電子商務(wù)英語unit03

電子商務(wù)英語課件制作人：張海波Objective8PassageA@ActivitiesOnPassageA@BasicE-commerceWriting&RelatedReading8PassageB@ActivitiesOnPassageB:Workonline

ContentsUnit3學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)Objective:Inthisunit,youwilllearn:TheissuesneedtoknowintheapplicationofE-CommerceTheB2CapplicationflowmodelBenefitsandlossesoccurredintheapplicationofE-commerceBasicE-commerceEnglishWriting

Focus:UseE-commercewiselyandtakeadvantageofit.

Nodus:HowtoavoidthenegativeeffectbroughtbyE-commerce

TheSocialEffectCausedByElectronicCommercePassageA參考譯文注釋與翻譯板電子商務(wù)往往通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)把企業(yè)與顧客，雇員，供應(yīng)商和分銷商直接聯(lián)系起來，并籍此獲得市場先機(jī)，擴(kuò)大顧客和供應(yīng)商群體，提高效率并減少開支。

4注解：電子商務(wù)將傳統(tǒng)的商務(wù)流程電子化、數(shù)字化，一方面以電子流代替了實(shí)物流，可以大量減少人力、物力，降低了成本；另一方面突破了時(shí)間和空間的限制，使得交易活動(dòng)可以在任何時(shí)間、任何地點(diǎn)進(jìn)行，從而大大提高了效率。

Ane-commerceconnectscriticalbusinesssystemsdirectlytocustomers,employees,suppliers,anddistributorsviatheWebtoimprovetimetomarket,accessabroaderbaseofcustomersandsuppliers,improveefficiency,andreducecosts.Toachievethesebenefits,existingbusinessesmusttransformtheirtraditionalbusinessprocesseswithe-commerceapplications.Newbusinesses,sometimescalled“NetGens,”canadopte-commerceapplicationsfromthebeginningtoachievethesamebenefits.Toallowe-commercetoreapthedesiredbenefits,e-commerceapplicationsmustmeetsomefundamentalrequirements;theymustbe:

NetGens(shortforNetworkGeneration),implyingthattheywerethenew,network-basedgenerationofsoftware網(wǎng)絡(luò)情報(bào)toobtain12為了使電子商務(wù)獲取這些所祈望的利益，電子商務(wù)的應(yīng)用必須滿足一些最基本的要求。4注解：以一個(gè)簡單的定單交易為例，其中包括了定單內(nèi)容的傳遞和對(duì)定單的處理。前者屬于數(shù)據(jù)交換，后者屬于流程交易。當(dāng)買方企業(yè)把定單用基于XML的格式傳給了其供應(yīng)商，那么它們之間就完成了定單的數(shù)據(jù)交換。接下來，買方企業(yè)和供應(yīng)商之間對(duì)定單的應(yīng)答過程構(gòu)成了定單的流程交易。如果供應(yīng)商對(duì)定單的處理流程跟買方企業(yè)的一樣，那么流程對(duì)話完成，交易實(shí)現(xiàn)。然而，事實(shí)上，大部分企業(yè)間的流程規(guī)定是不一樣的。如果供應(yīng)商系統(tǒng)中約定一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的不回復(fù)表示拒絕，顯然，這莊交易肯定不能做成功。在這種情況下，買方企業(yè)與供應(yīng)商之間為了實(shí)現(xiàn)交易，就必須彼此溝通，通過利益均衡，定出一個(gè)折中的可行的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)接口流程。在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時(shí)代，企業(yè)所面對(duì)的客戶和供應(yīng)商已經(jīng)不再僅僅局限于本地有限的幾個(gè)，而是散布在世界各地的數(shù)目可觀的一批。如果說原來企業(yè)間交易可以通過專門開發(fā)的接口，那么面對(duì)數(shù)量眾多的異構(gòu)商務(wù)平臺(tái)，在實(shí)時(shí)性要求相當(dāng)苛刻的現(xiàn)在，專用接口已經(jīng)不能勝任，建立一個(gè)基于XML數(shù)據(jù)交換標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的、描述企業(yè)間商務(wù)流程交易的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)框架體系已經(jīng)成為必需。

