2023學年完整版Unit2Theenvironment設(shè)計4

Unit2theenvironment教學設(shè)計教學目標:Knowledgeaims:Learntheusageofthenewwordsandexpressions.Abilityaims:Learntousethesenewwordsandexpressionsindifferentsituations.Emotionalaims:Enjoythedifferentwaysoflearningandusingthesenewwordsandexpressions.【教學重點】Words:debate,lay,approach,figure,production,beneficial,responsibility,effective,willing,state,shock,disappoint,shame,arrival,limited,decrease,equipment,measure,raise,concern,importance,advise,endanger,remain,effort,appreciateExpressions:cutbackon,runoutof,Itisobviousthat…,wipeout,inaddition,openthefloor,Whatif,take…intoconsideration,providesomething.forsomebody.,bestockedwith,pickout,ondoingsomething,intheformof,belikelytodosomething,relyon,resultin,leadto,underway,focuson,itisillegaltodosomething,prohibitsomebodyfromdoingsomething,solutiontosomething【教學難點】Howtolearnthesewordsindifferentwaysindifferentsituationsandhowtousethesewordsandexpressionscorrectlyandfreely.【教具準備】CAIequipmentwithaMulti-mediaclassroomandothernormalteachingtools【教學過程】Step1GreetingStep2Leadin(Beforethestudentscometolearnthenewwordsandexpressions,theyshouldbedividedintoseveralgroupstolearnthewordsbythemselves)Toasksomestudentsfromeachgrouptopresenttheirwork.Step3Differentwaystolearnthenewwordsandexpression.Part1Wordsfrompage22to25根據(jù)所給釋義寫出本單元出現(xiàn)的詞1._______formaldiscussionatapublicmeeting2._______produceeggs;putinacertainposition3._______comenearto;getcloseto4._______havinggoodeffect;helpful5._______processofproducing6._______beingresponsible;duty7._______havinganeffect8._______readytohelp9._______symbolforanumber答案解析debatedebate既可用作名詞，又可用作動詞，意為“辯論，爭辯，爭論”。用作名詞時有如下用法：AfteralongdebateDavidwaschosencaptainofourschoolfootballteam.Theproposalunderdebatewasputforwardbyourmonitor.用作動詞時，過去式和過去分詞分別是debated，debated；現(xiàn)在分詞為debating。常構(gòu)成短語debateaboutsth.withsb.意為“與某人爭論某事”等。舉例如下：Whataretheydebatingabout?Theyweredebatingwhethertogotothemountainsortotheseasidefortheirholidays?Beforewemakeafinaldecision,wemustdebatethequestionwiththerestofthemembers.Wedebatedformorethananhourontheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofthatplantoprotectourenvironment.名詞debater的意思是辯論者laylay在本單元是用作動詞，意思有“產(chǎn)卵，下蛋，放置，擺放”等。其過去式、過去分詞分別為laid，laid，現(xiàn)在分詞是laying。lay的主要用法有：Howmanyeggsdoesthehenlayeachweek?Newlaideggs,onedollareachdozen.Shelaidherhandonmyshoulder.Pleaselaydownyourpensandjustlistentomecarefully.Icarefullylaidmynewjacketonthebed.Thenbothsidesstartedlayingtheblameoneachother.Whydon’tyoulaythatproblemasideforawhileandthinkaboutitlater?Hewaswillingtolaydownhislifeforhiscountry.lay構(gòu)成的詞組很多，請說出下面句子中這些詞組的意思：a.放重點在……上 b.擺設(shè)餐具 c.歸罪于 d.暫時解雇 e.儲蓄Pleaselaythetablefordinner.Thecouplelaidasidesomemoneyfortheiroldage.Thepresidentlaidgreatemphasisonwouldpeace.Don’tlayalltheblamefortheaccidentonme.Someworkerswerelaidoffbecauseofashortageofmaterials.Keys:b e a c d注意lay與lie的區(qū)別。lie有兩種意思，一是“說謊”，過去式、過去分詞分別為lied，lied；現(xiàn)在分詞是lying；二是“位于，躺”，過去式、過去分詞分別為lay，lain；現(xiàn)在分詞是lying。