高考沖刺英語(yǔ)閱讀理解課堂練答案解析

2020高考英語(yǔ)：閱讀理解課堂練（10）PassageNineteen(TV’sHarmfulness)Yes,butwhatdidweusetodobeforetherewastelevision?Howoftenwehearstatementslikethis!Televisionhasn’tbeenwithusallthatlong,butwearealreadybeginningtoforgetwhattheworldwaslikewithoutit.Beforeweadmittedtheone-eyedmonsterintoourhomes,weneverfounditdifficulttooccupyoursparetime.Weusedtoenjoycivilizedpleasures.Forinstance,weusedtohavehobbies,weusedtoentertainourfriendsandbeentertainedbythem,weusedtogooutsideforouramusementstotheatres,cinemas,restaurantsandsportingevents.Weevenusedtoreadbooksandlistentomusicandbroadcasttalksoccasionally.Allthatbelongstothepast.Nowallourfreetimeisregulatedbythegogglebox.Werushhomeorgulpdownourmealstobeintimeforthisorthatprogramme.Wehaveevengivenupsittingattableandhavingaleisurelyeveningmeal,exchangingthenewsoftheday.Asandwichandaglassofbeerwilldo–anything,providingitdoesn’tinterferewiththeprogramme.Themonsterdemandsandobtainsabsolutesilenceandattention.Ifanymemberofthefamilydarestoopenhismouthduringaprogramme,heisquicklysilenced.Wholegenerationsaregrowingupaddictedtothetelly.Foodisleftuneaten,homeworkundoneandsleepislost.Thetellyisauniversalpacifier.Itisnowstandardpracticeformothertokeepthechildrenquietbyputtingthemintheliving-roomandturningontheset.Itdoesn’tmatterthatthechildrenwillwatchrubbishycommercialsorspectaclesofsadismandviolence–solongastheyarequiet.Thereisalimittotheamountofcreativetalentavailableintheworld.Everyday,televisionconsumesvastquantitiesofcreativework.Thatiswhymostoftheprogrammesaresobad:itisimpossibletokeeppacewiththedemandandmaintainhighstandardsaswell.Whenmillionswatchthesameprogrammes,thewholeworldbecomesavillage,andsocietyisreducedtotheconditionswhichobtaininpreliteratecommunities.Webecomeutterlydependentonthetwomostprimitivemediaofcommunication:picturesandthespokenword.Televisionencouragespassiveenjoyment.Webecomecontentwithsecond-handexperiences.Itissoeasytositinourarmchairswatchingothersworking.Littlebylittle,televisioncutsusofffromtherealworld.Wegetsolazy,wechoosetospendafinedayinsemi-darkness,gluedtooursets,ratherthangooutintotheworlditself.Televisionmaybessplendidmediumofcommunication,butitpreventsusfromcommunicatingwitheachother.Weonlybecomeawarehowtotallyirrelevanttelevisionistoreallivingwhenwespendaholidaybytheseaorinthemountains,farawayfromcivilization.Inquiet,naturalsurroundings,wequicklydiscoverhowlittlewemissthehypnotictyrannyofKingTelly.1.WhatisthebiggestharmofTV?A.Itdeprivespeopleofcommunicationwiththerealworld.B.Peoplebecomelazy.C.Peoplebecomedependentonsecond-handexperience.D.TVconsumesalargepartofone’slife.2.InwhatwaycanpeopleforgetTV?A.Farawayfromcivilization.B.Toamountain.C.Bythesea.D.Inquietnaturalsurroundings.3.Whatdoesamotherusuallydotokeepherchildrenquiet?A.Letthemwatchtheset.B.Puttheminthelivingroom.C.Letthemwatchtherubbish.D.Letthemalone.4.Whatdoesthefirstsentenceinthefirstparagraphmean?A.Wefounditdifficulttooccupyoursparetime.B.WebecomeaddictedtoTV.C.Whatweusedtodoisdifferentfromnow.D.Weusedtoenjoycivilizedpleasures.Vocabulary

轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)眼珠，瞪眼

gogglebox

（英俚）電視機(jī)

狼吞虎咽

電視機(jī)

