遠(yuǎn)大前程11 第一部分第1章

GreatexpectationsChapter1OneofDickensmostenduringlypopularstoriesisOliverTwist,anearlyworkpublished1837-8.Likemanyofhislaternovels,itscentralthemeisthehardshipfacedbythedispossessedandthoseoftheoutsideoftolitesociety.Oliverhimselfisborninaworkhouseandtreatedcruellythereaswasthenormatthetimeforpauperchildren,inparticularbyBumble,aparishcouncilofficialoreadleThestoryfollowsOliverasheescapestheworkhouseandrunsawaytoLondon.HerehereceivesaneducationinvillainyfromthecriminalgangofFaginthatincludesthebrutalthiefBillSikes,thefamousartfulDodgerandNancy,Billwhore.Oliverisrescuedbytheinterventionofabenefactor-MrBrownlow-butthemysteriousMonksgetsthegangtokidnaptheboyagain.AuthorbriefintroductionNancyintervenesbutismurderedviciouslybySikesaftershehasshowedsomeredeemingqualitiesandhasdiscoveredMonksinisterintention.ThestorycloseshappilyandwithjusticeforBumbleandthecruelMonkswhohashiddenthetruthofOliverparentageoutofmalice.Accusationsweremadethatthebookglamorisedcrime(liketheewgateGroupoftheperiod)butDickenswiselydisassociatedhimselffromcriminalromances.Hisachievementwasinfactinpresentingtheunderworldandproblemsofpovertytothewell-offinawayrarelyattemptedpreviously.Alwayshopeandfriendsaroundthecompetition,thisisamajorweaknessofhuman.Iftheyhavemoney,wealsowantthemoney.Iftheyareverypoor,sowedon'tcareaboutthesamepoor.Wewillnotbecauseofhisstupidandashamed,becausewewillonlybearoundfriendsmorethanyoufeelashamed.Thisisthe"than"problem.總是希望和周圍的朋友攀比，這是人類的一大弱點(diǎn)。如果他們有錢，我們也希望有錢。如果他們很窮，那么我們也不在乎同樣受窮。我們不會(huì)因?yàn)樽约旱挠薮蓝呃?，我們只?huì)因?yàn)楸戎車呐笥迅啦鸥械叫呃?。這就是“人比人”的問題。briefintroductionaboutthebookInfact,thereare"lookingahead"problem.Wehavenomissedwhat,ifneverexpectedtohave.Wearenotdisappointedbecauseofpoverty,sincewedidnotexpecttherich.PIPwaspooranddidnothavewhateducation,buthisfriendsarethesame.Forthem,thisisnotwhat;thisisthelifeofthetruecolours.其實(shí)這里還有“往前看”的問題。我們無所謂錯(cuò)過什么，假如從未期待擁有。我們也不會(huì)因?yàn)樨毟F而失望，既然我們不曾指望富有。匹普又窮又沒受過什么教育，但好在他的朋友們也都一樣。對(duì)他們來說，這并沒有什么；這就是生活的本來面目。However,oncethePIPrealizesthathehas"greatexpectations",hebegantonolongerbelaw-abiding.Hewasashamedtoassociatewiththeirpartners,heevenfeelashamedofone'sungainlyappearance.His"future"clearlyhastheriskofdestroyinghislife"".然而，一旦匹普得知他有“遠(yuǎn)大前程”，他開始不再安分了。他羞于與自己的伙伴們?yōu)槲?，他甚至還自慚形穢。他的“前程”顯然有摧毀他的生活的“危險(xiǎn)”。Familyintroduction（家庭介紹）MyfirstnamewasPhilip,butwhenIwasasmallchildIcouldonlymanagetosayPip.SoPipwaswhatevery-bodycalledme.IlivedinasmallvillageinEssexwithmysister,whowasovertwentyyearsolderthanme,andmarriedtoJoeGargery,thevillageblacksmith.MyparentshaddiedwhenIwasababy,soIcouldnotrememberthematall.我的教名叫菲利普，但是在我小時(shí)候，我僅會(huì)說匹普。因此，匹普就成了大家叫我的名字。我與姐姐住在埃森克斯的一個(gè)小村莊，姐姐比我大20多歲，她與村里的鐵匠喬·葛吉瑞結(jié)了婚。當(dāng)我還是一個(gè)嬰兒時(shí)，父母就離開了人間，所以我記不得他們的一切情況。Outlineofthischapter(本章概述)Myfirstmemoryisofsittingonagravestoneinthatchurch-yardonecold,grey,Decemberafternoon,lookingoutatthedark,flat,wildmarshesdividedbytheblacklineoftheRiverThames,andlisteningtotherushingsoundoftheseainthedistance.‘Don'tsayaword!’criedaterriblevoice,asamanjumpedupfromamongthegravesandcaughtholdofme.‘IfyoushoutI'llcutyourthroat!’Hewasabigman,dressedallingrey,withanironchainonhisleg.Hisclotheswerewetandtorn.Helookedexhausted,andhungry,andveryfierce.Ihadneverbeensofrightenedinmywholelife.我的最初記憶是在十二月份一個(gè)寒冷的、天色陰沉的下午，正坐在那個(gè)教堂墓地的一塊墓石上?？吹降氖潜荒呛谏┪钍亢臃指畛傻囊黄趬簤旱恼訚苫牡?，聽到的是從遠(yuǎn)處大海刮來的嗖嗖呼嘯聲?！皠e出聲！”一個(gè)兇惡的聲音大喊起來，這時(shí)，從墓地里竄出一個(gè)人來，一把抓住我，“安靜點(diǎn)，不然我割斷你的喉嚨！”他身材高大，穿著一身灰色衣服，腿上拴著一副腳鐐。他的衣服濕淋淋的并且破爛不堪，看上去筋疲力盡、饑寒交迫、十分兇殘的樣子，在我一生中從沒有見過如此可怕的人。PlotIntrtroduction(情節(jié)介紹)1、Afterthemangrabbedme,askedsomeofmypersonalsituation,heseemedtounderstandsomething.那個(gè)人抓住我之后，詢問了我的一些個(gè)人情況，他仿佛明白了一些事情。