第二頁P(yáng)assageA注釋與翻譯板1.Standards-basedtoensureportabilityofe-commerceapplicationsacrossmultipleclientandserverplatformsandimproveflexibilityandtimetomarket2.Server-centrictoallowe-commerceapplicationstobedevelopedanddeployedquickly,expandaccesstoabroadrangeofclienttypes,andofferimprovedmanagementanddeploymentcapabilitiescharacteristicofmoderne-commerceapplications3.Scalabletoallowe-commerceapplicationstohandlethehighlyvariableandunpredictableloadsintoday'sWebenvironment4.AvailabletoaddresstheglobalnatureoftheWebrequiringthate-commerceapplicationsrun24hoursaday,sevendaysaweek,withguaranteedqualityofserviceTheabilitytoimportandexportdatabetweensystemsToputintouseoractionThisisanattributivephrasemodifyingthenoun“deploymentcapabilities”andequalsto“whicharecharacteristicofmoderne-commerceapplicationsTheabilityforawebsitetogrowwithouttheneedforatotalredesign.可升級(jí)的tomeetwithThisisanobjectiveclausePassageA注釋與翻譯板5.Securetoaddresscustomers',suppliers',andotherconstituents'demandsforsecureWebinteractions,inrecognitionofthepotentialrisksofdoingbusinessontheWeb6.Easytodevelopanddeploytoachievelowercostsandfastertimetomarket,bothcriticalsuccessfactorsforanybusiness7.Manageabletoachievelowermaintenancecostsandcontributetohigheravailability8.Abletoleverageandextendexistingassetstoimprovetimetomarketandreducecostofdevelopmentanddeployment,whileimprovingsecurity,reliability,andscalability.Identify;distinguishMakefulluseofproperty資產(chǎn)TheapplicationofelectroniccommercecanbeillustratedinFigure3.1:Ordermanagementsystem①Shoppingcart②Orderprocessing③Confirmorder④EntrytodatabaseShopfrontManagementSystem①Customermanagement②Customerdatabase③Salespromotion④SalesreportOnlineShopping①Browsecatalogue②Orderinquiry③SSLencryption④Registereduser⑤NewsletterupdateBrowserConsumerBrowserLogisticsCompany①Receiveorders②Delivergoods③CollectpaymentFinancialInstitution①Verification(vendor’sandconsumer’s)②Onlinepayment③OnlinebankingBusinessBusinesswebsite(ThirdPartyHosted)Internet

4注解：SSL(安全套接層)是

SecureSocketLayer

的首字字母縮寫，是一種加密的通訊協(xié)定,用在使用者與網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)器之間。SSL(SecureSocketLayerProtocol)網(wǎng)絡(luò)資料傳輸?shù)陌踩珔f(xié)定，是由著名的Internet先驅(qū)NetscapeCommunication提出的針對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)的隱秘性/完整性/身份的確認(rèn)/開放性的安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)機(jī)制。Netscape公司已經(jīng)把SSL協(xié)議遞交給W3C網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全工作小組以便使之成為萬維網(wǎng)應(yīng)用的安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。盡管使SSL協(xié)議成為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)還需要一段時(shí)間，但SSL協(xié)議事實(shí)上已被大部分萬維網(wǎng)軟件生產(chǎn)商所采用。SSL協(xié)議能很好地解決身份驗(yàn)證、信息保密、信息完整等網(wǎng)絡(luò)信息傳輸過程中最為關(guān)鍵的安全保密問題。

Aconfirmationoftruthorauthority.

核實(shí)，核查對(duì)真理或權(quán)力的確認(rèn)課文學(xué)習(xí)完畢@ActivitiesOnPassageA3.3.1Criticalthinking1)WillECbelimitedbecausenotmanypeoplecanaffordPCsand/oraccesstotheInternet?2)Whatisyourconcernifyouwanttoinitiateatransactiononline?3)CanyoudescribetheapplicationflowofB2Cmodel?4)WhatistheapplicationflowofB2Bmodeltoyou?5)Whatarethenecessarymeasurestoensureinternetsafetyandprivacy?GivetheChineseequivalentsofthefollowingwordsorexpressions:3.3.2Translationpractice1)SSLencryption2)server-centric3)orderenquiry4)maintenancecosts5)shopfrontmanagementsystem6)verification7)improveefficiency8)reducecosts9)consumerprivacy10)governmentregulationSSL加密（技術(shù)）以服務(wù)器為中心的訂單咨詢

維修費(fèi)用店面管理系統(tǒng)

認(rèn)證

提高效率

減低成本消費(fèi)者隱私

政府監(jiān)管GivetheEnglishequivalentsofthefollowingwordsorexpressions:3.3.2Translationpractice1)售后服務(wù)2)客戶數(shù)據(jù)庫3)訂貨管理系統(tǒng)4)物流管理5)在線支付6)服務(wù)質(zhì)量保證7)供貨商8)在線購物9)網(wǎng)絡(luò)名錄10)安全性和可靠性

after-saleservicecustomerdatabaseordermanagementsystemlogisticsmanagementonlinepaymentguaranteedqualityofservice

vendoronlineshoppingonlinecataloguesecurityandreliabilitySentencetranslationfromEnglishtoChinese:

3.3.2Translationpractice1)Consumersfinditverydifficulttobelievethattheirfinancialinformationwillbesafelytransmittedbetweenthemselvesandamerchant.消費(fèi)者很難相信他們的財(cái)務(wù)資料能被安全地通過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)送達(dá)商戶。2)Itwillrequiretheuseofdigitalsignaturesandencryptiontoensuresecurity.這需要使用數(shù)字簽名和加密技術(shù)來確保安全。

3)Electroniccommerceraiseissuesofsecurity,consumerprivacy,andgovernmentregulation.電子商務(wù)在安全，個(gè)人隱私和政府監(jiān)管方面都產(chǎn)生了新問題。

SentencetranslationfromEnglishtoChinese:

3.3.2Translationpractice4)TheE-commerceapplicationmustbescalabletoallowe-commerceapplicationstohandlethehighlyvariableandunpredictableloadsintoday'sWebenvironment電子商務(wù)應(yīng)用適應(yīng)范圍應(yīng)較廣，以滿足在當(dāng)今的網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境下處理多變及不可預(yù)料的工作需求。

5)Electroniccommercecouldleadtoimprovementsinbothdevelopednationsanddevelopingnations.發(fā)達(dá)國家與發(fā)展中國家都能從電子商務(wù)中受益。

SentencetranslationfromChinesetoEnglish.3.3.2Translationpractice1)消費(fèi)者足不出戶，就能支付賬單，開立賬戶并且清點(diǎn)股票。(opennewaccounts)

Withoutleavinghome,consumerscanpaybills,opennewaccountsandcheckstocks.2)電子商務(wù)能讓公司降低廣告、裝運(yùn)費(fèi)用及設(shè)計(jì)和生產(chǎn)的成本。(allow…toreduce)Electroniccommerceallowscompaniestoreduceadvertisingcosts,deliverycostsanddesignandmanufacturingcosts.SentencetranslationfromChinesetoEnglish

3.3.2Translationpractice4)我們可以利用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)采集各種各樣的商品信息。(leverage)WecanleveragetheInternettocollectvariousproductinformation.5)你把這根電線和電視機(jī)連上好嗎？(connect)Willyouconnectthiswiretothetelevision?End3)他之所以取得成功是他努力的結(jié)果。(achievesuccess)Heachievedsuccessbecausehewasahardworker.注釋與翻譯板DistinguishingFeaturesofE-Commerce

