【公開(kāi)課課件】名詞性從句

ReviewNounClauses

GrammarFunctionasaNOUNinasentence.Question:Whatisthecomponentofanouninasentence?名詞在句中可以充當(dāng)什么成分?NounClauses

主語(yǔ)從句SubjectClause

名詞性從句

NounClause

賓語(yǔ)從句ObjectClause

表語(yǔ)從句PredicativeClause

同位語(yǔ)從句AppositiveClause引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞

可分為四類(lèi)：連接詞that,whether,if不充當(dāng)從句的任何成分。2.

連接代詞：what,who(m),whose,which

不僅起到連接從句的作用,同時(shí)還充當(dāng)從句的成分。3.

連接副詞：when,where,how,why

4.

“疑問(wèn)詞+-ever”引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句“是否”Task1區(qū)別辨析whether與if下列情況下只用whether：

1.與“ornot”搭配

Whetheryoulikeitornotisnoneofmybusiness.

4.引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句并在句首Whetherhewillcomeisnotclear.5.引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句

Thequestioniswhetherhe’llcome.

Ihavenoideawhetherheisthere.2.在介詞后

I’mnotsureaboutwhetherwe’llwin.3.與不定式todo連用

Hecan’tdecidewhethertoacceptorrefuse.6.whether常與or連用表示一種選擇，if不能這樣用Thequestionofwhethertheyaremaleorfemaleisnotimportant.whether>=ifthat和what的區(qū)別而what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí),有詞義,意為是“…的東西/事情/話等”。在從句中用來(lái)作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)。在引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)，從屬連詞that一般要注意三個(gè)不(threenos)：1.不省略（noellipsis）2.不作成分（nocomponent）that在名詞性從句中不作任何句子成分。3.沒(méi)詞義（nomeaning）that在名詞性從句中沒(méi)有漢語(yǔ)意思。what,which和whose的區(qū)別三者都可以放在被修飾的名詞前，作定語(yǔ)，what意為“什么+n...”；which意為“哪一個(gè)+n…”,而whose

意為(所屬關(guān)系）…人/物的+n?！耙蓡?wèn)詞+-ever”既可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句也可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句；而“nomatter+疑問(wèn)詞”只能用來(lái)引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。疑問(wèn)詞+-ever與nomatter+疑問(wèn)詞的區(qū)別Thebookcanbeofgreathelptowhoeverwantstodothejob.Whateveryousay,Iwillnotbelieveyou.=

nomatterwho?=

Nomatterwhat?名詞性從句讓步狀語(yǔ)從句名詞性從句需要注意的問(wèn)題Discussion(inpairs)Task2

1.Whenthemeetingwillbegin

notbeendecidedyet.

2.Whentheywillstartandwheretheygo

notbeendecidedyet.

3.Whenandwherethemeetingwillbegin

notbeendecidedyet.

主語(yǔ)從句SubjectClause1.主謂一致問(wèn)題(Subject-verbagreement)主語(yǔ)從句需要注意的問(wèn)題hashavehas主語(yǔ)從句作主語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于單數(shù)第三人稱(chēng)作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；如果由and連接兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的主語(yǔ)從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；由兩個(gè)或多個(gè)連接詞引導(dǎo)同一個(gè)主語(yǔ)從句，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。如：Itisafact(ashame,apity,goodnews,commonknowledge…)that…Itisnecessary(important,obvious,likely…)that…Itisbelieved(knowntoall,said,reported,…)that…Itseemed(happened,appears,occurredtome,doesn’tmatter,hasturnedout)that…

2.it形式主語(yǔ)&句型(sentencepatterns)名詞短語(yǔ)It+be+形容詞+主語(yǔ)從句過(guò)去分詞It+不及物動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)從句Mysuggestionisthatweall___________(take)anactivepartinthecomingsportsmeet.2.Hisproposalwasthatthework________________(finish)infivehours.

表語(yǔ)從句PredicativeClause表語(yǔ)從句需要注意的問(wèn)題(should)take(should)befinished1.如果引出表語(yǔ)從句的名詞是一些表示“建議”或者是“命令”之類(lèi)的詞如advice,suggestion,command,request,require,proposal,order,desire,demand,insist,等,那么從句中的動(dòng)詞通常用(should)+動(dòng)詞原形。2.表語(yǔ)從句還可以由asif/though引導(dǎo)Therearemanyblackcloudsinthesky.Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.3.句型It/This/Thatisbecause/why…Sb/sthisnolongerwhatitwas/usedtobe.1.賓語(yǔ)從句通常放在1.作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)

Shedidn’tknowwhathadhappened.

