大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)寫(xiě)作全解ppt

大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)寫(xiě)作Bear,SchoolofForeignLanguages,CSU大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試題型/

試卷結(jié)構(gòu)測(cè)試內(nèi)容測(cè)試題型分值比例考試時(shí)間寫(xiě)作寫(xiě)作短文寫(xiě)作15%30分鐘聽(tīng)力理解聽(tīng)力對(duì)話短對(duì)話選擇題（單選題)8%30分鐘長(zhǎng)對(duì)話選擇題（單選題)7%聽(tīng)力短文短文理解選擇題（單選題)10%短文聽(tīng)寫(xiě)單詞及詞組聽(tīng)寫(xiě)10%閱讀理解詞匯理解選詞填空5%40分鐘長(zhǎng)篇閱讀匹配10%仔細(xì)閱讀選擇題（單選題)20%翻譯漢譯英段落翻譯15%30分鐘總計(jì)100%130分鐘1.大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試寫(xiě)作要求目前指導(dǎo)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)的大學(xué)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)要求中規(guī)定，一般要求（一般要求是高等院校非英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)本科畢業(yè)生應(yīng)達(dá)到的基本要求，也就是四級(jí)要達(dá)到的水平）的英語(yǔ)書(shū)面表達(dá)能力為：能用常見(jiàn)的應(yīng)用文體完成一般的寫(xiě)作任務(wù)，能描述個(gè)人經(jīng)歷、事件、觀感、情感等，能就一般性話題或提綱在半小時(shí)內(nèi)寫(xiě)出120詞的短文，內(nèi)容基本完整、用詞恰當(dāng)，語(yǔ)篇連貫。能在一般或應(yīng)用寫(xiě)作中使用恰當(dāng)?shù)膶?xiě)作技能。2.四級(jí)寫(xiě)作評(píng)分原則及標(biāo)準(zhǔn)2.1.評(píng)分原則：CET作文題采用總體評(píng)分方法。閱卷人員就總的印象給出獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)分,而不是按語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)的錯(cuò)誤數(shù)目扣分。從內(nèi)容和語(yǔ)言?xún)蓚€(gè)方面對(duì)作文進(jìn)行綜合評(píng)判。內(nèi)容和語(yǔ)言是一個(gè)統(tǒng)一體，作文應(yīng)表達(dá)題目所規(guī)定的內(nèi)容，而內(nèi)容要通過(guò)語(yǔ)言來(lái)表達(dá)。要考慮作文是否切題，是否充分表達(dá)思想，也要考慮是否用英語(yǔ)清楚而確切地表達(dá)思想，也就是要考慮語(yǔ)言上的錯(cuò)誤是否造成理解上的障礙。本題滿(mǎn)分為15分,閱卷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)共分五等：2分、5分、8分、11分及14分。閱卷人員根據(jù)閱卷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，對(duì)照樣卷評(píng)分，若認(rèn)為與某一分?jǐn)?shù)（如8分）相似，及定位該分?jǐn)?shù)（即8分）；若認(rèn)為稍?xún)?yōu)或稍劣于該分?jǐn)?shù)則可加一分（即9分）或減一分（即7分）。但不得加或減半分。2.2.評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

2分—條理不清，思路紊亂，語(yǔ)言支離破碎或大部分句子均有錯(cuò)誤，且多數(shù)為嚴(yán)重錯(cuò)誤5分—基本切題。表達(dá)思想不清楚，連貫性差，有較多的嚴(yán)重語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤。8分—基本切題。有些地方表達(dá)思想不夠清楚，文字勉強(qiáng)連貫；語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤相當(dāng)多，其中有一些是嚴(yán)重錯(cuò)誤。11分—切題。表達(dá)思想清楚，文字連貫，但有少量語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤。14分—切題。表達(dá)思想清楚，文字通順，連貫性好，基本上無(wú)語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，僅有個(gè)別小錯(cuò)。Example2011.12You'reallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledNothingSucceedsWithoutaStrongWillbycommentingonthehumoroussaying,"Quittingsmokingistheeasiestthingintheworld.I'vedoneithundredsoftime."You'dwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.2分

Whythesomepeoplenothingsucceedswithoutastrongwill?Inmyviewtheyarenothardgotosomething.Ontheonehandtheyarenotability.Ontheotherhandtheyarenottofacetheymyself.inotherwordstheyarenottorunthedream,asweallknow,havedreampeoplecanbesucceeder,inmyview,itisnecessaryforustodothedream.

