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山東省濟南市濟北中學2021年高三英語期末試題含解析一、選擇題1.
ExpertssaythatLongtanhydropowerproject,China’sthirdlargest,willbe_________greathelpto_______floodcontrolandimprovingconditionforshipping.A.不填;the
B.a;不填
C.a;the
D.the;the參考答案:B2.—WhatdoesJohnsonthinkabouttheproposal?—He’sall
it.
A.on
B.to
C.for D.upon參考答案:C3.—Whatdoyouthinkofyourpreparationsforthefinalexams?—Notsogood.ActuallyIfeellike______forI’vemadelittleprogressinMaths.A.Danielinthelion’sden B.Achilles’heelC.agoodSamaritan D.asacredcow參考答案:B【詳解】考查情景對話?!湟猓耗阌X得你為期末考試做的準備怎么樣?——不太好。事實上,我覺得這是致命弱點,因為我在數(shù)學方面幾乎沒有進步。根據forI’vemadelittleprogressinMaths.可知這里意思是我覺得這是致命弱點,A.Danielinthelion’sden真金不怕火煉;
B.Achilles’heel致命弱點;C.agoodSamaritan樂善好施的人;D.asacredcow神圣之物,故選B。4.—Mum,whatareyougettingmeformybirthday?—________—you'llhavetowaitandsee.A.Ithinkso
B.I'lltellyouwhatC.Iwouldn'tsayno
D.I'mnottellingyou[來源參考答案:D5.WhenItalkedwithmygrandmaonthephone,shesoundedweak,butby
thetimewe______up,hervoicehadbeenfulloflife.
A.werehanging
B.hadhung
C.hung
D.wouldhang參考答案:C6.________makesourschoolfamousis________morethan90%ofthestudentshavebeenadmittedtouniversities.A.What;that B.That;becauseC.That;what D.What;because參考答案:A【詳解】考查名詞性從句。句意:讓我們學校出名的是百分之九十多的學生都被大學錄取。分析句式可知,第一空所在句子為主語從句,從句中缺少主語,結合句意可知,要用What引導;第二空是個表語從句,從句不缺成分,意思完整,因此要用that。故選A?!军c睛】名詞性從句關鍵在于三點:一、找準從句在主句中充當?shù)某煞旨捶殖鍪敲~性從句的主語句、賓語從句、表語從句還是同位語從句。二、連接詞從句中充當?shù)某煞郑ㄖ?、賓、定或狀語)三、弄清楚每個連接詞的意義。此外還要注意,近年來高考對于名詞性從句的考查多從名詞性從句的語序和連接詞的用法區(qū)別上考查。本題設置了兩個空,分別考查了主語從句和表語從句,但句式不是很復雜,結合句子所缺成分即連接詞充當?shù)某煞挚芍?,便可敲定選A。7.You______betired---you’veonlybeenworkingforanhour.
Amustnot
Bwon’tbe
Ccan’t
Dmaynot參考答案:C8.
—Mikeisoftenabsentfromclass.—Tellhimhe____________answerforitifhegoesonbehavinglikethat.A.shall
B.will C.should
D.could參考答案:A9.He,anaveragecitizen,alwaysthinksof_____herandomoreforthepeople.
A.how
B.why
C.what
D.which參考答案:A略10.—Smokinginpublicareasisprohibited.—
Smokingismoredangeroustopeoplearound.A.That'sallright!
B.ICan'tagreemore!C.Noway!
D.Forwhat?參考答案:B略11.GotoShanghai,andyouwillfindtheparkstheremoremagnificentthancommonly_______.A.supposing
B.supposed
C.tosuppose
D.suppose參考答案:B12.Jerryhaspromisedtokeepthesecret,sohewon’ttellanyoneeventhough______.A.askingto
B.tobeasked
C.toask
D.askedto參考答案:D13.Inyesterday’sbusinesstrainingcoursetheconsultantinstructedusthatagoodsalesmanmustbe______ifhewantstosucceed.A.aggressive
B.conventional
C.visual
D.fragrant參考答案:A14.Ifourparentsdoeverythingforuschildren,wewillnotlearntodependon________.
A.themselves
B.them
C.us
D.ourselves參考答案:D15.—____yougottoknowmytelephonenumber?—Throughafriendofyours.A.Whatwasitthat
B.Howdid
C.Wherewasit
D.Howwasitthat參考答案:D16.Peterwassoexcited
hereceivedaninvitationfromhisfriendtovisitChongqing.
