2019屆甘肅省蘭州市高三二診英語試題（ 含答案解析 ）

第20頁/共20頁2019年蘭州市高三二診英語試題第一部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分,滿分30分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中,選出最佳選項。AMoviesnottomissIn2018,towhichwasjustsaidgoodbye,we’veseensomegoodfilmssuchasBlackPanther,CrazyRichAsiansandAStarIsBorn.Andtherearemoreexcitingmoviesintheworksfor2019.Spider-man:FarFromHome,July5,USTomHolland,theleadactorof2017’sSpider-Man:Homecoming,returnstoplayPeterParker,ahighschoolstudentwhogainssuperpowersafterbeingbittenbyaspider.Whenweseehimagainintheaters,Spider-Manwillhaveanewred-and-blacksuit.Themoviewilltakethefamouswall-crawleronaglobaladventureoutsideoftheUS.AccordingtoMarvelStudiosPresidentKevinFeige,Spider-Manwilltryareturntohis“normal”self;hewilltrytofindhisoldpowersonhisnewjourney.DirectedBy:JonWattsRuntime:100minutesStudio:ColumbiaPicturesTheLionKing,July19,USThisisabrand-newversionoftheclassicchildren’sfilm.Thestoryofwide-eyedyounglionSimbastillremainsinheartsofworldaudiencesevenafter25years.Inthisre-telling,SimbaagainbeginsthedifficultjourneytobecometheKingofthePrideLands,avastAfricagrassland.ThefavoritepartofthestoryformanyhasalwaysbeenthefriendshipbetweenSimbaTimonandPumbaa,ThelasttwosacrificealltheyhavetohelpSimbatohisthrone(王座).Howwillthenewmoviere-imaginetheirfamousrelationship?DirectedBy:JonFavreauRuntime:98minutesStudio:WaltDisneyPicturesHobbsandShaw,August2,USTomostpeopletheFastandFuriousseriesisallaboutcrazydriversracinginsportscars.Butinitsspin-off(外傳),calledHobbsandShaw,humorisaddedtotheaction-packedthrills.ThenewfilmwillhitUStheatersonAugust2.FamousEnglishactionmovieactorJasonStathamwillstaralongsideDwayneJohnson,“TheRock”,asDeckardShawandLukeHobbsrespectively,asintheirpreviousappearancesinFastandFuriousfilms.DirectedBy:DavidLeitchRuntime:120minutesStudio:UniversalPicturesArctic,September1,USInthemovieArctic,amantrappedintheArcticisfinallyabouttoreceivehislongawaitedrescue.However,afteratragicaccident,hisopportunityislost.Hemustthendecidewhethertoremainintherelativesafetyofhiscamportotryhisbesttosavehimself.DirectedBy:JoePennaRuntime:95minutesStudio:BleeckerStreet1.WhichmoviewasdirectedbyJonWatts?A.Arctic. B.TheLionKing.C.HobbsandShaw. D.Spider-man,FarFromHome.2.WhatisspecialaboutTheLionKing?A.Itlasts120minutes. B.ItwasshotintheArctic.C.suitableforchildren. D.Ithastwofamousactionmoviestars.3.WhencanyouwatchamoviemadebyUniversalPictures?AOnJuly5. B.OnAugust2. C.OnJuly19. D.OnSeptember1.【答案】1.D2.C3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了2019年幾部不能錯過的電影。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Spider-man:FarFromHome”部分中“DirectedBy:JonWatts(導(dǎo)演：喬恩·沃茨)”可知，Spider-man:FarFromHome的導(dǎo)演是JonWatts。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheLionKing部分中“Thisisabrand-newversionoftheclassicchildren’sfilm.(這是一部全新版本的經(jīng)典兒童電影)”可知，這部電影是專門為兒童制作的。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HobbsandShaw,August2,US部分中“Studio:UniversalPictures(制片公司：環(huán)球影業(yè))”可知，環(huán)球影業(yè)制片公司所制作的電影是8月2日上映。故選B。BInthepastdecade,theuseofsocialmediahasgrowninawaythatnoonecouldhaveguessed.Ithasturnedsometeenagersintocelebritiesandturnedthefamousintotheinfamous,overnight.Akeyfeatureofsocialmedia,however,isitsvolatility.Trendscomeandgo,disappearingalmostasquicklyastheyappeared.So,whatwerethekeysocialmediatrendsof2018?ShortvideoappssuchasTikTokanditsChineseequivalent(等同物)Douyin,tooktheworldbystorm.TheTelegraphreportedthatTikTokwasranked8thonApple'sAppstoreinApril.AndDouyinhadmorethan300milliondomesticmonthlyactiveusersinJuneathome,CNBCsaid.Whyaretheseshortvideos—whicharerarelylongerthanafewminutes—sopopular?JiangYige,Singapore-basedanalystatFengHeFundManagement,hasatheory.