Themorenothingsucceedsthemorenotdream.Wearenotonlyderiverdreamsbutalsogotohard,thisistherewearehavesucceeds.iftheoneonthehumorous“quittingsmokingistheeasiestthingintheworld.I’vedoneithundredsoftimes”wearehavetosucceeds. Allinall,wearenotthedream,wearehavetofair,generallyspeakingthepeoplegotothedream,weareknow.5分“Quittingsmokingistheeasiestthingintheworld,I’vedoneithundredsoftimes.”It’sahumoroussaying,butactuallythetrueisseriousanddifficult.Aseverybodyknow,“Romewasnotbuiltinoneday.BeforeitbecameRomer,therewasalongwaytothrough.Whetheryoucanarrivethefinalplace,itdependsonwhetheryourheartdeeplystickwithastrongwill.

Numbersofsuccessfulpeopleinhistorydepressedoursbywhattheydo.Welookupthem,listentheirstoriesbutwemustknoweveryonesucceedhadastrongwillwhentheywereyoung.Whatweneedtodoisthisconfirmwhatyourgoalis,makeitawillandpayforitwithyouraction.Don’tgiveupanytimeyouweretriedandworried.Practicemakesperfect,youcangetridoftheinconfidencebydoingallrightthings. Nothingsucceedswithoutastrongwill.Thewillneedn’tsobigbutsostrong.8分

Asisknowntoall,wherethereisawill,thereisaway.However,therearealsomanypeoplefailtoachievetheirdreams.Manypeoplewillsay,it’sbecausetheyhavenotgoodconditionortheyhavenotluckchance.Infact,theyjusthavenotthestrongwilltosucceed.Takequittingsmokingforexample.Ithasbeenaworld-wideproblemthatthousandsofmillionspeople’shealthisbeendestroyedbysmoking.Atthesametime,wealwaysseemanypeoplewhohavetakenactiontoquitsmokingbutfailinthetime.Becausetheycan’tforgetthefeelingofsmoking,andtheyhavenotstrongwilltoinsistit.Onlyiftheonewhohasstrongwill,willhesucceedinquittingsmoking. Toconclude,nopains,nogains.Wewillhaveourdreamcometruebyourstrongwill,andnothingsucceedswithoutastrongwill.11分

Asahumoroussayinggoes,“Quittingsmokingistheeasiestthingintheworld.I’vedoneithundredsoftimes.”Thisis,ofcoursethefact,butitalsotellsusthatwithoutstrongwill,nobodycanachievesuccess.

Nomatterwhatwayyouchoose,youwillsurelymeetmanydifficulties.Lifeisnotonlyfilledwithvictory.Takethesayingforexampleagain.Onceyoustartquitsmoking,youwillfaceadifficultchoiceeverytimeotherspassyouacigarette.Suchadilemmamaymakeyoupickyourformerhabitifyoudon’thaveastrongwill.Itisstrongwillthathelpsusovercomedifficulties.Besides,strongwillcanmakeyouknowwhatyouareseekingfor.

MadamCurieexperiencedmanytimesoffailureduringherstudyonradium.Newtonwasregardedasafool.Theygainconfidence,bravery,andalsoachievementsfromtheirstrongwill.

Asyouhaveseen,strongwillplaysanimportantroleinlife,soIsaynothingsucceedswithoutastrongwill.14分

Thehumoroussaying,“Quittingsmokingistheeasiestthingintheworld.I’vedoneithundredsoftimes”,illustratestheastonishingyetcommonoccurrencethatmanypeopletryhardtogiveupabadhabitbutinvain.Theyfailbecausetheylackastrongwill.Infact,nothingsucceedswithoutastrongwill. TakeThomasEdisonforexample.Heiswell-knownforhislargenumberofinventionswhichwerecreatedthroughthousandsofunsuccessfulexperiments.Haditnotbeenforhisstrongwill,hewouldhavemerelybeenwastingtimeandmoneyachievingnothing.Notsurprisingly,Edison’sperseveranceisactuallyacommonqualityamongsuccessfulpeople.

Ascollegestudents,weshouldbearinmindthatastrongwillhelpssetacleargoalforpeopleandprovideitsownerwiththemotivationandencouragementinfaceofdifficulties.Indeed,successgoestothosewhoareequippedwithastrongwill.Amanwithastrongwillisamanwhocannotbedefeated.(164words)

3.四級(jí)寫(xiě)作題材和類(lèi)型四級(jí)寫(xiě)作的題材具有顯著的現(xiàn)實(shí)性，基本可以分為兩大類(lèi)：

1.貼近大學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)工作及課余生活的校園題材2.論及當(dāng)前社會(huì)的現(xiàn)象、發(fā)展變化及進(jìn)步的熱點(diǎn)話題。2011.6OnlineShopping1．現(xiàn)在網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物已成為一種時(shí)尚2．網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物有很多好處，但也有不少問(wèn)題3．我的建議2011.12You'reallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledNothingSucceedsWithoutaStrongWillbycommentingonthehumoroussaying,"Quittingsmokingistheeasiestthingintheworld.I'vedoneithundredsoftime."You'dwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.2012.6On

