuō)明內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)可用不同方式表達(dá)。對(duì)緊扣主題的適當(dāng)發(fā)揮不予扣分。文章內(nèi)容須符合邏輯，語(yǔ)言得體。【參考范文】略【解析】此題屬于提綱式作文，體裁為應(yīng)用文中的演講稿，題材內(nèi)容貼近學(xué)生生活，給出要點(diǎn)表述較全，題的難度較小。【寫作思路】1、學(xué)生在寫作時(shí)對(duì)所給要點(diǎn)逐一陳述，適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，不要逐條翻譯，語(yǔ)言不要太書面化。2、正確運(yùn)用關(guān)聯(lián)詞，使上下文聯(lián)系更加密切，邏輯性強(qiáng)。3、注意要使所寫內(nèi)容和原文所給出的開頭、結(jié)尾處銜接自然，渾然一體。第III卷本卷須知：答第III卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考號(hào)填寫在答題卡上，并在規(guī)定位置粘貼考試用條形碼。做題時(shí)，先將答案劃在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。