賓語(yǔ)從句ObjectClause賓語(yǔ)從句需要注意的問(wèn)題Oursuccessdependsonhowwellwecancooperatewithoneanother.3.作形容詞的賓語(yǔ)Iamafraid(that)I’vemadeamistake.that引導(dǎo)的從句常跟在下列形容詞后作賓語(yǔ)：anxious,certain,convinced,determined,glad,proud,surprised,worried,sorry,ashamed,disappointed,annoyed,pleased,satisfied,content

等。2.作介詞的賓語(yǔ)

謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（及物動(dòng)詞）形容詞或介詞之后。it作為形式賓語(yǔ)，而真正的賓語(yǔ)從句則放在句尾，特別是在帶復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的句子中。

I’dappreciateitifyoucouldhelpme.

Shehasmadeitclearthatshewillgetmarriednextmonth.

2.it作為形式賓語(yǔ)下列動(dòng)詞后常引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句make,think,consider,feel,find,see,regard,take等。3.that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)可以省略，除下列兩種情況

(1).在主+謂+it(形式賓語(yǔ))+賓補(bǔ)+that從句(真正賓語(yǔ))的句型中不省略HemadeitquiteclearthathepreferredtostudyEnglish.（that不可以省略）

(2).由連詞and連接的兩個(gè)由that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中,則第二個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句前的that不省略。Hetoldme(that)

hewouldcomeandthathewouldcomeontime.（第一個(gè)that可以省略，但第二個(gè)that不可以省略。)同位語(yǔ)從句一般跟在fact,news,word,idea,hope,wish,promise,truth,reason,suggestion,thought,question,doubt,conclusion,belief,order,possibility等這些抽象名詞的后面,說(shuō)明前面名詞的具體內(nèi)容。

同位語(yǔ)從句AppositiveClause同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句的主要區(qū)別Task3從句作用上的區(qū)別：同位語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句分別在句中起什么作用？定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞，它和先行詞是修飾關(guān)系；同位語(yǔ)從句說(shuō)明先行詞的具體內(nèi)容,是補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明的關(guān)系。

(1)The

news

that

he

told

me

just

now

is

true．定語(yǔ)從句(2)The

news

that

I

have

passed

the

exam

is

true.

同位語(yǔ)從句modifyexplain

同位語(yǔ)從句主要由that引導(dǎo)，在句中不做成分；句子也可以由when,where,how,why,whether等詞引導(dǎo)，充當(dāng)成分。而引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的that是關(guān)系代詞，除起連接作用外，還在從句中充當(dāng)成分。

The

idea

that

computers

can

recognize

human

voices

surprises

many

people.The

idea

that

he

gave

surprises

many

people.（that在從句中不充當(dāng)任何成份。）（that在從句中作gave的賓語(yǔ)。）2.引導(dǎo)詞成分上的區(qū)別：引導(dǎo)詞that做何成分？

同位語(yǔ)從句和先行詞一般可以用be動(dòng)詞發(fā)展成一個(gè)完整的句子，而定語(yǔ)從句則不可以。(1)Theideathatwecouldasktheteacherforadviceiswonderful.

(2)Thefactthattheearthmovesaroundtheearthisknowntoall.

Theideawasthatwecouldasktheteacherforadvice.Thefactisthattheearthmovesaroundtheearth.3.檢驗(yàn)技巧*不會(huì)出現(xiàn)在定語(yǔ)從句中的關(guān)系詞：——as,且when,where,why等不能與介詞+which互換。——what,whether,if,how4.引導(dǎo)詞的不同*不會(huì)出現(xiàn)在名詞性從句中的關(guān)系詞：5、名詞性從句與定語(yǔ)從句的一些對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系：1.Hehasdonewhathecantohelpme.--Hehasdone________hecantohelpme.

allthat

2.Whoeverbreaksthelawistobepunished.--_____

breaksthelawistobepunished.3.Theywilldowhateverhewantsthemtodo.--Theywilldo___________hewantsthemtodo.Anyonewhoanythingthat4.Itisknowntoeverybodythatthemoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.-isknowntoeverybodyisthatthemoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.-isknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.WhatAs名詞性從句典型錯(cuò)誤例析Task4找出下列句子中的錯(cuò)誤，并總結(jié)出規(guī)律：

1.

Canyoutellmehowmanystudentsarethereinyourclass?

2.Idon'tknowwherehashegone.

3.

Theowneroftheshopcametoseewhatthematterwas.

Canyoutellmehowmanystudents

thereare

inyourclass?Idon'tknowwhere

hehas

gone.Theowneroftheshopcametosee

whatwasthematter.規(guī)律一：名詞性從句中須使用陳述語(yǔ)序！找出下列句子中的錯(cuò)誤，并總結(jié)出規(guī)律：4.Wesuggestedthatwewouldgotothecinema.

5.Myideaisthatwemustdoourhomeworkfirst.6.Hisproposalthatwewentthereonfootisacceptable.

Wesuggestedthatwe

(should)goto

thecinema.Myideaisthatwe

(should)do

ourhomeworkfirst.Hisproposalthatwe

(should)go

thereonfootisacceptable.規(guī)律二：注意虛擬語(yǔ)氣的使用！找出下列句子中的錯(cuò)誤，并總結(jié)出規(guī)律：7.Ifwewillhaveameetinghasn'tbeendecidedyet.8.Itdependsoniftheweatherissuitableforustodoit.9.Thequestionisifhehimselfwillbepresentatthemeeting.10.HeaskedmeifIcouldgowithhimornot.

Whether

wewillhaveameetinghasn’tbeendecidedyet.Itdependson

whether

theweatheris....Thequestionis

whether

hehimselfwillbepresent....Heaskedme

whether

Icouldgowithhimornot.

規(guī)律三：5種情況只能用whether：1.位于句子開(kāi)頭；2.在介詞后；3.與不定式連用4.引導(dǎo)主、表、同位語(yǔ)從句；5.與ornot或or連用找出下列句子中的錯(cuò)誤，并總結(jié)出規(guī)律：Ithinkthatworthwhilethatwespentsomuchmoneyonthesebooks.2.Thatishardtodecidewhenandwherewewillheldoursportsmeeting.4.Thatdoesn’tmatterwhetheryouwillcomeornot.itItIt規(guī)律四：主語(yǔ)從句和賓語(yǔ)從句可以借助“it”而后置。ExercisePracticemakesperfectTask5解題技巧口訣：缺什么，補(bǔ)什么；什么都不缺，填that；缺“是否”，考慮whether或if1.Trytobethefirsttogetthechancetoanswerthequestions.2.Ifananswerisgivencorrectly,thegroupwillget10points;ifananswerisgivenwrongly,thegroupwillget0point.Rules:Groupcompetition解析：我想別人喜歡我是因?yàn)槲业膬?nèi)在，也就是我inside的品質(zhì)。只有what可以指代是…的東西。有同學(xué)會(huì)誤選A，錯(cuò)誤地用中文語(yǔ)言習(xí)慣去做英文題。1.Iwanttobelikedandlovedfor

Iaminside.A.whoB.whereC.whatD.how2.PartofthereasonCharlesDickenslovedhisownnovel,DavidCopperfield,was

itwasrathercloselymodeledonhisownlife.A.whatB.thatC.whyD.whether解析：從句不缺成分，因此用that來(lái)引導(dǎo)。句意：狄更斯喜歡他自己的小說(shuō)《大衛(wèi)科波菲爾》的部分原因是小說(shuō)創(chuàng)作非常貼近他本人的真實(shí)生活。3.___leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelight.A.AnyoneB.ThepersonC.WhoeverD.Who4.Asanewdiplomat,heoftenthinksof

hecanreactmoreappropriatelyonsuchoccasions.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.how翻譯：作為一名新任外交官，他常常想著怎樣才能對(duì)這樣的場(chǎng)合做出更加適當(dāng)?shù)姆磻?yīng)。解析：“誰(shuí)最后離開(kāi)房間應(yīng)關(guān)燈?！眞hoever意為“無(wú)論誰(shuí)”,引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句,并在從句中作主語(yǔ)。若選A或B,anyone或theperson后應(yīng)加who,使其成為由who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。5.-Therescueteamareconsidering

theycandomoreforthepeoplesufferingfromthesnowstorm.Sotheyare.A.whatB.whateverC.ifD.how解析:從句中do已有賓語(yǔ)more,所以不能用what或whatever;if在此不符合語(yǔ)境;how表方式。解析:由thelasttime可知是表示時(shí)間，故用when引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句6.Thelasttimewehadgreatfunwas_____wewerevisitingtheWaterPark.A.whereB.howC.whenD.why8.Myadviceisthathe____regularhouse.A.keepB.wouldkeepC.keepsD.kept7.-Shallwehaveapicnictomorrow?-Itdependsontheweather

wewillgo.A.if B.whether C.thatD.when10.Whatweusedtothink

impossiblenowdoesseempossible.A.is B.was C.are D.were解析由句意“我們以前認(rèn)為不可能的事現(xiàn)在看起來(lái)的確是可能的”和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞usedtothink可知空格處的謂語(yǔ)部分應(yīng)該表達(dá)過(guò)去意義，且應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。9.Havingcheckedthedoorswereclosed,and

