高考英語閱讀理解試題解析

高考英語閱讀理解試題及答案解析高考英語閱讀理解試題及答案解析高考英語閱讀理解試題及答案解析Passage1Up，Up，andAway！AnadventurerwhobecamethefirstpersontoflyacrosstheEnglishChannelonaclusterofballoonshaslaunchedahouseintotheskyjustlikeinthehitmovieUp-inreparationforamoreambitiousjourneyandanewrecord．FearlessTrappe，fromNorthCarolina，steppedintothecartoonthemedhomebeforeflyingabovetheLeonInternationalBalloonFestivalinMexicomorethanaweekago．The38-year-oldTrappewasusingtheeventasawarm-upforhisplannedtrans-Atlanticflightscheduledfornextsummer．Heaimstocompletethe2，500-milejourneyinaseven-footlifeboatcarriedby365hugeheliumballoons．Thebravemanislearningtosailalifeboat，incaseheneedstoditchintotheoceanduringthedanger-filledadventure．Hesillflyatbetween18，000feetand25，000feet，beatinghispreviousworldaltituderecordof21，600feet，andmustflyuninterruptedadistancetentimeslongerthanhispreviousworldrecordof230milesinordertosucceed．TheadventurerTrappe，whoholdsrecordsforcrossingtheAlps，flyingthemostclusterballoons，andthelongestdistance，hasspenthisentirecareer，buildinguptothisambitiousplan．“Ididn’twakeuponedayand：think‘I’goingtoflyacrosstheAtlantic，’”hesaid．“Everyattemptbeforthiswaspreparedforthisfight，I’vebeentrainingforalongtime．”1．TheadventurerflewacrosstheEnglishChannelto．A．testtheballoonsB．launchahouseC．shootahitmovieD．prepareforbreakingarecord2．Tofinishthejourney，hewillflyadistanceof__________．A．2500milesB．18，000feetC．25，000feetD．230miles3．Abouttheambitiousjourney，whichisNOTmentionedinthepassage?A．WhenhewillflyB．HowhighhesillflyC．HowfarhewillflyD．Howlongitwilltakehim4．HowmanyworldrecordsdoesJonathanhold?A．TwoB．ThreeC．FourD．Five5．Whatdoeshelastparagraphimply?A．Trappecan’tsleepworryingabouttheadventureB．TrappewasborntosetworldrecordsC．TrappealwayskeepshisambitioninmindD．TrappeneverthoughtofcrossingtheAtlanticbeforePassage2Everydaywegotoschoolandlistentotheteacher，andtheteacherwillaskussomequestions．Sometimes，theclassmateswillaskyouropinionsoftheworkoftheclass．Whenyouaretellingothersintheclasswhatyouhavefoundoutaboutthesetopics，rememberthattheymustbeabletohearwhatyouaresaying．Youarenottakingpartinafamilyconversationorhavingachatwithfriends---youareinaslightlyunnaturalsituationwherealargegroupofpeoplewillremainsilent，waitingtohearwhatyouhavetosay．Youmustspeaksothattheycanhearyou---loudlyenoughandclearlyenoughbutwithouttryingtoshoutorappearingtoforceyourself．Remember，too，thatitisthesameifyouarecalledtoaninterviewwhetheritiswithaprofessorofyourschooloragovernmentofficialwhomightmeetyou．Thepersonyouareseeingwilltrytoputyouatyoureasebutthesituationissomewhatdifferentfromthatofaordinaryconversation．Youmusttakespecialcarethatyoucanbeheard．1．Whenyouspeaktotheclass，youshouldspeak______．A．a(chǎn)sslowlyaspossibleB．inalowvoiceC．loudlyD．forcefully2．Usually，whenyouspeaktotheclass，theclassis_______．A．noisyB．quietC．havingarestD．serious3Thesituationintheclassis______thatinyourhouse．A．notverydifferentfromB．sometimesthesameasC．sometimesnotthesameasD．notthesameas4．Ifyouarehavingaconversationwithanofficial，themostimportantthingforyouis______．A．toshowyourabilityC．tomakesurethatyoucanbeheard5．Themainideaofthispassageis．

