【練習】仁愛版初中英語講義九年級被動語態(tài)的講解和練習

被動語態(tài)開心開心刻二、（1）題講一、導入孩子弄的大人沒脾氣兒子問老公：張飛他媽姓什么？老公：不知道。兒子：笨，姓吳，無事生非（吳氏生飛）都不知道。兒子再問：張飛他爸姓什么？老公思索半天，猛拍腦門：姓惹，惹事生非！兒子狂笑：笨死了！姓張！你不跟你爸姓呀?！顚ｎ}1： 被動語態(tài)1、語態(tài)概述我吃了一個蘋果，那現(xiàn)在蘋果怎樣了？蘋果被我吃了。正如漢語中的被字句，英語中的“被字句”我們稱之為被動語態(tài)。英語中有兩種語態(tài)：主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。英語的語態(tài)是通過動詞形式的變化表現(xiàn)出來的。2、五種基本句型結(jié)構之一：主+謂+賓E.g:Ieatanapple.Tomplaysbasketball.（注:在“主+謂+賓”結(jié)構中，主語是動作的執(zhí)行者，賓語是動作的承受者。）3、被動語態(tài)謂語結(jié)構：bedone（過去分詞）

.主動語態(tài)：主語是動作的執(zhí)行者fe.g.：ManypeoplespeakChinese.一.被動語態(tài)：主語是動作的承受者e.g.：Chineseisspokenbymanypeople.被動語態(tài)變化模式如圖:Theymakethebikesinthefactory.Thebikesaremadebytheminthefactory.4、被動語態(tài)的使用情況：1）、當不知道誰是動作的執(zhí)行者時；Somenewcomputerswerestolenlastnight.一些新電腦在昨晚被盜了。（不知道電腦是誰偷的）2）、沒有必要或不想指出誰是動作的執(zhí)行者時；Thedoorwasopened.（沒有必要指出誰是動作的執(zhí)行者）3）、只需強調(diào)動作的承受者時。Thewindowwasbrokenbymike.窗戶是邁克打破的。5、各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構:bedone（總結(jié)構）

時態(tài)主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時do\doesam\is\are+done一般過去時didwas\were+done現(xiàn)在進行時am\is\are+doingam\is\are+being+done過去進行時was\were+doingwas\were+being+done一般將來時will+dowillbe+done現(xiàn)在完成時have\has+donehave\has+been+done有情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞+do情態(tài)動詞+be+done6、主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)步驟：1.判斷時態(tài)：思考這種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構。2主變賓：主動語態(tài)句子中的賓語變被動語態(tài)句子中的主語（同時賓變主）。.謂動變被動：把謂語動詞變成被動結(jié)構（be+done）.主語放by后，主格變賓格：把主動語態(tài)中的主語放在介詞by（被）之后，將主格變?yōu)橘e格。e.g.：1、Allthepeoplelaughedathim.Hewaslaughedatbyallpeople.2、HecutsdownatreeAtreeiscutdownbyhim.3、Iameatinganapple.Anappleisbeingeatenbyme.4、TheygrowriceinSouthChina.RiceisgrowninSouthChina.5、Theywilldotheirhomeworktomorrow.Theirhomeworkwillbedonebythemtomorrow.7、含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)含有情態(tài)動詞的主動句變成被動句時，由“情態(tài)動詞+be+過去分詞”構成，原來帶to的情態(tài)動詞變成被動語態(tài)后“to”仍要保留。(歌訣是：情態(tài)動詞變被動，情態(tài)加be，力口“過分”。)e.g：1.Wecanrepairthiswatchintwodays.Thiswatchcanberepairedbyusintwodays..Hemustfinishthisworksoon.Thisworkmustbefinishedbyhimsoon..Weshouldplanttreesinspring.Treesshouldbeplantedbyusinspring.初中階段可用于被動語態(tài)的情態(tài)動詞有：can(bedone)能夠被…may(bedone)可以'能被…must(bedone)必須被…need(bedone)需要被…should(bedone)應該被…三、漢語中含有“據(jù)說”、“據(jù)悉”、“有人說”、“大家說”等時。例如:Itissaidthatonedayheclimbedtothetopofahouseand ItwasreportedthathermotherdiedofSARS.眾所周知 Itiswellknownthat…據(jù)推測說 Itissupposedthat…三、漢語中含有“據(jù)說”、“據(jù)悉”、“有人說”、“大家說”等時。例如:Itissaidthatonedayheclimbedtothetopofahouseand ItwasreportedthathermotherdiedofSARS.眾所周知……Itiswellknownthat…據(jù)推測說……Itissupposedthat…四、漢語中含有“被”、“由”等詞時。例如:TinaisaskedtocomebyPaul.Tina是被Paul叫來的。五、某些句子習慣上用被動語態(tài)。例如：HewasborninOctober,1989.四、鞏固練習