Excessive

Packaging

1.目前許多商品存在過(guò)度包裝的現(xiàn)象2.出現(xiàn)這一現(xiàn)象的原因3.我對(duì)這一現(xiàn)象的看法和建議2012.12ALetterApplyingforaBankLoan

1.你的基本情況2.你申請(qǐng)貸款的原因、數(shù)額及用途3.你如何保證專(zhuān)款專(zhuān)用以及你的還款打算

2013年6月對(duì)白：

子：Dad,I'mabitworriedaboutdisposingofnuclearwaste（處理核廢料）

父：Ifyoucanemptythedustbin（垃圾筒）here,youcandoanything2013年12月2014年6月Supposeaforeignfriendofyoursisgoingtovisityourhometown/yourcampus/China（多題多卷的三個(gè)不同）,whatisthemostinterestingplaceyouwouldliketotakehim/hertoseeandwhy?1.現(xiàn)象分析型2.問(wèn)題解決型3.對(duì)比論述型4.應(yīng)用文類(lèi)5.圖表分析型

3.四級(jí)寫(xiě)作題材和類(lèi)型現(xiàn)象分析型作文命題是關(guān)于某個(gè)社會(huì)現(xiàn)象或社會(huì)問(wèn)題的，要求考生分析該問(wèn)題所產(chǎn)生的原因或造成的后果。例

2012.6On

Excessive

Packaging

1.目前許多商品存在過(guò)度包裝的現(xiàn)象2.出現(xiàn)這一現(xiàn)象的原因3.我對(duì)這一現(xiàn)象的看法和建議

Iassumethatyouarefamiliarwiththephenomenonof“ExcessivePackaging”.Takingalookaround,wecanfindexampleswithease：asmallcomputerispackedinathickandheavycarton，clothesareputtedinawell-designedplasticbagsandmoon-cakesareusuallyplacedindelicateboxes.

Whatarethecausesofthisproblem?Ontheonehand,toearnmoreeconomicgains,aconsiderablenumberofmanufacturesusuallywraptheirproductswithunnecessarybutappealingmaterialsaimingatattractingcustomer’sattention,arousingtheircuriosityandthenstimulatingtheirpurchasingdesire.Ontheotherhand,quiteafewcustomersbelievethatthemoredelicatethepackageseems，thesuperiorthequalitywillbe,thenotionhasalsoencouragedthetrendofexcessivepackaging.Tochangethissituation,Ithinkweshouldtakethefollowingmeasures.First,lawsmustbemadeandimplementedtoimposerestrictiononexcessivepackaging.Moreover,apubliceducationcampaignshouldbelaunchedtoarousecustomers'consciousnessthatpackagingdoesn'tequaltoquality.Onlyinthiswaycanweputanendtothistrend.

On

Excessive

PackagingRecently,…h(huán)asbecomethefocusofthesociety.…h(huán)asbeenplayinganincreasinglyimportantroleinourday-to-daylife.Nowadaysthereisagrowingconcernfor…Nowadaysmoreandmorepeoplearebeginningtobeawareoftheseriousnessof…

Manyfactorsleadtothetrendof…Thereareseveralreasonswhy….Therearethreereasons,Ithink,for…Whatistoaccountfor…?Infactthereasonsarenotdifficulttoget.First,….Second….問(wèn)題解決型問(wèn)題解決型作文通常首先提出一個(gè)有待解決的問(wèn)題，然后要求考生就該問(wèn)題提出解決方法、途徑，有時(shí)還要求考生最后談?wù)撨m合自己的方法。這種題型常見(jiàn)的結(jié)構(gòu)模式是： 第一段：導(dǎo)言。描述現(xiàn)狀、困難，提出問(wèn)題。 第二段：方法。列舉說(shuō)明處理某事的方法或解決某個(gè)問(wèn)題的途徑。 第三段：評(píng)價(jià)、建議或個(gè)人選擇。針對(duì)第二段所闡述的方法給予簡(jiǎn)要的評(píng)論，也可提出個(gè)人建議或選擇，并簡(jiǎn)述理由。

例2010.12HowShouldParentsHelpChildrentoBeIndependent?1.目前不少父母為孩子包辦一切2.為了讓孩子獨(dú)立,父母應(yīng)該……h(huán)owshouldparentshelpchildrentobeindependent?