“Shortvideosarejustrighttofillinthelittlegapsinourbusyschedules，”hetoldCNBC.Thesevideos—apartfrombeingveryconvenient—areimportanttoteenagersbecausetheyallowthemtoexpressthemselves,accordingtoTeenVogue.LizaKoshy,auseroftheUSappMusical.lywhohasover2millionfollowers,said,“Thesenseofcommunitythatusersofshortvideoappsgetisanotherappealingfeature.”Livestreaming(直播)isafeatureofoursocialmedialifethatnowseemsasnaturalassunrise.It'saprettyneatidea:Youcanwatchanyone,anywhere,live.However,Chinahastakenlivestreamingtoawholenewlevel.InChina,morethan100millionviewersmonthlywatchalivestreamingvideo.Forbesthoughtthatanumberoffactorshadledtothepopularityoflivestreams.Amongthemisviewers'abilitytointeractwithunknownnames.However,thequickdevelopmentofsocialmediamaybehavingsideeffectstoo.Fakenewsisoneseriousproblemitcauses.Materialssharedontheseplatformsareoftennotcheckedforaccuracy.Themostbasiccontentcanbefalseandcanmisleadusersonewayoranother.Weusesocialmediaallthetime;thatdoesn'tmeanthatweunderstandtheinfluenceitishavingonus.Weshouldbemindfulofboththetimewespendonitanditsimpactonourminds.4.Theunderlinedword“volatility”inParagraph2possiblymeans“being________”.A.changeable B.steadyC.promising D.violent5.AccordingtoLizaKoshy,shortvideosareverypopularbecause________.A.theyareveryconvenientB.theyhelppeoplekilltimeC.theyprovideasenseofcommunityD.theyallowpeopletoexpressthemselves6.Whatdoweknowaboutsocialmedia?A.Theinformationfromsocialmediaistotallyreliable.B.Whenitcomestosocialmedia,peopleonlyknowshortvideos.C.Peoplecan'tcommunicatewitheachotherwithoutsocialmedia.D.Thereisstillmuchroomforsocialmediatomakeimprovement.7.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetothequickdevelopmentofsocialmedia?A.Objective. B.Subjective.C.Favorable. D.Disapproving.【答案】4.A5.C6.D7.A【解析】【分析】本文為說明文。在過去的十年里，社交媒體的使用以一種無人能猜到的方式增長。它把一些青少年變成了名人，一夜之間也可以讓名人臭名昭著，因此社交媒體的主要特征是其波動性。社交媒體受歡迎是因為它能填補一些繁忙日程中的空白，讓青少年獲得歸屬感等，但社交媒體的快速發(fā)展也可能產(chǎn)生副作用，如出現(xiàn)假新聞，平臺上共享的材料有可能錯誤等，還有很大的改進(jìn)空間?！?題詳解】猜測詞義題。劃線單詞所在的句子“Akeyfeatureofsocialmedia,however,isitsvolatility”的下一句“Trendscomeandgo,disappearingalmostasquicklyastheyappeared.”新潮流層出不窮，潮流的出現(xiàn)和消失的速度一樣快。由此可推斷出，社交媒體的運用作為一種潮流，社交媒體是波動的，變化的。分析選項A.changeable易變的，可變的；B.steady穩(wěn)定的；C.promising有前途的；D.violent暴力的，可知A項符合題意，故選A。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第六段LizaKoshy,auseroftheUSappMusical.lywhohasover2millionfollowers,said,“Thesenseofcommunitythatusersofshortvideoappsgetisanotherappealingfeature.”可知，莉莎·科希說短視頻應(yīng)用程序用戶獲得社區(qū)感是它的另一個吸引人的功能。可知莉莎·科希認(rèn)為視頻非常受歡迎是因為它能讓用戶有社區(qū)的歸屬感。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“However,thequickdevelopmentofsocialmediamaybehavingsideeffectstoo.Fakenewsisoneseriousproblemitcauses.Materialssharedontheseplatformsareoftennotcheckedforaccuracy.Themostbasiccontentcanbefalseandcanmisleadusersonewayoranother.”然而，社交媒體的快速發(fā)展也可能產(chǎn)生副作用。假新聞是它引起的一大嚴(yán)重問題。在這些平臺上共享的材料通常沒有檢查其準(zhǔn)確性。最基本的內(nèi)容可能是錯誤的，可能以這種或那種方式誤導(dǎo)用戶。由此判斷出，社交媒體還有很大的改進(jìn)空間。分析選項可知D項符合題意，故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)本文中的“TheTelegraphreportedthat...”、“Singapore-basedanalystatFengHeFundManagement,hasatheory.”、“LizaKoshy,auseroftheUSappMusical.lywhohasover2millionfollowers,said,”等可知，作者引用別人的觀點來說明社交媒體的益處。根據(jù)最后一段“However,thequickdevelopmentofsocialmediamaybehavingsideeffectstoo.”可知，然而，社交媒體的快速發(fā)展也可能產(chǎn)生副作用。由此可推斷出，作者對社交媒體的快速發(fā)展的態(tài)度是客觀的。故選A?！军c睛】推理判斷試題屬于高層次閱讀理解題。這種題型包括判斷題和推理題。這兩類題常常相互依存，推理是為了得出正確的判斷，正確的判斷又依賴于合乎邏輯的推理。如第3小題屬于推理判斷題。推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“However,thequickdevelopmentofsocialmediamaybehavingsideeffectstoo.Fakenewsisoneseriousproblemitcauses.Materialssharedontheseplatformsareoftennotcheckedforaccuracy.Themostbasiccontentcanbefalseandcanmisleadusersonewayoranother.”然而，社交媒體的快速發(fā)展也可能產(chǎn)生副作用。假新聞是它引起的一大嚴(yán)重問題。在這些平臺上共享的材料通常沒有檢查其準(zhǔn)確性。最基本的內(nèi)容可能是錯誤的，可能以這種或那種方式誤導(dǎo)用戶。由此可知，社交媒體還有很大的改進(jìn)空間。分析選項可知D項符合題意，故選D。推理判斷題要根據(jù)事實細(xì)節(jié)，推斷合理信息。推理題要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基礎(chǔ)上，作出一定判斷和推論，從而得到文章的隱含意義和深層意義。推理題所涉及的內(nèi)容可能是文中某一句話，也可是某幾句話，但做題的指導(dǎo)思想都是以文字信息為依據(jù)，既不能做出在原文中找不到文字根據(jù)的推理，也不能根據(jù)表面文字信息做多步推理。也就是說，要做到判斷有據(jù),推論有理,忠實原文。切忌用自己的觀點代替作者的本意，切忌片面思考，得出片面結(jié)論。CAnewchapteropenedinmankind’sexplorationofthemoononThursdaymorningasthefirstprobe(探測儀)tolandonthemoon’sfarsidereacheditsdestinationaftera26-dayjourney.TheChang’e4lunarprobe,representingChina’slateststepinlunarinvestigation,landedat10:26amattheVonKarmancrater(環(huán)形山)andthensentbackthreephotosofthelandingsiteshotbycamerasontheprobe’slander(著陸器),markingtheworld’sfirstimagestakenonthesurfaceofthefarside.Oneofthephotos,publishedbytheChinaNationalSpaceAdministration,showstheplacewhereChang’e4’srover(巡視器),whichwasnamedYutu2onThursdaynight,willbeheadingtoexploreandsurvey.ThusbeganthefirstlongjourneytothesideofthemoonthatfacesawayfromtheEarth.Itismeanttofulfillscientist’slong-helddesiretocloselyobservethelesserknownregion.Tidal(潮汐的)forcesonEarthslowthemoon’srotation(自轉(zhuǎn))tothepointthatthesamewaysfacesEarth.TheothersidemostofwhichisnevervisiblefromEarth,isthefarsideofthemoon.Whileithasbeenphotographedbyspacecraft,startingwithaSovietprobein1959,noprobehadevermadeasoftlandingthere,soscientistshadnotbeenabletoconductsurface-levelobservationsandsurveysoftheregion.WuWeiren,chiefdesignerofChina’slunarprogram,saidinBeijingonThursdaythatthelanding“wasperfect”.Hecalledtheevent“animportantmilestoneforChina’sspaceexploration”,addingthatithasmadeagoodstartforfuturelunarexplorationefforts.Withitsinvestigationofthefarside,particularlytheVonKarmancrater,theChang’e4missionwillenablescientiststofindoutwhattheyhaven’tknownaboutthemoonanddeepentheirknowledgeofitsearlyhistoryandofthesolarsystem.8.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.ThebasicdataoftheChang’e4lunarprobe.B.TheChang’e4’sworld-firstlandingonmoon’sfarside.C.TheChang’e4’s26-dayvisittothefarsideofthemoon.DThedescriptionofthephotostakenonthesurfaceofmoon’sfarside.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inthethirdparagraphreferto?A.Thelander. B.Therover.C.Thefarsideofthemoon. D.TheChang’e4lunarprobe.10.Whatcanweinferfromthistext?A.Itisonlyonthemoonthatpeoplecanexplorethedeepspace.B.ThescientificinformationobtainedbyChang’e4willbenewtotheworld.C.Itisthefirsttimeforpeopletoseethepicturesofthefarsideofthemoon.D.Chinesespacetechnologyismoreadvancedthanthatofanyothercountry’s.11.Inwhichsectionofawebsitecanweprobablyreadthistext?A.Tourism. B.HealthCare.C.ScienceandTechnology. D.ArtsandEntertainment.