請根據(jù)句子意思，用lay或lie的正確形式填空。Please_______thebookwhereit_______.Thelittleboy_______thathe_______theegg_______bythehen_______underthetreeinthebox.Keys:(1)lay,lay (2)lied,hadlaid,laid,lyingapproachapproach既可用作及物動詞，又可用作不及物動詞，意為“接近，靠近”，分別可指距離上、時間上，或某種狀態(tài)上的接近。如：Thelittleboyapproachedthemousequietlyandwatchedit.Assummerapproached,theweatherbecamehotterandhotter.Hisworkisapproachingperfection.Heisratherdifficulttoapproach.＝It’snoteasytogetonfriendlytermswithhim.approach也可用作名詞，指“接近，漸近”或“（人）易、難親近”。如：Thebirdsflewawayinalldirectionsatmyapproach.Theapproachoftheexaminationmadehimnervous.Myclassteacheriseasyofapproach.beneficialbeneficial是形容詞，意為“有益的，有利的，有幫助的”，是正式用語。常構(gòu)成短語“bebeneficialto…”，意為“對……有幫助的”，如：Enoughsleep,goodfoodandsomeexercisearebeneficialtothehealth.Ihopethisholidaywillbebeneficialformyhusband,whoisunderhighpressureofwork.beneficial的名詞和動詞都是benefit。作為名詞時，意為“利益，幫助，恩惠，益處”，常構(gòu)成短語beofbenefitto，意為“對……有裨益”；以及forthebenefitof，意為“為了……的利用”，用法如下：Igotalotofbenefitfromtravelingaroundtheworld.Thesecollectedmoneywillbeusedforthebenefitofthepeoplefromflood-strickenareas.benefit既可用作及物動詞，又可作不及物動詞，意為“有益于；對……有益，因……得到利益”。如：Theprojectforenvironmentalprotectionwillbenefitusenormously.Ibenefitedalotfrommyteacher’ductionproduction作不可數(shù)名詞時，意為“生產(chǎn)，產(chǎn)出，產(chǎn)量，生產(chǎn)量”。如：Thecompanyisfamousfortheproductionofmobilephones.Productionhasbeenincreasedbyusingbettermethods.Tduction的動詞是produce，意為“生產(chǎn)”；形容詞是“productive”，意為“多產(chǎn)的”；另外一個名詞是可數(shù)名詞product，意為“產(chǎn)品，生產(chǎn)物”，如：Whatarethechieffarmproductsinyourprovince?responsibilityresponsibility是不可數(shù)名詞，意為“責任，職責，負責”，如：Hedon’thaveasenseofresponsibility,soheisn’tpopularwithhisclassmates.Hetriedtoavoidtakingresponsibilityfortheaccident.Itistheresponsibilityofeveryofustoprotectourenvironment.responsible是形容詞，意為“有責任的，應(yīng)負責任的”，如：Parentsareresponsiblefortheirchildren’ssafety.Whoisresponsibleforthemessintheclassroom?Isn’thetooyoungforsucharesponsiblejob?effectiveeffective是形容詞，意為“有效的”，如：Thelocalgovernmenthasalreadytakensomeeffectivemeasuretodevelopthecitywithoutdamagingtheecosystem.Thismedicineishighlyeffectiveagainstbird-flu.ThenewlawbecomeseffectiveonOctober1st.effective的比較級和最高級分別為“moreeffective”和“themosteffective”。其副詞為effectively，意為“有效地”。反義詞是ineffective，意為“無效的”；名詞是effect，意為“功效，作用”，常構(gòu)成詞組havea/an…effecton…，意為“對…產(chǎn)生…的作用”。effect一詞的用法舉例如下：Thismedicinehadagood/abad/aside/anill/aninstant/anegativeeffectonthatpatient.Punishmenthadverylittleeffectonthosefactories,whichcreatedharmfulwaste.Theplansofprotectingtheendangeredanimalswillsoonbecarriedintoeffect.willingwilling是形容詞，意為“樂意的，自愿的”。如：Areyouwillingthatheshouldbeadmittedintoourclub?Aretheywillingworkersforenvironmentalprotection?willing的比較級和最高級分別是morewilling和themostwilling，其副詞是willingly，意為“樂意地”，名詞是“willingness”，意為“心甘情愿”，如：Hegaveuphisseattotheoldladywillingly.Thosevolunteersshowedgreatwillingnesstoserveinthe2008OlympicGames.figurefigure可用作名詞，意為“數(shù)字”，如：ItisreportedthatalotofpeopleinChinaareinfectedwithAIDS.Thefigureisreallyincredible.Hehasanincomeofsixfigures.Thepriceofthehouseisinsevenfigures.figure用作名詞還有其他意思，如“圖形，身材，大人物”等。