初中英語仁愛版八年級上冊知識點梳理共計59

八年級(上冊)Unit1PlaySports【考點解析】Topic1Areyougoingtoplaybasketball?WearegoingtohaveabasketballgameagainstClassThreeagainst表示“對著：反對；靠著”cheersb.on為 加油，鼓勁win和beat都可表示“贏”，但用法不同。win(won,won)一般后接比賽，獎品或獎項作賓語，也可作不及物動詞，表示“贏”的結果。beat(beat,beaten)擊敗、戰(zhàn)勝，一般接對手作賓語，還可譯為“心臟跳動”或“擊打”。aagame 「ateamwin+事物 awar beat+對手 anation[aprize [anapponent(對手)prefer寧愿，更喜歡(1)preferdoingsth.todoingsth.跟做某事比較起來更喜歡做某事prefersb./sth.tosb./$也.跟某人/某物比較起來更喜歡人/某物(2)prefertodosth.(rather)thandosth.跟做某事比較起來更喜歡做某事(3)prefertodosth.更喜歡做某事join/takepartin(1)join參加某個政黨，團體，組織等，成為其中的一員(2)joinsb.(indoingsth.)和某人一起(做某事)(3)joinin=takepartin參加某項活動playforateam為某隊效力bein/ontheteam在某隊打球dream作名詞，“夢，夢想”。e.g.mydreamjob也可作動詞dreamof/aboutsth./doingsth.“oneofthe+形容詞最高級+名詞的復數”意思是“最……之一”。breaktherecord打破記錄inthe2008BeijingOlympics在2008年北京奧運會中?！霸凇荣愔小庇胔erace/inthebasketballgamegiveup放棄。注意應該把介詞放在中間。e.g.giveitup,giveupdoingsth.放棄做某事。WhataShame=Whatapity真遺憾！spend/cost/pay/take(1)spend作“花費”之意時，指花費時間/精力/財力在某事或某物上，主語是人。(2)cost主要指花費金錢/時間/勞力/精力等。主語是某物或某事。其結構是sth.costssb….(3)paysb,酬謝某人，pay…for…可等同于spend…on…，或用cost作同義句轉換。(4)take一般指花費時間，其主語是名詞或動名詞，經常用it作形式主語。doexercise=playsports做運動，鍛煉Therebe句型的將來時結構為Thereis/aregoingtobe或Therewillbe。注意在Therebe句型中不能出現表示“有”的have和has。1/44thehighjump跳高thelongjump跳遠Sure(1)besurethat+從句e.g.Iamsurethatheisright.(2)sb.besuretodosth.某人一定會做某事。強調說話人的語氣。(3)besureof/aboutsth./doingsth.“確信”，表示主語對 有把握。(4)用在祈使句里Besure(not)todosth.一定(不)做某事e.g.Besuretocomehereearly.make的用法。(1)makesb.dosth.使某人做某事。被動語態(tài)中要還原to。(2)“makesb./sth.+形容詞”使某人或某物處于某種狀態(tài)。(3)makesth.forsb.—makesb.sth.為某人制作 begoodfor“對 有益”，反義詞組是bebadfor“對 有害”。keephealthy=keepfit保持健康playagainst星艮 進行比賽playwith/playagainst/playfor playwith玩耍，游戲，玩樂，與 玩耍。playagainst同 比賽。 playfor為 效力。leave…for…離開某地去某地leavefor=setofffor出發(fā)去某地.一般將來時(1)含義：表示將來某個時間要發(fā)生的動作或是存在的狀態(tài)，也表示將來經?；蚍磸桶l(fā)生的動作，常與表示將來的時間狀語連用，如：tomorrow,soon,lateron,nexttime(week,month,year,Sunday…)等。(2)結構為begoingtodosth.或willdosth.。Therebe句型的將來時結構為Thereis/aregoingtobe或Therewillbe。注意在Therebe句型中不能出現表示“有”的have/has。(3)表示位置移動的動詞go,come,leave,fly,start等可以用現在進行時表示將要發(fā)生的事。其中go和come一定要用現在進行時表示將來?！纠?9】(10年河北中考)Thistermover.Thesummervacationiscomingintwoweeks.A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.willbe【例20】(10年重慶中考)Ifyoutothe2010ShanghaiExponextweek,Iwillgowithyou.A．go B．hasgone C．willgoD．aregoing【考點解析】Topic2Wouldyoumindpassingmesomewater?SectionAwould/could/willyou(please)dosth.“請你做 好嗎?”表示委婉請求對方做某事，否定結構是would/could/willyou(please)notdosth.。e.g.Wouldyoupleasenotplaythepianoloudly?fallill“生病”，beill“生病的”，強調一種狀態(tài)。