A.where
B.that
C.why
D.when
參考答案:D。
解析:當皮特收到朋友的邀請來參觀重慶時,他非常的興奮。When引導了時間狀語從句,該題易誤選B。that不能作為答案的原因是前后的邏輯關系不成立。
17.When____,thebuildingswillbeusedasaschoolforchildrenfromfloodareas.A.completed
B.completingC.tobecompleted
D.iscompleted參考答案:A
本題考查省略。原句為:when(theyare)completed.當主從句主語一致時,或從句主語為it,且從句中含有be動詞,則可以省略從句中的主語及be動詞,構成主從句省略。18.Youcan’tcomplainaboutbeingleftout______youdon’tmakeanyefforttoshareyourjoysandsorrowswithothers.
A.once
B.unless
C.when
D.though參考答案:C二、短文改錯19.假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文,文中共有10處錯誤,每句中最多有兩處。錯誤涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加:在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧),并在此符號下面寫出該加的詞。刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。修改:在錯的詞下劃一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意:1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞;2.只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計分。IliketravellingandmydreamofpayingavisitforBeijing,thecapitalcityofourcountry,cometrueduringtheNationalDayholidaysthisyear.OnOctober1st,IwenttoTian’anmenSquarewithmyparents,therewewatchedaflag-raisingceremony.AsIwatchedtheflagrisingslowly,Isanganationalanthem,tomusic,feelextremelyexcited.Thenwewenttosomeotherfamoustouristattraction,liketheGreatWall.StandingontheGreatWall,Ifeltveryproudly.Ithoughttheoldsayingthat"HewhodonotreachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman."AlthoughIwastired,butIreallyhadagoodtime.參考答案:IliketravellingandmydreamofpayingavisitforBeijing,thecapitalcityofourcountry,
to
cometrueduringtheNationalDayholidaysthisyear.OnOctober1st,IwenttoTian’anmencameSquarewithmyparents,therewewatchedaflag-raisingceremony.AsIwatchedtheflagrising
where
theslowly,Isanganationalanthem,tomusic,feelextremelyexcited.Thenwewenttosomeother
feelingfamoustouristattraction,liketheGreatWall.StandingontheGreatWall,Ifeltveryproudly.I
attractions
proudthought∧theoldsayingthat"HewhodonotreachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman."Although
of
doesIwastired,butIreallyhadagoodtime.去掉本文介紹了作者去北京旅游,去各個風景名勝參觀的情景。考查固定用法。Payavisitto參觀,是固定用法,所以for—to。考查時態(tài)。發(fā)生在過去的事情,用一般過去時,所以come—came??疾槎ㄕZ從句。wherewewatchedaflag-raisingceremony.是一個定語從句,關系詞在從句中作地點狀語,所以用關系副詞where,there--where??疾楣谠~。特指“國歌”,所以用定冠詞,a—the。考查非謂語動詞。feel與其邏輯主語I之間是主動關系,所以用現(xiàn)在分詞,feel—feeling。考查固定用法。touristattractions旅游景點,是固定用法,所以attraction—attractions??疾樾稳菰~。感官動詞feel之后,用形容詞作表語,proudly—proud??疾楣潭ǘ陶Z。我想起了這句老話,不到長城非好漢。thinkof想起,是固定短語,thought后加of.考查主謂一致。whodoesnotreachtheGreatWall是一個定語從句,修飾先行詞He,關于詞在從句中作主語,關系詞替代先行詞,先行詞是單數(shù),所以do—does??疾楣潭ńY構。Although與but不能連用,所以去掉but。三、閱讀理解20.Tinyastheyare,batshavetheabilityto“see”inthedarkbyusingaspecialskillcalledecholocation(回聲定位法).Theymakenoisesandwaitforsoundwaves,oranecho,tobounce(反彈)backoffobjects.Theycantellthedistanceofvariousobjectsbyhowquicklythesoundwavesbouncebackoffthem.Ifnosoundbouncesback,theycanthenflyforward.Thisspecialabilityhasbeensimulatedinthehumanworldforalongtime,suchasinsubmarinesandplanes,whosesonar(聲吶)systemsaresomewhatsimilartoecholocation.Butapartfromhelpingvehicles