如：Theblackboardwascoveredwithinterestingfigures.Itakeexerciseeverymorningtokeepmyfigure.BillGatesisanoutstandingfigureinIT.figure也可用作動詞，構(gòu)成詞組figureout，意為“計算出，理解”，如：Ican’tfigureoutwhyshedroppedschool.鞏固練習：用上面9個單詞的正確形式填空Birdfluisspreadingquicklyallovertheworld.Andsomepeoplewhoareinfectedwiththevirus,evendiedofit.Itisreportedthatthe___1___isincreasingassummer2.Wordcamethatthereisasuspectedcaseinthenearbyvillage.Sothevillagersareholdingameeting,3whethertheyshouldcutbackonthe4oftheireggproducts.Somevillagerssaytheyare5tokilltheirhens,which6eggseveryday,ifitis7tothehealthofthevillagers,sinceitisthe8ofeachvillagertopreventthediseasefromspreading.Butsomevillagersarguethattheycantakesome9measurestoprotectthemselves.Keys:1.figure 2.debating 3.approaches 4.production 5.willing 6.lay 7.beneficial 8.responsibility 9.effectivePart2Wordsfrompage29to35根據(jù)首字母拼寫出本單元出現(xiàn)的單詞buildingsareinabads_______.Itissuggestedthattheybepulleddown.weres_______bythenewsthatmorethan20studentswerekilledintheroadaccident.werereallyd_______atthenewsthatalltheticketshadbeensoldout.shouldthrowthecatintothewell.Itisas_______totreatanimalslikethat.hisa_______attheairport,hetelephonedhome.ischallengingforustofinishthisprojectinal_______time.populationofthevillagehasd_______by120toabout600.moderntechnicale_______ofhislaboratorymadeitaspecialone.m_______doyousupposeweshouldtaketoprotectourenvironment?答案解析statestate在本單元用作名詞，意為“狀態(tài)，狀況，情形”。用法如下：Generallyspeaking,matterhasthreestates－solid,liquidandgas.Thepatientisinapoorstateofhealth.state用作名詞還可指“國家、（構(gòu)成聯(lián)邦共和國的）州、國家的”。如：HowmanystatesarethereintheUnitedStatesofAmerica?Therailroadsbelongtothestateinthiscountry.state也可用作動詞，意為“陳述、聲明”。如：ThevisitingPrimeMinisterstatedthatseveralagreementshadbeenreachedduringthestatevisit.shockedshock是及物動詞，意為“使震驚，使震動”。Theresultofthetsunamiisveryshocking,withdeadbodieshereandthere.Iwasshockedatthenewsofhissuddendeath.＝Iwasshockedtohearthenewsofhissuddendeath.shock也可用作名詞，意為“震驚、沖擊、震動”。如：Thenewsofhissuddendeathwasagreatshocktous.Threeshocksoftheearthquakeswerefeltlastnight.[拓展] 同shock一樣，還有一些不可數(shù)名詞，如success，failure，honor，danger，surprise等；當指具體的每個人或某件事時，前面可加a或an，如： LiuXiangisreallyagreatsuccess. Myclassteacherturnedupatmybirthdayparty,whichwasreallyabigsurprise.disappointeddisappoint是及物動詞，意為“使失望”。常以過去分詞disappointed作形容詞，意為“失望的，沮喪的”，構(gòu)成詞組bedisappointedat/about/with，意為“對…而感到失望”，及bedisappointedtodosth.，意為“做…而感到失望”。用法舉例如下：Theresultoftheexperimentreallydisappointedus.Pleasedon’tdisappointme.Whatareyoulookingsodisappointedabout?Hewasdisappointedtohearthenewsthathisvisawasrefused.Weweredisappointedthatourteamhadlostthegame.disappointing是形容詞，意為“讓人失望的，令人掃興的”，如：Howdisappointingtheweatherthissummeris!disappointment是名詞，意為“失望，灰心，掃興”，如：Whenheheardthebadnews,hisdisappointmentwasobvious.Muchtomydisappointment,thepicnicwasputoffbecauseofthebadweather.shameshame在本單元用作名詞，意為“可恥的事或人”時可用作可數(shù)名詞，“羞恥，羞愧”時是不可數(shù)名詞。