【答案】8.B9.C10.B11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章介紹了嫦娥四號探測器首次在月球背面著陸，這標(biāo)志著中國探月工程的巨大進(jìn)步。【8題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中“Anewchapteropenedinmankind’sexplorationofthemoononThursdaymorningasthefirstprobe(探測儀)tolandonthemoon’sfarsidereacheditsdestinationaftera26-dayjourney.(周四上午，人類探索月球的新篇章拉開，首個在月球背面著陸的探測器在經(jīng)過26天的旅程后抵達(dá)目的地。)”可知，本段主要介紹了嫦娥四號實現(xiàn)了人類首次在月球背面著陸的事實。故選B?！?題詳解】詞句猜詞題。根據(jù)第三段的“TheothersidemostofwhichisnevervisiblefromEarth,isthefarsideofthemoon.(月球的另一面是月球的另一邊，大部分從地球上看不到。)”以及劃線詞所在的句子“Whileithasbeenphotographedbyspacecraft(雖然它已經(jīng)被宇宙飛船拍攝下來。)”可知，劃線詞it指代的是大部分從地球上看不到的月球的另一邊。故選C?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“markingtheworld’sfirstimagestakenonthesurfaceofthefarside.(這是世界上第一張在月球背面拍攝的照片。)”可知，嫦娥四號月球探測器發(fā)回的照片是世界上首次在月球背面拍攝的即嫦娥四號獲得的科學(xué)信息對世界來說是全新的。故選B。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，文章介紹了嫦娥四號探測器首次在月球背面著陸，這標(biāo)志著中國探月工程的巨大進(jìn)步。由此推斷，文章可能出自一個網(wǎng)站的科技版面。故選C。DForthoseofuswhoattempttokeepupwiththefashionworldtoensureourcupboardstaysfresh,therealskeletonsinourcupboardsarethosepiecesweboughtandonlyworeonceortwice-mostlyfromfollowingeachseason’snewtrends.With“fastfashion”brandslikeForever21,H&MandZara’constantoutputofnewtrendyclothingatlowprices,it’seasytofallintothetrapofbuyingclothesregardlessofwhetheryoureallyneedthem.Butunnecessarypurchasing,andthemassproductionofclothing,isn’tjusthardonourwallets-it’shardontheenvironment.Oneofthefirststepsingettingunwantedclothesoutofyourcupboardistosellorconsign(寄售)them.ButbecausepopularresaleshopslikeBuffaloExchangeandCrossroadsdon’tacceptfastfashionbrandsbecausetheydon’tprofitenoughfromthem,peopleoftenturntothrowingtheiroldclothinginthedustbins.Manyconsumersdon’trealizethatclothingandtextiles(織物)arerecyclableorhowtorecyclethem.AccordingtotheEnvironmentalProtectionAgency,theUnitedStatesgenerated16.22milliontonsofwastetextilesin2017andrecycledonly2.62milliontons.Tenandahalfmilliontonsoftextileswerefinallyburiedunderthegroundthatyear.Vetements,aParisianfashionbrandwornbycelebritieslikeKanyeWestandRihannaaimedtobringawarenesstotheproblemoffastfashionbrandsandclothingwastewitharecentWindowdisplaySaksFifthAvenueinNewYork.Thewindowcontainedagiantpileofclothes.Thepile,whichgrewdaily,wasmadeupofoldclothesdonatedbySaksemployeesandout-of-seasonitemsfromthestore.OnAug.10,theclothingfromthedisplaywasdonatedtoRewearABLE,aLongIslandrecyclingprogramthatcollectsoldclothesandtextiles,andpreparesthemforresaleorrepurposesthetextiles.12.WhatkeepscustomerscomingbacktofastfashionchainslikeForever21,H&MandZara?A.Goodshoppingenvironment.B.Discountsandpromotionalactivities.C.Warmandthoughtfulserviceofthesalesmen.D.Lowpricesandacontinuoussupplyofnewlooks.13.Wherecanyoufindthedatathatbestsupports“fastfashionishardontheenvironment”?A.InParagraph2. B.InParagraph3.C.InParagraph4. D.Inparagraph5.14.WhatcanbelearnedaboutthewindowdisplaycreatedbyVetements?A.Itcanhelptheenvironment. B.Itdoesgoodtopeople’shealth.C.Itcanhelpchangepeople’slives. D.Itwilltaketheleadinthelatestfashion.15.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A.HowtoStopBuyingUnnecessaryClothesB.FastFashionBrandsSpreadAroundtheWorldC.TheAdvantagesandDisadvantagesofFastFashionD.FastFashionCanKillYourWalletandtheEnvironment【答案】12.D13.C14.A15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了快時尚品牌加劇了衣服的廢舊，同時大量的廢舊衣物對環(huán)境造成了很大的影響，然而一些廢舊衣物是可以重新被利用或出售的。