平息者，撫慰者。這里指平靜人，使人不吱聲的東西。

垃圾的，無(wú)價(jià)值的

施淫虐

膠（水）；粘牢

gluetothesets

和電視機(jī)粘在一起，指成了電視迷

催眠的難句譯注1.Thereisalimittotheamountofcreativetalentavailableintheworld.【參考譯文】世界上可以獲得的創(chuàng)造性才能的數(shù)量是有限的。寫作方法與文章大意這是一篇論說(shuō)“電視有害”的文章。采用對(duì)比分析手法。先提出問(wèn)題，對(duì)比過(guò)去和現(xiàn)在“過(guò)去在業(yè)余時(shí)間，我們享受文明的歡樂，有各種嗜好，招待朋友，訪友，外出娛樂，在家讀書聽音樂……現(xiàn)在一切受電視支配。匆忙趕回家，狼吞虎咽地吃完飯為的是準(zhǔn)時(shí)看某個(gè)電視節(jié)目。只要不干擾節(jié)目，吃什么都可以！一塊三明治，一杯啤酒就行?？磿r(shí)，誰(shuí)都不許說(shuō)話，完全沒有了過(guò)去的那種悠閑，坐在一起吃晚飯，相互交談白天的一切。”然后列出電視種種惡果：整個(gè)幾代人成了電視迷，連孩子也不能幸免，電視消耗了大量的創(chuàng)造性工作，人們成為以來(lái)電視生存的人，被動(dòng)娛樂，制止我們和真實(shí)世界交流。最后結(jié)論：到大自然去，忘掉電視。答案詳解它剝奪了人們和真實(shí)世界的聯(lián)系。文章多次提到現(xiàn)在我們不能探親訪友，一家人互不交流，而一旦離開電視就進(jìn)入了真是世界。B.人變懶。C.人們變得依賴二手經(jīng)驗(yàn)。D.電視浪費(fèi)了人生的大量時(shí)間。這三項(xiàng)只是危害重具體一個(gè)組成部分。在安寧的大自然的懷抱中。答案在最后一段最后一句“在安詳寧?kù)o的大自然環(huán)境中，我們很快發(fā)現(xiàn)我們對(duì)催眠的電視暴君連想都不怎么想！”A.遠(yuǎn)離文明。B.去山上。C.在海邊。叫他們看電視。這在第二段第三句起“電視是一個(gè)萬(wàn)能安靜器。母親為使孩子們安靜，就把他們放在起居室內(nèi)，打開電視看。這是現(xiàn)在最權(quán)威的一招。至于孩子們看的使垃圾般的商業(yè)廣告，還是施淫虐或暴力片都無(wú)關(guān)緊要，只要他們安靜不鬧?！盉.把他們擱在起居室。C.讓他們看垃圾片。都是其中的具體一部分。D.讓他們呆著。沒有提到。我們都成了電視迷。第一句“是的，可是沒有電視之前，我們常干些什么？”這說(shuō)明人們已經(jīng)習(xí)慣于電視，以來(lái)電視，到了沒有電視怎么辦的境地。不知道沒有電視前的情況。第二段“整個(gè)幾代人越來(lái)越迷上了電視，飯不吃，家務(wù)不干，不睡覺。”可以說(shuō)整篇文章都描寫了人們對(duì)電視迷戀，依賴。第一句話是引言。所以B對(duì)。A.難以消遣。只是人們的一種感受。C.過(guò)去和現(xiàn)在不同。是一種對(duì)比，并沒有點(diǎn)出這句話的真正內(nèi)涵。D.享受文明歡樂。是過(guò)去所作的一個(gè)具體例子。PassageTwenty(TheLawtoKeeptheOilIndustryunderControl)TheNorwegianGovernmentisdoingitsbesttokeeptheoilindustryundercontrol.Anewlawlimitsexplorationtoanareasouthofthesouthernendofthelongcoastline;productionlimitshavebeenlaiddown(thoughthesehavealreadybeenraised);andoilcompanieshavenotbeenallowedtoemploymorethanalimitednumberofforeignworkers.Buttheoilindustryhasawayofgettingoversuchproblems,andfewpeoplebelievethattheGovernmentwillbeabletoholdthingsbackforlong.AsonNorwegianpoliticiansaidlastweek:“Wewillsoonbechangedbeyondallrecognition.”Eversincethewar,theGovernmenthasbeencarryingoutaprogrammeofdevelopmentintheareanorthoftheArcticCircle.Duringthepastfewyearsthisprogrammehashadagreatdealofsuccess:Tromsohasbeenbuiltupintoalocalcapitalwithauniversity,alargehospitalandahealthyindustry.Buttheoilindustryhasalreadystartedtodrawpeoplesouth,andwithinafewyearsthewholenorthernpolicycouldbeinruins.Theeffectsoftheoilindustrywouldnotbelimitedtothenorth,however.Withnearly100percentemployment,everyonecanseeasituationdevelopinginwhichtheserviceindustriesandthetouristindustrywilllosemoreoftheirworkerstotheoilindustry.Somesmallerindustriesmightevendisappearaltogetherwhenitbecomescheapertobuygoodsfromabroad.TherealargumentoveroilisitsthreattotheNorwegianwayoflife.Farmersandfishermendonotmakeupmostofthepopulation,buttheyareanimportantpartofit,becauseNorwegiansseeinthemmanyofthequalitiesthattheyregardwithprideasessentiallyNorwegian.Anditisthefarmersandthefishermenwhoaremostcriticaloftheoilindustrybecauseofthedamagethatitmightcausetothecountrysideandtothesea.1.TheNorwegianGovernmentwouldprefertheoilindustryto_________.A.providemorejobsforforeignworkers.B.slowdowntherateofitsdevelopment.C.selltheoilitisproducingabroad.D.developmorequicklythanatpresent.NorwegianGovernmenthastriedto_________.A.encouragetheoilcompaniestodiscovernewoilsources.B.preventoilcompaniesemployingpeoplefromnorthernNorway.C.helptheoilcompaniessolvemanyoftheirproblems.D.keeptheoilindustrytosomethingnearitspresentsize.tothepassage,theoilindustrymightleadnorthernNorwayto_________.A.thedevelopmentofindustry.B.agrowthinpopulation.C.thefailureofthedevelopmentprogramme.D.thedevelopmentofnewtowns.thesouth,oneeffecttothedevelopmentoftheoilindustrymightbe_________.A.alargereductiononunemployment.B.agrowthinthetouristindustry.C.areductioninthenumberofexistingindustries.D.thedevelopmentofanumberofserviceindustries.farmersandfishermenhaveanimportantinfluencebecause_________.A.theyformsuchalargepartofNorwegianideal.B.theirlivesandvaluesrepresenttheNorwegianideal.C.theirworkissousefultotherestofNorwegiansociety.D.theyregardoilasathreattotheNorwegianwayoflife.Vocabulary

挪威的；挪威人

海岸線

承認(rèn)；認(rèn)識(shí)；贊賞

鄉(xiāng)下；鄉(xiāng)民難句譯注newlawlimitsexplorationtoanareasouthofthesouthernendofthelongcoastline;productionlimitshavebeenlaiddown(thoughthesehavealreadybeenraised);andoilcompanieshavenotbeenallowedtoemploymorethanalimitednumberofforeignworkers.【結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)析】用兩個(gè)分號(hào)連接三句句子。【參考譯文】一條新的法律限制人們僅在長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的海岸線南端以南地區(qū)進(jìn)行勘探考察；規(guī)定了石油生產(chǎn)限量（雖然已提高）；石油公司雇傭外國(guó)工人不許超出限定額。nearly100percentemployment,everyonecanseeasituationdevelopinginwhichtheserviceindustriesandthetouristindustrywilllosemoreoftheirworkerstotheoilindustry.【參考譯文】由于將近百分之一百就業(yè)率，每個(gè)人都能看出形式發(fā)展中服務(wù)行業(yè)和旅游行業(yè)的大部分工人會(huì)跑到石油工業(yè)方面去。andfishermendonotmakeupmostofthepopulation,buttheyareanimportantpartofit,becauseN