“see”wheretheyare,whatifblindpeoplecoulduseecholocationforthemselves?Itturnsout,somealreadyare.AmericanDanielKish,whoisblind,isknownas“Batman”.Thisisn’tbecausehewalksaroundinacapeandamask,butbecausehehasabat-likeabilitytolocatewhereheisthroughsharpclickshemakesbymovinghistongueagainsttheroofofhismouth.Kishissoskilledatecholocatingthathecanrideabikeandhikeonhisown.Recently,researchcarriedoutattheUniversityofDurhaminEnglandshedsomelightonthepowerofhumanecholocation.Kishworkedwithagroupofscientistswhostudiedthewayblindpeoplelistentotheechoesthattheyproducefromclicks.Theteam,whichconductedexperimentswithothervolunteers,foundthatpeoplewerecapableofhearingevenveryfaintechoes,onesfarfainterthanhadbeenpreviouslythought.SpeakingtoTheIndependent,LoreThaler,leadscientistofthegroup,said,“Wefoundthatinsomeconditions,theywerereallyfaint–about95percentsofterthantheactualclicks,buttheecholocatorswerestillabletosensethis.”AndrewKolarikoftheUniversityofCambridgeisanotherexpertinecholocation.ReactingtotheDurhamstudy,hetoldBBCNewsthatecholocation“canbeveryusefulatprovidinginformationatfaceorchestheight”andcouldhelppeople“avoidobjectslikelowhangingbranchesthatmightnotgetdetectedbythecaneoraguidedog”.AlthoughKish’sskillisremarkable,there’shopeforotherblindpeoplewhowanttouseecholocation.AccordingtoBBCNews,echolocationisaskillblindpeoplecanacquireanddevelop,justlikelearningalanguage.AsKolariksaid:“Teachingecholocationskillscouldprovideblindpeoplewiththemeansofexploringnewplaces.”51.Theunderlinedword“simulated”inParagraph2probablymeans_______.A.discovered
B.copiedC.improved
D.challenged52.HowdoesKishlocatewhereheis?A.Byusinghisgreatsenseofhearing.B.Bylisteningtotheechoesproducedbyhiscane.C.Viathe
echoesfromtheclickshemakeswithhistongue.D.Viathesonarsystemattachedtohisbody.53.WhatdidLoreThaler’steamfindfromtheirstudies?A.Itishardforecholocatorstosensefaintechoes.B.Humanscanecholocatebetterthanwethoughtwecould.C.Echolocatorscanpickupalltypesofechoes.D.Blindpeoplearebetterecholocatorsthanthosewhocansee.54.Accordingtothearticle,teachingecholocationtoblindpeople_______.A.willenablethemtogetridoftheircaneB.willimprovetheirabilitytolearnanewlanguageC.willopenupnewpossibilitiesforthemD.isnoteasytoputintopractice55.Whatisthearticlemainlyabout?A.Studiesonblindpeopleusingecholocation.B.Differenttypesofhumanecholocation.C.Theimportanceofhumanecholocation.D.Whybats’echolocationcouldbeusedbyhumans.參考答案:51.B
52.C
53.B
54.C
55.A【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了蝙蝠的回聲定位法被人類利用,研究發(fā)現(xiàn)人類也具有回聲定位的能力,而且比我們想象的要好,人類的這種能力可以為盲人服務,科學家對盲人使用回聲定位進行了研究?!?1題詳解】詞義猜測題。由下文可知潛水艇和飛機的聲吶系統(tǒng)和蝙蝠的回聲定位法相似,說明蝙蝠的這種能力在人類的生活中被模仿,所以simulate的意思是“模仿”,選項Bcopy意為“復制,抄襲”,與simulate意思最相近,discover意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)”;improve意為“提高”;challenge意為“挑戰(zhàn)”,這三項均不符合題意,故選B。【52題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段Thisisn’tbecausehewalksaroundinacapeandamask,butbecausehehasabat-likeabilitytolocatewhereheisthroughsharpclickshemakesbymovinghistongueagainsttheroofofhismouth.可知Kish通過舌頭抵住上顎發(fā)出的尖銳的咔噠聲來定位自己所在的位置,故選C?!?