feelill“感覺不舒服”，強調一種身體感受。falldown摔倒，跌倒。mind的用法(1)作動詞，表示“介意”，常用于疑問句或否定句中。其結構是mindsb./sth./doingsth.對wouldyoumindsb./sb.'sdoingsth.及“wouldyoumindif+從句”的回答，如果是表達“會介意”，可用Yes,you'dbetternot./IamsorrybutIdo.如果表達“不會介意”，可用No,notatall./Nevermind./Itdoesn'tmatter./No,ofcoursenot.(2)用于提出建議。Wouldyouminddoingsth./wouldyoumindnotdoingsth?對Wouldyouminddoingsth.的回答可以用Ofcoursenot,Iwilldoitrightaway./Sorry.Iwilldoitrightaway.對wouldyoumindnotdoingsth.的回答可以用Sorry,Iwon'tdoitagain./I'msorryaboutthat.(4)作名詞，“思想”。setone'smindtodosth./onsth.專注于做某事beglad/happytodosth.樂意做某事practicesth./doingsth.練習做某事2/44SectionBbealwaysdoingsth.老是 ，含有抱怨的感情色彩。careless形容詞，反義詞是careful。carelessly副詞，反義詞是carefully.chance機會haveachancetodosth.有機會做某事getachancetodosth.得到一個機會做某事Whatdoyoumeanbysth./doingsth.?=What'sthemeaningofsth./doingsth.?shoutatsb.朝某人喊叫，含有生氣或氣憤的感情。shouttosb.朝某人喊叫，只是為了使對方聽到，沒有感情色彩。fightwithsb.=haveafightwithsb.與某人打架beangrywithsb.意為“生某人的氣”，如：【鏈接】(1)beangryat對某人的言行感到氣憤，(2)beangryaboutsth.對某事感到生氣，如：doone'sbesttodosth.=trytodosth.盡力做某事saysorry/hello/goodbyetosb.向某人道歉/問候，/道be/feelsorryfor/todo為 而抱歉(難過)keep的用法(1)keepsb.doingsth.使某人一直做某事“keepsb./sth.+賓補+adj.”使某人/某物處于某種狀態(tài)“keepsb./sth.+賓補+adv.”使某人/某物處于某種狀態(tài)(4)keepdoingsth.繼續(xù)不斷做某事e. (5)“keep+表語”，表示保持/繼續(xù)(處于某種狀態(tài))e.g.keepfit/healthy(6)贍養(yǎng)e.g.Myfatherkeepsabigfamily.(7)保存，保留e.g.HowlongcanIkeepthebook?turndown調低音量turnup調高音量turnon打開turnoff關上注意代詞都要放在中間?！痉治霰容^】turnon”打開(水龍頭、電視、收音機、燈、煤氣等)" turnoff“關掉(水龍頭、電視、收音機、燈、煤氣等)"。 turnup"開大，調高"。 turndown“減少，關小”inaminute/rightaway/atonce立刻，馬上對sorry的回答可以是That'sOK(allright)./Itdoesn'tmatter./Nevermind./NotatallSectionClovedoing/todosth.喜歡做某事exciting/excitedexciting指使人感到興奮的事excited是指人對 感到興奮3.aswell/too/also/either/so/neither(1)too/aswell表示“也”，一般放在句末，且前用逗號隔開，常用于肯定句。e.g.Tomisastudent；Jackisastudent,too/aswell.(2)also表示“也”，用于肯定句中，放在be動詞、助動詞、情態(tài)動詞后實意動詞前。(3)在否定句中，都要改為either。 (4)so表示“也”時，用在倒裝句中，表示肯定，其結構是“o+be動詞/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞+主語”。e.g.Katewentshoppingyesterday；Tomwentshopping,too/aswell(sodidTom).(5)neither表示“也”時，用在倒裝句中，表示否定，其結構是“neither+be動詞/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞+主語”。e.g。Katedidn'tgoshoppingyesterday；Tomdidn'tgoshopping,either(NeitherdidTom).4.sothat引導目的狀語從句，含義是“以便，目的是，為了"。從句的謂語動詞要用may,can,should,could等情態(tài)動詞，表示目的狀語，相當于inorderthat,可以改成inordertodo句型。e.g.Let'stakethefrontseatssothat/inorderthatwemayseemoreclearly.=Let'stakethefrontseatsinordertoseemoreclearly.6.other/others/another/theother/theothersother作形容詞，指“其他的，別的“。e.g.otherstudentsothers(1)別人e.g.Youmustbepolitetoothers.