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“With“fastfashion”brandslikeForever21,H&MandZara’constantoutputofnewtrendyclothingatlowprices,it’seasytofallintothetrapofbuyingclothesregardlessofwhetheryoureallyneedthem.(隨著Forever21、H&M和Zara等“快時尚”品牌不斷推出新的低價潮流服裝，人們很容易陷入不管是否真的需要都買衣服的陷阱。)”可知，這些快時尚品牌不斷推出新的低價潮流服裝而吸引顧客。故選D?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“AccordingtotheEnvironmentalProtectionAgency,theUnitedStatesgenerated16.22milliontonsofwastetextilesin2017andrecycledonly2.62milliontons.Tenandahalfmilliontonsoftextileswerefinallyburiedunderthegroundthatyear.(根據(jù)美國環(huán)境保護(hù)署的數(shù)據(jù)，2017年美國產(chǎn)生了1622萬噸廢舊紡織品，其中僅回收了2萬噸。6200萬噸。那一年，150萬噸紡織品終于被埋在地下。)”可知，該段使用數(shù)據(jù)證明了廢舊的衣物給環(huán)境帶來的影響，此處恰恰說明了快時尚品牌加劇了衣物的廢舊。故選C?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“OnAug.10,theclothingfromthedisplaywasdonatedtoRewearABLE,aLongIslandrecyclingprogramthatcollectsoldclothesandtextiles,andpreparesthemforresaleorrepurposesthetextiles.(8月10日，展出的衣服被捐贈給了RewearABLE，這是長島的一個回收項目，收集舊衣服和紡織品，并準(zhǔn)備轉(zhuǎn)售或重新利用紡織品。)”可知，Vetements將展示的舊衣物捐贈給RewearABLE，從而可以讓衣物重新出售，或者重新被利用紡織成新的紡織品。由此可以推斷，這樣做可以減少浪費保護(hù)環(huán)境。故選A?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，文章介紹了快時尚品牌加劇了衣服的廢舊，同時大量的廢舊衣物對環(huán)境造成了很大的影響，然而一些廢舊衣物是可以重新被利用或出售的。D選項“FastFashionCanKillYourWalletandtheEnvironment(快時尚會毀掉你的錢包和環(huán)境)”概括全文。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分,滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余。Haveyoueverwonderedwhattherealmeaningofthesaying“AFriendinNeedisaFriendIndeed”is?____16____.Truefriendshipistheone,inwhichtheindividualsdonothavetomaintaingoodmannerswitheachother.Sharingtruefriendshipisthesituation,whenthepersonyouaretalkingaboutisregardedasoneamongyourfamilymembers,whentherelationyousharewithhim/herreachesastagethatevenifyoudon’tcorrespondforsometime,yourfriendshipremainsunchanged.Thetrustbetweenbestfriendsissuchthatifonefriendfallsintrouble.theotherwillnotthinktwicetohelp.Ifthebondbetweentwofriendsisstrong,truefriendscantolerateevenlongdistance.____17____.Itwouldnotaffecttheirfriendship.____18____.Theywouldfaceittogetherandsupporteachother,evenifitisagainsttheinterestsoftheotherperson.Bestfriendsdon’tanalyzeeachotherandtheydon’thavetodoso.Theyaccepteachotherwiththeirpositiveandnegativequalities.____19____.Theyknoweachother’sstrengthsaswellasweaknesses.Onewouldnotoverpowertheother.Theywouldrespecteachother’sindividuality.Infact,theywouldunderstandthesimilaritiesandrespectthedifferences.Truefriendshipismarkedbyselflessness.Bestfriendssupporteachother,evenifthewholeworldopposesthem.____20____.Ifyouhaveevenonetruefriend,consideryourselfblessed.A.TruefriendshipneverfadesawayB.NothingishiddenbetweentruefriendsC.ItisnoteasygettingtruefriendsforthelifetimeD.Forthem,geographicalseparationisjustapartoflifeE.Truefriendsdon’tdeserteachotherwhenoneisfacingtroubleF.Remember,allthebestfriendsarefriends,butnotallfriendscanbethebestfriendsG.Peopletalkaboutthetruevalueoffriendshipactuallywithoutknowingwhatitstandsfor【答案】16.G17.D18.E19.B20.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章闡述了在生活中，真正的友誼不會拘泥于各種禮儀。朋友彼此間都會真誠相待，會毫不猶豫的幫助對方?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)空前的“Haveyoueverwonderedwhattherealmeaningofthesaying“AFriendinNeedisaFriendIndeed”is?(你有沒有想過“患難見真情”這句話的真正含義是什么？)”以及空后“Truefriendshipistheone,inwhichtheindividualsdonothavetomaintaingoodmannerswitheachother.