Nowadays,thereisagrowingconcernoversuchaphenomenon,thatis,someparentstakecareofalmosteverythingconcernedwiththeirchildren,includingstudy,workandmarriage.Someparentsbelievethatthisislove,however,itisonlytodestroychildren’sindependencethoroughly.Forthefutureofthenextgeneration,moreeffortsshouldbemadebyparentstohelptheirchildrentobeindependent.Thefundamentaloneistocultivatetheawareness,namely,theimportanceandnecessityofbeingindependent,whichissupposedtobeginfromchildhood.Childrenshouldbetaughtthatnoonecanbestrongerandmorehelpfulthanthemselvesinthisworld.Thequalityofindependenceissoindispensableforusthatparentshadbetteractasatutor,notadictator.Andonlywithparents'trust,canthenextgenerationaccumulateconfidencestepbystep.Itishightimethatsomethingwasdoneabout…Onthewhole,itishightimethateveryone…Itisessentialthateffectivemeasuresbetakento…Inshort/Inaword/Inconclusion/Insummary/Inbrief/Tosumup/Toconclude/Allinall…對(duì)比論述型這類(lèi)作文多為提綱式作文，議論文體裁。通過(guò)論述相反的兩個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，或分析評(píng)論某一社會(huì)現(xiàn)象的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)，然后給出自己的見(jiàn)解和看法，是四級(jí)考試寫(xiě)作中很常見(jiàn)的作文形式。例

IsaTestofSpokenEnglishNecessary? 1.很多人認(rèn)為有必要舉行英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)考試，理由是。。。

2.也有人持不用的意見(jiàn)。。。

3.我的看法和打算

WhenitcomestothetestofspokenEnglish,people’sopinionsdiffer.Manypeoplebelievethatitisnecessarytoadoptsuchatest.Foronething,fluentspeakingabilityisbadlyneededintoday’ssocietythatisexperiencingreformandopening-up.Foranother,inamorecompetitivesocietysuchasourstoday,fluentspokenEnglishmeansmoreadvantageyouhavetobeatyourrivalincompetingforapositionwithmuchappealtobothofyou.

Somepeople,however,takeadifferentattitude.Theyregardthetestasbeingunnecessary.Intheirviews,fluentspokenEnglishdoesnotnecessarilymeanabetterjob;sometimes,opportunityplaysamoreimportantrole.Furthermore,manypeopledonotusespokenEnglishatallintheirwork.

AsfarasIamconcerned,Iamreallyinfavorofthetest.Ontheonehand,itcanencouragecollegestudentstotryeverymeanstoimprovetheirspokenEnglish.Ontheotherhand,collegestudentswillbenefitendlesslyintheirfuturecareeriftheycanspeakfluentEnglish.SoIdecidetomakeuseofeveryopportunitytopracticemyspokenEnglish,andsurelyitwilldomemuchgood.IsaTestofSpokenEnglishNecessary?（1）Thereisnoconsensusofopinionamongpeopleasto_______________.(2)Somepeoplewhoareinfavoroftheideaof________________holdthat___________.(3)Foronething,_______________.(4)Foranother,_______________.(5)Therefore,______________(6)However,thosewhoinsiston_____arguethat___________.(7)Intheiropinion,______________.(8)Inaddition,________.(9）Thus,___________.(10)Inmyviewpoint,______________.(11)Thatistosay,_______________.(12)Inaword,____________________

(1)Thereisaheateddebateover________.(2)Itiscommonlyacceptedthat____________.(3)Incontrast,othersthink_______________.

(4)Thosewhoholdthefirstopinionsuggestthat______________.(5)Intheirviews,______________.(6)However,othersthink_____________.(7)Theyarguethat________________.(8)Consideringoneafteranother,Istandonthesideof________.(9)Firstofall,_______________.(10)Furthermore,__________________.(11)Thirdly,______.(12)Therefore,_________________.

圖表分析型圖表作文的命題形式是根據(jù)圖畫(huà)或者圖表，要求考生用簡(jiǎn)潔、生動(dòng)的語(yǔ)言把圖表中所提供的信息準(zhǔn)確、完整地表達(dá)出來(lái)。然后進(jìn)行分析和評(píng)論，并得出合乎邏輯的結(jié)論。圖表作文是一種信息的轉(zhuǎn)換。也就是說(shuō)，寫(xiě)圖表作文時(shí)，首先要以題目中的要求為指導(dǎo)，審慎讀圖，準(zhǔn)確把握?qǐng)D表傳達(dá)的信息，將其擴(kuò)展成文。圖表作文往往是以說(shuō)明為主，圖表中的數(shù)據(jù)是為了說(shuō)明某個(gè)問(wèn)題而提供的，只要問(wèn)題能闡釋清楚，就不必面面俱到地把所有數(shù)據(jù)都在文章中引用出來(lái)。考生要切忌毫無(wú)目的地引用圖表中的數(shù)據(jù)。引用數(shù)據(jù)過(guò)多的同學(xué)往往得分很低。圖表作文的段落設(shè)計(jì)