B．tobeverygentleD．toputtheofficialateaseA．thatweshouldtalkindifferentwaysindifferentsituationsB．thatwemustspeakloudlyC．thatwemustkeepsilentatanytimeD．thatwemusttalkwiththeclassPassage3About21，000youngpeoplein17Americanstatesdonotattendclassesinschoolbuildings．Instead，theyreceivetheirelementaryandhighschooleducationbyworkingathomeoncomputers．TheCenterforEducationReformsaystheUnitedStateshas67public“cyberschools．”andthatisaboutwicetasmanyastwoyearsago．Themoneyforstudentstoattendacyberschoolcomesfromthegovernmentsofthestateswheretheylive．Someeducatorssaycyberschoolsreceivemoneythatshouldsupporttraditionalpublicschools．Theyalsosayitisdifficulttoknowifstudentsarelearningwell．Othereducatorspraisethisnewformofeducationforlettingstudentsworkattheirownspeed．Thesepeoplesaycyberschoolshelpstudentswhowereunhappyorunsuccessfulintraditionalschools．Theysaylearningathomebycomputerendslongbusridesforchildrenwholivefarfromschool．Whateverthejudgementofcyberschools，theyaregettingmoreandmorepopular．Forexample，anewcyberschoolcalledCommonwealthConnectionstakeinstudentsthisfall．ItwillservechildreninthestateofAcademywillPennsylvaniafromagesfivethroughthirteen．Childrengetfreeequipmentfortheironlineeducation．Thisincludesacomputer，aprinter，booksandtechnicalservices．Parentsandstudentstalkwithteachersbytelephoneorbysendingemailsthroughtheircomputerswhennecessary．Studentsatcyberschoolsusuallydonotknowoneanother．But56suchstudentswhofinishedstudiesatWesternPennsylvaniaCyberCharterSchoolrecentlymetforthefirsttime．Theywereguestsofhonorattheirgraduation．1．Whatdoweknowfromthetextaboutstudentsofacyberschool？A．Theyhavetotakelongbusridestoschool．B．Theystudyathomeratherthaninclassrooms．C．Theyreceivemoneyfromtraditionalpublicschools．D．Theydowellintraditionalschoolprograms．2．Whatisaproblemwithcyberschools？A．Theirequipmentcostsalotofmoney．B．Theygetlittlesupportfromthestategovernment．C．Itishardtoknowstudents'progressinlearning．D．Thestudentsfindithardtomakefriends．3．Cyberschoolsaregettingpopularbecame．A．theyarelessexpensiveforstudentsB．theirstudentscanworkattheirownspeedC．theirgraduatesaremoresuccessfulinsocietyD．theyservestudentsinawideragerange4．Wecaninferthattheauthorofthetextis．A．unprejudicedinhisdescriptionofcyberschoolsB．excitedaboutthefutureofcyberschoolsC．doubtfulaboutthequalityofcyberschooisD．disappointedatthedevelopmentofcyberschoolsPassage4SouthAfricahostedthefifthBRICSSummitinMarch2013，whichcompletedthefirstcycleofBRICSsummits，BRICSisanacronymforthepowerfulgroupingoftheworld'sleadingup-and-comingeconomies，namelyBrazil，Russia，India，ChinaandSouthAfrica．TheBRICSaimstoachievepeace，security，developmentandcooperation．Italsoseekstocontributetothedevelopmentofhumanityandbuildamorestableandfairerworld．TheindustryleadersfromthebusinesscommunitiesofthefivecountriesagreedthattheBRICScountrieswillactivelysupportindustrializationontheAfricancontinentinordertocontributesignificantlytoitsdevelopmentandtoexpandtradelinksbetweenAfricaandBRICS．Theglobaleconomicsituation，thoughimproving，continuestoremainuncertainwiththeEuro-crisisamajorconcern．ThetaskaheadistobuildonthesedevelopmentsandBRICScountriesremaincommittedtothecauseofpromotingsustainablegrowth．GreatereconomiccooperationamongBRICScountriescanbesignificantlyimportant，whichwillprovebeneficialforglobaleconomicgrowth．AccordingtoDr．RobDavies，SouthAfricanMinisterofTradeandIndustry，theAfricancontinentisrecognizedasthesecondfastestgrowingcontinentafterAsia．TherearefourdriversoftheeconomicgrowthinAfricancontinent．ThesearetheboominmineralproductsintheAfricancontinent，thedevelopmentoftheserviceindustries，thebenefitofnothavingthefinancialcrisis，andinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)備）development．