《隨堂優(yōu)化訓(xùn)練》高中英語 Unit 5 Section II Learning about Language配套課件 北師大必修1

SectionⅡLearningaboutLanguage

Thescientistfromwhomthewholenationbenefitedalotneverlostheartwhenhewasintrouble.讓全國人民受益很大的那位科學(xué)家在處于困境時從不灰心。loseheart喪失勇氣或信心典例拓展Neverloseheartwhenyoufail.失敗時別灰心。loseone'shearttosb./sth.愛上/鐘情于某人/物breakone'sheart使人難過/傷心putone'sheartinto把全部心思放在……learn...byheart背誦；牢記fromthebottomofone'sheart從某人的內(nèi)心深處運用完成句子，每空一詞①Don't________________(灰心)．Ibelieveyou'llsucceedonedayifyouinsistonit.loseheart②She________________________________(愛上)himatthefirstsight.lostherheartto

③Ithankher________________________________________________(從我的內(nèi)心深處)．fromthebottomofmyheart定語從句(Ⅱ)：由關(guān)系副詞where,when,why,介詞．＋which/whom引導(dǎo)的定語從句

關(guān)系副詞where,when,why和關(guān)系代詞一樣放在先行詞的后面起引導(dǎo)作用，同時在定語從句中分別充當(dāng)?shù)攸c、時間和原因狀語。1．where指地點，在定語從句中作地點狀語。如：ThisistheuniversitywhereGrandpastudied30yearsago.這是爺爺30年前就讀過的大學(xué)。2．when指時間，在定語從句中作時間狀語。如：Canyoustillrememberthateveningwhenwemetforthefirsttime？你還記得我們第一次見面的那個晚上嗎？DoyouknowthedatewhenthePeople'sRepublicofChinawasfounded？你知道中華人民共和國成立的日期嗎？

注意：關(guān)系副詞

where引導(dǎo)的定語從句有時先行詞不是具體的地點名詞，而是抽象名詞position,stage,situation,case,occasion等。如：Hegotintoasituationwhereitishardtodecidewhatisrightandwrong.他陷入了一種難以分辨是非的局面。3．why指原因，在定語從句中作原因狀語。如：Thereasonwhyherefusedthejobisthathethoughtthesalarywasalittletoolow.他拒絕那份工作的原因是他覺得工資太低了一點。Idon'tknowthereasonwhyhedidn'ttellittohisfather.我不知道他沒有把這件事告訴他父親的原因。

4．由于關(guān)系副詞在定語從句中相當(dāng)于“介詞＋名詞”，即when＝on/in/during...(time);where＝in/at/on...(place);why＝for...(reason)，因此關(guān)系副詞可換為“介詞＋which”引導(dǎo)定語從句。如：Thatisthedaywhen(onwhich)hedidtheexperiments.就是他做實驗的那一天。Thisisthehousewhere(inwhich)myfatherusedtolive.這就是我父親以前住過的房子。Thatisthereasonwhy(forwhich)heisleavingverysoon.那就是他為什么要馬上離開的原因。

注意：在“介詞＋which”的結(jié)構(gòu)中，介詞的選擇取決于which所指的名詞與介詞的搭配關(guān)系，或者取決于定語從句中動詞詞組與介詞的搭配關(guān)系。如：Thisisthefarmonwhich(where)Iworkedthreeyearsago.(搭配：onafarm)這就是我三年前工作過的農(nóng)場。Hecan'tforgetthatmomentatwhich(when)hesawhislong-lostchild.(搭配：atthemoment)他永遠(yuǎn)忘不了他見到失散很久的孩子的那一瞬間。Lastweekhewenttoapopstar'sperformance,forwhichhepaid100yuan.(搭配：paymoneyforsth.)上周他去聽了一個明星演唱會，為此他花了100元。

5．當(dāng)表示人的關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作賓語時，可以用whom也可以用who和that，且可以省略；但當(dāng)動詞短語的介詞提前時，就一定要用whom，且不能省略。如：He'sthesinger(whom/who/that)welike.他是我們喜歡的歌手。He'sthemantowhomshetalkedyeterday.他是她昨天與之交談的人。