PassageBE-commercehasseveralbenefitsoverthenormalmanualtrade.AsthereachofInternetisvast,theMerchantcansellgoodstoalargernumberofpeople.Moreover,amerchantcanreachacustomerwhoisphysicallytoofaraway.Thecustomer,ontheotherhand,canbuysomethingfromamerchantwhowouldotherwisenothavebeenaccessibletohim.Hehasgotawiderchoice.Moreover,unnecessarydelaysthatareinvolvedinconductingatradelikemovingtotheplacewheretradeisconductedcanbecutshort.Thisalsoreducestheoverheadcostsincertaincases.Takethecaseofanormalauction.Youhavetopayforthepersonconductingtheauctionandtheplacewheretheauctionisbeingheld.Ashereisusedasaconjunction,introducinganadverbialclause.Thewordreachhereisanoun,usedasthesubject,meaningrangeorscopeofinfluenceoreffect.影響力產(chǎn)生影響或效果的范圍或領(lǐng)域(Plscomparethereachinthenextsentence,whichmeanstocontact.)拍賣Theoperatingexpensesofabusiness,includingthecostsofrent,utilities,interiordecoration,andtaxes,exclusiveoflaborandmaterials.

管理費(fèi)用，經(jīng)常費(fèi)用企業(yè)的管理費(fèi)用，包括租金、設(shè)備、內(nèi)部裝修及繳稅等的花銷，但不包括工資和購買原料的費(fèi)用第二頁P(yáng)assageB注釋與翻譯板參考譯文

人們一般不會(huì)愿意將有關(guān)財(cái)務(wù)方面的信息提交給互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，除非他們確信信息不會(huì)被未授權(quán)者獲得。

4注解：beaccessed意思是“被獲取”；過去分詞短語notauthorizedtogettheinformation修飾someone。However,iftheauctionisconductedontheInternet,youjusthavetopayforthewebapplicationconductingtheauction,whichingeneralwillbetoocheapormightevencomeforfree.Theotheradvantagetothecustomerisround-the-clockavailabilityofgoods/services.Thedemandsofcustomerscanbemetatawkwardhoursforthereisnopersonneededtoconductthetrade.Thesellercanhaveawebapplicationsellinghisgoods.However,therearecertainproblemsrelatedtoE-commercethathasgreatlystalledtheprogressofE-commerce.Themostobviousofthesearethoserelatedtosecurityandprivacy.Peoplewon'tliketogiveinformationovertheInternetrelatedtofinanceunlesstheyareverysurethattheinformationcannotbeaccessedbysomeonenotauthorizedtogettheinformation.

1alldayandallnightwithoutstopping全天候的stop;haltPassageB課文學(xué)習(xí)完畢

注釋與翻譯板參考譯文4注解：注意anyuniversallyaccepted屬于過去分詞短語，用作定語，直接放在其修飾的對(duì)象solution的前面。

然而，即使到那時(shí)，對(duì)于那些能夠支付昂貴的軟件安裝費(fèi)用來解決他們個(gè)別的問題的商家而言，安全解決方案仍會(huì)受到制約。4注解：主語this指前面所提到的solution；remainrestricted意為“仍然受制約”；定語從句thataremadetosolvetheirindividualproblem修飾先行詞protocols。

Anumberofsolutionsarebeingproposedtotakecareofalltheseproblems.Thoughnoneofthemcanbeappliedtoeverysituation,E-commerceissurelycatchingup.Giventhebenefitsitprovides,therelatedproblemsmustbesolved(inacheapandefficientmanner).Thereisnowayout.However,tillthenthiswillremainrestrictedtothemerchantswhocanaffordtopayforinstallationofcostlyprotocolsthataremadetosolvetheirindividualproblem.Moneytransactionhastobedonesecurely.Moreover,sometransactionsdemandanonymityofthecustomer.Alltheseissuesareverycomplicatedandtherehasnotyetbeenanyuniversallyacceptedsolutiontoit.TheotherreasonforpeoplebeingwaryofE-commerceisthatthelegalframeworkforE-commerceisnotproperlydefined.

123假如電子商務(wù)有利可圖，那么相關(guān)問題就必須（以低廉而有效的方式）得到解決。4注解：Given假設(shè)的，假使的。例如：△Givengoodweather,ourshipwillreachShanghaiMondayevening.假如天氣好，我們的船將于星期一晚上到達(dá)上海。△I'dcomeandseeyouinNewYork,giventhechance.如果有機(jī)會(huì),我就到紐約來看你。所有這些問題都非常復(fù)雜，而且也還沒有得到普遍認(rèn)可的解決方案。

Thequalityorstateofbeingunknownorunacknowledged.匿名Tospecifydistinctly;Todescribethenatureorbasicqualitiesof;explain規(guī)定;解釋3.6.1Tellwhetherthefollowingstatementsare(T)orfalse(F)3.6Activities@ActivitiesOnPassageB1ConsumersneedtoknowtheirfinancialinformationsecuredbeforetheyarereadytosendoutrelateddataovertheInternet.2Asolutiontothesecurityissueiswidelyacceptedbypeople.3ThelegalframeworkofE-commerceisstillincomplete.4BothmanufacturerandconsumerfindthemselvesawiderchoicebyusingE-commerce.5CustomercanobtaingoodsorservicesthroughInternetatanytime.TFTTT3.6.2MatchtheEnglishontherightwithChineseontheleft1authorizedA隱私和安全2auctionB法律框架

3privacyandsecurityC匿名4legalframeworkD被授權(quán)

5anonymityE拍賣EndBasicRequirementsFortheLettersofCommerce@BasicE-commerceWriting3.7.1Well-expressedandclearlanguage明確而清晰的語言Whenyouwriteabusinessletter,youmusttrytosetdownyouraim.Askyourself,whyamIwriting?AndwhatdoIwanttoachieve?Thecleareryouareinyourownmindaboutwhatyouwanttoachieve,thebetteryourletter.Bydoingthis,youhavetolearntopresentthemostrelevantinformationforyourreaders'needs.

3.7.2Helpfulandfriendlywriting有益和善的寫作Whenyouwriteabusinessletter,it’sveryimportanttouseatonethatisfriendlyandefficient.Trytogiveapersonalandhumanfeeltoyourwriting,andtrytomakewritingmuchmorereadablesuchasusingI,we,you,your,my,andourinyourwriting.Thisisausefultricktomakewritinglookandsoundmorelikeface-to-facetalk.3.7.3Writeyourbusinessletterinplainlanguage簡明扼要的語言Yourbusinesslettermaybeimpressingbecauseyouhaveorganizedthecontenttoappealtothereader'sneeds;youneedtouseprofessionaleditingtechniquestomakesureyouwriteclearlyandconcisely.Don'tstrainyourreader'sconcentrationwithlongsentences.3.7.4Useactiveverbs使用生動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞Trytowritethesentencewithstrong,activeverbs.Thiswillpresentyouasactive,andgiveasensethatthewriterisincontrolandisdynamicallyinvolvedwiththesubjectbeingdiscussed.3.7.5Positiveandseriousattitude積極認(rèn)真的態(tài)度Thequalityofpositivenesswouldgiveyourwritingmuchmoreimpactandisacommontechniqueinmarketingandadvertisingmaterial.Marketingpeopleusethistechniquetoputinformationacrossclearlyandtogivetheirwritingimpact.

Keepingyourletterseriouscanavoidsuspicion,evenwithsomeoneyouknowwell,itisbettertowritestraightforwardlyonthesubject.3.7.6Establishingnecessarybusinessrelations建立必要的商務(wù)關(guān)系Establishingbusinessrelationsisthefirststepinatransactionforeigntrade.Italwaysincludestheself-introduction,initialintentionsanddesires.Thisshouldbeabrief,friendlyletter.Itshouldnotimplythatyourreaderhasanobligationtomeetwiththecontact,butitdoesshowyourinterestandconsideration.Yourreadermustretaintheoptionofactingonthisinformationbasedonhisorherownneedsanddesires.Thisisnotaletterofreference,soincludeonlyinformationrelevanttotheoccasion.Forexample:3.7.7Sample1