如：Whatashametotakeintheoldlady!Hewascalledashametohisclassforhischeatingintheexam.Tomyshame,Imadethesamemistakeagain.Theboyhunghisheadinshame.Ifeltshameathavingtoldalie.shameful是形容詞，意為“可恥的”，shamefully是副詞，意為“可恥的”。arrivalarrival是名詞，意為“到達者；到達物；到達，到來”。如：OurtimeofarrivalinSydneyiseighto’clock.Onhisarrivalhome,hekissedbothofhiskids.Wearewaitingforthearrivalofthenews.Thereareseveralnewarrivalsatthehotel.arrive用作不及物動詞，意為“到達，抵達”。arrive后面加介詞at，則為到達較小的場所，如：家、店、鎮(zhèn)等；后面加介詞in，則為到達較大的地方，如：國家、大都市等；而on則用于島嶼及現(xiàn)場等，如：Whenshallwearriveattheairport?I’llphoneyouthetimeIarriveinNewYork.Thepolicearrivedonthesceneinnotime.Ittookthemalongtimetoarriveataconclusion.Atlastthedaytheyhadbeenlookingforwardtoarrived.limitedlimited為形容詞，意為“有限的”。如：Hisknowledgeofhistoryisratherlimited.Thelimitededitionmadethestampmovevaluable.Youshoulddrivewithinthelimitedspeedinthisarea,otherwiseyou’llbefined.limit作名詞時，意為“極限，限度，界限”。如：Thetaskistoomuchforme.Iknowmylimits.Herpatiencereacheditslimit.Ifonlythebankswouldlendmoneywithoutlimit?limit作動詞時，意為“限制，限定”。常用詞組limitsb./sth.tosth.，意為“把…限制在…內(nèi)”。如：Wemustlimittheexpensetowhatwecanafford.Motherlimitedustoanice-creameach.decreaseddecrease既可作動詞用，又可作名詞用，反義詞為increase。作動詞時，意為“減少，使減退”。如：Thankstothenewtrafficlaw,thenumberoftrafficaccidenthasdecreased.Thenumberofmiludeerhasdecreasedto250inthatarea.Theconductordecreasedthespeedofthetrainbecauseofthetrafficaccidentahead.decrease作名詞時，意為“減少的數(shù)量”。詞組onthedecrease相當于decreasing，意為“在減少中”。如：Therehasbeenadecreaseinthenumberofsmokersthisyear.Istheftonthedecrease?equipmentequipment是不可數(shù)名詞，意為“設(shè)備，器材，裝備”。如：What’sthecostofequipment?We’llvisitafactorywithmodernequipmentthisafternoon.Hespentmuchtimeandmoneyontheequipmentofhisnewhouse.equip是動詞，意為“裝備于…，使…本身具備”，過去式、過去分詞分別為equipped、equipped，現(xiàn)在分詞為equipping。用法舉例如下：Shallweequipourofficewithaprinter?Wefoundournewschoolequippedwithdifferentkindsofsportsfacilities.Themorewelearn,themoreequippedfordealingwithallkindsofproblemsinthemodernsocietywebecome.measuresmeasure在本單元作可數(shù)名詞用，意為“措施，方法”，通常以復數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)。如：Thetookstrongmeasuresagainstdangerousdrivers.Theschoolhastakensomemeasurestopreventcheating.measure作名詞時，還有“尺寸，大小，基準”等。如：Ihadacoatmadetomyownmeasure.Itookthemeasureofmystudy.Wealthisnotalwaysthemeasureofsuccess.measure可用作動詞，意為“測量（長度，大小，重量等），測定；測…的尺寸”。如：Thetailormeasuredmeforasuit.Thepolicemenaremeasuringthespeedofcars.