2013屆高考英語第一輪課時復(fù)習(xí)課件20無憂

Units1～2Ⅰ.單詞默寫1．politician

n．政治家，政客2．smoothly

adv.平穩(wěn)地；順利地；平滑地3．squeeze

n．拮據(jù)，緊缺；擠壓4．bookworm

n．書蟲，酷愛讀書的人5．power

vt.給……提供動力，驅(qū)動6．a(chǎn)lternative

adj.可供選擇的，二選一的7．tentative

adj.嘗試的，試探的，實驗性的8．changeable

adj.易變的；可變的9．preferential

adj.優(yōu)惠的，特惠的；優(yōu)先的10．closed

adj.封閉的，排外的；封閉的，關(guān)閉的11．yearly

adv.&adj.happeningeveryyearoronceayear12．conventional

adj.thinkingandbehavinginthenormalandtraditionalway13．casual

adj.withoutanyclearaimorseriousinterest14．partner

n.oneofthepeoplewhoownsabusiness15．submit

vt.toformallysendsomethinginwritingtosomeoneforthemtoconsiderⅡ.詞匯拓展1．importvt.進口；輸入n．進口；輸入→export(反義詞)2．dependentadj.依靠的，依賴的→depend

v．依賴3．repayvt.償還；報答，回報→repayment

n．償貸，還債4．casualadj.隨意的，非正式的；不經(jīng)意的，漫不經(jīng)心的→casually

adv.不經(jīng)意地，隨便地5．a(chǎn)djustmentn．調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié)→adjust

v．調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié)語境助記——詞不離句，句不離段Africanpoliticianssubmitedatentativeandalternativeplanthattheymustchangetheclosedpolicytoenduptherepayment.Theyalsosuggestedthatthegovernmentshouldadjustmeasurestoincreasetheimportandpreferentialpolicy.

Ⅲ.短語落實1．takeadvantageof/makeuseof利用2．putpressureon給……施加壓力3．ontopof另外，此外4．withoutdoubt毫無疑問5．bedependenton依靠，依賴；隨……而定6．putintopractice將……付諸實施7．Submitto服從，順從，聽任8．Taketo開始從事；喜歡，沉溺于9．Inlargenumbers大量地10．wordofmouth言傳，口口相傳Ⅳ.句子翻譯1．Today,somedevelopingcountriesinAfrica,AsiaandSouthAmericastandatacrossroads.(Page2)今天，非洲、亞洲和南美洲的一些發(fā)展中國家正處于關(guān)鍵時刻。2．ThesecountriescollectedtheRomaandsentthemtoothercountries,oftenwithoutafairhearing.(Page31)這些國家將羅姆人集中起來，通常未經(jīng)公正的申訴就把他們遣送到其他國家。3．它們是授人以漁的成果，讓一個人可以一生填飽自己的肚子。(Page3)Theyaretheresultofteachingamanto_fishso_thathecanfillhisbellyforalifetime.4．這就是許多人強烈要求使用替代能源的原因。(Page14)Thisiswhymanypeoplearepushingfortheuseofalternativeenergy

sources.5．現(xiàn)在，所有的年輕人——甚至我的親人——都搬走了。(Page19)Now,alltheyoungpeople—evenmyownfleshandblood—moveaway.targetvt.把……作為目標

n．靶子，目標

【課本原句】TheFood-for-Growthprogramme,whichtargetspeoplemostatrisk,suchasbabies,pregnant,womenandtheelderly.(P2)健康成長糧食計劃——它主要以身處危險中的人群作為目標，比如嬰兒，孕婦，婦女和老人?！韭?lián)想拓展】targetsb/sth把……作為目標targetsthon/atsth/sb目的在于hitatarget完成指標setatargetforsth為……制定目標meetatarget達到目標ontarget按目標aneasytarget很容易擊中的目標；容易受攻擊的人

——看看高考怎么考翻譯句子①Suchaggressivetargetsaredifficultbecausedesignrequirementslikenaturallightforstudentsgoagainsttherealitiesofadesertclimate. (2009·湖北卷·閱讀理解D)像這種侵略目標很難實現(xiàn)，因為設(shè)計要求為學(xué)生有足夠的光線，這和沙漠氣候的現(xiàn)實相矛盾。②Whattypeofreaderisthenewmagazinetargeting?這本新雜志把什么樣的讀者視為目標？③Theprogrammeistargetedatimprovingthehealthofwomenofallages.這個食譜旨在提高各個年齡段的婦女的健康。④Thebookwillbethetargetofbittercriticism.這本書將成為尖銳批評的對象。

switchvi.

vt.&n．轉(zhuǎn)換，轉(zhuǎn)變【課本原句】Developingcountriescandothisiftheyswitchfromimportingfoodtoproducingit.(P3)如果發(fā)展中國家能從進口食物轉(zhuǎn)換為生產(chǎn)食物，那么他們也能做到?！韭?lián)想拓展】switchon打開switchoff關(guān)掉switchover轉(zhuǎn)換(電臺或電視頻道)；(方法、產(chǎn)品等)完全改變switchwithsb與(同事)調(diào)班switchtosth轉(zhuǎn)換到……