DaviesalsoaddsthatotherBRICScountrieshaveadvantageoflargepopulationsprovidingbighomemarketsfortheirproducts．TheSouthAfricanpopulationissmallcomparedtootherBRICScountries，butifyouaddupnumbersoncontinentthenyouhaveacriticalmassthatcansupportthenewindustrialwaveinAfrica：ThatiswhytheSouthAfricanneedstocreatelargetradingblocksacrosslargepartsofAfricancontinent．1．“BRICS”refersto．A．themostactiveeconomygroupintoday’sworldB．themostpowerfuleconomiesinwesternworldC．leadingcountrieswithfastdevelopmentofhumanityD．themoststableandsecurecountriesintheworld2．FromthetextweknowthatindustrializationinAfricawill______．A．givefinancialsupportstoallAfricancountriesBcreatetradeopportunitiesforbothAfricaandBRICSCmakesignificantdevelopmentinthepowerfulgroupsD．expandsustainableeconomiccooperationindifferentcontinents3．TheauthorbelievesgreatercooperationamongBRICSwill，A．promoteglobaleconomicgrowthB．bringmorechallengesC．narrowthegapofdevelopmentD．solveEurope’seconomiccrisis4．WhichofthefollowingisthedriveroftheeconomicgrowthinAfrica？______．A．ThedevelopmentofbusinessindustryB．ProtectiveexplorationinmineralproductsC．TherecoveryoftheinfrastructureD．ThebenefitsofhavingnofinancialcrisisPassage5Whatmakesapersonascientist？Doeshehavewaysortoolsoflearningthataredifferentfromthoseofothers？Theansweris“no．”Itisn'tthetoolsascientistusesbuthowheusesthesetoolswhichmakeshimascientist．Youwillprobablyagreethatknowinghowtouseapowerisimportanttoacarpenter．Youwillprobablyagree，too，thatknowinghowtoinvestigate，howtodiscoverinformation，isimportanttoeveryone．Thescientist，however，goesonestepfurther；hemustbesurethathehasareasonableanswertohisquestionsandthathisanswerhegetstomanyquestionsisintoalargesetofideasabouthowtheworldworks．Thescientist'sknowledgemustbeexact．There'snoroomforhalfrightorrightjusthalfthetime．Hemustbeasnearlyrightastheconditionspermit．Whatworksunderonesetofconditionsatonetimemustworkunderthesameconditionsatothertimes．Iftheconditionsaredifferent，anychangesthescientistobservesinademonstrationmustbeexplainedbythechangesintheconditions．Thisisonereasonwhyinvestigationsareimportantinscience．AlbertEinstein，whodevelopedtheTheoryofRelativity，arrivedatthistheorythroughmathematics．Theaccuracyofhismathematicswaslatertestedthroughinvestigation．Einstein'sideaswereprovedtobecorrect．Ascientistusesmanytoolsformeasurements．Thenthemeasurementsareusedtomakemathematicalcalculationsthatmaytesthisinvestigations．1．Whatmakesascientistaccordingtothepassage？A．Thetoolsheuses．B．Hiswaysoflearning．C．Thewayheuseshistools．D．Thevarioustoolsheuses．2．“?knowinghowtoinvestigate，howtodiscoverinformation，isimportanttoeveryone．”Thewritersaysthistoshow．A．theimportanceofinformationB．thedifferencebetweenscientistsandordinarypeopleC．theimportanceofthinkingD．thedifferencebetweencarpentersandordinarypeople3．Asoundscientifictheoryshouldbeonethat．A．worksunderonesetofconditionsatonetimeandalsoworksunderthesameconditionsatothertimesB．leavesnoroomforimprovementC．doesn'tallowanychangeevenunderdifferentconditionsD．canbeusedformanypurposes4．Whatisthemainideaofthepassage？A．Scientistsaredifferentfromordinarypeople．B．TheTheoryofRelativity．C．Exactnessisthecoreofscience．D．Exactnessandwayofusingtoolsarethekeystomakingofascientist．Alotofusloselife