一、單選：( )1.Theflowersoften.A.mustbewater B.mustbewateredC.mustwatered D.mustwater( )2.Thebooksmayfortwoweeks.A.bekept B.beborrowedC.keep D.borrow( )3.ThebrokenbikeherebyMrSmith.A.canmendB.canmendedC.canbemendD.canbemended( )4.NowthesemagazinesA.havekeptC.havebeenkeeping( )5.ThepotforhotwaterA.used;keepingC.isused;tokeep( )4.NowthesemagazinesA.havekeptC.havebeenkeeping( )5.ThepotforhotwaterA.used;keepingC.isused;tokeep( )6.TeainthesouthofChelibraryforalongtime.B.arekeepingD.havebeenkeptB.wasused;keepingD.areused;keepA.growsisgrownweregrownD.willA.growsisgrownweregrownD.willgrow( )7.Thebridgestwoyearsago.A.isbuilt B.built C.werebuilt D.wasbuilt( )8.Thebike500yuan.A.wascost B.costed C.cost D.iscosted( )9.--Kategotherdriver,slicenseyesterday.--Ithink15-year-oldsdrive.Theyarenotcalmenough.A.shouldbeallowednotto B.shouldallowtoC.shouldn,tbeallowedto D.shouldbeallowedto( )10.ThePeople'sRepublicofChinaonOctober1,1949.A.found B.wasfoundedC.isfoundedD.wasfound五、拓展訓練一、將下列主動句轉(zhuǎn)換成被動句

Theteachertoldhimnottowastetimeonplayingcomputergames.Theworkersarebuildinganewrailwaybetweenthetwocities.Theyshoulddoitrightnow.TheynamedtheboyJohnson.Themonsterletthelittlegirlcleanthecave..6.eopleinthetownlaughatMikeforhisfancydress..Wecan'tdoitinyoneda.Youngpeoplemusttakegoodcareofoldpeople當堂過手訓練(快練五分鐘，穩(wěn)準建奇功！)一、單選：( )1.EnglishinCanada.A.speaksarespokenisspeakingisspokenA.speaksarespokenisspeakingisspoken( )2.ThisEnglishsongbythegirlsafterclass.A.oftensingsB.oftensangisoftensangisoftenA.oftensingsB.oftensangisoftensangisoftensung)3.ThiskindofcarinJapan.A,makesmadeismakingismadeA,makesmadeismakingismade)4.Newcomputersallovertheworld.isusedareusingareusedhaveusedisusedareusingareusedhaveused)5.Ourroommustclean.A.keepbekepttobekepttokeepA.keepbekepttobekepttokeep)6.Doctorsineverypartoftheworld.A.needareneedingareneededwillneedA.needareneedingareneededwillneedB.ispublishing)7.Hisnewbooknextmonth.B.ispublishingAwillbepublishedisbeingpublishedhasbeenpublishedisbeingpublishedhasbeenpublished)8.Japaneseineverycountry.A.isnotspokenB.arespokenC.isspeakingD.isnotspeaking( )9.Thesepapers yet.A.havenotwrittenB.havenotbeenwrittenC.hasnotwrittenA.isnotspokenB.arespokenC.isspeakingD.isnotspeaking( )9.Thesepapers yet.A.havenotwrittenB.havenotbeenwrittenC.hasnotwrittenD.hasnotbeenwritten初中英語不規(guī)則動詞表1.AAA動詞原形過去式過去分詞

cost[kost]cost[kost]cost[kost]花費cut[kAt]cut[kAt]cut[kAt]割，切hurt[h:t]hurt[h:t]hurt[h:t]受傷hit[hit]hit[hit]hit[hit]打，撞let[let]let[let]let[let]讓put[put]put[put]put[put]放下read[ri:d]read[ri:d]read[ri:d]讀set[set]set[set]set[set]安排，安置spread[spred]spread[spred]spread[spred]展開，傳播，涂spit[spit]spit/spat[spit]spit/spat[spit]吐痰，shutQfAt]shut[JAt]shutQfAt]關上，閉起，停止營業(yè)2.ABB動詞原形過去式過去分詞beat[bi:t] beat[bi:t] beaten['bi:tn] 打敗3.ABA動詞原形過去式過去分詞become[bi'kAm]became[bi'keim]become[bi'kAm]變come[kAm]came[keim]come[kAm]來run[rAn]ran[r田n]run[rAn]跑4.ABB(1)在動詞原形后加一個輔音字母d,t或ed構成過去式或過去分詞。

動詞原形過去式過去分詞burn[b:n]burnt[b:nt]burnt[b:nt]燃燒deal[di:l]dealt[delt]dealt[delt]解決dream[dri:m]dreamed/dreamtdreamed/dreamt[dremt]做夢hear[hi]heard[h:d]heard[h:d]聽見hang['h田川hanged/hung[hA^]hanged/hung絞死，懸掛learn[l:n]learned/learnt[l:nt]learned/learnt[l:nt]學習light['lait]lit/lighted[lit]lit/lighted[lit]點燃，照亮mean[mi:n]meant[ment]meant[ment]意思prove[pru:v]provedproven/proved['pru:vn]證明，證實，試驗shine[Jain]shone/shinedshone/shined[fun,Jbn]使照耀，使發(fā)光show[fu]showedshowed/shown[Tun]展示，給…看smell[smel]smelled/smelt[smelt]smelled/smelt[smelt]聞，嗅speed[spi:dsped[sped]/speesped/speeded[sped]加速2?