——看看高考怎么考①我們換頻道3看《蝸居》好嗎？ShallweswithoverChannel3forDwellingNarrowness?②我把毯子掀開，又跑去開燈。Iliftedtheblanketandwenttoswithonthelight.【課本原句】Infact,mostofthemhavedebtsthatcanneverberepaid.(P9)事實上，大多數(shù)發(fā)展中國家都有很多不能償還的債務(wù)?！韭?lián)想拓展】repaysbsth(＝repaysthtosb)歸還；償還repaysbforsth因(為)某事回報某人repayableadj.可償還的，應(yīng)償還的repaymentn.償還

repayvt.償還；報答，回報

——看看高考怎么考①我非常想把他們借給我的錢還給他們。Ifullyintendtorepaythemoneytheylentme.②我怎么才能報答你為我所做的一切？HowcanIeverrepayyouforwhatyou'vedonetous?

interestn.

利息；利益；興趣v.

使感興趣【課本原句】However,veryhighinterestrateshavecreatedasituationwherecountriesinthedevelopingworldnowspend$13ondebtrepaymentforevery$1thattheyreceive.(P9)然而，高利率已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了一些國家每賺1美元就要花13美元來還債這樣的情況。【聯(lián)想拓展】show/loseinterestinsth表現(xiàn)出/失去對……的興趣haveno/some/much/littleinterestinsth對……沒有/有些/很有/沒有多少興趣withinterest有興趣地intheinterest(s)of為了……的利益interestsbinsth使某人對某事感興趣beinterestedin對……感興趣翻譯句子①我們有各式各樣的夏令營活動，你可以根據(jù)你的愛好來選擇一個。 (2011·福建卷·單項填空)Wehavevarioussummercampsforyournholidays；youcanchooseonebasedonyourowninterests.②他對此失去了興趣。He'slostinterestinit.③—Thefilmis,Ihavetosay,notabitinteresting.—Why?It's________thanthefilmsIhaveeverseen.(2011·江西卷·單項填空24)A．farmoreinteresting B．muchlessinterestingC．nomoreinteresting D．a(chǎn)nylessinteresting答案A④Youarelookingoutofthewindowagain.Whyareyouso________aboutwhatishappeningoutside？(2011·邵東創(chuàng)新實驗學(xué)校11月月考)A．eager B．interestedC．a(chǎn)nxious D．curious答案D

alternativeadj.可供選擇的，二選一的

n．(二者當中)選一個，

供選擇的東西【課本原句】Thisiswhymanypeoplearepushingfortheuseofalternativeenergysources.(P14)這就是許多人正在強烈要求使用替代能源的原因。【聯(lián)想拓展】havenoalternativebuttodo...別無選擇只好做……alternativelyadv.兩者挑一地alternatev.交替；輪流alternate...with/and...使交替發(fā)生/出現(xiàn)；輪流安排

——看看高考怎么考①Youcanseechangesintheirlifethatareconnectedwiththeiralternative(可供選擇的)breakexperiences.(2011·天津卷·閱讀表達)②我們別無他法只有辭退湯姆。WehavenoalternativebuttofireTom.

choosev．選擇，決定；挑選【課本原句】Wherewouldyouliketomoveifyoucouldchooseaplacetomoveto？(P17)如果你可以選擇的話你會去哪里？choosesth選擇，選取，選中choosetodosth選擇做(寧愿做)，決定做choose...from從……中選出ThereislittletochoosefromAandBA和B不相上下，難以取舍辨析elect/pick/selectelect強調(diào)選舉、推選，即通過投票選擇某人擔任某職位。pick強調(diào)拾起、采集、挑選、竊取、偷。select指“精選”，即有所淘汰。

——看看高考怎么考

根據(jù)句意，選用choose，elect，pick，select的正確形式完成句子①WhenIamfacedwithadifficulty,IusuallychoosetorefertorelevantlearningmaterialsorWebpages.(2011·安徽卷·寫作范文)②Helookedthroughasuitandselectedthecheapestoneforme.③Thechildrenwerepickingtomatoesinthegarden.④Hehadhispocketpickedyesterday.

agen．年齡【課本原句】ThroughouttheMidwestandtheNorth-east,peopleaged60andoverarepackingtheirbagsandheadingsouthalongthefreewaytostatelikeFlorida.(P18)在整個中西部和東北部地區(qū)，60及60歲以上的人們正在收拾行囊，沿著高速公路向南行進到像佛羅里達這樣的州去。agedadj.……歲的；年邁的childrenaged12andover12歲及12歲以上的兒童theaged(＝theold)老年人aging/ageingbuilding老化、陳舊的建筑

【聯(lián)想拓展】attheageof在……歲時atanearlyage在很小的時候act/beyourage成熟點吧besb‘sage與某人同齡reachtheageof`...達到……年齡withage隨著年齡的增大forages好久comeofage達到法定年齡beoverage超齡beunderage未成年，不足年齡