鞏固練習：用上面的9個單詞的正確形式填空Tomhasbeenintheuniversityforthreeyears.Oneday,hismotherwas___1___tobeinformedthatTomhadbeenaddictedtocomputergamesandhadfailedintheexam.Shedecidedtogototheuniversityinperson.Onher___2___there,shewas___3___tofindhersoninapoor___4___ofhealth,forhehadspenttoomuchtimeoncomputergames.Tomhunghisheadin___5___infrontofhismother,admittingthetimehespentonhisstudyhad___6___sincehebecameinterestedinon-linegames.Buthepromisedthathewouldmakeuseofthemodern___7___inthelabinthe___8___timeandworkedhardtocatchupwithhisclassmates.Hismotherhopedthat,atthesametime,theuniversitywouldtakesome___9___tohelpthoseaddictedstudents.Key:1.shocked 2.arrival 3.disappointed 4.state 5.shame 6.decreased 7.equipment 8.limited Part3Wordsonpage38根據(jù)句意及中文，寫出本單元出現(xiàn)的詞。Hisfunnystoryduringhisspeed______(引起)fewlaughs.Someofthekidsareaddictedtocomputergames,whicharouses______(關(guān)注，關(guān)心)ofbothparentsandteachers.Duringhisspeech,theMinisterofEducationemphasizedthe______(重要性)ofeducation.Canyou______(建議，忠告)meontheproblem?Thewaterpollution______(危及)thelivingthingsintheriverinthepast.Afterthefire,verylittle______(留存，剩下)ofmyhouse.Hemadeevery______(努力)toachievehighgrades.You’ll______(欣賞)thiscitybetterifyouknowitshistoryandculture.You’dbetter______(保留)themoneyforfutureneed.答案解析raisedraise是及物動詞，在本單元意為“引發(fā)；提出”。如：Hislongabsenceraisedfearsabouthissafety.ThetsunamiinIndonesiaraisedconcernbothathomeandabroad.ThereportonUFOraisedthecuriosityofthekids.Doesanyonehaveanypointstoraise?raise還有許多其他意思，請根據(jù)句意說說它們不同的含義。a.飼養(yǎng)（家畜等） b.籌款，籌措 c.舉起，抬起 d.建立，建造 e.抬高，提高Pleaseraiseyourhandsifyouarefortheplan.Hisfatherraisedhisvoiceinanger.Thefarmerraised20pigsandsomechickens.Theyraisedenoughmoneyfortheenvironmentalproductionproject.Theyplannedtoraiseamonumentforthedead.Keys:c e a b d注意：raise是及物動詞，其過去式、過去分詞分別為raised，raised；現(xiàn)在分詞是raising。而rise是不及物動詞，過去式、過去分詞分別為rose，risen；現(xiàn)在分詞是rising。 請試著以raise和rise的不同形式填寫以下句子。Hetoldusthathe______byhisaunt.Asweallknow,thesun______intheeastandsetsinthewest.Theriver______3inchessinceitrained.Hestoodtherewithhisrighthand______.Agreatnumberofnations______andfellinthecourseofhistory.Thepriceofacupofcoffee______bytencents.Isawtears______tohereyes.He______tohisfeet,______hisvoiceinanger.Keys:1.wasraised 2.rises 3.hasrisen 4.raised 5.rose 6.hasrisen/hasbeenraised 8.rose,raisingconcernconcern在本單元作名詞用，意為“關(guān)心，關(guān)注”。如：ThefamoussingerexpressedparticularconcernforthosechildreninfectedwithAIDS.Hisgreatestconcerniswhethertheendangeredanimalswillbeprotected.It’snoconcernofmine.Themothershowedagreatdealofconcernforherson’sillness.詞組asfaras…beconcerned意為“就…而言”。如：AsfarasI’mconcerned,I’mnotagainsttheplan.concerned為形容詞，意為“擔心的，擔憂的”，如：Weareallconcernedabouthersafety.concerning為介詞，意為“關(guān)于，涉及”。如：TheproblemconcerningtheprotectionofTaihuLakewillbediscussedtomorrow.Concerninghisproposal,therewereprosandcons.importanceimportance為不可數(shù)名詞，意為“重要性”。如：That’samatterofgreatimportancetous.Theeducatoremphasizedtheimportanceofdevelopingteamspiritbetweenchildren.[注意]be+of+抽象名詞（importance,value,use,help…）＝be+該抽象名詞的形容詞（important,valuable,useful,helpful…）。如：Hisadviceisofgreatvalue.＝Hisadviceisveryvaluable.important為形容詞，意為“重要的”，常用于以下句型：Itisimportantforustomasteraforeignlanguageinthemodernsociety.Itisimportantthatyou(should)keepyourpromise.