allthelightswereoff，theboyopenedthedoortohisbedroom.A.why B.thatC.when D.where解析：“確保門(mén)關(guān)上了,且所有的燈都關(guān)上了之后,那個(gè)男孩打開(kāi)門(mén)進(jìn)了他的臥室”。checked后跟了兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，第一個(gè)從句的引導(dǎo)詞that省略了。12.Elephantshavetheirownwaytotelltheshapeofanobjectand

itisroughorsmooth.A./ B.whether C.howD.what11.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthatschool.Itisnolonger

itwas20yearsago,

itwassopoorlyequipped.what;when B.that;whichC.what;which D.which;that解析:第一個(gè)從句是表語(yǔ)從句并在從句中作表語(yǔ)，所以用what；后面是一個(gè)when引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，其先行詞是20yearsago。13.Doyouhaveanyidea

isactuallygoingonintheclassroom?

A.that B.what C.as D.which14.Marywroteanarticleon

theteamhadfailedtowinthegame.A.why B.what C.who D.that解析

:why在此引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，并且在從句中作原因狀語(yǔ)。句意為：瑪麗寫(xiě)了一篇關(guān)于該隊(duì)為什么沒(méi)有贏得比賽的文章。解析:所填詞引導(dǎo)的從句是對(duì)前面名詞idea內(nèi)容的解釋?zhuān)詰?yīng)是同位語(yǔ)從句。同位語(yǔ)從句中缺主語(yǔ)，根據(jù)題意，答案應(yīng)為what。16.Afterafive-hourdrive,theyreached____theythoughtwastherightplace____theyhadbeendreamingof.A.where;which B.that;thatC.which;where D.what;that15.Isit,inyouropinion,possible____newmeasureswillbetakentoimprovetheterribletraffic?A.WhetherB.what C.when D.that17.

acertaindoubtamongthepeopleastothepracticalvalueoftheproject.IthasB.TheyhaveC.ItremainsD.Thereremains18.Wethinkthatit’slove,generosityandperseverance

maketheworld

itistoday.A．what;that B．that;whatC．which;what D．which;that19.-Doyoudoubt

shehaspassedtheexamination?-Iamnotdoubtfulatall

shehaspassedalltheexaminations.that;whetherB.that;thatC.whether;thatD.whether;whether解析：doubt用在否定句和疑問(wèn)句中,后面常接that引導(dǎo)的從句,用在肯定句中用whether/if引導(dǎo)從句。20.(1)

Itisuncertain

sideeffectthemedicinewillbringabout,althoughabouttwothousandpatientshavetakenit.(2)Returnthebookto

nameisonit.(3)Therearethreebooksonthedesk.Idon’tknow

onehewillchoose.A.whoseB.whichC.whatD.thatCAB名詞性從句在寫(xiě)作中的應(yīng)用1.在短文填詞中的應(yīng)用2.在書(shū)面表達(dá)中的應(yīng)用Task6Nowadaysalotofschoolskeeptheirstudentsinschoolalldaylong.Studentshavedifferentopinionsaboutit.…Personally,thereisnodthatweshouldkeepstudentsatschool.ButIthink

ofnecessitythatschoolsshouldorganizevariousactivitiessothatstudentscanenjoytheirschoollife.oubtit1.Thecollegeentranceexamisonthewayandalltheteachersworkveryhard,encouragingustobuildupourconfidenceandinspiringustoimproveourstudies.…Athome,ourparentstakegoodcareofussothatwecanalwaysbefullofenergy.I’mverygratefulfor

myparentsandteachershavedone.what2.LastweekIwenttovisitmyformerneighbor,Mr.Yang.HeandIusedtolivenexttoeachotherformanyyears.Abouthalfayearago,anordercame

theoldbuildings,alongwithmanyothersimilarones,wasgoingtobepulleddowntomakeroomforamainstreet.Sowehadtomoveapart.that3.Thegenerationgaphasbecomeaseriousproblem.Ireadareportaboutitinthenewspaper.Somechildrenkilledthemselvesafterquarrelswithparents.Ithinkthisis

theydon’toftenhaveatalkwitheachother.Parentsareoftenbusywiththeirwork,sotheyhavelittletimetostaywiththeirchildren.because4.Recently,Ihavefoundsomeclassmatesstudydeepintothenightanddon’tspare(騰出)anytimetotakearestduringthedayeither(也).…Inmyopinion,it’simportantforusto