2023學(xué)年完整版Unit5Music主謂一致

Unit5Music主謂一致主謂一致的基本原則主謂一致有以下三條原則：1)語法一致原則，即在語法形式上取得一致。例如，主語是單數(shù)形式，謂語動(dòng)詞也采取單數(shù)形式；主語是復(fù)數(shù)形式，謂語動(dòng)詞也采取復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如：Thestudentsareveryyoung．Thispicturelooksbeautiful．2)意義一致原則，即從意義著眼處理一致關(guān)系。例如，主語形式雖是單數(shù)但意義是復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞采取復(fù)數(shù)形式；而有些主語形式雖是復(fù)數(shù)但意義上是單數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞采取單數(shù)形式。peopleinthatcountryarefightingforindependence．yearsinastrangelandseemsalongtime．3)就近原則，即謂語動(dòng)詞的單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)形式取決于最靠近它的詞語。例如NeitherhenorIamgoingtoseethefilmtonightbecausewearebusy．2．主謂一致的用法根據(jù)以上三條原則，主謂一致有如下用法：1)下列結(jié)構(gòu)作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)形式a．表示時(shí)間.重量.長度.價(jià)值的名詞作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)形式。例如：hundredmilesisalongdistance．dollarsisahighpriceforthatbook．b．由anyone，anything，anybody，noone，nothing，everyone，everybody，everything，someone，somebody，each，either，neither等不定代詞作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞使用單數(shù)形式。例如：isknockingatthedoor．isbetterthangoingtothemovietonight．c．由“manya，morethanone+單數(shù)名詞”作主語，盡管意義上表示復(fù)數(shù)，但謂語動(dòng)詞仍采用單數(shù)形式。例如：Manyapersoninthesecircumstanceshashopedforalongbreak．Thereismorethanoneanswertoyourquestion．d．“名詞+and+名詞”作主語，表示同一人.同一概念或事物時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。例如：Awriterandeducatorisgivingalecturenow．(這個(gè)人既是作家又是教育家)e．"either(neither)+of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞(或代詞)"作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。例如：eitherofyoutakesavacationnow，wewillnotbeabletofinishthework．ofthemwantstocome．f．在each…andeach…，every…andevery…等結(jié)構(gòu)之后，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。例如：Eachmanandeachwomanhastherighttovote．g．動(dòng)詞不定式.動(dòng)名詞或分句作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)形式。例如：WhatIwanttosayisnoneofyourbusiness．Listeningtotheclassicalmusicisenjoyable．不定式.動(dòng)名詞作主語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。另外注意兩個(gè)疑問詞加不定式在句中作主語表示一件事的兩個(gè)側(cè)面，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。從句同理。Whenandwheretogofortheon-salaryholidayhasn’tbeendecidedyet.h．以-ics結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞指一門學(xué)科時(shí)，如politics(政治學(xué))，mathematics(數(shù)學(xué))，statistics(統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué))，acoustics(聲學(xué))，linguistics(語言學(xué))等，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。例如：Mathematicsiswhathemajorsin．2)下列結(jié)構(gòu)作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)形式取決于of后的名詞。a．由“a11，none，no，most，half，thelast，therest+of+名詞”等不定代詞作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)形式由of后名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)而定。例如：Noneofthefoodiswasted．Noneofthestudentswereabsent．Therestofthelecturewasdull．Therestofthebikeswereonsaleyesterday．b由“分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)十of+名詞或代詞”作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式取決于of后名詞或代詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如：Three-quartersoftheareaiscultivated.Ninetypercentofthestudentshavepassedtheexam．3)下列結(jié)構(gòu)作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式根據(jù)意義而定。a．由“the+形容詞”(therich，thepoor，theblind，thedeaf，thesick，theyoung，theold)這種結(jié)構(gòu)作主語，表示一類人，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式Theblindaretaughttradesinspecialschools．