Passage6ugh’battlestobystartingafrontalattack—whenatouchofhumormightwellenableustowin．Considerthecaseofayoungfriendofmine，whohitatrafficjamonhiswaytoworkshortlyafterreceivinganultimatumaboutbeinglateonthejob．AlthoughtherewasagoodreasonforSam’sabeinglateserious—illnessathome—hedecidedthatthisby-now-familiarexcusewouldn’worktanylonger．Hissupervisorwasprobablyalreadypacingupanddownpreparingadismissalspeech．Yes，thebosswas．Samenteredtheofficeat9：35．Theplacewasasquietasalockerroom；everyonewashardatwork．Sam’ssupervisorcameuptohim．Suddenly，Samforcedagrinandstretchedouthishand．“Howdoyoudo！”hesaid．“I’SamMaynard．I’mapplyingforajob，which，Iunderstand，becameavailablejust35minutesago．Doestheearlybirdgettheworm？”Theroomexplodedinlaughter．Thesupervisorclampedoffasmileandwalkedbacktohisoffice．SamMaynardhadsavedhisjob—withtheonlytoolthatcouldwin，alaugh．Humorisamosteffective，yetfrequentlyneglected，meansofhandlingthedifficultsituationsinourlives．Itcanbeusedforpatchingupdifferences，apologizing，saying“no，”criticizing，gettingtheotherfellowtodowhatyouwantwithouthislosingface．Forsomejobs，it’stheyonltoolthatcansucceed．Itisawaytodiscusssubjectssosensitivethatseriousdialogmaystartaquarrel．Forexample，manybelievethatcomediansontelevisionaredoingmoretodayforracialandreligioustolerancethanpeopleinanyotherforum．1．WhywasSamlateforhisjob？A．Becausehewasill．B．Becausehegotuplate．C．Becausehewascaughtinatrafficjam．D．Hewasbusyapplyingforanewjob．2．Themainideaofthispassageis．A．SamMaynardsavedhisjobwithhumorB．humorisimportantinourlivesC．earlybirdgetsthewormD．humorcansolveracialdiscriminations3．Thephraseclamped“off”inParagraph3means．A．triedtoholdbackB．triedtosetC．charged

D．gaveout4．Whichofthefollowingstatementscanweinferfromthepassage？A．Manyloselife’sbattlesfortheyarelackinginasenseof．humorB．Itwasn’tthefirsttimethatSamcamelateforhiswork．C．Samwassupposedtocometohisofficeat：830．D．Humoristhemosteffectivewayofsolvingproblems．Passage7BEIJING，March9—Thecentralgovernmentwillrequireanadditionalthreeyearsofuseforofficialvehiclesforministersandgovernorstoreducethecostsofpurchasingnewcars，mediahavereported．ThenewrulehasbeenappliedamongallPartyandgovernmentdepartmentsnationwide，theBeijingNewsreportedonTuesday．Thenewrulehasnotyetbeenmadepublic，saidLi，amemberoftheChinesePeople’sPoliticalConsultativeConferenceNationalCommittee．Undertheoldrules，thecarsusedbyminister-levelofficialscouldbereplacedasoftenaseveryfiveyears，Lisaid．Theseofficialswillalsokeepthesamecarswhentheyassumenewposts，headded．Thenewrulealsoreiteratedthatofficialsrankingbelowminister-or-governor-levelsshouldnotbeallocatedcars．Thecarspossessedbytheirdepartmentsshouldbeusedondemand．“Itviolatestherulesforlower-ranking—evencounty-level-officialstobeallocatedcars，”Lisaid．Purchasesofvehiclesforofficialusehavebeenheavilyinvestigated，astheyaccountforalargeexpenditureofpublicfundseveryyear．AsurveyontheWebnews．comfound64percentofrespondentsbelievedthenewrulewillbedifficulttocarryoutbecauseitisrelatedtoofficials．’inter“Localgovernmentdepartmentshadhaltedapprovalsforrequestsforsuchvehiclesandhadstartedtoworkonnewquotasunderthenewrules，”Lisaid．“Thefuturereformofofficialvehicleusewillintroducemarketmechanismsandmonetization．”PremierWenJiabaosaidintheannualgovernmentworkreportonSaturdaythatexpendituresonsuchvehicleswillnotincreasein2011comparedwithayear．a(chǎn)goBeijing’sstandingdeputymayorJiLinlastweeksaidthemunicipalgovernmentwillreleasethenumberofvehiclesforofficialuseinthecapitalasearlyasattheendofthismonth．Earlierthismonth，theMinisterofFinancehadpublishedaruleregulatingthebudgetsforsuchvehicles．1．Whatisthepurposeofthenewruleallocatingvehiclesamongofficials？A．Topromotealow-carbonlifestyle．B．Tocutdownthepresenthugeexpendituresofpurchasingcars．C．Tomakegooduseofbudgetsforofficialcars．D．Tosolvetheproblemofseveretrafficjam．2．Howoftencouldthecarsusedbyminister-levelofficialsbereplacedaccordingtothenewrule？A．Every3years．B．Every5years．C．Every8years．D．Every10years．3．Whatabouttheofficialsrankingbelowminister-or-governorlevelsintermsofofficialvehicles？A．Theycanstillpossessspecialcars．B．Theycanusetheirownprivatecars．C．Theycanusecarswheneverofficiallynecessary．D．Theycanbeallocatedsecond-handcars．4．Whatisthepublic’sattitudetowardthenewrule？’sfulfillmentA．Uncertain．B．Optimistic．C．Indifferent．D．Passive5．Fromthepassage，wecaninferthat．A．thegovernmentisdeterminedtocarryoutthenewruleB．thenewrulehasnotyetbeenmadepublicC．thenewrulewillbenefitofficial’sinterestD．thenewruleisappliedtominister-levelofficialsPassage8GrandmaMosesisamongthemostfamoustwentieth-centurypaintersoftheUnitedStates，yetshedidnotstartpaintinguntilshewasinherlateseventies．Assheoncesaidtoherself："Iwouldneversitbackinarockingchair，waitingforsomeonetohelpme．"Noonecouldhavehadamoreproductiveoldage．ShewasbornAnnaMaryRobertsononafarminNewYorkState，oneoffiveboysandfivegirls．Attwelveshelefthomeandwasindomesticserviceuntil，attwenty-seven，shemarriedThomasMoses，thehiredhandofoneofheremployers．Theyfarmedmostoftheirlives，firstinVirginiaandtheninNewYorkState，atEagleBridge．Shehadtenchildren，ofwhomfivesurvived；herhusbanddiedin1927．GrandmaMosespaintedalittleasachildandmadeembroiderypicturesasahobby，butonlychangedtooilsinoldagebecauseherhandshadbecometoostifftosewandshewantedtokeepbusyandpassthetime．Herpictureswerefirstsoldatthelocaldrugstoreandatamarketandweresoonnoticedbyabusinessmanwhoboughteverythingshepainted．ThreeofthepicturesexhibitedintheMuseumofModernArt，andin1940shehadherfirstexhibitioninNewYork．Betweenthe1930'sandherdeath，sheproducedsome，2000pictures：detailedandlivelyportrayalsofthecountrylifeshehadknownforsolong，withawonderfulsenseofcolorandform．"IthinkreallyhardtillIthinkofsomethingreallypretty，andthenIpaintit"shesaid．1．Accordingtothepassage，GrandmaMosesbegantopaintbecauseshewantedto________．A．makeherselfbeautifulC．earnmoremoney

B．keepactiveD．becomefamous2．GrandmaMosesspentmostofherlife

．A．nursingB．paintingC．embroideringD．farming3．Theunderlinedword“portrayals”means．________A．descriptionsB．expressionsC．explanationsD．impressions4．FromGrandmaMoses'descriptionofherselfinthefirstparagraph，itcanbeinferredthatshewas．A．independentB．prettyC．richD．nervous5．Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage？A．GrandmaMoses：HerLifeandPictures．B．TheChildrenofGrandmaMoses．C．GrandmaMoses：HerBestExhibition．D．GrandmaMosesandOtherOlderArtists．Passage9Scientistssaytheynowhaveprooftosupporttheold-fashionedadvicethatit’sbesttosleeponaproblem．Theysaysleepstrengthensthememoryandhelpsthebrainorganizethemassesofinformationwereceiveeachday．TheleadresearcherBobStickgoldatHarvardMedicalSchoolsaid，“Sleephelpsusdrawrulesfromourexperiences．It’slikeknowingthedifferencebetweendogsandcatsevenifit’shardto．explain”TheUSresearchteamstudiedhowwellstudentsrememberedconnectionsbetweenwordsandsymbols，reportsNewScientist．Theycomparedhowthestudentsperformediftheyhadhadasleepbetweenseeingthewordsandhavingthetest，andiftheyhadnotslept．Theyfoundthatpeoplewerebetterabletorememberlistsofrelatedwordsafteranight’sleepthanafterthesametimespentawakeduringtheday．Theyalsofounditeasiertorememberthemesthatthewordshadincommon．Buttheyforgotaroundoneinfourmorethemesiftheyhadbeenawake．Prof．JohnGroeger，UniversityofSurrey’sSleepResearch，saidCentre，“Peoplehavebeentryingforyearstofindoutwhatthepurposeofsleepis，asweknowthatonlycertainpartsofithavearestorativevalue．”“Weformandstorehugenumbersofexperiencesintheheadeveryday，andsleepseemstobethewaythebraindealswiththemall．”1．Thephrase“tosleeponaproblem”inParagraph1mostlikelymeans．A．topayfullattentiontoaproblem