＝Itisimportantforyoutokeepyourpromise.adviseadvise是及物動詞，意為“建議，勸告”。常有以下用法：Thedoctoradvisedacompleterest./takingaweek’srestIadvisedhimtostopsmokinganddrinking.＝Iadvisedhimthathe(should)stopsmokinganddrinking.Iadvisedheragainstmarryingthatdishonestman.＝Iadvisedhernottomarrythatdishonestman.advice是名詞，意為“建議，勸告”。如：Youwon’tgetwellunlessyoutake/followthedoctor’sadvice.I’llaskmyteacherforadviceonthismatter.That’sagoodpieceofadviceyougaveme.endangeredendanger是及物動詞，意為“使受危險，危及”。如：Hislazinessendangeredhischancesofsuccess.endangered是形容詞，意為“瀕臨絕種危險的”。如：ArepandasendangeredinChina?danger是名詞，意為“危險，危險物”。如：Thedrowningboyisindangeroflosinghislife.Thetigerisagreatdangertothevillagers.dangerous是形容詞，意為“危險的，不安全的”。如：It’sdangeroustoplayonaroad.remainedremain是不及物動詞，意為“留存，剩余，逗留，仍然是”。如：Ifyoutake3from10,7remains.Whowouldliketoremainandhelpmedothedishes?Whostolethefamouspaintingremainsunknown.Itremainstobeseenwhetherhewillpassthedrivingtest.Theyremaingoodfriendsthoughnowtheystudyintwodifferentcities.Theboyboughthismotherabirthdaygiftwiththeremainingthreedollars.efforteffort是名詞，意為“努力”。如：HesparednoefforttohelpmewithmyEnglish.Allmyeffortswereinvain.Heliftedtheheavyrockwithouteffort.Pleasemakeanefforttoarriveearly.Theeffortsofthegovernmenttohelpthedisabledmadeadeepimpressiononallthepeoplewhoattendedthemelting.appreciateappreciate是及物動詞，意為“贊賞，欣賞，賞識”。如：Youcan’tappreciatethenovelunlessyouknowitsbackground.Hisworkswerenotappreciateduntilafterhisdeath.Weallappreciateaholidayafterayearofhardwork.Iappreciateitwhenyouhelpotherswhentheyareintrouble.appreciate還有“感激”的意思。如：Iappreciateyourtimelyhelp.appreciation是名詞，意為“鑒識，鑒賞力”等。如：Hehasadeepappreciationofliterature.reservereserve即可用作名詞，意為“保護區(qū)，保留”，也可用作動詞，意為“保留，保存”。如：Afteralongjourney,wecametoaforestreserve.Ihavelittlemoneyinreserve.Wediscussedtheproblemwithoutreserve.Imustreservestrengthforclimbingthemountaintomorrow.reserve還有“預訂，留作專用”之意。如：AllseatsreservedThefirstthreerowsofthehallarereservedforspecialguests.鞏固練習：用上面9個單詞的正確形式填空Lastnight,whenIwaswatchingTV,myattentionwasdrawntoaspecialprogrammeaboutaforest___1___,whichwastakengoodcareofbyanoldman.Hemadegreat___2___toprotectthe___3___plantsandanimalsthereinallhislife.Whenhewasinterviewed,hesaidhewould___4___thereandlivedtherestofhislife.Healso___5___thateverycitizenshouldknowthe___6___ofprotectingtheecosystem.Heexpressedhewould___7___thosewhojoinedhiminthecause.Ithinkthisspecialprogrammewill___8______9___alloverthecountry.Key:1.reserve 2.efforts 3.endangered 4.remain 5.advised 7.appreciate 8.raise 9.concernPart4Phrasesfrompage22to25用下列詞組的適當形式完成句子cutbackon runoutof Itisobviousthat… wipeoutinaddition openthefloor WhatifTheygotlostintheforest.______,itwasrainingcatsanddogs.Aterriblediseasebrokeout,anditalmost______thepopulationoftheisland.Yourmotherisoutofworknow.Mysuggestionisthatyoushould______yourlivingcost.______youareconcernedaboutthereformsintheeducationalsystem.Nowit’stimeforusto______forourdiscussiononhowtomakefulluseofnaturalresources.Wearedoubtingwhetherwe______allournaturalresources.