2020年福建省高考模擬考試英語試題及答案

2020年福建省高考模擬考試英語試題及答案（試卷滿分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘）考生注意事項(xiàng)：.答卷前，著生務(wù)必將自已的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上。.回蓉選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）（略）第二部分閱讀理解 （共兩節(jié)，滿分 40分）第一節(jié) （共15小題 ;每小題 2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、BC和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWhydon’tquietcarriageswork,andhowmighttheybemaketo?Quietcarriagesontrainsareaniceidea:travelersvoluntarilymaketheirphonessilent,turnstereosoffandkeepchattertoaminimum.However,inreality,thereisusuallyatleastonesillybabbler（喋喋不休的人 ）tobreakthesilence.Acoupleofproblemspreventpeacefultrips.First,thereisasortingproblem:somepassengersendupinthequietcarriagebyaccidentandarenotawareoftherules.Second,thereisacommitmentproblem:noiseissometimesmadebytravelerswhochoosethequietcarriagebutfindanimportantcallhardtoignore.Thetrainoperatorsaretryingtofindanswers.TrainsinQueenslandAustralia,arehavingpermanentsignsaddedtoshowexactlywhatisexpected;aBritishoperatorhasinvestedinsometechnologytopreventphonecalls.Microeconomicssuggestsanotherapproach.Finingpeopleformakinganoisewouldsurelytvaluedissuade（勸阻）thepolluterandisaneatsolutionintheory,butitrequirescostlymonitoringandenforcement.Anotherwaywouldbetousepricestoseparatequietandnoisypassengers-ineffect,creatingamarketforsilence.Asimpleideawouldbetosellaccesstothequietcarriageasanoptionalextrawhentheticketisbought.Makingthequietcoachbothanactivechoiceandacostlyonewoulddissuademanyofthosewhodonpeacefulride.tvalueChargingmayalsosolvethecommitmentproblem.Thisisparticularlytricky,asattitudestonoisecanchangeduringthejourney.Somepassengerswouldpaythequietpremiumbutstillchatterawaywhensomevitalnewsarrives.Schemesthatrewardthesilent-aratingsystemamongfellowpassengers,forexample-couldhelp.Theideaisthatlosingyourhard-wonreputationoffsetstheshort-termgainfromusingthephone.Butsuchasystemalsofailsthesimplicitytest.A2010bookbyGeorgeAkerlofandRachelKrantonarguesthat “norms”-feelingsabouthoweveryoneshouldbehave-alsoplayaroleindecision-making.Chargingaprice,evenifjustatokenamount,meansthequietcarriagebecomesaservicethatfellowpassengershavebought,notjustapreferencetheyhaveexpressed.Perhapsdifferentnormswouldcomeintoplay,encouragingcalm.Ifnot,apersonalbubbleisalwaysanoption:noise-cancelingheadphonesstartataround$50.Accordingtothepassage,whatdoesmicroeconomicssuggest?Findingthesourceofnoise.Puttingapriceonnoise.Avoidusingaphoneinthecarriage.Investingmoremoneyinmonitoringandenforcement.By“apersonalbubbleisalwaysanoption, ”theauthormeans .onecanmakehisownchoiceoneshouldrespectothers ’privacyonecancreatehisownpersonalspaceoneshouldsticktohispersonalbudgetThispassageismainlyabout .people’sfavouredtransportationeffectivemethodsofmonitoringnoiselevelspossiblesolutionstonoiseintraincarriagescommonformsofmisbehaviorofpassengersBThegreat-grandmotherislearningEnglishwiththehelpofherfamilywhensheisattheageof91.awawasoneofthemoreShehopestousethelanguageatnextyear ’sOlympicGamesinTokyo.Takamizthan200,00peoplewhorequestedtovolunteerforTokyo ’s2020Games.qEunirgelidshfoirssneortvircee,butitisausefulskillforvolunteerstohave.ButTakamizawahadnotbeenabletolearnthelanguagewhenshewasyoung.TakamizawasaidthatshewasinhighschoolwhenWorldWarTwostarted.Shesaid, “Inmysecondyeisahrtwhaesreb,aEnnngeldbecauseitwastheenemylanguage.”Takamizawasaidhergrandchildrenhelpedpersuadeherthatshewasnottoooldtolearn.nItalkedtomygrandchildrenaboutmywish,theysaid, ‘It’snottoolate.WewillteachyouonewordadaNatsukoisTakamizawa’sgranddaughterandmainEnglishteacher.NatsukosendsanewEnglishwordtosooftenworktogetherdirectlyonphrasesthatTakamizawahergrandmother’sphoneeveryday.TheyalwillneedfortheOlympics. “WelcometoTokyo,thisistheOlympicstadium,howcanIhelpyToauk?amizawaanswerswhenaskedtosayanEnglishphraseshehaslearned.Natsukoexplainsthatshewantedtogivehergrandmothersomethingtoenjoy. “IcanclearlyseeherEnglishisgettingbetter.Itjoynow.”TheEFEnglishProficiencyIndexisameasureofthelevelofEnglishspokeninacountry.Japanranks49thamongcountrieswhereEnglishisnotthefirstlanguage.ThissituationisslowlychangingasyoungergenerationswelcomeEnglish.However,TakamizawabelievesrealchangewillnothappenunlessJapanesepeoplebecomemoreopentotherestoftheworld.Witharound500daystogountilthegamesbegin,thewholeTakamizawafamilyisreadytowelcometheworldtoTokyo.Whycouldn’tTakamizawalearnEnsghliwhenshewasyoung?BecauseEnglishwasuseless.BecauseshewastooyoungtolearnEnglish.BecauseEnglishwasforbiddentolearn.BecauseshewasunwillingtolearnEnglish.Whatcanweknowfromthethirdparagraph?Takamizawagetsstrongsupportfromherfamily.Takamizawa’sgrandchildrenloveheralot.ishteacher.NatsukoisTakamizawa’sgranddaughterandonlyEnglNatsukoteachesTakamizawaEnglishmainlybytalkingwithher.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase “Thissituation”inParagraph4referto?EnglishisnotthefirstlanguageinJapan.ThelevelofEnglishspokeninJapanisrelativelylow.YoungergenerationsinJapanwelcomeEnglish.Japanesepeoplebecomeopentotherestoftheworld.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.Itisnevertoolatetolearn.Theearlybirdcatchestheworm.Twoheadsarebetterthanone.CItisgenerallyacknowledgedthatyoungpeoplefrompoorersocio-economicbackgroundstendtodolesswellintheeducationsystem.Inanattempttohelpthechildrenofpoorfamilies,anationwideprogramcalled“Headstart”wasstartedintheUSin1965.Alotofmoneywaspouredintoit.Ittookchildrenintopre-schoolinstitutionsattheageofthreeandwassupposedtohelpthemsucceedinschool.Buttheresultshavebeendisappointing,becausetheprogrambegantoolate.Manychildrenwhoentereditatthreewerealreadybehindtheirpeersinlanguageandintelligenceandtheparentswerenotinvolvedintheprocess.Attheendofeachday, “Headstart”childrenreturnedtothesamedisadvantagedhomeenvironment.Toimprovetheresults,anotherprogramwasstartedinMissourithatconcentratedonparentsasthechild,sfirstteachers.Thisprogramwasbasedonresearchshowingthatworkingwiththefamilyisthemosteffectivewayofhelpingchildrengetthebestpossiblestartinlife.Thefour-yearstudyincluded380familieswhowereabouttohavetheirfirstchildandrepresenteddifferentsocial-economicstatus,ageandfamilystructure.Theprograminvolvedtrainededucatorsvisitingandworkingwiththeparentorparentsandthechild.Theprogramalsogavetheparentssomeguidance,andusefulskillsonchilddevelopment.Atthree,thechildreninvolvedinthe “Missouri”programwereevaluatedwiththechildrenselectedfromthesamesocio-economicbackgroundandfamilysituations.Theresultswereobvious.Thechildrenintheprogramweremoreadvancedinlanguagedevelopment,problemsolvingandotherintellectualskillsthantheirpeers.Theyperformedequallywellregardlessofsocio-economicbackgroundsorfamilystructure.Theonefactorthatwasfoundtoaffectthechild,sdevelopmentwasthepoorqualityofparent-childinteraction.Thatinteractionwasnotnecessarilybadinpoorerfamilies.The“Missouri”programcomparesquitedistinctlywiththe “Headstart”program.Withoutasimfocusonparenteducationandonthevitalimportanceofthefirstthreeyears,someevidenceindicatesthatitwillnotbeenoughtoovercomeeducationalunfairness.