——看看高考怎么考①Everyoneisforgetful,but,weasweage(當我們變老時)starttofeellikeourbrainsareslowingdownabit—andthatcanbeaveryannoyingthing. (2011·遼寧卷·七選五)根據(jù)句意填介詞②Hefoundhecouldnotenterforthescholarship,ashewasoverage.③Johnwasrejectedbythearmybecausehewasunderage.④PeopleinJapanenjoyalonglife；womencanlivetotheageof89whilemento84.submitvi.服從，順從，聽任vt.遞交，呈遞；提議，主張，認為【課本原句】Byrefusingtosubmittoanygovernment,theRomacannotvote,buttheyalsocannotbeforcedtopaytaxes.(P30)由于拒絕屈從于任何政府，羅姆人不能投票，但他們也不能被強迫繳稅?！韭?lián)想拓展】submit(oneself)to...服從……，順從……submitsthto...向……提交……submit＋that認為……submitanentry報名參加submissionn.服從，屈服；提交insubmissionto服從……，順從……，聽從……

——看看高考怎么考①Youarefreetosubmit(呈遞)thearticleelsewhereatthesametime. (2011·北京卷·閱讀理解B)②Wecan't________globalwarming.Instead,bothdevelopedcountriesanddevelopingcountriesshouldshouldertheresponsibilityinthefightagainstclimatechange.(2011·邵陽縣一中11月月考)A．submitto B．correspondtoC．subscribeto D．promiseto答案A【課本原句】Theconcertalsoreceivedsomuchattentionaroundtheworldthatitputgreatpressureonpoliticiansandstatesmentodosomethingaboutthefamine.(P2)音樂會還受到了全世界的極大關(guān)注，這給政客們施加了巨大的壓力，迫使他們?yōu)檫@次饑荒做一些事情。putpressureon/uponsb給……施壓【聯(lián)想拓展】easeoffthepressureofsb為某人減輕壓力exertpressureonsbtodosth迫使某人做某事relieve/reducepressureonsb/sth減緩……的壓力underpressure在壓力之下giveintopressure屈從壓力highbloodpressure高血壓airpressure大氣壓

——看看高考怎么考①Healsogavemesome______ondressingandspeaking.Ihandedoutmyresumesandwenthomefeelingverysatisfied.(2011·安徽卷·完形填空)A．pressures B．a(chǎn)greementsC．impressions D．suggestions答案D②Thepressurethatthebankhas________onourcompanyistoreduceitsborrowings. (2012·株洲二中10月份月考)A．madeB．givenC．sentD．put答案D③Somepeopleworkwell________whileothersgetnervousanddobadly. (2012·湖南石門一中高三摸底考試)A．underwayB．underpressureC．undercontrolD．underrepair答案B

accountfor(在數(shù)量和比例上)占，占據(jù)；是……的原因；對……作出解釋或說明【課本原句】Thegroupaccountedfornearly18percentofthestate'spopulation.(P18)這個人群大約占到該州人口的18%?！韭?lián)想拓展】take(no)accountof...(不)考慮，(不)重視……oaccount＝oconsideration考慮……onaccountof因為……onnoaccount決不(位于句首時，句子要倒裝)

——看看高考怎么考①DrKennethSchraderofDukeUniversity,NorthCarolinastatesthatalthoughtheelderlyrepresentabout13%oftheUSpopulation,thoseaged65andoveraccountfortheconsumptionofonethirdofalldrugs.(占了所有藥物三分之一的消費)(2010·上海卷·六選五)②離開住宅時千萬要鎖門。Onnoaccountshouldthehousebeleftunlocked.③By2020,theUnitedNationsestimatesthaturbanpopulationswill________55%ofthetotalhumanpopulation.(2011·澧縣一中摸底考試)A．makefor B．countonC．a(chǎn)ccountfor D．consistin答案C【課本原句】Theconcertalsoreceivedsomuchattentionaroundtheworldthatitputgreatpressureonpoliticiansandstatesmentodosomethingaboutthefamine.(P2)音樂會還受到了全世界的極大關(guān)注，這給政客們施加了巨大的壓力，迫使他們?yōu)檫@次饑荒做一些事情。

so...that如此……以至于so...that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句【聯(lián)想拓展】so...that...句型中，so后面應(yīng)加一個形容詞或副詞，“如此……以至于”。sothat主要用來引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句。其從句中的謂語動詞常和can，may，should等情態(tài)動詞連用，而且主句和從句之間不使用逗號，意為“以便能夠”。

——看看高考怎么考①Allweassume(推測)isthatsomeearlymeninventedcertainsounds,inonewayoranother,toexpressthoughtsandfeelings,actionsandthings，sothattheycouldtalkwitheachother(以便他們能夠彼此交流).(2011·全國Ⅱ·閱讀理解E)②他們早早出發(fā)以便按時趕到。Theyset

outearlysothattheymightarrive

intime.③Ihaveseldomseenmymother________please