【課件】Unit 4 Natural Disaster 單元課件 -高中英語牛津譯林版（2020）必修第一冊

Unit4NaturalDisastersVocabularyExpansion1.naturaldisasters自然災害P48-2earthquake地震tornado龍卷風wildfire野火/山火drought旱災landslide/landfall滑坡tsunami海嘯flood洪水volcaniceruption火山噴發(fā)dryadj.干的；干旱的—droughtn.旱災slide-slid-slid-slidingslidev.滑動；滑行n.滑梯2.floodn.洪水；大量vi.淹沒；大量涌入vt.使灌滿水；淹沒floodinto/in涌入3.rescuen.&vt.營救；救援a(chǎn)rescueteam/worker救援隊/救援人員rescue…from…把……從……營救出來cometoone’srescue=rescuesb.救援某人4.damagevt.損害；破壞n.損壞；損失（作為損壞不可數(shù)，作為損害賠償金可數(shù)）damagedadj.被破壞的do/causedamageto…對……造成損害damageone’shealth損害某人健康5.destroyvt.摧毀；毀滅destructionn.破壞；毀滅destroy指徹底破壞，無法修復damage指部分毀壞，可以修復destroy-destroyed-destroyed-destroyingdestructiveadj.毀滅性的6.deathn.死；死亡die-died-died-dyingv.死；死亡deathrate死亡率besentencedtodeath被判死刑birthrate出生率deadadj.死的7.affectvt.影響；（疾?。┣忠u；深深打動affectionn.喜愛；感情；影響；感染be(greatly/deeply)affectedby被……深深打動；深受影響affect=haveaneffect/influenceon對……產(chǎn)生影響haveanaffectionfor…喜愛……8.sheltern.避難處；居所；庇護vt.保護；掩蔽vi.躲避（風雨或危險）undertheshelterofsth.在某物的庇護下takeshelterfrom…躲避……9.ruinn.&vt.破壞；毀壞(lie/be)inruins嚴重受損；破敗不堪（作“廢墟”用復數(shù)）ruinone’shope/health毀掉某人的希望/健康gotoruin/fallintoruin衰落；敗落10.shockn.震驚；令人震驚的事；休克vt.(使）震驚inshock震驚；吃驚shockingadj.使人震驚的shockedadj.震驚的beshockedat/bysth.對某事感到震驚beshockedthat……對……感到震驚beshockedtosee/hear/learn…看到/聽到/知道……很震驚11.electricityn.電；電能electricadj.電的;電動的electricaladj.電氣的electronicadj.電子的12.trapvt.使落入險境；使陷入圈套n.險境；陷阱be/gettrappedin被困在……/陷于……trap—trapped—odoingsth.誘騙某人做某事。13.buryvt.埋葬；安葬；掩埋；隱藏buryoneselfin（doing）sth.=beburiedin（doing）sth.埋頭/專心做某事buryone’sface/headin…把臉/頭埋在……_________(bury)herselfinherstudy,shedidn’tknowitwassnowingoutside._________(bury)inherstudy,shedidn’tknowitwassnowingoutside.BuryingBuriedburialn.葬禮14.breathevi.&vt.呼吸breathn.呼吸breathein/out吸氣/呼氣holdone’sbreath屏住呼吸loseone’sbreath喘不上氣=beoutofbreathtakeadeepbreath深呼吸breathlessadj.氣喘吁吁的breathtakingadj.令人驚嘆的=takeone’sbreathaway15.revivev.復活；（使）蘇醒revivaln.振興；復蘇16.effortn.努力；艱難的嘗試；盡力makeefforts/aneffort/everyefforttodosth.努力做某事。sparenoefforttodosth.不遺余力做某事。with/withouteffort費力地/毫不費力地17.wisdomn.智慧；才智wiseadj.明智的18.suffervt.遭受；蒙受vi.（因疾病、痛苦、悲傷等）受苦sufferingn.痛苦；苦難sufferfrom遭受；患病sufferern.受難者；患病者sufferpain/defeat/hardship/damage/losses遭受痛苦/失敗/艱難/破壞/損失sufferfromillness患病19.eruptvi.&vt.（火山）爆發(fā)；（巖漿、煙等）噴出eruptionn.爆發(fā)；突發(fā)volcaniceruption火山噴發(fā)20.supply—supplied—suppliedn.供應（量）；補給；（復數(shù)）補給品vt.供應；供給