DearSirsLearningfromtheCommercialCounselor’sOfficeofourEmbassyinyourcountrythatyouareoneoftheleadingimportersofcannedfoodstuffs,wehavethepleasureofintroducingourselvestoyouasastatecorporationspecializingintheexportofcannedgoods,andexpressourdesiretoenterintobusinessrelationswithyou.Inordertogiveyouageneralideaofourcannedgoods,wearesendingyoubyseparateairmailacopyofourlatestcatalogue.Quotationsandsampleswillbesenttoyouuponreceiptofyourspecificenquiries.Wearelookingforwardwithinteresttohearingfromyou.YoursfaithfullyDearSirsWewishtoappointanexclusiveagentforourTextbookDivisioninthefollowingterritories:…wouldyoubeinterestedintakingthisagency?Wewishstocktobeheldlocallyandwouldpreferanoutrightpurchaseagreement,butwouldconsiderconsignmentterms.Weenclosepreliminaryinformationabouttheproductdivisioninquestion.Weprovidedetailedsupportforouragencies,includingregularadvanceproductinformationandsharedpromotionalmaterial.Ifyouareinterested,couldyoukindlysendusyourproposalsforhandlingthisproductline,coveringthefollowingmatters:Othercompaniesrepresented;Commercialandfinancialreferences;Summaryofmarketconditionsfortheproductline;Yourorganization,localcoverageandpromotionalactivities;Three-yearsalesoutlookforourproducts;Yoursuggestedtermsofagreement.Welookforwardtohearingfromyouandtodiscussingpossibletermsinmoredetail.Withbestwished.Yourstruly

Encl.:resume3.7.9WritingPractice

1)WritealettertoMessrs.Zhang&Co.withthefollowingparticulars:

End4Yourcompanyestablishedin1950,4Yourcompanyhasbeenexpandingbusinessoperationsaroundtheworldasaleadingexporterandimport

ofbusinessmachines.4Yourlineofbusinessincludes:copyingmachines,typewriter,calculators,printing,etc.4Youwishtohavetheco-operationforeachother.參考答案OutlookExpress&RelatedReadingMicrosoftOutlookExpressputstheworldofonlinecommunicationonyourdesktop.Whetheryouwanttoexchangee-mailwithcolleaguesandfriendsorjoinnewsgroupstotradeideasandinformation,herearewhatyouareenabledtodowithit.1.Ifyouhaveseverale-mailornewsgroupaccounts,youcanworkwithallofthemwithinonewindow.Youcanalsocreatemultipleusers,oridentities,forthesamecomputer.Eachidentityhasuniquee-mailfoldersandanindividualAddressBook.Multipleidentitiesmakeiteasyforyoutokeepworke-mailseparatefrompersonale-mail,andalsotokeepindividualusers'e-mailseparated.2.Usingthemessagelistandpreviewpane,youcanviewalistofmessagesandreadindividualmessagesatthesametime.TheFolderslistcontainse-mailfolders,newsservers,andnewsgroups,andyoucaneasilyswitchamongthem.Youcanalsocreatenewfolderstoorganizeandsortmessages,andthensetupmessagerulessothatincominge-mailthatmeetsyourcriteriaautomaticallygoestoaspecificfolder.Youcanalsocreateyourownviewstocustomizethewayyoulookatyoure-mail.4.YoucansavenamesandaddressesintheAddressBookautomaticallybysimplyreplyingtoamessage.Youcanalsoimportnamesandaddressesfromotherprograms,typethemintotheAddressBook,addthemfrome-mailmessagesyoureceive,oraddthemfromasearchofpopularInternetdirectoryservices(whitepages).TheAddressBooksupportsLightweightDirectoryAccessProtocol(LDAP)forviewingInternetdirectoryservices.3.IfyourInternetserviceprovider(ISP)usesanInternetmessageaccessprotocol(IMAP)e-mailserverforincominge-mail,youcanread,store,andorganizeyourmessagesinfoldersontheserverwithoutdownloadingthemessagestoyourcomputer.Thatway,youcanviewmessagesfromanycomputerthatcanconnecttothatserver5.Youcaninsertessentialinformationintooutgoingmessagesaspartofyourpersonalsignature,andyoucancreatemultiplesignaturestousefordifferentpurposes.Youcanalsoincludeabusinesscardwithmoredetailedinformation.Tomakeyourmessageslookmoreattractive,youcanaddstationerypatternsandbackgrounds,andyoucanchangethecol