(2)“其他的人或物”，指在一個范圍之內，除去一部分后剩余的部分，而不是全部，一般出現短語some…others中。e.g.Therearemanystudentsintheclassroom,3/44somearereading,somearewriting,othersaretalking.another(1)(m者或三者以上)“又一個，再一個“。不確定數量中的另外一個。Jackhasboughtanotherpen.(2)別的，不同的。Idon'tlikethisshirt.Pleaseshowmeanotherone.⑶another+數詞+名詞一數詞+more+名詞?！霸俣嘁恍保谠瓉淼幕A上再加一些。one…theother兩者之間一個 另一個 SectionD連接時間的介詞用法(1)ago“多久之前”，用過去式。結構是“段時間+ago”e.g.twodaysago(2)“before+點時間”，表示“在幾點前”，可用過去時、將來時或一般現在時。e.g.Theywillbeherebefore7：00。(3)“in+段時間”，指“多久之后”，用將來時。e.g.WewillgettoBeijinginthreedays.(4)“after+點時問”，在幾點之后，可用過去時，將來時或一般現在時。e.g.Weoftenplayfootballafter5：00intheafternoon.“after+段時間”，表示“多久之后”，只能用于過去式。e.g.Hecamebackafterfourdays.instead副詞，“代替。而。相反”，單獨使用時放句末。insteadofsth./doingsth.取代/而不是 buildsb.up使某人更強壯4.havefundoingsth.做某事很愉快havefun=enjoyoneself=haveagoodtime玩得開心，過得快樂havefunwithab.與某人共度快樂時光Havefun/Enjoyyourself/Haveagoodtime等可以作為對別人出行前得祝福。Topic3Whichsportwillyoutakepartin?SectionAthesportsmeet/meeting運動會theboys'800一meterrace男子800米賽跑thelongjump跳遠thehighjump跳高therelayrace接力賽跑It'sthe/one'sfirst/second/…timetodosth.makefriendswithsb.與某人交朋友。注意friends要用復數形式。bereadyforsth.為某事而準備。 5.maybe/maybemaybe=perhaps副詞，“也許，大概”。e.g.Maybeheisatthebusstationnow.maybe是情態(tài)動詞may后接動詞原形be,打電話問對方是某人時，可以問Isthat…(speaking)?回答可以是Yes,who'sthat?/Speaking.問對方是誰時用Whoisthat?告訴對方自己是誰時，應該說Thisis…(speaking)。找人接電話時，應該說Hello,mayIspeaktosb.?回答時如果是本人接的電話，可以直接說speakingoLet'smakeithalfpastsix.讓我們定在六點半吧。makeit(1)指約定時間e.g.Let'smakeitat6：30.(2)辦成，做至U(打算或希望做的事)pass動詞，“傳遞”。passsb.sth.=passsth.tosb.把某物傳給某人。e.g.Wouldyoupleasepassmethebook?“經過”。e.g.Shewasthefirstonetopassthefinishingline.passby…"經過(某地)"。past可作副詞或介詞，“在旁經過"。e.g.Hehurriedpastmewithoutstoppingtotalkwithme.【例6】(09年新疆中考)-Didyouseetheaccidentyesterday?—Yes.IthappenedwhenIthemuseum.A.walkedpassB.waswalkingpastC.walkpastD.waswalkingpass【例7】Weneed(再加兩個人)todothework.congratulations.祝賀你。當別人取得成績、榮譽時，我們可以對他說：Congratulations!【例8】(10年廣東中考)一Yesterday1wonthefirstplaceinthe100-meterrace.一Really?!A.CongratulationsB.NevermindC.That'sallrightD.I'msorrytohearthattakephotos/pictures照?目e.g.Look,lotsofstudentsaretakingphotosofthebeautifulflowers.【例9】(10年蘭州中考)一whatareonshowinthemuseum?一SomephotosbythechildrenofYushuQinghai.A.havebeentakenB.weretakenC.aretakenD.taken4/44hold/haveasportsmeet舉行運動會begoodatsth/doingsth.=dowellinsth/doingsth.擅長（做）某事dobadlyinsth./doingsth.在某方面做得糟糕【例10】Hisfatherisgoodatmakingmodelplanes.（同義句改寫）Hisfathermodelplanes.encouragesb.todosth.鼓勵某人做某事?！纠?1】Myfatheroftenencouragesme（study）hard.takeexercise=dosports做運動。其中exercise是不可數名詞，意思是“運動，鍛煉”。它也可以做可數名詞，意思是“練習，體操”。