2、Thismakesmefeelveryafraid,andhewantedmetobringhimsomefoodandfile.這使我感到非常害怕，然后他恐嚇我讓我給他帶一些食物和銼子。43、Infearofthetime,Iagreedtohisrequest,heletmeremembermypromise.在害怕之余，我答應(yīng)了他的要求，他讓我記住我的諾言。4、Fortherestoftheevening,Ithoughtofnothingbutthestrangeronthemarshes.Sometimes,asthewindblewroundthehouse,IimaginedIheardhisvoiceoutside,andIthoughtwithhorroroftheyoungmanwhoateboys’hearts.晚上休息時(shí)，我其它的事情都不想，只考慮沼澤地里那個(gè)陌生人。有時(shí)，當(dāng)風(fēng)在房屋周圍掠過時(shí)，我想自己聽到外面他的聲音，還想起吞吃小孩子心臟的那個(gè)可怕的年輕人。

5、Icouldnotsleepatallthatnight.Iwasinterroroftheyoungmanwhowantedmyheart,Iwasinterrorofthemanwiththeironchain,Iwasinterrorofmysister,whowouldsoondiscoverIhadstolenherfood.Assoonastherewasalit-tlelightintheskyoutsidemywindow,Igotupandwentqui-etlydowntothekitchen.Istolesomebread,cheeseandabigmeatpie,hopingthat,astherewasalotoffoodreadyforChristmas,nobodywouldnoticewhatwasmissing.Ididnotdaretakethewholebrandybottle,soIpouredsomeintoasmallerbottletotakeawaywithme.ThenIfilledupthebrandybottlewithwhatIthoughtwaswaterfromabigbrownbottle.ItookafilefromJoe'sboxoftools,andranoutontothedarkmarshes.那天晚上，我徹夜未眠，在想要吃我心臟的那個(gè)兇惡的年輕人，在想帶著腳鐐的那個(gè)兇狠的人，在想我那可怕的姐姐，馬上就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)我偷了她的食物。外面的天空透過窗戶剛出現(xiàn)朦朦的亮，我就起了床，悄悄地下了樓進(jìn)了廚房。我偷了一些面包、黃油和一大塊肉餅。因?yàn)?，為過圣誕節(jié)準(zhǔn)備了許多吃的，希望沒有人會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)少了東西。我沒敢拿整瓶的白蘭地酒，而是倒了一些盛在小瓶里帶上了。然后，我用自己認(rèn)為是盛水的大褐色瓶子里的水把白蘭地瓶子倒?jié)M。我從喬的工具盒里拿了一把銼，隨之跑出了家門，直奔黑壓壓的沼澤地。在給那個(gè)人送食物的路途當(dāng)中，我碰見了另外一個(gè)囚犯，因?yàn)樗哪_上戴著鐐銬他沒能追上我。6.Inthedeliveryoffoodtothatperson'sjourney,Imetanotherpri