(真正的友誼是人與人之間不必互相保持禮貌。)”可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)該說明很多人不了解什么是真正的友誼。G選項“Peopletalkaboutthetruevalueoffriendshipactuallywithoutknowingwhatitstandsfor.(人們談?wù)撚颜x的真正價值，其實并不知道它代表什么。)”承接前文，保持探討的話題“真正的友誼”，同時引起下文即下文回答了什么是真正的友誼。符合語境。故選G?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)前文“

Ifthebondbetweentwofriendsisstrong,truefriendscantolerateevenlongdistance.

(如果兩個朋友之間的聯(lián)系很緊密，那么真正的朋友即使相隔很遠(yuǎn)也能忍受。)”可知，真正的友誼不會受到長遠(yuǎn)距離的影響。D選項“Forthem,geographicalseparationisjustapartoflife.(對他們來說，地理上的分離只是生活的一部分。)”中的geographicalseparation與前文呼應(yīng)，指出地里分離只是生活中的一部分，不會影響到真正的友誼，符合語境，故選D?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Theywouldfaceittogetherandsupporteachother,evenifitisagainsttheinterestsoftheotherperson.

(他們會一起面對，互相支持，即使這違背了對方的利益。)”可知，此處強調(diào)的是真正的朋友會共同面對困難并相互支持。這與E選項“Truefriendsdon’tdeserteachotherwhenoneisfacingtrouble.(真正的朋友不會在遇到困難時拋棄對方。)”相呼應(yīng)。故選E?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Theyknoweachother’sstrengthsaswellasweaknesses.

(他們知道彼此的優(yōu)點和缺點。)”可知，真正的朋友是知道彼此的優(yōu)點和缺點，彼此之間坦誠相待。B選項“Nothingishiddenbetweentruefriends.(真正的朋友之間無所隱瞞。)”與后文呼應(yīng)。故選B?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)后文的“Ifyouhaveevenonetruefriend,consideryourselfblessed.(如果你有一個真正的朋友，你就覺得自己有福了。)”可知，即使你只有一位真正的朋友，那也應(yīng)該要感覺到自己是幸運的。C選項“Itisnoteasygettingtruefriendsforthelifetime.(得到真正的朋友是不容易的。)”引起下文，與下文“擁有真正的朋友則自己是幸運的”相呼應(yīng)。故選C。第二部分語言知識運用(共兩節(jié),滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共20小題;每小題1.5分,滿分30分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。WhenIwasakid,myparentssentmetoasummercampinNewHampshire.Atthecampwedidtonsofgreatthingslikeswimming,sportsandarchery(射箭),butforme,themostmemorable___21___wasanovernighttripofmountainclimbing.Ifyou’veever___22___amountain,youknowit’saphysicalchallenge,___23___whenyou’recarryingyourfoodandshelteronyourback.Whencampersgot___24___,theycertainlystartedcomplaining.“Howmuchfartherisit?”“Ican’tgoanyfurther.”“My___25___istooheavy.Canyoucarryitforme?”Thereplyofthe___26___was,“Suckitup(不要再抱怨了).”Thetruthisthatthecomplainingcamperswere___27___nearthepointof___28___.Iftheyhadbeen,theteacherswouldhavenoticedthe___29___andgiventhemcare.Thekidssimplyweren’tusedtothephysicalchallenge.Oncetheyrealizedtheyweren’tgettinganysympathythey____30____thediscomfort,andinmostcases____31____havingagreattime.Inmycampdays,Idon’t____32____asinglecampercomplainingatthe____33____ofthemountain.Therearetwowaystodealwithan____34____situation.Youcancomplain,oryoucanmakethebestofit.Ifyoucomplain,youmightfeellikeyou’regettingthat____35____energyout,butyouareprobablynotgoingtocauseapositivechange.It’smuchmorelikelythatyourcomplainingwillcausethe____36____ofthosearoundyou.Noonelikesacomplainer.They’re____37____andtheyhurtthegroup.Complainingmakeslife____38____foreveryone.Instead,ifyoudeterminetomasteryourown____39____,tomovepastitandfocusona____40____,it’smyexperiencethatyou’llrealizeitwasn’tbadinthefirstplace.21.A.experience B.behaviour C.occasion D.situation22.A.seen B.reached C.climbed D.described23.A.especially