“______B．towaituntilthenextdayforadecisionC．tosleeptoforgetaproblemD．tohavedifficultyinsleeping2．InthestudybytheUSresearchteam，studentswereaskedto．A．puttogetherwordsofsimilarmeaningsB．rememberwordsandtheirmeaningsC．showtheirknowledgeofwordsD．makeuplistsofrelatedwords3．Whichofthefollowingmaybeeasiertoremember？A．Themeslearnedrightbeforethetest．B．Rulesfrompersonalexperiences．C．Wordslearnedbeforeagoodsleep．D．Ideasstoredtogetherinthebrain．4．Whatmaybetheimportanceoftheresearch？A．Itshowsthatsleepmayhelpusmanageinformation．B．Ithelpsfindoutthecommonthemesofwords．C．Ittellsusthatmoresleepcanimprovehealth．D．Itprovesthevalueofold-fashionedadvice．Passage10It’：s500inthemorningwhenthealarmringsinmyears．Irolloutofbedandwalkblindlythroughthedarkintothebathroom．Iturnonthelightandputonmyglasses．ThehouseisstillasIwalkdownstairswhilemyhusbandandthreekidssleeppeacefully．UsuallyIgoforalongrun，buttodayIchoosemyfavoriteexerciseDVDinsanity．Sweatpoursdownmyfaceandintomyeyes．MyheartracesasIfacemybodytofinisheachmovement．AsIneartheendoftheexercise，Ifeelextremelytired，butasmileisofmyface．It’sasmilebecausetheDVDisover，butasmileofsuccessfrompushingmybodytoitsextremelimit．Somepeopleenjoyshopping，smoking，food，work，orevenchocolate．ButIneedexercisetogetthrougheachday．Someshakeheadswhentheyseemerunthroughthetown．OthersgethurtwhenIrefusetotryjustonebiteoftheirgrandmother’schocolatecake．Theyraisetheireyebrows，surprisedbymy“nothankyou，”orbymychoicetohaveasalad．Overtheyears，Ihavelearnedit’sokaytojustsay“．no”Ishouldn’tfeelsorryforrefusingfoodthatIdon．’twanttoeatSowhatdrivesmetorolloutofbedat5：00a．m．？Whatgivesmethereasontojustsaytoicecream？Commitment．Acommitmenttochangemylifewithawaythatreducesdailyanxiety，increasesself–confidenceandenergy，extendslifeandaboveallimprovesmybodyshape．ThisisthepointwhereasmileappearsonmyfaceasIlookatmyselfinthemirrorortryonmyfavoritepairofjeansthatnowfitjustright．It’throughscommitmentandsweatthatIcanmakeadifferencewithinmyselfinsideandout．1．Whyisthereasmileontheauthor’sfacein？themorning2．WhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtoParagraph2？3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“commitment”inthelastparagraph？meanA．GoodhealthB．FirmbeliefC．AstrongpowerD．Aregularhalf4．Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromthetext？A．SheactsinastrangewayB．ShewantstolookdifferentfromothersC．SheaimstodevelopagoodbodyshapeD．ShehasdifficultgettingalongwithothersPassage11“Drinkyourmilk．It’sgoodforyou！”You’veprobablyheardthatmanytimes，andit’s．trueMilkcontainscalcium，whichisnecessaryforkeepingbonesandteethhealthyandstrong．TheUSgovernmentevenrequiresmilkaspartoftheNationalSchoolLunchProgram，sayingthatstudentsshoulddrinkonecupoffat-freeorlow-fatmilkeverymeal．However，agroupofdoctorsaskedthegovernmenttotakeitawayfromthelunchprogram．TheUS‘PhysicianCommitteeforResponsibleMedicine(PCRM)says，“Milkishighinsugar，fatandanimalprotein，”allofwhichhavenegativeeffectsonhealth．ThePCRMsaystherearebetterandhealthierwaystogetcalciumsuchaseatingbeans，broccoli，cerealsandtofu．Orangejuiceandsoymilkthathavecalciumaddedtothemalsosupplythenutrient．“Oneoftheonlyreasonspeopleprefermilkisbecauseitisgoingtohelpbuildstrongbones，”saysDrNealBarnard，presidentofthePCRM．Butmilkmaynotbethebestwaytogetcalciumyourbodyneeds．Ofcourse，calciumisimportantforhealthybonesandteeth，butthereareotherthingsthataffectyourbonestrength，suchasgenes，howmuchvitaminDyoutakein，andgettinganhour’sworthofexerciseevery．daySomepeopledisagreewiththeideathatmilkisn’important．KeriGans，anAmericanDietitian，says“Idon’thinkit’irresponsibletotakethisbeveragethatchildrenenjoyitverymuch，especiallyamongthosewhoareunabletomeettheirnutrientneedsfortheday，andremoveitfromthelunchline．”TheU．SgovernmentisnowconsideringtherequestofthePCRM，butadecisionmaybealongwayoff．Meanwhile，MarionNestle，aprofessorputsitbest：“Milkcertainlyhasnutrients．Otherfoodhasthesamenutrients．It’sjustfood．Aswithotherfood，toomuchmightbeaproblem．”1．TheU．S．governmentrequiresmilkaspartoftheNationalSchoolLunchProgram．A．a(chǎn)saresultoftherequestofthePCRMB．becausemilkisthebestwaytogetcalciumC．a(chǎn)sdrinkingmilkisgoodforbonesandteethD．becausemilkisknowntobefat-freeorlow-fat2．ThePCRMproposedthatmilkberemovedfromthelunchprogrambecause．A．AmericanchildrenaretakingintoomuchcalciumandsufferingitB．drinkingmilkisnotthebestwaytogetthecalciumyourbodyneedsC．drinkingmilkhasmorenegativeeffectsthanpositiveonesonhealthD．newresearchesprovethatmilkisnothighincalciumasbeansortofu3．Theunderlinedword“beverage”inthe4thparagraphprobablymeans”．A．foodB．gameC．planD．drink4．Accordingtotheauthor，．A．milkshouldberemovedfromthelunchprogram

“B．itisirresponsibletotakemilkoutofthelunchlineC．itisuptothechildrentodecidewhattodowiththemilkD．itwilltakealongtimeforthegovernmenttomakesafinaldecisionPassage12Britain’oldestmanmadehisfirstvisittoLondonyesterdayattheageof101．Mr．JohnEvanshadneverfoundthetimeormoneytomakethetripfromhishomeinForestFach，nearSwansea．But，whenBritishRailofferedhimanall-expenses-paidbirthdaytriptothecapitalhejustcouldnotrefuse．HearrivedatPaddingtonStationandsmartlyturnedoutinhisbestsuit，favoritePanamahatandaredroseinhisbuttonhole．“It’sveryexciting．There’snodoubtaboutit，”hesaid．Untilyesterdayhehadneverbeenfarfromhome，exceptforonetriptoAberdeen．“ButI’vebeenontheseastothatfarawaylandcalledIlfracombe21milesfromhome，”hejoked．MrEvans，whospent60yearsworkingasaminerinSouthWales，almostmadethejourneytoLondononcebefore，attheturnofthecentury．“TherewasatriptotheWhiteCitybutitwastenshillingsreturnfromSwansea—toomuchIthought．Allmymoneywenttothefamilythen，”hesaid．DuringthenexttwodaysMrEvanswillbetakenonashorttourofLondontoseethesights．TopofhislistisavisittotheHouseofParliamentorganizedbyhisMP，MrGarethWardell．Theonlyarrangementhedoesnotcareforisthewheelchairprovidedforhimifhegetstired．“Idon’liketthechair—peoplewillthinkIamgettingold．”hesaid．Hissecretforalongandhealthylifehasbeenwellpublicized—nowine，notobaccoandnoanger．BeforesettingofffromSwanseawithhis76-year-oldson，Amwell，hesaidjokingly，“I’mgladtoseethey’vegivenmeareturn．”ticket1．TheveryreasonthatMrEvansdidn’tgotoseetheworldisthatA．hehadalreadybeenontheseastoIlfracombeB．hewastoobusytogotoofarawayfromhomeC．hecouldn’taffordboththetimeandthemoneyD．hebelieved“Eastor，westhomeisbest”2．MrEvansdidn’iketlthewheelchairsimplybecause．A．hewasnotusedtotravelinginit