1.開(kāi)頭段—--說(shuō)明該圖表反映的概況，選擇能充分說(shuō)明主題的典型數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行概述；

2.中間段—--對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行仔細(xì)地分析比較，歸納出增減速率，找出產(chǎn)生變化的原因；

3.結(jié)尾段—--寫(xiě)出看完圖表后的想法或評(píng)論，得出自己的結(jié)論。圖表分析型上圖所示為1990年、1995年、2000年某校大學(xué)生使用計(jì)算機(jī)的情況，請(qǐng)描述其變化；請(qǐng)說(shuō)明發(fā)生這些變化的原因（可從計(jì)算機(jī)的用途、價(jià)格或社會(huì)發(fā)展等方面加以說(shuō)明）；你認(rèn)為目前大學(xué)生在計(jì)算機(jī)使用中有什么困難或問(wèn)題。

Thechartshowsthatstudentsarenowspendingmuchmoretimeonthecomputer,fromonehourtofourhoursperweekfrom1990to1995.Itisself-evidentthatitincreasessharplytotwentyhoursintheyearof2000.Threepossiblereasonscontributetothisphenomenon.

Onereasonisthatmostcollegestudentsnowcanaffordapersonalcomputerduetothesharpdeclineinitsprice.Anotherreasonisthattheyfindthecomputerawonderfulthingtohavefunwith.Forinstance,theycanchatthroughQQorplayinggamesonline.What’smore,fromInternet,theycanlearnthingsmuchmorequicklythansimplyfromreadingbookssothattheycansecureagoodjobinthefuture.Asaresult,alltheseleadtomuchmoretimespentonusingcomputers.

However,inmyopinion,therearesomecomplaintsfrombothteachersandstudents.Foronething,studentscomplainaboutthelessavailabilityofcomputersandslowspeedofthenetwork.Foranother,someteachersworrythatthemuchmoretimespentplayingcomputergamesorsurfingonlinewillleadstudentstoignoretheirstudiesandevendocheatinginsteadofdoingresearchbytheirown.Tosumup,inspiteofproblemsconcerningtheuseofcomputer,computerisstillofmoremeritsthandefects.

應(yīng)用文類(lèi)型四級(jí)考試中的應(yīng)用文一般會(huì)給出一個(gè)特定的情景，要求考生根據(jù)該情景寫(xiě)一封短信、倡議書(shū)或演說(shuō)詞等。應(yīng)用文涉及的內(nèi)容多種多樣，但大部分都與日常生活比較貼近,主要包括：投訴信、求職信、求學(xué)信、拒絕信、道歉信、感謝信、祝賀信、邀請(qǐng)信、求職信、演說(shuō)辭、倡議書(shū)、海報(bào)、景點(diǎn)介紹和日程安排等。從歷年真題來(lái)看，應(yīng)用文的考查以信函為主，但近幾年也常涉及其他類(lèi)型，如倡議書(shū)、景點(diǎn)介紹等。（1）Iwouldliketosuggestthat…/Iamwritingwithmysuggestion/proposalabout…/Iamwritingtoexpressmyviewsconcerning…

我想建議……。/我寫(xiě)信來(lái)想就……一事提出我的建議。/我寫(xiě)信來(lái)表達(dá)我關(guān)于……的看法。(2)Youhaveaskedmeformyadvicewithregardto…andIwilltrytomakesomeconducivesuggestions.

關(guān)于……你讓我提一些建議，我盡量提一些有益的建議。(3)Ifeelthatitwouldbebeneficialif…

我覺(jué)得如果……將會(huì)很有好處。(4)IfIwereyou,Iwould…

如果我是你，我將……(5)Itwouldseemtomethatyoucould…. 在我看來(lái)，你可以……(6)Asyoumayagreethat…

或許你會(huì)同意……。(7)Ihopeyouwillfindthesesuggestions/proposals/recommendationshelpful/practical/useful.

我希望你會(huì)覺(jué)得這些意見(jiàn)/提議/建議是有幫助的/實(shí)際的/有用的。(8)Itrustyouwilltakemysuggestionintoaccount.

我相信你會(huì)考慮我的建議的。(9)Iwouldbemorethanhappytoseeimprovementsinthisregard.

我會(huì)很高興看到這方面的改善。(10)Iwouldbereadytodiscussthismattertofurtherdetails.

我會(huì)準(zhǔn)備好與你進(jìn)一步詳談此事。Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowritealetterinreplytoafriend’sinquiryaboutapplyingforadmissiontoyourcollegeoruniversity.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsaccordingtotheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:

1.建議報(bào)考的專(zhuān)業(yè)級(jí)理由

2.報(bào)考該專(zhuān)業(yè)的基本條件

3.應(yīng)當(dāng)如何報(bào)考ALetterinReplytoaFriendDecember27,2008

DearTom,

Iamverypleasedtoknowthatyouaregoingtoapplyforadmissiontooneuniversity.Ithasbeenseveralyearssincewepartedlasttime,andsoonwewillprobablymeetagain.Inmyopinion,youshouldmajorinEnglish.Ononehand,Englishisaverypopularmajoratouruniversityandwehavemodernteachingmethodsandprestigiousprofessors.Ontheotherhand,youseemtohaveagiftforlanguagelearningandyouarereallygoodatEnglish.

AstothepreparationforapplyingfortheEnglishmajorofouruniversity,IsuggestyoupaymoreattentiontospokenEnglish.Ifyoumakeagoodperformanceinoraltest,youwillhavethepriority.Itisunnecessaryforyoutobenervous.Inaddition,whenmakingpreparationyoushoulddomoremodeltests.Iamsureyouwillsucceedintheexam.

PleaseinformmeifthereissomethingIcandoforyou.Iamlookingforwardtomeetingyouonourcampus. Sincerelyyours, LiMing4.四級(jí)作文中的常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤4.1.基礎(chǔ)語(yǔ)法方面時(shí)態(tài)，語(yǔ)態(tài)，比較級(jí)，非謂語(yǔ)形式，冠詞用法，可數(shù)不可數(shù)名詞，不定代詞單復(fù)數(shù)……

Attheageofsix,myfatherbegantogivemeEnglishlessons.WhenIwassixyearsold,myfatherbegantogivemeEnglishlessons.Havingcarriedouteconomicreformsinourcountry,people’slivingstandardhasgreatlyimproved.Sinceeconomicreformshavebeencarriedoutinourcountry,people’slivingstandardhasgreatlyimproved.Toimproveone’swritingskill,regularpracticeisessential.Toimproveone’swritingskill,onemustmakearegularpractice.4.2.修飾語(yǔ)不當(dāng)4.3.少用連詞

Peoplehavedebatedwhetherweshouldcancelitformanyyears.Opinionsvaryfrompersontoperson.Peoplehavedebatedwhetherweshouldcancelitformanyyearsandtheopinionsvaryfrompersontoperson.TVbecomesanimportantpartinoutdailylife.Becausewecannotlivewithoutit.TVbecomesanimportantpartinoutdailylife,becausewecannotlivewithoutit..4.4.指代不當(dāng)PeoplehavebeenfightingagainsttheinfluencesofTVcommercials,butitoftenprovesuseless.PeoplehavebeenfightingagainsttheinfluencesofTVcommercials,butthiseffortoftenprovesuseless.Televisionprovidesuswithavivid,colorfulworld,whichenablesustoenjoylifethoroughly.Byprovidinguswithavivid,colorfulworld,televisionenablesustoenjoylifethoroughly.4.5.句子意思表達(dá)不完整

Weshouldrealizethatsmartphoneisadouble-edgedswordwhenweenjoyitsconvenienceandjoy.Inaddition,thecorruptionisalsoanimportantreason.Havemoneycandomanythings.Therearemanypeopledomorningexerciseinthepark.Hisjokemademelaughtodeath.Chinesepeoplearedevotingthemselvestothephysicalexercise.Why?Becausetheythinkitisveryimportanttotheirhealth.Howmanydifferencesaretherebetweenthem?Letmetellyou.4.6.中式英語(yǔ)句子.4.7語(yǔ)篇層面偏離主題段落缺乏統(tǒng)一性缺少連貫性

缺乏邏輯性Withtheeconomicgrowth,people’slifequalityhavebeenimproved.Manypeoplehaveextramoney.Sothequestioniscoming.Thatis,whatweshoulddo,spendthemoneyorsaveit?Gotocollegeornot,thatisaproblem.WhatdoChinesecollegegraduateshaveincommonwithants?Bothofthemarecountless！GettingjobisabigproblemforcollegegraduatesinChina.