8.WhatcausedthefailureoftheHeadstart8.WhatcausedthefailureoftheHeadstartprogramThelargenumberofpoorfamilies.Thedisapprovalfromchildren.Thelatestartoftheprogram.Thelongperiodoftime.Whatdoweknowaboutthe “Missouri”program?Itfocusedonthechildren,sfirstschoolteachers.Ithelpedthechildrenreturntothesamehome.Itmadethechildrenimprovedinmanyaspects.Itgavetheparentsadviceontheirdevelopment.Accordingtothepassage,whatislikelytoinfluencechildren,sperformance?Thenumberoffamilymembers.Theparent-childcommunication.Theintelligenceoftheirparents.Theteacher-studentrelationship.Howdoestheauthordevelopthepassage?Bylistingfigures.Bymakingcomparisons.Bygivingexamples.Bydrawingconclusions.DWe’veallbeenthere:thosetimesyouneedtoargueyourpointofviewtosomeonewhoyouknowdisagreeswithyou.Youimmediatelygotoyourkeyboardandstarttotypeoutthat280-charactertweet,theFacebookreply,oraparagraphs-longemail.Surelythereason,logic,andstrongpowerofyourwrittenwordswillconvincewhoeveritiswhodisagreeswithyoutoseeyourpointofview.Butnewresearchsuggestsadifferentidea.ThatresearchwasconductedbyJulianaSchroeder,assistantprofessorofUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,andhercolleagues.InSchroeder ’sstudyofalmost300peoples,pwaerrteiciapsaknetdtowatch,listen,andreadargumentsaboutsubjectstheyagreedordisagreedwith.Theywereaskedtojudgethecharacterofthecommunicatorandthequalityoftheargument.Schroeder ’steamfoundthatthepartwhowatchedorlistenedtothecommunicatorwerelessdismissive（抵觸的）oftheirclaimsthanwhentheyreadthatcommunicator’ssameargument.Theideaforherstudycamefromanewspaperarticleaboutapolitician.Oneofusreadaspeechthatwasprintedinanewspaperfromapoliticianwithwhomhestronglydisagreed.Thenextweek,heheardtheexactsamespeechplayingonaradiostation.Hewasshockedbyhowdifferenthisreactionwastowardthepoliticianwhenhereadthespeechcomparedtowhenheheardit.Whenhereadthestatement,thepoliticianseemedidiotic,butwhenhehearditspoken,thepoliticianactuallysoundedreasonable.Sointheworkplace,speakingtosomeoneinpersonofteninvolvesnothingmorethanwalkingafewvincethatbossordoorsdowntotheiroffice.Andthat’sexactlywhatyoushoulddoifyouneedtoconcolleagueofwhyyourblueprintforthecompanyorprojectistherightone.Onlyasalastwayshouldyoutrytocommunicatewithsomeonewhoyoudisagreewithoversocialshortattentionmakearguingyourpointanmedia.Twitter’slimitedtextallowanceandsocialmediausers ’uphillbattle.What’stheresultoftheresearch?Writtenwordsaremorelogicalandreasonable.Peopleprefertocommunicatewithkeyboard.Whenreadinganargument,theparticipantswerelessdismissivethanhearingit.Oral,notwritten,communicationworksbetter.Whyisthepoliticianmentionedinparagraph3?Tointroducethetopicfordiscussion.Tosummarizethepreviousparagraphs.ToexplainwhySchroederconductedtheresearch.Tointroducethepolitician ’sspeech.Whatdoestheunderlinedword “idiotic’’inparagraph3mean?Wise.Practical.Silly.Special.Whatcanweinferfromthelasttwoparagraphs?Topersuadeyourboss,youneedtowalktohisofficeandleaveamessage.It’sdifficulttofullyexplainyourpointsduetosocialmedia ’slimitation.Arguingoversocialmediaismoreconvenientthanspeakinginperson.Communicatingwithothersoversocialmediaisencouraged.第二節(jié) （共5小題 ;每小題 2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Themillipede（千足蟲）Forestlife___16___Weenjoywatchingtelevisionprogramsaboutbears,batsormonkeys.Weknewalotabouttheirlives:howtheyfindfoodorwhattheydoatdifferenttimesoftheyear.Butwhataboutsmalleranimalsthataremoredifficulttoseeorfilm?___17___AFrenchscientist,Francois-Xavier,Joly,isstudyingoneofthem—themillipede.TheimportanceofleavesWhenleavesbegintodieinautumn,theyturnfromgreentoyellowandfallfromthetrees.___18___Lifeintheforestneedsthesenutrients—withoutthem,plantscouldnotgrowandsotherewouldbenofoodforotheranimals.FoodontheforestfloorSomelivingthings,likemushrooms,breaktheleavesintosmallerpiecesandeatthem.Inafewmonthsthereisnothingleftofthem.Butformushrooms,notalltreesarethesame.Mushroomsprefersometypesofleavestoothers.Thismeansthatsomeleavestakemuchlongertobreakdownthanothers,sometimesyears.Sowhathappenstothese?___19___MoreonthemenuThemillipedealsolikesleavesanditeatsanytype.Butwhenithasfinished,itproduceswaste.Thiswastethenbecomesthefoodofmushrooms.Whenmushroomseatleavestheychooseonlycertaintypes—Butwhentheyeatwaste,theywilleatanykind.