．B．thewheelchairwasofpoorqualityandnoteasytooperateC．heactuallypreferredwalkingtosittinginitathomeD．hethoughthewasstillyoungenoughtomanagethetrip3．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage？A．MrEvanshadtoworkhardtoraisehisfamilywhenyoung．B．ThetriptoLondonexcitedMrEvansverymuch．C．MrEvanscouldnotreallyenjoythetripbecauseofhisage．D．HumorwasoneofMrEvans’characters．4．TheprobableexplanationtoMrEvansA．hisgoodlivinghabitsC．hisstickingtohishometown

’longlifeliesin．B．hishardworkingforthefamilyD．hislivingconditionsneartheSwanseaPassage13Gettingridofdirt，intheopinionofmostpeople，isagoodthing．However，thereisnothingfixedaboutattitudestodirt．Intheearly16thcentury，peoplethoughtthatdirtontheskinwasameanstoblockoutdisease，asmedicalopinionhaditthatwashingoffdirtwithhotwatercouldopenuptheskinandletillsin．Aparticulardangerwasthoughttolieinpublicbaths．By1538，theFrenchkinghadclosedthebathhousesinhiskingdom．SodidthekingofEnglandin1546．ThusbeganalongtimewhentherichandthepoorinEuropelivedwithdirtinafriendlyway．HenryIV，KingofFrance，wasfamouslydirty．Uponlearningthatanoblemanhadtakenabath，thekingorderedthat，toavoidtheattackofdisease，thenoblemanshouldnotgoout．Thoughthebeliefinthemeritofdirtwaslong-lived，dirthasnolongerbeenregardedasaniceneighboreversincethe18thcentury．Scientificallyspeaking，cleaningawaydirtisgoodtohealth．Cleanwatersupplyandhandwashingarepracticalmeansofpreventingdisease．Yet，itseemsthatstandardsofcleanlinesshavemovedbeyondsciencesinceWorldWarⅡ．Advertisementsrepeatedlyselltheidea；clothesneedtobewhiterthanwhite，clothseversofter，surfacestoshine．Hasthehatefordirt，however，gonetoofar？Attitudestodirtstilldifferhugelynowadays．Manyfirst-timeparentsnervouslytrytowarntheirchildrenofftouchingdirt，whichmightberesponsibleforthespreadofdisease．Onthecontrary，MaryRuebush，anAmericanimmunologist，encourageschildrentoplayinthedirttobuildupastrongimmunesystem．Andthelatterpositionisgainingsomeground．1．ThekingsofFranceandEnglandinthe16thcenturyclosedbathhousesbecause．A．theylivedhealthilyinadirtyenvironment．B．theythoughtbathhousesweretoodirtytostayinC．theybelieveddiseasecouldbespreadinpublicbathsD．theyconsideredbathingasthecauseofskindisease2．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesHenryⅣ’sattitudetobathing？A．Afraid．B．Curious．C．Approving．D．Uninterested．3．Howdoesthepassagemainlydevelop？A．Byprovidingexamples．B．Bymakingcomparisons．C．Byfollowingtheorderoftime．D．Byfollowingtheorderofimportance．4．Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage？A．Tostresstheroleofdirt．B．Tointroducethehistoryofdirt．C．Tocallattentiontothedangerofdirt．D．Topresentthechangeofviewsondirt．Passage14Youwakeupinthemorning，thedayisbeautifulandtheplansforthedayarewhatyouhavebeenlookingforwardtoforalongtime．Thenthetelephonerings，yousayhello，andthedramastarts．Thepersonontheotherendhasadepressingtoneinhisvoiceashestartstotellyouhowterriblehismorningisandthatthereisnothingtolookforwardto．Youarestillinawonderfulmood？Impossible！Communicatingwithnegativepeoplecanwashoutyourhappiness．Itmaynotchangewhatyouthink，butcommunicatinglongenoughwiththemwillmakeyoufeeldepressedforamomentoralongtime．Lifebringsupsanddowns，butsomepeoplearestuckinthewrongideathatlifehasnohappinesstooffer．Theyonlyfeelgladwhentheymakeothersfeelbad．Nowondertheycanhardlywinothers’pity．orrespectWhenyoucommunicatewithpositivepeople，yourspiritstayshappyandthereforemorepositivethingsareattracted．Whenthedagger(匕首)ofanegativepersonisputinyou，youfeeltheheavyfeelingthatallinall，brin