Somepeoplethinkitisuselesstostudyincollege,……4.8.拼寫(xiě)錯(cuò)誤environment（環(huán)境，容易寫(xiě)成enviroment）government（政府，容易誤拼成goverment）modern（現(xiàn)代的，容易拼成morden）respectable（受人尊敬的），respectful（尊敬別人的），respective（各自的）economic（有關(guān)經(jīng)濟(jì)的），economical（節(jié)儉的）delighted（感到高興的），delightful（使人高興的）.historic（有歷史意義的），historical（關(guān)于歷史的）considerate（關(guān)心別人的），considerable（相當(dāng)大的，相當(dāng)多的）sensible（合理的，可感知的），sensitive（敏感的）credible（可信的），credulous（容易輕信的）continual（持續(xù)的，中間有間隔），continuous（持續(xù)的，中間沒(méi)有間隔）satisfied（滿(mǎn)意的），satisfactory（令人滿(mǎn)意的）farther（更遠(yuǎn)，表示距離），further（更進(jìn)一步，表示程度）imaginary（虛構(gòu)的，想象中的），imaginative（想象力豐富的），imaginable（可以想象的）1長(zhǎng)句和短句變換2主動(dòng)句和被動(dòng)句變換3非謂語(yǔ)從句變換4比較句變換5松散到緊湊變換文章優(yōu)化 變換句式短句變長(zhǎng)句 受漢語(yǔ)思維習(xí)慣影響，很多考生往往會(huì)直接將腦子里的意思譯成英語(yǔ)，而忽略句與句之間的聯(lián)系，,因此，在平時(shí)寫(xiě)作時(shí)，考生要注意前后句子之間是否存在聯(lián)系，善于發(fā)現(xiàn)各個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句之間的關(guān)聯(lián)，用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞將簡(jiǎn)單句連接起來(lái)，組成準(zhǔn)確地道的復(fù)雜長(zhǎng)句，增加文章的氣勢(shì)?！纠?】【原文】Liesdoharmtothosewhoarebeingtoldlies.Liesalsodoharmtothosewhotellthem.

【優(yōu)化】Liesnotonlydoharmtothosewhoarebeingtoldlies,butalsodoharmtothosewhotellthem.

【例2】【例3】【原文】Usually,afactisdefinedasatruth.Thetruthcanbetestedbyobservationorexperimentation.

【優(yōu)化】Usually,afactisdefinedasatruth,whichcanbetestedbyobservationorexperimentation.

【原文】Teenagersarepressuredbyschoolwork.Theyarealsoencouragedbytheirpeers.Undersuchcircumstances,theyresorttosmoking.Butsometimestheyfeelalittleguilty.

【優(yōu)化】

Pressuredbyschoolworkandencouragedbytheirpeers,teenagersoftenresorttosmoking,thoughtheyfeelalittleguiltysometimes.

【例4】

【原文】WhenIturnedrightonthecorner,amotorbikeknockedintoasmallcar.Themotorbikewasred.Thereweretwopersonsonthemotorbike.Thecarwasyellow.Themotorbikefelldown.Thetwopersonsonthemotorbikewereslightlyinjured.Thedrivercameoutofthecaratonce,andaskedaboutthetwopersons’injuries.AssoonasIsawthat,Imadeatelephonecallto110.Thetrafficpolicearrivedinashorttime.

【優(yōu)化】WhenIturnedrightonthecorner,aredmotorbike

withtwopersonsknockedintoasmallyellowcar.Immediately,themotorbikefelldown,andthetwopersonsonthemotorbikewereslightlyinjured.Atthattime,thecardrivercameoutofthecar,andaskedaboutthetwopersons’injuries.Seeingthis,Idialedthe110.Inashorttime,thetrafficpolicearrived.

2.長(zhǎng)句變短句

長(zhǎng)句固然能表達(dá)出復(fù)雜而縝密的思想，但如果片面追求復(fù)雜句子，反而會(huì)顯得華而不實(shí)，成為表達(dá)的累贅。寫(xiě)作中句子的長(zhǎng)短應(yīng)根據(jù)表達(dá)的需要而定。短句不僅指句子長(zhǎng)度較短，也指句子內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)精煉，簡(jiǎn)潔是寫(xiě)作的一個(gè)重要原則，用詞累贅則是寫(xiě)作的大忌。【例1】【原文】Hisfather,whoisasalesman,becameamillionaireovernight.【優(yōu)化】Hisfather,asalesman,becameamillionaireovernight.

【例2】【原文】Perhapstheybasicallydistrustedourcapacitytojudgecorrectly.【優(yōu)化】Theydistrustedourjudgment.

一、將下面的長(zhǎng)句和短句進(jìn)行優(yōu)化改寫(xiě)，使其更符合表達(dá)要求。

【原句】 【優(yōu)化】Thecaptain,atall,thinmanwithabigmustache,waspacingthebridgewithalookofimportance.

Thegradingsystematourcollegeshouldbeabolished,becauseneitherthestudentsnortheinstructorslikeit.1.Thecaptainwasatall,thinmanwithabigmustache.Hewaspacingthebridgewithalookofimportance.

2.Thegradingsystematourcollegeshouldbeabolished.Thestudentsdon’tlikegettinggrades.The

instructorsdon’tenjoygivinggrades.