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第六段Theteam,whichconductedexperimentswithothervolunteers,foundthatpeoplewerecapableofhearingevenveryfaintechoes,onesfarfainterthanhadbeenpreviouslythought.可知人們甚至能夠聽到非常微弱的回聲,人類的回聲定位能力比我們想象的要好,故選B?!?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據文章最后一句話“Teachingecholocationskillscouldprovideblindpeoplewiththemeansofexploringnewplaces.”可知向盲人教授回聲定位技術可以為他們提供探索新地方的方法,即回聲定位法可以為盲人打開新的可能性,故選C?!?5題詳解】主旨大意題。文章講述了蝙蝠的回聲定位法被人類利用,研究發(fā)現(xiàn)人類也具有回聲定位的能力,而且比我們想象的要好,人類的這種能力可以為盲人服務,科學家對盲人使用回聲定位進行了研究。所以本文主要講的是對盲人使用回聲定位法的研究,故選A?!军c睛】近年來高考加大了猜測詞義題的考查,主要包括對生詞生義的推測、熟詞生義的推測以及對it/they/them/that/those等代詞指代對象的判斷等。做這種類型的題,要根據詞、詞組、句子所在的語境來判斷其意義,因此熟練掌握一些猜詞技巧是做好這類題的關鍵。猜測詞義時,要掌握以下解題技巧:根據上下文進行判斷:利用語境及前后的提示來猜測詞義。例如第一題猜測simulate的含義,由下文可知潛水艇和飛機的聲吶系統(tǒng)和蝙蝠的回聲定位法相似,說明蝙蝠的這種能力在人類的生活中被模仿,所以simulate的意思是“模仿”,選項Bcopy意為“復制,抄襲”,與simulate意思最相近,此題利用語境及前后的提示來猜測詞義。21.Ayoungmanwanderedthroughthedesertforfortyuntilhereachedabeautifulcastleatthetopofamountain.Therelivedthesagethathewaslookingfor.Withconsiderablepatience,thesagelistenedattentivelytothereasonfortheboy’svisit,buttoldhimthatatthatmomenthedidnothavetimetoexplaintohimthesecretofhappiness.Hesuggestedthattheyoungmantakeawalkaroundhispalaceandcomebackintwohours’time.“However,Iwanttoaskyouafavor,”headded,bandingtheboyateaspoon,inwhichhepouredtwodropsofoil.“Whileyouwalk,carrythisspoonanddon’tlettheoilspill.”Theyoungmanbegantoclimbupanddownthepalacestaircases,alwayskeepinghiseyesfixedonthespoon.Attheendoftwohourshereturnedtothepresenceofthewiseman.“So,”askedthesage,“didyouseethePersiantapestries(掛毯)hanginginmydiningroom?DidyouseethefantasticgardenthattheMasterofGardenersspenttenyearsincreating?”Embarrassed,theyoungmanadmittedthathehadseennothing.“So,gobackandseethewondersofmyworld,”saidthewiseman.“Youcan’ttrustamanifyoudon’tknowhishouse.”Nowmoreatease,theyoungmantookthespoonandwanderedagainthroughthepalace,thistimepayingattentiontoalltheworksofartthathungfromtheceilingsandwalls.Hesawthegardens,themountainsallaroundthepalace,andthedelicacyoftheflowers.Returningtothesage,hereportedindetailwhathehadseen.“ButwherearethetwodropsofoilthatIentrustedtoyou?”askedtheSage.Lookingdownatthespoon,theyoungmanrealizedthathehadspilledtheoil.“Well,thatistheonlyadviceIhavetogiveyou,”saidthesageofsages.“Thesecretofhappinessliesinlookingatallthewondersoftheworldandneverforgettingthetwodropsofoilinthespoon.”4.Whatwastheintentionoftheyoungmantotraveltolookforthesage?A.ToappreciatethemostbeautifulsceneryalongthewayB.ToexperienceadventuresoftheoutsideworldC.TofigureoutwhetherthesagewasknowledgeableornotD.Tolearnthesecretofhappinessfromthewisestman5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsiswrong?A.ThesagelistenedtotheyoungmanwithpatienceB.Duringhissecondroundofwandering,theyoungmanappreciatedthewondersofthecastleC.TheyoungmanmadeitasthesagehadexpectedD.Theyoungmanwastooconcernedabouttheoilwhenhefirstwentaroundthecastle6.Whydidthesageasktheyoungmantogoaroundhiscastlewithaspoonoft
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