e.g.domorningexercises做早操【例12】（10年陜西中考）一whatdoyouthinkofthe?—Ithinktheyaregoodforoureyes.Weshoulddothemoften.A.eyesexerciseB.eyeexerciseC.eyeexercisesbeableto和can（1）表示現在或過去的能力時兩者相同。e.g.Icouldrideabikeattheageof8.=Iwasabletorideabikeattheageof8,我八歲時就會騎自行車了。beableto有人稱時態(tài)及數的變化，而can只有過去式could.e.g.Wewillbeabletomakeitin2010.至U2010年我們就可以做到了。（3）表示請求、允許及否定判斷時，只能用can。e.g.Theboycan’tbeMike,heleftforParisyesterday.那個男孩不可能是Mike.,他昨天去巴黎了?！纠?3】Jack'sfather（能）swimwhenhewasfiveyearsold.【例】—CouldIuseyourdictionary?—Yes,you.A.canB.could C.needD.shoulddosth.forthefirst/second/…time.第一/二/ 次做某事e.g.Wetookpartintheschoolsportsmeetforthesecondtimelastyear．【例14】ChinatookpartintheOlympicsthefirsttimein1951.A．at B．for C．to D．onmore“更多……”，后可接可數或不可數名詞。反義詞是less,“更少”，接不可數名詞。fewer”更少”，接可數名詞復數?！纠?5】（10年黃岡中考）一What'sthelow-carbonlifestylelike?—Saveenergy,producecarbon.A.more；moreB.less；moreC.less；lessD.more；lessSectionDstandfor代表e.g.RedstandsforgoodluckinChina.【例16】（08年龍巖中考）TheTangcostume代表）Chinesehistoryandfashionculture.atleast=aslittleas至少，反義詞是atmost=asmuchas至多?！纠?7】Thispairofshoescosts（至少）200yuan.【例18】（10年成都中考）ThefoodIcookisn'tdelicious,butIcanlookaftermyself.A.atfirstB.atlastC.atleast【習題精練】.詞匯A.根據漢語或首字母提示填寫單詞。TherforjoiningtheEnglishclubistobeabletopracticemoreEnglish.Themodern（奧運會）startedinAthens.Therearemany（旅游者）visitingBeijingeveryyear.5/44Weshouldimproveour環(huán)境）andkeepitclean.FiveringsareasoftheOlympicGames.B.根據漢語提示及句子意思補全句子。Iwasthewinnerinthe（跳高）intheschoolsportsmeeting.Jack（可能）illnow.Isawhiminthehospitaljustnow.IWouldyoumindcleaningthefloor?—Iamsorry,Iwilldoit（立刻）.Youknowhiswords（f代表）ouridea.Wecanmore體口 交朋友）withforeigners.II.單項選擇（10年杭州中考）一Wouldyouliketohavechicken?—No,thanks.It'sdelicious,butI'vehadenough.A.someotherB.somemoreC.anothersome（10年長沙中考）Iamsureyouwillyourclassmatesifyouarekindandfriendlytothem.A.catchupwithB.agreewithC.getonbadlywithD.makefriendswith（10年安徽中考）—ItseemsthatAliceneverwantstodoanythingexceptdrawpictures.—Right.That'swhatshelikestodo.A．more B．lest C．most D．least（10年十堰中考）一WhereisJeff?—I'mnotsure.Heplayingfootballontheplayground.A．maybe B．maybe C．canbe D．mustbe（10年安徽中考）Bobpromisestothefootballmatchunlesshehastohelphisparentsonthefarm．A．join B．joinin C．takepartto（10年山西中考）一Englishisdifficultforme.HowcanIimproveit?一Don'tloseyourconfidence.Ibelieveyouwillitifyoukeeptrying.A．take B．work C．pick D．make（09年山西中考）一Isitpolitetospeakandlaughloudly?一No,Idon'tthinkso.A.inpublicB.atleast C.ontime.（09年新疆中考）一Didyouwatchthebasketballmatchyesterday?一Yes,Wewereallaboutthematch.A.exciting；excitedB.exciting；exciting C.excited；excited D.excited；exciting.（09年廣州中考）Haveyouyournewclassmatesyet?AhadfriendswithBmadefriendwithCgotfriendtoDmadefriendswith.（09年寧德中考）Icalledyouyesterday,butnobodythephone.A.checkedB.repairedC.answered.（09年天門中考）一whydoyoulikethatscarfsomuch?一BecauseIthinkitcanmegoodluck.AfetchBbringCpassDtake.（09年濰坊中考）LiuQian,asalittleboy,wassohisownmagicworldthatheseldomwentouttoplaywithotherchildrenAgoodatBmadaboutCpopularwithDafraidof.（09年福州中考）一WewillbuildasubwayinFuzhoubefore2014.一Wow,!Willitpassourplace?AwhatanexcitednewsBhowexcitedthenewsis6/44C.whatexcitingnewsD.howexcitingnews(08年南通中考)一Hello!MayIspeaktoMr.Smith?—,please.Heisansweringanothercallrightnow.A.GoonB.ComeonC.KeeponD.Holdon(07年廈門中考)Doctorsoftensuggest,“vegetablesandmeatcanhelpyoukeepfit”.A.More；less B.Few；muchC.Fewer；moreUnit2KeepingHealthy【考點解析】Topic1YOu'dbettergotoseeadoctorSectionAwhat'swrongwithsb./sth.=what’sthematterwithsb./sth.haveacold患感冒，have后可是艮表示疾病的詞語。用來表示“患 疾病”)e.g.haveaheadache/theflu【例1】Youlooksopaleonyourfacedoyou(患感冒)？should/shouldn't情態(tài)動詞“應該/不應該"e.g.ShouldIdosth.?Yes,youshould./No,youshouldn't./No,youneedn't.【例2】(10年江西中考)一Howwastheyouthclublastnight,Mark?—Itwasgreatfun.Youcome.A．must B．can C．should D．may以下是我們所學過的情態(tài)動詞：(1)can能/會，can't不能/不允許，過去式could,couldn'toe.g.CanIdosth.?Yes,youcan/No,youcan't.(2)need“需要”，作為情態(tài)動詞時無人稱和時態(tài)的變化，多用于疑問句或否定句中。e.g.NeedIdosth.?Yes,youmust/haveto.No,youneedn't/don'thaveto.(3)must必須，mustn't表示'“禁止”。e.g.MustIdosth.?Yes,youmust.No,youneedn't/don'thaveto.(4)may“可以/能夠”，無否定形式。MayIdosth．?Yes,youmay/can．No,youcan't．【例3】(10年福州中考)-Dad,mustIdomyhomeworknow?—No.YouplaygameswithyourfriendsforalittlewhileAwouldBneedn'tCmay.takea(good)rest/havea(good)rest^^好)休息【例4】Afterawholeday'swork,wewantto(休息一下)..英語中表示疾病的名詞或詞組大多可以采取“身體部位名諭ache”或“sore+身體部位名詞”來表達。e.g.head—headachestomach-stomachacheback—backachetooth—toothacheear—earacheknee—sorekneethroat—sorethroateye-soreeyefoot—sorefoot【例5】(09年潛江中考)一hehavea.Ican'teatanything.—Maybeyoushouldseeadentist.AcoldBfeverCheadacheDtoothache.Plentyof意思是“大量的”，既可修飾可數名詞，也可修飾不可數名詞。一般用在肯定句中，否定句或疑問句中改為enough或many(much)。e.g.Thereisplentyoftimeleft.Isthereenoughtimeleft?【例6】(10年山西中考)Theyhavetimetodothat,butwedon'thavemoneyforitAplentyof；someB1ittle；fewCplentyof；enoughDalotof；lotsof【考點鏈接】alotof/plentyof/anumberof(1)TherearepeopleintheparkonSundays.(2)Youshoulddrinkwater,andhaveagoodrest.【分析比較】alotof：lotsof表示“大量的，許多”。既可修飾可數名詞也可修飾不可數名詞。plentyof與alotof同義，既可修飾可數名詞也可修飾不可數名詞。anumberof表示“許多，大量的”，修飾可數名7/44詞。故(1)三者都可以用。而(2)填alotof和plentyof都可以。boiledwater開水boilingwater在開的水【例7】-Isthereany(開水)inthepot?-No,thereisn't.SectionB.