]dedspell[spel]spelled/spelt[spelt]spelled/spelt[spelt]拼寫wake[weik]waked/woke[w。uk]waked/woken['w0ukon]醒來，叫醒，激發(fā)(2)把動詞原形的最后一個輔音字母“d”改為“t”構成過去式或過去分詞。動詞原形過去式過去分詞build[bild]built[bilt]built[bilt]建筑lend[lend]lent[lent]lent[lent]借給rebuild[,ri:'bild]rebuilt[,ri:'bilt]rebuilt[,ri:'bilt]改建，重建send[send]sent[sent]sent[sent]送spend[spend]spent[spent]spent[spent]花費(3)原形—ought—ought動詞原形過去式過去分詞bring[brig]brought[bro:t]brought[bro:t]帶來buy[bai]bought[bo:t]bought[bo:t]買fight[fait]foughtgt]fought[fo:t]打架think[Oigk]thought[0o:t]thought[0o:t]思考，想(4)原形—aught—aught動詞原形過去式過去分詞catch[k也帆caught[ko:t]caught[ko:t]捉,抓3

teach[ti:tf]（5）變其中一個taught[to:t]玩音字母taught[to:t]教動詞原形過去式過去分詞dig[dig]dug[dAg]dug[dAg]掘（土），挖（洞、溝等）feed[fi:d]fed[fed]fed[fed]喂find[faind]foundfound發(fā)現(xiàn)，找到get[get]got[got]got/gotten['gotn]得至4hold[huld]held[held]held[held]擁有，握住，支持lead[li:d]led[led]led[led]引導，帶領，領導meet[mi:t]met[met]met[met]遇見sit[sit]sat[s田t]sat[s田t]坐shoot[fu:t]shot[Jbt]shotQfot]射擊spit[spit]spit/spat[sp田t]spit/spat[sp田t]吐痰，stick[stik]stuck[stAk]stuck[stAk]插進，刺入，粘住，win[win]won[wAn]won[wAn]贏(6)原形一□lt/pt/ftT^t/pt/ft動詞原形過去式過去分詞4feel['fi:l]felt[felt]felt[felt]感到keep[ki:p]kept[kept]kept[kept]保持leave[li:v]left[left]left[left]離開sleep[sli:p]slept[slept]slept[slept]睡覺sweep[swi:p]swept[swept]swept[swept]掃(7)其它動詞原形過去式過去分詞lay[lei]laid[leid]laid[leid]下蛋，放置pay[pei]paid[peid]paid[peid]付say[sei]said[sed]said[sed]說stand[st田nd]stood[stud]stood[stud]站understandunderstood],And'st田nd]understood[,And'st田nd]明白lose[lu:z]10st[lost,lo:st]10st[lost,lo:st]失去have[hv]had[h田d,hd,d]had[h田d,hd,d]有make[meik]made[meid]made[meid]制造sell[sel]sold[suld]sold[suld]賣tell[tel]told[tuld]told[tuld]告訴retell[,ri:'tel]retold[,ri:'tuld]retold[,ri:'tuld]重講，重復，復述5.ABC(1)原形—過去式1原形+(e)n動詞原形過去式過去分詞5blow[blu]blew[blu:]blown吹drive[draiv]drove[druv]driven[drivn]駕駛draw[dro:]drew[dru:]drawn[dro:n]畫畫eat[i:t]ate[et,eit]eaten['i:tn]吃fallgl]Fell[fe]fallen['fo:ln]落下give[giv]gave[geiv]given['givn]給grow[gru]grew[gru:]grown[grun]生長forgive[f'giv]forgot[f'got]forgiven原諒，饒恕know[nu]knew[nju:,nu:]known知道m(xù)istake[mi'steik]mistook[mi'stuk]mistooken弄錯；誤解，overeat['uv'i:t]overate[,uv'reit]overeaten（使）吃過量prove[pru:v]provedproven/proved證明，證實，試驗take[teik]took[tuk]taken['teikn,'teikn]拿throw[Oru]threw[Oru:]thrown[Orun,'Orun]拋，扔ride[raid]rode[rud]ridden['ridn]騎s