___20___Sonexttimeyouarewalkingthroughaforest,rememberthatsomethingmaybehavingamealrightunderyourfeet!Thisiswherethemillipedecanhelp.However,notallleavesareequallyrich.Millipedesdoamazingthingsinthesoilinourforests.Forestsareamazingplaces,andsoaretheanimalsthatliveinthem.Astheybreakdownontheground,nutrientsarereturnedtothesoil.Manysmallanimalsthatliveinforestsareveryimportantforthesoil.Thisishowthemillipedeturnsdeadleavesintofoodforothersandhelpslifecontinue.第三部分語言知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分 45分第一節(jié)（共20小題;每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Iflifewereabookandyouweretheauthor,howwouldyoulikethestorytogo?Thatisthequestionthat___21___mylifeforever.OnedayIwenthomefromthetrainingofsnowboardingwithwhatIthoughtwastheflu,andlessthan24hourslater,Iwasina___22___onlifesupportwithlessthantwopercent___23___ofliving.Itwasn ’tulaterthatthedoctorsdiagnosed（診斷）mewitha___24___bloodinfection.Overthe___25___of2.5months,Ilostthehearinginmyleftearandbothmylegsbelowtheknee.Whenmyparents___26___meoutofthehospital,I___27___thatIhadbeenputtogetherlikeapatchwork（拼縫物 ）dollandIhadtolivewith___28___legs.Iwasabsolutelyphysicallyandemotionallybroken,___29___streamingdown.ButIknewinordertomoveforward,IhadtoletgooftheOldAmyand___30___theNewAmy.ItwasatthismomentthatIaskedmyselfthatsignificant___31___.Andthatiswhenit___32___methatIdidn - ’thavetfoot-fiveanymore,___33___IcouldbeastallasIwanted.And___34___ofall,Icanmakemyfeetthesizeofalltheshoes.Sotherewere___35___here.Fourmonthslater,1wasbackupona___36___.AndthisFebruary,IwontwoBoardWorldCupgoldmedals,___37___methehighestrankedsnowboarderintheworld.So,insteadoflookingatour___38___andourlimitationsassomething___39___orbad,wecanbeginlookingatthemasawonderful___40___thatcanbeusedtohelpusgofurtherthanweeverknowwecouldgo.A.savedB.riskedC.ruinedD.changedA.hospitalB.clubC.fieldD.stadiumA.thoughtB.degreeC.chanceD.decisionA.mildB.severeC.potentialD.slightA.journeyB.breakC.courseD.scheduleA.wheeledB.draggedC.pulledD.deliveredA.madesureB.feltlikeC.workedoutD.putforwardA.muscledB.heavyC.shapelyD.falseA.bloodB.sweatC.tearsD.waterA.hugB.recognizeC.fixD.introduceA.planB.questionC.informationD.favorA.dawnedonB.knockedintoC.dependedonD.lookedintoA.althoughB.soC.whileD.butA.firstB.strangestC.bestD.luckiestA.strugglesB.benefitsC.rewardsD.conflictsA.stageB.snowboardC.trackD.playgroundA.allowingB.givingC.callingD.makingA.challengesB.achievementsC.devotionsD.hesitationsA.activeB.amazingC.negativeD.terminalA.abilityB.skillC.toolD.gift

第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式Therearemanyreasons___41___collegeanduniversitystudentsoftenfail___42___(get)fullnightssleephabits.ofsleep.ManyAmericanstudentsareawayfromtheirparentsforthefirsttimewhentheyattendcollege.Theymightnotbeusedtohavingtotal___43___(free)inhowtheyplantheirdaysandnights.Parties,latenightstudymeetings,orjusttimespentrelaxingwithfriends- theseareallthingsthatcutintocollegestudentssleephabits.Afewyearsago,MichaelScullinbeganteaching 44 scienceofsleeptopsychologystudentsatBaylorUniversityinWaco,Texas.ScullinisanassistantprofessoratBaylorandthedirectorofitsSleepNeuroscienceandCognitionLaboratory.Hesayshisstudentsseemedtoenjoytheclassandwereinterestedinthematerialhewasteaching.Theclass___45___(center)roundwhythebodyneedstosleepandthephysicalandmentalhealthproblems 46 (cause)byalackofsleep.Thisincludesdifficultyfocusingonstudiesor 47 (control)one’semotions,andincreasedriskofmanydiseases.TheUnitedStatesCentersforDiseaseControlandPreventionstatesthatadultsneedatleastsevenhoursofsleepanighttostay 48 (health).Scullinfoundstudentswhosleptmoreperformed 49 (well)intwodifferentclasses, 50 hepublishedhisfindingsintwoacademicpublicationslastNovember.第四部分寫作 (共兩節(jié)，滿分35分)第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò) (共10小題;每小題1分，滿分10分)51.假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有 10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號 (A),并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：(1)每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞 ;(2)只允許修改 10處，多者(從第11處起 )不計(jì)分。Thismorning,IfounditwassnowingHeavily.Attractedbythebeautifulsight,Idecidedtogoouttotakesomephoto.Thesnowfinallystoppedatnoon,andIcouldn'twaitgooutsidewithmycamera.AsIwalkedonthepathinthefrontofourbuilding,Isawaboysuddenlyslipinthesnow-