B.normally C.obviously D.naturally24.A.ashamed B.tired C.puzzled D.shocked25.A.food B.water C.shelter D.backpack26A.parents B.teachers C.guides D.partners27.A.somewhere B.anywhere C.nowhere D.everywhere28.A.camp B.exhaustion C.mountain D.destination29.A.signs B.activities C.gestures D.scenes30.A.shared B.understood C.suffered D.overcame31.A.couldn’thelp B.endedup C.insistedon D.gaveup32.A.recall B.forget C.disturb D.forgive33.A.foot B.top C.back D.base34.A.unbelievable B.unexpected C.unusual D.unpleasant35.A.great B.spare C.negative D.potential36.A.dislike B.respect C.sympathy D.enthusiasm37.A.amazing B.shocking C.worrying D.annoying38.A.poorer B.harder C.easier D.better39.A.life B.mind C.suffering D.mistake40.A.trip B.plan C.solution D.dream【答案】21.A22.C23.A24.B25.D26.B27.C28.B29.A30.D31.B32.A33.B34.D35.C36.A37.D38.B39.C40.C【解析】【分析】本文為一篇夾敘夾議的文章。文章記敘了我小時候參加的一個夏令營的難忘經(jīng)歷和感悟。【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在夏令營里，我們做了很多有趣的事情，比如游泳、運動和射箭，但對我來說，最難忘的經(jīng)歷是一次夜間的登山。A.experience經(jīng)歷；B.behaviour行為；C.occasion場合；D.situation情況。結(jié)合語境可知，夏令營中令我最難忘的是夜間登山的經(jīng)歷。故選A項?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：如果你爬過山，你就會知道這是一種身體上的挑戰(zhàn)，尤其是當(dāng)你背著食物和帳篷的時候。A.seen看見；B.reached夠到；C.climbed爬；D.described描述。結(jié)合前文Atthecampwedidtonsofgreatthingslikeswimming,sportsandarchery(射箭),butforme,themostmemorable___1___wasanovernighttripofmountainclimbing.在夏令營里，我們做了很多有趣的事情，比如游泳、運動和射箭，但對我來說，最難忘的經(jīng)歷是一次夜間的登山?？芍?，此處作者的假設(shè)是如果你也爬過山。故選C項。【23題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：如果你爬過山，你就會知道這是一種身體上的挑戰(zhàn)，特別是當(dāng)你背著食物和帳篷的時候。A.especially特別地；B.normally通常地；C.obviously顯然地；D.naturally自然地。結(jié)合前文youknowit’saphysicalchallenge爬山是身體上的挑戰(zhàn)，特別是背著食物和帳篷時。故選A項。【24題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)營員們累了的時候，他們開始抱怨了。A.ashamed羞愧的；B.tired疲倦的；C.puzzled困惑的；D.shocked震驚的。結(jié)合后文theycertainlystartedcomplaining.他們開始抱怨了，推測是因為太累了才開始抱怨。故選B項?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我的背包太重了。A.food食物；B.water水；C.shelter住所；D.backpack背包。結(jié)合前文whenyou’recarryingyourfoodandshelteronyourback.可知，孩子們的背包很重，背了食物和帳篷。故選D項?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：老師們的答復(fù)是“不要再抱怨了”。A.parents父母；B.teachers老師；C.guides導(dǎo)游；D.partners合作伙伴。結(jié)合后文Iftheyhadbeen,theteacherswouldhavenoticedthe___9___andgiventhemcare.如果是的話，老師們會注意到這些跡象并給予他們關(guān)懷。可知，帶我們夜間爬山的是老師，因此此處也是老師給孩子的答復(fù)。故選B項?！?7題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：事實上，抱怨的營員們還遠(yuǎn)未到筋疲力盡的地步。A.somewhere哪里；B.anywhere任何地方；C.nowhere無處；D.everywhere到處。結(jié)合后文Iftheyhadbeen,theteacherswouldhavenoticedthe___9___andgiventhemcare.可知，如果孩子們真的筋疲力盡，老師們會注意到并且給予他們關(guān)懷，而事實是孩子們還遠(yuǎn)未到筋疲力盡的地步。故選C項。【28題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：事實上，抱怨的營員們還遠(yuǎn)未到筋疲力盡的地步。A.camp營地；B.exhaustion精疲力盡；C.mountain山；D.destination目的地。結(jié)合前文Whencampersgottired,theycertainlystartedcomplaining.孩子們雖然累了，但是遠(yuǎn)未到筋疲力盡的地步。故選B項?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：如果是的話，老師們會注意到這些跡象并給予他們關(guān)懷。A.signs跡象；B.activities活動；C.gestures手勢；D.scenes場景。結(jié)合后文andgiventhemcare.