與漢語(yǔ)相比，英語(yǔ)更注重動(dòng)作本身，而不是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，因此在英語(yǔ)中被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的使用相對(duì)多一些，但這并不表明要一味地追求被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的使用。主動(dòng)變被動(dòng)

1）不需要體現(xiàn)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者【原文】 Weshouldpaymoreattentiontotheelderlywhohaddevotedtheiryouthandenergytoourcountry.

【優(yōu)化】

Moreattentionshouldbepaidtotheelderlywhohaddevotedtheiryouthandenergytoourcountry.

主動(dòng)句和被動(dòng)句變換

【原文】 【優(yōu)化】Theseriousnessoftheproblemonthereservesofrawmaterialsshowsthatitisimportanttosetupaplantoconserveanddivideupfairlynaturalresourcesonaworldwidescale.Thosewhodon’tlikehavingroommatesarguethatseveralpeoplelivingtogethercausessomeunpleasantnessbecauseeverypersonhashisorherownway.5.Naturalresourcesareverylimited.Theywillbeexhaustedinthenearfuture.Itisnottrue.Butitbecomesamajorconcernaroundtheworld.Thisisawidelyacceptedfact.

4.Somestudentsdon’tlikehavingroommates.Theythinkeverypersonhashisorherownway.Andseveralpeoplelivingtogethercausessomeunpleasantness.

3.Theproblemofthereserveofrawmaterialsisbecomingmoreserious.Itshowsitisimportanttobeginaplan.Weshouldconserveanddivideupthenaturalresourcesonaworldwidescale.

Itisawidelyacceptedfactthatthereisamajorconcernaroundtheworldfortheexhaustionoflimitednaturalresourcesinthenearfuture,thoughitisunlikelytobetrue.2）需要強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者【原文】 TheemployeeselectedMr.Lichairmanofthecommitteelastweek.【優(yōu)化】

Mr.Liwaselectedchairmanofthecommitteebytheemployeeslastweek.

3）保持陳述對(duì)象的一致，以求行文通順

【原文】 WhenthePrimeMinisterarrivedattheairport,hundredsofreporterssurroundedhimimmediately.【優(yōu)化】 WhenthePrimeMinisterarrivedattheairport,hewasimmediatelysurroundedbyhundredsofreporters.2.被動(dòng)變主動(dòng)1）需要體現(xiàn)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者【原文】 Ifyouarefriendlytoothers,youwillbeheldhospitableattitudetowardsbythemandviceversa.【優(yōu)化】 Ifyouarefriendlytoothers,theywillholdhospitableattitudetowardsyouandviceversa.

2）保持陳述對(duì)象的一致，以求行文通順【原文】 Oneveryimportantqualitydevelopedbymanyindividualsduringafirstjobisself-reliance.ThisqualitywascultivatedbymewhenIwasallowedbymysupervisortosetupandconductmyownsurveyproject.【優(yōu)化】 Duringtheirfirstjob,manyindividualsdeveloptheirveryimportantqualityofself-reliance.Icultivatedthisqualitywhenmysupervisorallowedmetosetupandconductmyownsurveyproject.一、要求：請(qǐng)將下面句子中語(yǔ)態(tài)使用不當(dāng)?shù)牡胤竭M(jìn)行優(yōu)化改寫(xiě)，使其更符合表達(dá)需要?！驹摹俊緝?yōu)化】

1.Weknowthatsmokingisharmfultopeople’shealth.2.Weshouldadvisepeopletoprotecttheirowninterestsandnottobeledastraybyfalseadvertisements3.Nowadays,publicplacesandadvertisementsofanykindforbidsmoking.2.Peopleshouldbeadvisedtoprotecttheirowninterestsandnottobeledastraybyfalseadvertisements.

3.Nowadays,smokingisforbiddeninpublicplacesandadvertisementsofanykind.

1.Itisalmostknownthatsmokingisharmfultopeople’shealth.

4.Computersmayhelpscientistsinanalyzingdataanddoingcomplexcalculation,whileengineersmakeuseofsomecomputersindesigningaplane,oraspaceship.

5.Thoseinfavorofuniversitymarriagearguethatweshouldgivecollegestudentstherighttogetmarriedsincetheyareadults.

4.Computersmayhelpscientistinanalyzingdataanddoingcomplexcalculation,whilesomecomputersaremadeuseofbyengineersindesigningaplane,oraspaceship.

5.Thoseinfavorofuniversitymarriagearguethatcollegestudentsshouldbegiventherighttogetmarriedsincetheyareadults.

非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞包括不定式、動(dòng)名詞、現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞?！纠?】【原文】 WhenIlookintothefuture,