food/water/gas/electricitysupply食物/水/煤氣/電供給inshortsupply供應不足suppliern.供應商providesth.forsb.=providesb.withsth.supplysth.tosb.=supplysb.withsth.offersb.sth.=offersth.tosb.給某人提供某物21.survivevi.生存；存活vt.幸存；艱難度過survivorn.幸存者survivaln.幸存surviveon=liveon靠……生存survivethewar/disaster在戰(zhàn)爭/災難中幸存22.powern.電力供應；能量；力量；控制力powerfuladj.強有力的powerlessadj.無權力cometopower上臺執(zhí)政（表動作）beinpower執(zhí)政（表狀態(tài)）within/beyondone’spowertodosth.某人有能力/無能力做某事。Asisknowntoall,knowledgeispower.眾所周知，知識就是力量。havethepowertodosth.具有做某事的能力23.emergencyn.突發(fā)時間；緊急情況emergentadj.新興的；緊急的inanemergency在緊急情況下incaseofemergency如遇緊急情況24.calmadj.鎮(zhèn)靜的；沉著的vt.使平靜；使鎮(zhèn)靜calmlyadv.平靜地；鎮(zhèn)靜地；冷靜地stay/keep/remaincalm保持鎮(zhèn)靜calm(sb.)down（使某人）平靜下來calmnessn.平靜；鎮(zhèn)定25.aidn.援助；幫助；救援物資vi.&vt.幫助；援助firstaidkit急救箱firstaid急救withtheaid/helpof在……的幫助下aid/assistsb.in（doing)sth.幫助某人做某事aid/helpsb.withsth.在某方面幫助某人aidsb.todosth.幫助某人做某事26.onhand現(xiàn)有（尤指幫助）;在手邊handin上交handout分發(fā)handinhand手拉手ontheonehand…ontheotherhand一方面……另一方面……27.crashvt.&vi.碰撞；撞擊n.撞車；碰撞crashinto/ontosth.撞到某物上acar/planecrash車禍/飛機失事28.sweepv.打掃；清掃sweep—swept—swept—sweepingsweepaway消滅；徹底消除sweepern.清潔工；清掃機29.waven.海浪；波浪vi.&vt.揮手；招手waveat/tosb.向某人招手30.strike1.打擊v.Strikewhiletheironishot.2.敲鐘v.Theclockstruckten.3.擦火柴v.strikeamatch4.罷工n.be/goonstrike（for)5.襲擊v.&n.Thelionisreadytostrike.6.忽然想起v.Itstrikessb.that…=Ithitssb.that…=Itoccurstosb.that…某人忽然想起……strikesb.with…用……打某人bestruckby被……所打動/被……侵襲strike—struck—struck/striken31.delivervt.&vi.遞送；傳達vt.發(fā)表deliveryn.遞送；分娩deliveraspeech/lecture做演講deliverababy接生deliversth.to把某物送到……被動:bedeliveredto被送到……32.summaryn.總結；概括；概要summarizevt.概括；總結insummary/inaword/allinall總而言之makeasummaryof做總結=summarizesummarizeone’spoint總結某人的觀點33.effectn.影響；結果；效果effectiveadj.有效的；高效的反：ineffective低效的effectivelyadv.有效地bring/oeffect實行comeintoeffect=takeeffect生效；開始實施haveaneffect/influenceon對……有影響causeandeffect因果sideeffect副作用34.lengthn.長；長度lengthenv.（使）變長longadj.長的adj.n.v.長：long—length—lengthen高：high—height—heighten寬：wide—width—widen深：deep—depth—deepen強：strong-strength-strengthen背誦五分鐘五分鐘后提問連線。sweepawaycausedamagetoinruinsbedeeplyaffectedbyfirstaidcalmdownrescue…from…h(huán)aveaneffectondeliveraspeechsupplysth.tosb.A.給某人提供某物B.把……從……中營救出來C.嚴重受損；破敗不堪D.對……有影響E.消滅；徹底消除F.發(fā)表演講G.對……造成損害H.平靜下來I.深受感動；受到重大影響J.急救填空。Manystudents________________(涌入了）theclassroom.Whydidn’tyou____________________________(來救我）？Parents____________________(有影響）theirchildren.Ifelt_______________(好像）myhearthadstopped.Thecityis_______________(成為廢墟）.floodedinto/inrescueme/cometomyrescuehaveaneffectonasif/thoughinruins填空。6.Iam_________________________(震驚）.7.Lily_______________________________(不遺余力地學習英語）.8.