6．when,where引導(dǎo)的定語從句和when,where引導(dǎo)的狀語從句的區(qū)別

when,where可以同時引導(dǎo)定語從句和狀語從句，都在從句中作狀語。但在引導(dǎo)定語從句時，前面必須分別有先行詞，此時when,where可相應(yīng)地改為“介詞＋which”結(jié)構(gòu)；而在引導(dǎo)狀語從句時，從句前沒有表示時間或地點的名詞，此時不可將when,where改為“介詞＋which”結(jié)構(gòu)。如：Shewouldliketoliveinacountryneversnows.她想住在一個不下雪的國家。(畫線線部部分分為為定定語語從從句句，，修修飾飾句中中作作狀狀語語)Shewouldliketolivewhereitneversnows.她想想住住在在一一個個不不下下雪雪的的地地方方。。(畫線線部部分分為為狀狀語語從從句句，，修修飾飾在從從句句中中作作狀狀語語)7．that代替替關(guān)系系副副詞詞的的特特殊殊用用法法在特特殊殊情情況況下下，，that可以which”，用于表示時間、地點、理由。在口語中that常被省略。如：Hisfatherdiedtheyearwhen/inwhich/(that)hewasborn.他父親親在在他他出出生生那那年年逝逝世世了了。。Heisunlikelytofindtheplacewhere/inwhich/(that)helivedfortyyearsago.他不不大大可可能能找找到到他他四四十十年年前前居居住住過過的的地地方方。。Thereasonwhy/forwhich/(that)I'mringingistoaskyouforafavour.我打打電電話話是是想想向向你你求求助助。。一、用用適當(dāng)當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)關(guān)系詞詞將下下列每每對句句子連連成一一個復(fù)復(fù)合句句1．Thisisthehall.Welistenedtothereportinittheotherday.→Thisisthehall.2.Thecarwasgoing90milesanhour.Thecarjustpassedus.→Thecarwasgoing90milesanhour.3.Thehouseisverylarge.Weliveinit.→Thehouseisverylarge.4.Wemetawomaninthepark.ThewomanisfromAmerica.→ThewomanisfromAmerica.where/inwhichwelistenedtothereporttheotherdayatwhichthecarjustpasseduswhere/inwhichwelive/(which/that)welivein(that/who/whom)wemetinthepark5.ShaolinTemplewelcomesvisitorsbothathomeandabroad.ItliesinthewestofZhengzhou.→ShaolinTempleathomeandabroad.6．Hewaslateforschoolagain.Doyouknowthereason?→Doyouknowthereason？7.Noneofusbelievethereason.Heexplainedthereasonforhiscominglate.→Noneofusbelievethereason.which/thatliesinthewestofZhengzhouwelcomesvisitorsboth.why/forwhichhewaslateforschoolagain(which/that)heexplainedforhiscominglate8.Hehasgothimselfintoadangeroussituation.Heislikelytolosecontroloftheplane.→Hehasgothimselfintoadangeroussituation.9．Weneverforgetthosedays.Weworkedtogetherinthosedays.→Weneverforgetthosedays.10．Heistheoldman.mybrotherhasworkedwithhimfor10years.→Heistheoldman.where/inwhichheislikelytolosecontroloftheplanewhen/inwhichweworkedtogetherwithwhommybrotherhasworkedfor10years二、用適當(dāng)當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞詞填空onwhich1.Thisisthetrain________theyoftengotoShanghai.2.Heworkedinafactory________producedcomputerpartsforsomekeycompanies.which/that3．Hewaseducatedatafamousuniversity,________hewentabroadandsettledthere.afterwhich4.Youmaycallmefromonetosixo'clock,Iamalwaysathome.duringwhich5.Whoistheboyinblueoverthere________youtalkedtojustnow?that/whom6．Aftergraduationshereachedapointinhercareersheneededtodecidewhattodo.where/atwhich7．Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthatschools