初中英語(yǔ)牛津譯林版八年級(jí)上冊(cè)Unit4Doityourself 全國(guó)優(yōu)質(zhì)課

內(nèi)容：Unit4Grammar課型：新授學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)學(xué)會(huì)運(yùn)用祈使句表達(dá)指令。學(xué)會(huì)使用should和hadbetter來(lái)提建議。重點(diǎn)祈使句的用法難點(diǎn)祈使句的用法課前預(yù)習(xí)：（一）在書(shū)上找出下列短語(yǔ)：1.修理架子2.在每張卡片上3.在…的另一邊4.給出建議5.一把剪刀6.最好不做某事7.放棄做某事8.參加“自己動(dòng)手”俱樂(lè)部（二）試著填出下列詞的形式：1.（write）somewordsoneachcard.2.(nottouch)thewetpaint.canbedangerous,youshould(be)patient.’dbetter(notbe)lateforschool.youmake(sentence)with“should”and“hadbetter”?二、教學(xué)過(guò)程【語(yǔ)法講解】（一）祈使句：定義：祈使句是英語(yǔ)的基本句型之一，表達(dá)說(shuō)話人對(duì)對(duì)方的叮囑、勸告、請(qǐng)求或命令等，往往有表示請(qǐng)求、命令、希望、禁止、勸告等意思。祈使句一般沒(méi)有主語(yǔ)，實(shí)際上是省略了主語(yǔ)“You”。句末用感嘆號(hào)或句號(hào)，用降調(diào)朗讀?？隙ńY(jié)構(gòu)都以動(dòng)詞原形開(kāi)頭。例如：（catch）theball！接球?。╟ome）andmeetmyfamily．Kate,you(clean)theclassroomtoday.表現(xiàn)形式：1.祈使句的肯定式有三種形式，即(1)Do型（以行為動(dòng)詞原形開(kāi)頭），例如：Sitdown坐下！Standup起立！(2)Be型（以be開(kāi)頭），例如：Bequiet安靜！(3)Let型（以let開(kāi)頭），例如：Letmehelpyou.讓我來(lái)幫助你。2.祈使句的否定結(jié)構(gòu)是以“Don’t＋動(dòng)詞原形”開(kāi)頭。1）Do和Be直接在前面加Don’t例如：(notgo)there,please．請(qǐng)別去那兒。(notbe)late．不要遲到。（notdo）thatagain.不要在做那件事了。2）Let’s型祈使句，其否定式有兩種：Don’tletthewaterrunintotheroom．不要讓水流進(jìn)屋里。=thewaterintotheroom．。3）有些用No開(kāi)頭，用來(lái)表示禁止祈使句。Noparking禁止停車Nofishing禁止釣魚(yú)3.注意：表示請(qǐng)求、勸告的祈使句還常常在句前或句末加上Please,構(gòu)成句式：Please．．．或．．．please．以使語(yǔ)氣更加緩和或客氣。例如：Pleasestandup。=，．請(qǐng)站起來(lái)。(二)用should和hadbetter提建議：hadbetter語(yǔ)氣較should強(qiáng)。1.had

better

是固定詞組，意思是“應(yīng)該；最好”，后接不帶to的不定式，其用法相當(dāng)于情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，動(dòng)詞had沒(méi)有人稱或數(shù)的變化。had

better

常用來(lái)提出建議，語(yǔ)氣較強(qiáng)，往往含有強(qiáng)迫或命令的口氣，故常用于長(zhǎng)輩對(duì)晚輩、上級(jí)對(duì)下級(jí)或平輩之間。該短語(yǔ)指的是現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)的情況，而不是指過(guò)去。hadbetter的簡(jiǎn)略式為：'dbetter。如：

1)

therebybus.你最好是坐公共汽車去那里。

2)

Wehadbetter(start)atonce.我們最好立刻出發(fā)。注意：hadbetter的否定是hadbetternot；疑問(wèn)式是將had放在主語(yǔ)之前。如：

1)

We'dbetter(nottell)himthenews.我們最好不要告訴他這個(gè)消息。

2）Wehadbetternotgotothestationtomeethim(改成一般疑問(wèn)句)

younotgotothestationtomeethim?