___________________________(我忽然想起）Ididn’tdomyhomework.9.Theteacher_______________________(給我提供了一個好機會）toimprovemyEnglish.10.Mymomaidedme____________________(clean)myroom.inshock/shockedsparesnoefforttostudyEnglishItstruck/strikesmethatsuppliesagoodchancetome/suppliesmewithagoodchancetoclean/(in)cleaningReadingandThinking根據(jù)課文選擇。1.What’sthemainideaofthetext?AterribleearthquakeofTangshan.BeforetheearthquakeofTangshan.DuringtheearthquakeofTangshan.DamageoftheearthquakeofTangshan.根據(jù)課文選擇。2.Whendidtheearthquakehappen?AtnightonJuly28th,1976.OnthemorningofJuly28th,1976.OntheafternoonofJuly28th,1976.Thewriterdidn’ttellus.根據(jù)課文選擇。3.Whatdoesthesentence“Slowly,thecitybegantobreatheagain.”mean?A.ThelifeinTangshanbegantoreturntonormal.B.Thearmysent150,000soldierstoTangshantohelppeople.C.Hundredsofthousandsofpeoplewerehelped.D.Windsbegantoblowintothecity.KeyWordsandPhrases1.happentosb.發(fā)生在某人身上2.strangeadj.奇怪的；陌生的3.inthecountryside在農(nóng)村4.riseandfall升升降降；起起伏伏5.atleast至少反：atmost至多6.smellyadj.發(fā)臭的smelln.氣味v.聞7.too…to…太……而不能……KeyWordsandPhrases8.refusetodosth.拒絕做某事9.mousen.老鼠復數(shù)：mice/mouses10.lookfor尋找11.asleepadj.睡著的12.asusual像往常一樣KeyWordsandPhrases1.Itseemsasif看起來好像2.cometoanend結束3.directlyadv.直接地；正好；一……就……4.deadlyadj.致命的deadadj.死的5.onethird三分之一分子基數(shù)詞；分母序數(shù)詞；分子大于一；分母加s6.cutacross橫穿KeyWordsandPhrases7.waterwayn.水路；水道8.hardadj.努力的；堅硬的；辛苦的adv.努力地9.lessthan少于反：morethan10.lieinruins成為廢墟；嚴重受損lie(撒謊）--lied—lied--lyinglie(躺；位于）--lay—lain-lyinglay(下蛋;放置）--laid—laid--layingKeyWordsandPhrases13.thenumberof………的數(shù)量+單數(shù)謂動anumberof+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)許多+復數(shù)謂動14.badlyadv.嚴重地；非常；惡劣地15.morethan多于；不僅僅；非常11.thousandsof成千上萬的12.leave-left-left-leavingv.離開；留下KeyWordsandPhrases1.everywhereadv.到處；每個地方2.nothingbut只有，僅僅3.nearlyadv.幾乎；差不多nearprep.附近4.blowsth.away刮走；吹走5.uselessadj.無用的反：useful6.tensofthousandsof數(shù)萬7.hundredsofthousandsof數(shù)十萬KeyWordsandPlionsof數(shù)百萬9.insteadof代替；而不是10.lateradv.后來；隨后adj.較晚的lateadj.遲的；晚的belateforlattern.后者theformer…thelatter…latestadj.最新的；最近的11.falldown落下；跌倒；倒塌；失敗12.lastadj.最后的；上一次的v.持續(xù)KeyWordsandPhrases1.soonadv.很快；不久；馬上2.digout挖掘；發(fā)現(xiàn)dig-dug-dug-digging3.betrapped(in)被困在……4.thedead死者the+adj.表一類人5.medicalcare醫(yī)療護理6.by+交通工具KeyWordsandPhrases1.starttodosth.=begintodosth.開始做某事2.getbackuponone’sfeet重新站起來3.tirelessefforts不懈的努力tirelessadj.