選修8第三單元Warming-up-and-reading

Unit3InventorsandinventionsWhenwespeakofinventions,wecan’thelpthinkofthefourgreatinventionsinancientChina.Canyounamethem?Warminguppaper-makingprintingcompassgunpowderHowmanyfamousinventorsdoyouknow?Whatdidtheyinvent?

ZhangHeng(78—139)Seismograph

ThomasEdisonAmerica(1847——1931)AlexanderGrahamBellEngland(1847--1922)

KarlFriedrichBenzGermany(1884--1929)WilburandOrvilleWrightinventedtheairplane,whichtheypatentedasa“flyingmachine”.Chooseyourluckynumberandplayagame.AirplaneThisinvention

ismadeofmetal.Thisinventionlookslikeabird.Itmakesitpossibleforpeopletoflytodifferentplacesintheworld.Itispoweredbyanengineandisflownbyapilot.Thisinventioncanhelppeopledosomedailywork.Itishelpfulforhousewives.Themachinecanmovesomethingthatyouputintoit.Itneedssoapandwatertowashsomethinginit.WashingmachineItallowsyoutogetalikenessofanobject.

Whenyoupressthebutton,itworks.Whenaflashhappens,itwillcopyasceneontoafilm.Whenthefilmisdeveloped,thesceneyoucopiedappearsonapaper-likething.CameraTheinventionlookslikeachair.

Ithasapipethroughwhichthewastecango.Peopleuseittogetridofwasteintheirbodies.Itisusuallymadeofchinatheseyears.ToiletYearInventionInventor(s)1902AirconditionerWillisCarrie1903Gas-motoredandmannedplaneWrightbrothers1910ThefirsttalkingfilmThomasEdison1923TelevisionLogieBaird1928Penicillin(青霉素)AlexanderFleming1937Photocopier(影印機(jī))ChesterFCarlson1940ColourtelevisionPeterGoldmark1942ElectricdigitalcomputerAmericanscientists1945AtomicbombAmericanscientists1950CreditcardsRalphSchneider1985WindowsOSMicrosoftCompany1990WorldWideWebTimBerners-LeeAmongtheinventionsabove,whichinventiondoyouthinkisthemostimportantone?Why?Andhowdiditchangepeople’slife?Adiscovery==AninventionMakeadifferencebetweeninventionanddiscoveryaccordingthesituations.Situation1ColumbusfoundTomatoinAmericain1492.Situation2TheStructureofDNAwasfirstdescribedbyJamesWatsonandFrancisCrickin1953.Adiscoveryis__________.

makingordesigningsomethingthatdidnotexistbefore.Aninventionis__________.

findingorlearningaboutsomething(place,fact)thathasalreadyexistforthefirsttime.Discoveriesoftenleadtoinventions.ReadingTheProblemoftheSnakesIfsomesnakesareinyouryard,howdoyoudealwiththem?Fast-readingThetextnarratestheproblemofthesnakesandpresentstheproceduresofcatchingthemandapplyingforapatent.What’sthemainideaofthetext?Dividethetextintofourpartsandworkoutthemainideaforeachpart.PartIPartIIPartIIIPartIV(Para.1)Thediscoveryoftheproblemofthesnakes.(Paras2-3)Theresearchontheapproachestosolvetheproblem.(Para.4-6)Theattemptstocatchthesnakes.(Para.7-8)Therequirementofgettingapatent.Careful-reading1.Thepurposeofwritingthistextis_____.

A.toshowushowtotrapthesnakesbutnottokillthem B.totellpeoplehowtoapplyforapatentofthewriter'snewidea C.tointroducethewriter'snewideaoftrappingthesnakesandherapplicationforapatentD.totellthereadershowtogetanewideaandmakeitapatentChoosethebestanswers.C2.Thebiggestadvantageofthewriter'snew

ideaisthat____.A.itmakesthesnakesmoveslowlyB.itmakesthesnakeshardlybiteusC.itiseasierforustokillthesnakeswithouthurtingourselvesD.itiseasierforustocatchthesnakeswithoutkillingthemD3.Whatinstrumentswereusedfor

catchingthesnakes?A.Abowl,ice-cubes,maleperfume.B.Abowl,abucket,femaleperfume.C.Asmallnet,ice-cubes,abucket.D.Asmallnet,abucket,powders.B4.Whichstatementistrueaccordingtothetext?A.Thesnakesweresosleepyinthesecondattemptthattheycouldn'tbitethewriteratall.B.Yourproductmustbedifferentfromeverybodyelse'sifyouwanttoreceiveapatent.C.Thewriterdecidedtosendherinventiontothepatentofficethemomentshesucceededincatchingthesnakes.D.Ifanapplicationforyourproductprovestobevalid,youcangetapatentimmediately.B5.Accordingtothetext,whichsubjectdo

youthinkcanbegivenapatent?A.Anewstardiscoveredbyascientist.B.AnewnovelwrittenbyHuoDa.C.Anewwaytomakedirtywaterclean.D.Anewkindofgrassfoundinamountainwhichcanbeusedasamedicine.CDiscussionWhydoyouthinkthemotherdidn’ttrytocatchthesnakesherself?2.Whydoyouthinkthewriterfeltshehadachancetodistinguishherselfbyinventingsomethingmercifultocatchthesnakesbutnotharmthem?3.Whydoyouthinkthewriterchoseth