大學英語時文閱讀 unit 6

CurrentNewsReadingCOURSESFORSECONDCREDITSTUDENTSContents1Environment385101214Chapter6Environment123HistoryofAmericannewspaperGrammarfeaturesofnewsheadlinePractice1HistoryofAmericannewspaper1704年波士頓郵政局長創(chuàng)刊的《波士頓新聞通訊》，被認為是美國的第1張連續(xù)出版的報紙，內(nèi)容只是摘抄英國報紙上的消息。1721年《新英格蘭新聞報》創(chuàng)刊，它未經(jīng)當局的出版許可，富于革新精神，影響很大。1719年，當時的美國第2大城市費拉德爾菲亞出版了該城第1張報紙《美洲信使周報》。1728年《賓夕法尼亞公報》問世，次年由B．富蘭克林接辦。他把該報辦得很有生氣，引人入勝，并刊登廣告以贏利。獨立戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)時，北美殖民地有報紙37家,幾乎全是周報或每周出版兩三次,為獨立戰(zhàn)爭作了大量輿論準備，并在戰(zhàn)爭中鼓舞士氣。1783年在費拉德爾菲亞創(chuàng)刊的《賓夕法尼亞晚郵報》是美國第1張日報。到1830年，美國人口在8000以上的城鎮(zhèn)只有26個，但有日報65家，周報350家。1HistoryofAmericannewspaper商業(yè)報紙和廉價大眾化報紙出現(xiàn)。第1張成功的廉價報紙是1833年在紐約創(chuàng)刊的《太陽報》，它主要刊登審判、自殺、失火等社會新聞，發(fā)行量很大，1873年達3萬份。其他政治和商業(yè)報紙也逐漸轉(zhuǎn)向報道立法、選舉、審判等全國性或地方性新聞。1HistoryofAmericannewspaper19世紀上半葉創(chuàng)刊的重要報紙還有1835年的《紐約先驅(qū)報》，1841年的《紐約每日論壇報》，1851年的《紐約每日時報》(1857年改名《紐約時報》)。到19世紀中葉，美國約有日報400家，周報3000多家。它們的共同特點是政治上標榜自已是超黨派的、獨立的，編輯業(yè)務(wù)上擴大報道面、重視地方新聞和人情味新聞，經(jīng)營上將廣告作為主要財源。從19世紀50年代起，報紙在美國已成為工商業(yè)巨頭手中的大企業(yè)。1883年，J.普利策接辦紐約《世界報》，他注重政治經(jīng)濟新聞，大量刊登社會新聞和各種專欄、特寫，1892年該報日發(fā)行量達到37.4萬份。19世紀下半期創(chuàng)刊的美國重要報紙還有《亞特蘭大憲法報》(1868)、《華盛頓郵報》(1877)、《圣路易郵報》(1878)、《洛杉磯時報》(1881)等。2GrammarfeaturesofNewsHeadlinesThetensesusedintheheadlines1)ThesimplepresenttenseIran'sleadersaysUSnukeaccusationswrong(Agencies)

TEHRAN,Iran:Iran'ssupremeleadersaidSundaythatUSofficialsknowtheyarewronglyaccusingIranofseekingtodevelopnuclearweapons.ChinapublisheswhitepaperonXinjiang(Xinhua)

BEIJING:TheChinesegovernmentMondaypublishedawhitepaperonthedevelopmentandprogressinnorthwestChina'sXinjiangUyghurAutonomousRegion,stressingnationalunification,ethnicunity,socialstabilityarethe"lifeblood"fortheregion'sdevelopmentandprogress.2GrammarfeaturesofNewsHeadlinesThesimplepresenttense(2)Womendrivebetterthanmenclaimsreport（Thereportclaimsthatwomendrivebetterthanmen.）Sino-U.S.relationsdevelopintwistsandturns（TheSino-U.S.relationsdevelopintwistsandturns.）BushreiteratesstanceonTaiwan（U.S.PresidentGeorgeW.BushreiteratedhisstanceonTaiwan）Airdisasterkills145（Theairdisasterkilled145people.）2GrammarfeaturesofNewsHeadlines2）ThefuturetenseGreenspan:ChinatodetermineworldeconomicfateFormerUSFederalReserveChairmanAlanGreenspanpredictedinhismemoirthattheworld'seconomicfatedependsonChinaanditsmarketeconomicdevelopmentbytheyearof