可知，老師給予他們關(guān)懷是因為老師注意到了他們筋疲力盡的跡象。故選A項?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：一旦他們意識到自己沒得到了同情，他們就克服了不適，在大多數(shù)情況下，最后會有一段好的體驗。A.shared分享；B.understood理解；C.suffered痛苦；D.overcame戰(zhàn)勝。結(jié)合后文Inmycampdays,Idon’t___12___asinglecampercomplainingatthe___13___ofthemountain.大家都到了山頂上，并且沒有一個人抱怨?？芍坏]有得到同情，他們就自己克服了不適感，并且最后都到了山頂上。故選D項?！?1題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：一旦他們意識到自己沒得到了同情，他們就克服了不適，在大多數(shù)情況下，最后會有一段好的體驗。A.couldn’thelp忍不住做；B.endedup最后；C.insistedon堅持；D.gaveup放棄。結(jié)合前文theyovercamethediscomfort可知，他們克服了不適，最后一定會有一段美好的體驗。故選B項?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在我露營的日子里，我不記得有任何一個營員在山頂抱怨。A.recall回憶；B.forget忘記；C.disturb打擾；D.forgive原諒。結(jié)合語境，我不記得有任何一個人在山頂上抱怨。故選A項?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在我露營的日子里，我不記得有任何一個營員在山頂抱怨。A.foot腳；B.top頂；C.back背；D.base基底。結(jié)合語境可知，最后所有人到了山頂上。故選B項?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：有兩種方法可以處理不愉快的情況。A.unbelievable難以置信的；B.unexpected出乎意料的；C.unusual不同尋常的；D.unpleasant令人不愉快的。結(jié)合前文的爬山經(jīng)歷可知，兩種方法解決的是令人不愉快的情況。故選D項。【35題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：如果你抱怨話，你可能會覺得你正在釋放消極的能量，但你可能不會引起積極的變化。A.great好的；B.spare空閑的；C.negative消極的；D.potential潛在的。結(jié)合后文butyouareprobablynotgoingtocauseapositivechange.但你可能不會引起積極的變化。根據(jù)連詞but可知，前后有轉(zhuǎn)折含義，因此前文應(yīng)該是如果抱怨的話，很可能會釋放消極的能量。故選C項?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：你的抱怨很有可能引起周圍人的反感。A.dislike厭惡，反感；B.respect尊敬；C.sympathy同情；D.enthusiasm熱情。結(jié)合后文Noonelikesacomplainer.沒有人喜歡抱怨者。可知，如果老是抱怨可能引起周圍人的反感。故選A項。【37題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他們很煩人，并且傷害了整個組織。A.amazing令人驚訝的；B.shocking震驚的；C.worrying擔(dān)心的；D.annoying煩人的。結(jié)合前文Noonelikesacomplainer.沒有人喜歡抱怨者?？芍驗樗麄兒軣┤?。故選D項?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：抱怨使每個人的生活都更艱難。A.poorer更窮的；B.harder更難的；C.easier更容易的；D.better更好的。結(jié)合語境可知，抱怨會使得生活變得更加艱難。故選B項?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：相反，如果你決定控制自己的痛苦，把注意力轉(zhuǎn)移到解決方案上，我的經(jīng)驗是，你會意識到它一開始就不壞。A.life生活；B.mind思想；C.suffering痛苦；D.mistake錯誤。結(jié)合前文Therearetwowaystodealwithan___14___situation.處理的是令人不愉快的情況，是使人感到痛苦的。故選C項?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：相反，如果你決定控制自己的痛苦，把注意力轉(zhuǎn)移到解決方案上，我的經(jīng)驗是，你會意識到它一開始就不壞。A.trip旅行；B.plan計劃；C.solution解決方案；D.dream夢想。結(jié)合全文，作者告訴我們面對困難不要抱怨，而是要努力尋找解決方案來解決眼前的困難。故選C項。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。China,whichisproudofitsgreatinventionsinancienttimes,hasonceagainshownitsabilitytochangetheworldwithits“newfourgreatinventions”:high-speedrailways,electronicpayments,sharedbicyclesandonlineshopping.Thefourinnovative(創(chuàng)新的)waysoflifeweremostappealingtoyouthsfrom20countries____41____(participate)intheBeltandRoadInitiative,accordingtoasurveybytheBeltandRoadResearchInstituteofBeijingForeignStudies.“The‘newfourgreatinventions’areall____42____(relate)toChina’shigh-techinnovation,____43____improvedthequalityofpeople’slives,”saidWuHao,executivedirectoroftheBRRI.Asahugefanofbicycles,BerhardSchwartlander,WorldHealthOrganizationRepresentativeinChina,____44____(express)