不知疲倦的；孜孜不倦的4.greatimprovements巨大改善5.therestof其余的；剩下的KeyWordsandPimesof在……的時候7.abrighterfuture一個更美好的未來不規(guī)則動詞risefallrunseehearbeginshakecutrosefellransawheardbeganshookcutrisenfallenrunseenheardbegunshakencut不規(guī)則動詞becomeleavedestroygoblowdigbuildbringbecameleftdestroyedwentblewdugbuiltbroughtbecomeleftdestroyedgoneblowndugbuiltbrought根據(jù)課文填空1.Some_________(smell)gascameoutofthem.2.Chickensandevenpigsweretoonervous__________(eat).3.Itseemedas_______theworldwerecomingtoanend!4.Soonthewholecitylay______ruins.5.Manypeoplediedorwere________(injure).smellytoeatifininjured根據(jù)課文填空5.Peoplewere__________(shock)atthisandwonderedhowlongthedisasterwouldlast.6.Thearmysentsoldierstodigoutthose_______weretrappedandtoburythedead.7.Workersbuildsheltersfor_________(survive).8.Slowlythecitybeganto________(breath)again.shockedwhosurvivorsbreatheGrammar1：主謂一致1.Twothirdsofthepeoplewholivedthereweredeadorinjured.2.About75percentofthecity’sfactoriesandbuildings,90percentofitshomes,andallofitshospitalsweregone.“分數(shù)/百分數(shù)+of+名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞單復數(shù)取決于of后的名詞。1.50%ofthegirls_______(want)togoswimminginourclass.2.Onethirdofthewater________(be)red.3.Only8percentofthearea______(be)forested.4.About30percentofthestudentsinourschool_______(be)girls.wantisisareGrammar1：主謂一致Grammar2：固定句型Water,food,andelectricitywerehardtoget.固定句型：主語+be+adj.+todo.1.todo和主語之間構成動賓關系；2.adj.通常為表示主語性質(zhì)、特征的詞：difficult,easy,hard,comfortable,good,interesting,exciting.3.若動詞為不及物動詞，要加介詞。1.Englishiseasy___________(learn).2.Thesofais______________(comfort)tositon.3.Thisbookisveryinteresting________________(read).4.Tomisnoteasy____________________（getalong).tolearnGrammar2：固定句型comfortabletoreadtogetalongwithReadingforWriting根據(jù)課文回答問題。1.Whendidthetsunamihappen?2.Whatcausedthetsunami?3.Whywoulditbedifficulttodeliverfoodandsupplies?Ithappenedon26December,2004.Averypowerfulearthquakeof9.0-magnitudewhichhappenedundertheseaoffthewestcoastofSumatraIslandinIndonesia.Dangerousconditionsanddamagedroadswillmakeitdifficulttodeliverfoodandsupplies.KeyWordsandPhrases1.newsreport新聞報道2.releasev.釋放；發(fā)布3.hit-hit-hit-hittingv.打擊；襲擊4.themostpowerful最強烈的the+adj.最高級5.crashintocoastlines撞擊/席卷海岸線6.atleast/most至少/至多7.sweepaway消滅；徹底消除KeyWordsandPhrases8.(be)causedby由……造成9.reachamagnitudeof震級達到……10.theunderseaquake海底地震11.offthewestcoast在西海岸附近KeyWordsandPhrases1.some+數(shù)字大約……2.thequakecentre震中3.thenumberof………的數(shù)量+單數(shù)謂動anumberof+名詞復數(shù)許多+復數(shù)謂動4.standat+數(shù)字

達到…….5.beaffectedby受……影響/受……感動6.asmany/muchas多達KeyWordsandPhrases7.hurtv.使受傷；使疼痛adj.（身體）受傷的；（感情）痛苦的8.havebreakfast吃早餐9.runtosafety跑到安全地帶KeyWordsandPhrases1.beexpectedtodosth.被期待做某事/應該做某事2.tsunami-hitcountries受海嘯影響的國家3.“6123”結構4.manymore/evenhigher：alot；abit；alittle；many；much；evenfar；still；any；rather修飾形容詞/副詞比較級不規(guī)則動詞sweepstrikestandsayfindrunsweptstruckstoodsaidfoundransweptstruck/strickenstoodsaidfoundranGrammar1:非謂語動詞1.Fishermen,tourists,hotels,homes,andcarsweresweptawaybyhugewavescausedbythestrongearthquake.2.Miceranoutofthefieldslookingforplacestohide.1.過去分詞作定語（名后為定）2.現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語主動進行用doing被動完成用donetodo表目的，未完成Grammar1:非謂語動詞1.Whoisthegirl__________(invite)toyourpartylastnight?2.___________(sing)asong,theteacherwalkedin.3.If_______(give)moretime,wewilldoitbetter.4.Tomcansingand__________(dance).5.Thechildren________(paly)inthegardenlookveryhappy.invitedSinginggivendanceplayingGrammar2:原級比較1.Indianofficialssaidasmanyas1,900hadbeenkilledalongthesoutherncoast.as…as…原級比較結構：1.as+adj./adv.+as…和……一樣TomisashandsomeasJerry.2.否定形式：notas/so+adj./adv.+as…表示前者不如后者Tomisnotas/sohandsomeasJerry.Grammar2:原級比較3.加名詞：as+adj.+(a/an+)n.+asWehaveproducedasmanycarsaswedidlastyear.LilyisasbeautifulagirlasLulu.1.Thisbookisnotso____________(interest）asthatone.2.Tomis_______thinasLulu.3.Theteacherisaskindawoman______mymother.4.Iamnot____________busyasIerestingGrammar2:原級比較asasas/soGrammar3:when句型1.Iwashavingbreakfastwithmythreechildrenwhenwaterstartedfillingmyhome.1.sb.bedoingsth.when…某人正在做某事……這時……2.sb.beabouttodosth.when…某人正要做某事……這時……Grammar3:when句型4.sb.had(just)donesth.when…某人剛做完某事……這時……3.sb.beonthepointofdoingsth.when…某人正準備做某事……這時……1.Hewasabout__________(leave)whenhismomarrived.2.Iwasonthepointof_______(go)outwhenthetelephonerang.3.Wehadjustfinisheddoingourhomework________theteachercamein.4.Wehadjust___________(arrive)homewhentherainpoureddown.toleaveGrammar3:when句型goingwhenarrived寫作：練習冊ReadingforWriting書面表達事件發(fā)生六要素：時間地點范圍原因災情救援DiscoveringUsefulStructures1.abeautifulgirl2.astonetable3.mymother4.Ihavefiveapples.5.Itisaswimmingpool.6.Therearemanybookstoberead.7.Thegirlintheroomisverybeautiful.8.Ilikethegirlwhoissingingnow.9.ThegirlsittingbehindmeisLucy.10.Thetreesplantedbymyfathergrowwellnow.形容詞作定語名詞作定語代詞作定語數(shù)詞作定語動名詞作定語不定式作后置定語（目的，未完成）介詞短語作后置定語定語從句作定語現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語（主動，進行）過去分詞作后置定語（被動，完成）定語從句Sheisabeautifulgirl.定語：修飾名詞或代詞的成分叫定語。Sheisagirlwhoisverybeautiful.定語從句：在主從句中，修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。HarryPorterisaboy

who

hasmagicpower.先行詞關系詞定語從句關系代詞關系副詞that,which,who,whom,whosewhen,where,why定語從句三要素定語從句劃分：1.正常劃分Ilikethegirlwhoisasinger.2.劃分到第二個謂語動詞之前Thewomanwhoisateacherismymother’sfriend.TheteacherwhowillteachusEnglishcomesfromChina.找出下列句子的三要素1.Therearemanypeoplethatcometovisitthiscityeveryyear.2.Thisisthesuitcasethatsheislookingfor.3.Chinaisacountrywhichhasalonghistory.4.Thefactorywhichwevisitedlastweekisverybig.5.Jimwasthemanwhowerescuedfromtheruins.6.Imissedthefriendwhohelpedme.HarryPorterisaboy

who

hasmagicpower.關系詞三個作用：1.連接主句和從句2.在從句做成分3.指代先行詞定語從句三要素找出關系詞指人/物；在從句中所作成分1.Therearemanypeoplethatcometovisitthiscityeveryyear.2.Thisisthesuitcasethatsheislookingfor.3.Chinaisacountrywhichhasalonghistory.4.Thefactorywhichwevisitedlastweekisverybig.5.Jimwasthemanwhowerescuedfromtheruins.6.Imissedthefriendwhohelpedme.that:人/主語that:物/賓語which:物/主語which:物/賓語who:人/賓語who:人/主語定語從句做題步驟1.判斷用關系代詞還是關系副詞，如缺少主語/賓語/表語/定語，用關系代詞；如缺少狀語，用關系副詞。2.如用關系代詞，則遵循以下三點：找出先行詞看先行詞指人還是指物看關系詞在從句中所作成分關系代詞先行詞指人/物關系詞在從句中所作成分that人/物主/賓/表which物/整個句子主/賓/表who人主/賓/表whom人賓/表whose(……的）人/物定先看先行詞，辨清人和物；再看從句里，有無主賓語；若無主賓語，就用關系代；若有主賓語，就用關系副。3.如用關系副詞，則遵循下表：關系副詞先行詞關系詞在從句中所作成分When=介詞(in/on/at/during)+which時間名詞時間狀語Where=介詞(in/at/on)+which地點名詞地點狀語Why=forwhichReason原因狀語where的先行詞：position/point/case/stage（階段）/situationThechildrenareatthestagewheretheylikeplayingcomputergames介詞+whom指人；介詞+which指物；介詞+whose:……的介詞的選擇：“一先二動三意義”一先：根據(jù)先行詞搭配來確定；IneverforgetthedayonwhichIcametothisschool.二動：根據(jù)從句謂語動詞的搭配來確定；Themantowhomyouspokeisateacher.三意義：根據(jù)從句表達意義來確定。Thatismypen,without

whichIcan’twrite.注意：1.“名詞/代詞/數(shù)詞+of+關系代詞”通常指代整體的一部分；…ofwhich指物；…ofwhom指人；…ofwhose指…的。Thisisourschool,thebuildingofwhichisverytall.Thereare50girls,someofwhomcomefromShanghai.ThatisLily,fiveofwhosebooksareverypopular.怎么選擇關系詞？Tomisaboy_______likesswimming.Idon’tknowthereason_______youarelate.who/thatwhy1.Therearemanypeople______cometovisitthiscityeveryyear.2.Thisisthesuitcase_________sheislookingfor.3.Chinaisacountry_________hasalonghistory.4.Thefactory_________wevisitedlastweekisverybig.5.Jimwastheman__________werescuedfromtheruins.6.Imissedthefriend_________helpedme.who/thatwhich/that//which/thatwhich/that//who/that/whomwho/that練習只用that不用which的情況：1.當先行詞為all,everything,nothing,anything,little,much等不定代詞或由every,all,any,few,much等修飾時；Iknoweverythingthatisgoodforyou.2.當先行詞被序數(shù)詞修飾時；thefirst/second/thirdTomisthesecondstudentthatcameintotheroom.3.當先行詞被形容詞最高級修飾時；SheisthemostbeautifulgirlthatIhaveeverseen.4.當先行詞被thevery,theonly，thelast，theright等詞修飾時；Sheistheonlygirlthatwontheprize.5.當先行詞前有who,which等疑問詞時，為避免重復，只能用that；Whichistheroomthathestayedinthelastweek.6.當先行詞既指人又指物時。Theboyandthedogthatareinthepictureareverylovely.只用that不用which的情況：1.當先行詞為all,everything,nothing,anything,little,much等不定代詞或由every,all,any,few,mu