2030.Chinatostepupdevelopmentofknowledge–intensiveindustry（Chinsistostepupthedevelopmentofknowledge-intensiveindustry.）WorldExpotomakeShanghaimoreopen（TheWorldExpoistomakeShanghaimoreopen.）2GrammarfeaturesofNewsHeadlines3）PresentparticipleforPresentcontinuoustenseUS:IrannearingatomicbombcapacityVIENNA-TheUnitedStatessaidonWednesdayIranwasnearingtheabilitytomakeatombombsbystockpilingenricheduraniumand,withEUallies,proddedTehrantoengageintalksnowonitsnuclearambitions.DangerousAreasExpandingAcrossSouthernAfghanistanTheTalibanhavedrivengovernmentforcesoutofroughlyhalfofakeyareathattheU.S.andNATOhaddeclaredasuccess.USjunksalestoChinarisingInformationindustrydevelopingrapidly（Theinformationindustryisdevelopingrapidly.）2GrammarfeaturesofNewsHeadlinesThevoice

oftheheadlineBlackboxesfoundinThaiplanecrashBlackwaterblamedforIraqiciviliandeathsAnti-SyrianLebaneseMPmurderedinBeirutAnanti-SyrianLebaneseMPwaskilledtodayinalargecarbombexplosionineastBeirutjustoneweekbeforeparliamentisscheduledtoelectanewpresident.TaiwanurgednottorunRebiyafilm

Themainland'sTaiwanAffairsOfficeyesterdayurgedthecityofKaohsiungnottoshowascheduledfilmaboutRebiyaKadeer.2GrammarfeaturesofNewsHeadlinesFrequentOmissionofCertainWords1.ArticlesUSofficialcallsfornewsanctionsagainstIran(Agencies)

ANKARA,Turkey-AseniorUSofficialcalledWednesdayforUNSecurityCouncilmembersandUSalliestohelppushforathirdroundofsanctionsagainstIranoveritsdisputedatomicwork.TruckbombinnorthernIraqkills19MOSUL:AsuicidebomberdroveatruckpackedwithexplosivesintoaKurdishvillageinnorthIraqbeforedawnonThursday,killingatleast19villagersandwounding25,Iraqipolicesaid.2GrammarfeaturesofNewsHeadlines2.LinkverbChinawillingtoshareanimaldiseaseinfoBANGKOK--Chinaisreadytoshareinformationandexperiencewiththeinternationalcommunityonanimaldiseasesurveillanceandcontrolregardingeitherbirdfluortheblueearpigdisease,anofficialoftheUNFoodandAgricultureOrganization(FAO)said.USmilitarydeathsinIraqat3,793(Agencies)

AsofFriday,Sept.21,2007,atleast3,793membersoftheUSmilitaryhaddiedsincethebeginningoftheIraqwarinMarch2003,accordingtoanAssociatedPresscount.2GrammarfeaturesofNewsHeadlines3.AuxiliaryverbOnemoremissingRussiantouristfound(Xinhua/Agencies)

HOTAN,Xinjiang--RescuersfoundonemoremissingRussiantouristonFridayeveninginnorthwestChina'sXinjiangUygurAutonomousRegion.2GrammarfeaturesofNewsHeadlines4.“and"isomittedandreplacedbycommaRussia,USnocloseronmissileshield(Agencies)MOSCOW-RussiaandtheUnitedStateshavenotmovedanyclosertoagreementonUSplanstodeployitsmissileshieldinEurope,localnewsagenciesquotedRussianDeputyForeignMinisterSergeiKislyakassayingonWednesday2GrammarfeaturesofNewsHeadlines5.UseofheavilymodifiednominalGroupsThenominalgroupsinheadlinesaresometimesquitecomplexwithheavypre-modifiers,e.g.：Januarycrudeoiloutputbeatstarget（TheoutputofcrudeoilinJanuaryhasbeatenthetarget）Sino-Germantradereviewtalksstart（ThetalkstoreviewthetradebetweenChinaandGermanyhavestarted）South–to-NorthWaterDiversionProjecttobenefitposterity（TheSouth-to-NorthWaterDiversionProjectistobenefittheposterity.）2GrammarfeaturesofNewsHeadlines6.Thepunctuationmarksintheheadlines1）.Commaisusedt