2.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should常用來(lái)表示勸告、建議或義務(wù)，意思是“應(yīng)該”，可用于各種人稱，語(yǔ)氣委婉，后接不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式。例如：1）Youshouldn't(come)tosuchadecisionhastily.你不應(yīng)該匆忙作出這樣的決定。2）Thepartygreatfun.那個(gè)集會(huì)一定很有意思。當(dāng)堂檢測(cè)：mustcomehere.（改成祈使句）.mustn’tdothatagain.(同上)dothatagain.youuseyourhead,youwillfindtheway.(同上),youwillfindtheway.’dbetterpracticethepianoeveryday.(改成一般疑問(wèn)句)youpracticethepianoeveryday?’dbetterwriteasentenceonthispage.(改成否定句)writeasentenceonthispage.三、課后鞏固（一）單項(xiàng)選擇()1.—Ihavetogettotheairportat10:00butit’s9:20a.m.now.—!Icansendyoutherebycar.’sadealup’tworryyourbest()’tdrawonthewall.’dlike,Ido.’swrong,Iwon’tdoagain.()careful!Thewateristoohot.You’dbetteritrightnow.notdrinktodrinkdrinkdrinking.()!Thereisabigsnakenearthehouse.willgoawaylater.’t’tbe（二）完形填空MrYounghasabigshopinthecenterofthecity.Hetellsallhisemployees(雇員)tobe(1)________tothebuyersandhegetsalotof(2)_______.

Onedayanoldwomanwenttotheshopto(3)_________asilkblouse.Whenshecameoutoftheshopwiththeblouse,she(4)______herwalletinit.Agirlpickeditupand(5)________therewerenearlyfivehundreddollarsinit.Shelookedaroundand(6)________sawit.Sheputitintoher(7)________quickly.Soontheoldwomancamebacktolookforit,ofcourseshe(8)______.ThateveningMrYoungwastoldaboutit.Hewasvery(9)_______andsentthegirlaway.Thenhedecidedtoemployanhonestmantotakeher(10)_______.Severalyoungmencame,but(11)_______ofthemcouldsatisfyhim.

Thismorningayoungmancametohis(12)_______.Heasked,"Doyousmoke,sir?"

"No,sir,"answeredtheyoungman.

"Doyou(13)_______?"

"No,sir."

MyYoungaskedhimtheotherquestions,andtheyoungman's(14)_______satisfiedhim.Beforeheemployedhim,heaskedhimthelastquestion,"Youhave(15)_______shortcoming,doyou?"

"No,Idon't,sir."saidtheyoungman."Ionlyliketellinglies."

()1.A.strictB.friendlyC.strangeD.terrible

()2.A.businessB.surpriseC.moneyD.hope

()3.A.buyB.borrowC.lookforD.lend

()4.A.threwB.putC.placedD.left

()5.A.foundB.knewC.understoodD.wanted

()6.A.somebodyB.anybodyC.nobodyD.everybody

()7.A.handB.pocketC.bottleD.glass

()8.A.wonB.lostC.forgotD.failed

()9.A.sadB.angryC.happyD.worried

().placeB.seatC.tableD.chair

().bothB.allC.neitherD.none

().houseB.carC.officeD.pigsty

().dressB.drinkC.eatD.sleep

().answersB.clothesC.knowledgeD.face

().muchB.someC.anyD.no四、課后反思五、拓展題：短文填空Mr.Brownandhiswifehadasmallbarneararailwaystation.Thebardidn'tcloseu___1___midnightbecausepeoplecametodrinkwhiletheywerew___2___fortrains.Sothebusinesswasgood.Attwoo'clockonemorning,amanwass___3___sittingatthetableinthebar.Hewasa___4___.Mr.Brown'syoungwifewantedtogotob___5___.Shelookedi___6____thebarseveraltimes,butthemankeptsleeping.Thenatlastshewenttoherhusbandandsaidtohim,"Youhavetriedtowakeupthatmanseveraltimes,andheisn'tdrinkinga__7____.Whyhaven'tyousenthimaway?It'stool____8___."“Oh,