______aliensshouldattacktheearth?答案解析Inadditioninaddition意為“另外，加之，又”，作副詞用，相當于besides或aswell。如：Hehadnotimetopreparethislecture,inaddition,hewasunwell。Therewasabigearthquakeand,inaddition,therewereterribletsunamis.Inaddition,thereisonemorepointIwouldliketomake.inadditionto作介詞用，意為“加之，除了…之外”。如：HespeaksFrenchinadditiontoEnglish.Inadditiontothesandwiches,AuntMarygaveuscookiestobringtothepicnic.此外，addition的動詞是add，能構(gòu)成不同的詞組。addsomethingto…，意為“把…添加入…”；addupto，意為“總計”；addto意為“增添”。如：Pleaseaddsomemoresalttothissoup.Allhisschooleducationaddeduptonomorethanoneyear.Thenewsthattheroadwasblockedaddedtoheranxiety.wipedoutwipeout在本單元意為“掃除，消滅”，還有“擦洗…的內(nèi)部，雪恥”等意思。如：Ihopethattheterriblescenewillbewipedoutfromthelittleboy’smemory.Itisreportedthattheimportedplantwillwipeoutsomeoftheoriginalspeciesthere.Alltheinformationsavedinthecomputerwaswipedoutbythevirus.Thedeadlydiseasealmostwipedouttheentirepopulation.Thehouseswerewipedoutbytheflood.Couldyouwipethebathout?wipe還能構(gòu)成其他詞組，請試著說出下面這些句子中詞組的意思。a.（把濺出的水等）抹掉 b.擦掉c.擦去（眼淚等） d.把…擦干Willyoupleasewipeoffthedrawingfromtheblackboard?Pleasewipeupthatspiltcoffee.Shewipedhertearsawaywithherhandkerchief.Pleasewipetheglassesdry.Keys:b a c dcutbackoncutbackon意為“削減，縮減，減少”。如：They’vealreadycutbackproductionbytwentypercent.Youhavetocutbackonspending.由cut構(gòu)成的詞組有很多，請試著說出下面這些句子中各詞組的意思：a.切碎 b.插嘴 c.切斷（電力、煤氣、自來水等）d.剪下 e.使孤立 f.砍倒Theelectricitywascutoffbecauseoftheterriblestorm.Theyshouldn’thavecutdownthoseyoungtrees.Tomakethedish,youshouldfirstcutupthevegetablesintosmallpieces.HecutoutanarticleaboutLiuxiangfromthenewspaper.ThemomentIbegantospeak,hecutin.Thevillagewascutoffbytheheavysnow.Keys:c f a d b eItisobviousthat…Itisobviousthat…是個固定句型，意為“…是顯然的”。如：Itisobviousthathetoldheralie.Itisobviousthathedidn’tdoithimself.Itis+形容詞＋that…這種句型比較多見，同學們要學會自己歸納。如：Itisimpossiblethathewillcomethisafternoon.Itislikelythathewillgiveaspeech.Itisimportantthatyoushouldkeepobeytheschoolrules.Itisstrangethatyoudon’tknowhim.Itisnecessarythatyoushouldbuysomanydressesatatime?opentheflooropenthefloor意為“自由發(fā)言”。如：Theclubmembersopenedthefloorfortheirdiscussionwhethertheyshouldgiveuptheplanornot.open的意思有很多。請試著說出下面這些句子中open的含義。a.告知，表明 b.開火 c.展現(xiàn) d.開張 e.以…開始 d.展開，打開。Thelovelyviewopenedoutbeforeoureyes.Heopenedhishearttothegirl.Mydreamistoopenarestaurant.TheRedArmymenopenedfireattheenemy.Heopenedoutafoldingmapforallofusandbeganhisstory.Thestoryopenedwithalovestorybetweenaprinceandaprincess.Keys:c a d b f eoutofrunoutof意為“用完，耗盡”。如：Ihaverunoutofmypocketmoney.＝Mypocketmoneyhasrunout.Wearerunningoutoffuel.＝Ourfuelisrunningout.由run構(gòu)成的短語很多，請試著說出下列各句中run或其詞組的含義。a.褪色 b.逃出，逃跑 c.撞上 d.偶然遇見e.發(fā)燒 f.追趕 g.連續(xù)跑Luckily,theyranawayfromthefire.Iranacrossoneofmyoldfriendsinthestreetthismorning.Thetwopolicemenarerunningafterathief.ThecolorofthisT-shirtrunseasily.Hiscarranintothepost.Thelittlegirlranahighfever.Hewillrunonforhoursifyoudon’tstophim.Keys:b d f a c e gifwhatif常用于口語中，意為“如果…怎么辦？”或“即使…又有什么關(guān)系？”。如：Whatifwhathesaidistrue?Whatifitrainswhilewearestillonourwayhome?Whatifhegetsangry?what或其構(gòu)成的短語經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)在口語中，表達不同的意思。請根據(jù)句意選擇合適的答案。a.What! b.Whatthough c.Whatfor? d.Sowhat? e.Whatabout f.whatittakes ______goingoutforawalkaftersupper?—I’llgotoParisnestmonth?—______.______Didyoulosethecollectedmoney?—You’vetoldallourplantoourclassteacher?—______.______wearepoor,westillhaveeachother.Perseveranceis______tosucceed.Keys:e c d d b f鞏固練習:用上面所學的7個短語的適當形式填空Are youoftencaughtintheheavytrafficjam?Areyousurroundedbythenumerousnewsofterriblecaraccidents?___1___,haveyoufoundthattheairbecomeslessfresh?Yes,___2___withthenumberoftheprivatecarsincreasingrapidlythesedays,newproblemscomeup.Isay,it’stimeforallthecitizensto___3___forthisdiscussionwhetherthecarproductionshouldbe___4___. Orshallwetakesomemeasurestotakethesituationundercontrol?___5___we___6___thepetrolintheworld?Willtheterriblesceneinthesciencefictionfilmcometrue?Ihopeitwill___7___fromourmemory.Comeon!Pleasetakeactiontodosomethingforourselves.Keys: 1.Inaddition 2.Itisobviousthat, 3.openthefloor 4.cutbackon 5.Whatif 6.runoutof 7.bewipedoutPart5Phrasesfrompage29to35用下列詞組的適當形式完成句子take…intoconsideration,provide…for…,bestockedwith,pickout,ondoingsth.,intheformof,belikelytododietcontainsalotoffat______potatocrisps,potatochips,butter,creamandchocolate.ship______moderntechnicalequipmentandcomputerforweatherresearch.arebusy______areaswhichareeasilyattackedbytheterrorists.______cometotheconcert,forheisamusicfan.shouldwe______whenwegorock-climbing?thenews,allofusjumpedwithjoy.______differentthings,includingbooks,clothes,food______thosechildrenfrommountainousareas.答案解析theformofintheformof意為“以…的形式，形態(tài)”。如：Shetaughtthechildrenthe26lettersintheformofanEnglishsong.Heshoweduswaterintheformofice,snow,andsteam.form還有其它意思，如：Pleasefillintheapplicationform.Thatathletewasoutofformandhelostthegame.Adarkformcouldbeseeninthedistance.HeformedthehabitofreadingAnideaformedinhismind.stockedwith]bestockedwith意為“裝備有…，儲備有…”。如：ThatshopiswellstockedwiththelatestfashionsofMP3.Thatmaniswellstockedwithinformation.stock除動詞外，也可用作名詞。如：WehaveeverytypeofcolorTVsinstock.I’msorry,thissizeofshoesisoutofstock.outpickout意為“找出，挑選”。如：Shepickedoutapairofshoesthatmatcheshermother’sdressasabirthdaygift.Wouldyoupickouttheplaceswhereshewouldpossiblygo?pickout還有“了解、領(lǐng)會”這一含義。如：Heisalwaysquickinpickingoutthemeaningofapassage.pick組成的短語也不少，請試著說出下列句子中pick短語的含義。a.挑三揀四 b.駕車去接某人 c.恢復健康 d.遭扒竊 e.偶然獲得 f.采花ShallIpickyouupatthestation?Ihadmypocketpickedyesterday.Theboywascaughtpickingflowersinthegarden.Don’tpickandchoose.Weareshortofmoneythesedays.Ithinkhe’llpickupsoon.Hepickeduptheinformationinamostunlikelyplace.Keys:b d f a c elikelytobelikelyto相當于bepossibletodo，意為“有可能會…”。如：Itislikelytoraintonight.Itisreportedthattheincidentislikelytoleadtoawar.它的另外一個句型是Itislikelythat…。此處的likely不能換成possible。如：Heislikelytowin