(表示一類人)b．family，crowd，committee，class，group，team，等集合名詞作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)形式應(yīng)根據(jù)意義而定。例如：Thefamilyliketolistentothemusic．(thefamily指這家人，用作復(fù)數(shù))Thefamilyissmall．(thefamily指這個(gè)家庭，用作單數(shù))下列結(jié)構(gòu)作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。由and或both…and連接兩個(gè)單數(shù)形式的名詞詞組作主語時(shí)，一般謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Agirlandaboywanttogo．Bothriceandwheataregrowninthatcountry．4)下列結(jié)構(gòu)作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)形式視具體情況而定。a．由aswellas，togetherwith，besides,like，alongwith，withbut，except，accompaniedby，ratherthan，including連接兩個(gè)名詞作主語，謂語單復(fù)數(shù)形式應(yīng)由連接詞前的名詞而定。Theyoungmotherwithhertwochildreniscomingnow．b．“名詞+of+名詞”作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)形式跟of前的名詞一致。例如：Thepictureofthechildrenbringsbackmanymemoriesofmypastexperiences．Theeffectsofcigarettesmokinghavebeenprovedtobeextremelyharmful．c．由notonly…butalso，either…or，neither…nor或or連接的并列主語，通常根據(jù)就近一致原則，謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式由最接近它的名詞詞組的單復(fù)數(shù)形式?jīng)Q定。例如：Neitherthestudentsnortheteacherknowsanythingaboutit．Oneortwodaysareenoughtovisitthecity.d．therebe句型中的謂語動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)形式一般取決于其后的真正主語的單復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如：Thereisagardeninfrontofthehouse．TherearetwothingsI'dliketosayhere．7)關(guān)于幾對容易混淆詞組的一致用法a由“anumberof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；由“thenumberof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。例如：Anumberofstudentsarewaitingforthebus．Thenumberofthestudentsinthisuniversityisincreasingyearly.b．oneof，the(only)oneof的一致用法Thisisoneofthebooksthathavebeenrecommended．Thisisthe(only)oneofthebooksthathasbeenrecommended．cmuch和muchof后接不可數(shù)名詞，而many和manyof后接可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。例如：Thereisnotmuchcoalleft．Agreatmanyofthehouseswereknockeddownbytheearthquake．教學(xué)內(nèi)容：重難點(diǎn)突破：1.

Listeningtoloudmusicatrockconcerts

causedhearinglossinsometeenagers.A.is

B.are

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difficulttounderstand．A．a(chǎn)re；are

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C．a(chǎn)re；is

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B.wears

C.hasworn

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B.are

C.hasbeen

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visitBeijingthissummer.A.isgoingt

B.aregoingto

C.wasgoingto

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invited.A.were

B.havebeen

C.hasbeen

D.wassurveyoftheopinionsofexperts

thatthreehoursofoutdoorexerciseaweek

goodforone’shealth.A.show;are

B.shows;is

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D.shows;arelivedaybyday，butinthegreatthings，thetimeofdaysandweeks

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D.havebeenaresultoftheseriousflood，two-thirdsofthebuildingsinthearea

_____.A.needrepairing

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D.needtorepaircompanyhadabout20notebookcomputersbutonlyone-third

usedregularly.Nowwehave60workingalldaylong.A.is

B.are

C.was

D.wereofwhathasbeensaidabouttheSmiths

alsotrueoftheJohnsons.A.are

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D.tobepoetandartist

comingtospeaktousaboutChineseliteratureandpaintingtomorrowafternoon.A.is

B.are

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workingmoreforestsbeingdestroyed，hugequantitiesofgoodearth

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beingwashedawaywashingaway

beingwashedawayteacher，with6girlsand8boysofherclass，

visitingamuseumwhentheearthquakestruck.

been

beoneinthedepartmentbutTomandI

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toknowthirdthecountry______coveredwithtreesandthemajorityofthecitizens_______blackpeople.A.is;areB.is;isC.are;areD..are;isfactoryand65percentoftherawmaterials,therestofwhich_____savedforotherpurposes.A.isB.areC.wasD.were,whichisoneofthelargestAmericansupermarketchains,someofitsstoreopen24hoursonMondaysthroughSaturdays.A.keeps B.keep C.havekept D.hadkeptbasketballcoach,aswellashisteam,______interviewedshortlyafterthematchfortheiroutstandingperformance.A.wereB.wasC.isD.arethescientificevidence____thatincreasinguseofchemicalsinfarming_____damagingourhealth.A.show;areB.shows;areC.show;is