我們所學過的系動詞有l(wèi)ook,seem,feel,sound,get,be,smell,touch等，他們后面都可以接形容詞作表語，構成系表結構。e.g.feelhappy,soundgreat,smellterrible而實意動詞后面是用副詞去修飾。e.g.singhappily,stepquietly.【例8】(10年漳州中考)一Themeatdelicious.Ican'twaittoeatit.A.smellsB.tastes C.soundshadbetter(not)dosth.最好(不要)做某事【例9】(07年泉州中考)-Myfatherdranktoomuchlastnight,hefeelssicknow.—He'dbettersomuch.It'sbadforhishealth.A.nottodrinkB.drinkingC.notdrinktake“吃/喝”，有時可以用have替換。e.g.takesomefood/takeacupoftea(2)服(藥)takesomemedicine“takesth./sb.to+地點”把某物/某人帶到某地去，而bring是帶到說話的地方來。e.g.I'lltakemydaughtertothezoothisSunday.(4)乘/搭(交通工具)e.g.Youshouldtakeabustothepark.(5)花費(時間，勞力)常用于句型：Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.e.g.Ittakesusonehourtodoourhomeworkeveryday.(6)買。e.g.Iwilltakeit.“做”，和名詞連用，表示與該名詞意義相關的動作。e.g.takeawalk/takephotos【例10】(10年雞西中考)一Howlongdoesittakeyourfathertoworkeveryday.—Abouthalfanhour.A.drivesB.drivingC.todrivefeellikesth./doingsth.=wouldlikesth./todosth.=wantsth./todosth.想要某東西/做某事e.g.Hedidn'tfeellikegoingtoschool.【例11】Katedidn'tfeellike(eat)becausehewasnotwell.dayandnight日日夜夜地e.g.Theyworkdayandnight.toomany“太多”，接可數名詞的復數形式。toomuch“太多”，接不可數名詞。Muchtoo"太……”,接形容詞或副詞?！纠?2】(08年青島中考)Thesedayschildrenatschoolareunderpressurethattheydon'thaveenoughtimetoplayorexercise.A.muchtooB.toomuchC.somanyD.toomany【考點鏈接】toomuch/muchto/toomany(1)Thereavemistakesinthepassage.(2)Eatingcandyisbadforyourteeth.(3)Theproblemiseasyforthem.【分析比較】toomany“太多”，用于修飾名詞復數。(1)題意為“這篇文章里有太多錯誤"。mistakes是名詞復數，故填toomany。toomuch修飾不可數名詞。candy在此作不可數名詞。故(2)填toomuch。muchtoo"太……”，常用于修飾副詞或形容詞。(3)題意為“這個問題對于他們來說太簡單了"，easy是形容詞，故填muchtoo。SectionChurtvt.使疼痛/損傷e.g.Mikehurthislegbadlywhenhefell.vi.疼痛e.g.Myheadhurts8/44today,Iwon'tgotoschool.show（1）指“把 給某人看“showsb.sth.=showsth.tosb.e.g.Pleaseshowmeyourphotos.=Pleaseshowyourphotostome.（2）指“說明，表明，證明”e.g.Heshowedthatitwastrue.（3）名詞，指“展覽會”e.g.acarshow【例13】一Willyoupleaseshowyournewpaintingtome?同意句轉換）—Willyoupleaseyournewpainting?nothingserious”沒什么嚴重的”，注意形容詞或不定式修飾不定代詞時都要后置?！纠?4】Thereisintoday,smagazine.A.newsomethingB.nothingnewC.newnothingD.anythingnewcheckover”給……做體檢，給……做健康檢查”，代詞要放在中間。each和every都表示“每一”，后接單數名詞。each指兩個或兩個以上中的“每一個”，可用作形容詞或代詞。而every是指“三個或三個以上中的每一個”。只用作形容詞。不可以說everyof。e.g.Everyboywasthereandeachdidhispart.each（1）可用作形容詞，指“各自的，每一的“。e.g.oneachsideofthestreet.（2）用作代詞，指“各自，每一”。【例15】Eachofthemhasanewhat.（同意句改寫）Theyanewhat.Sb.haveanaccident某人發(fā)生了一場事故【例16】（09年福州中考）-Excuseme,couldyoutellme?—Sorry,sir.Iwasn'tthereatthattime.A.howdidtheaccidenthappenB.howtheaccidenthappenedC.howdoestheaccidenthappenD.howtheaccidenthappensask（sb.）forsth.“請求、懇求（給予）、征求“，如：Whydon,tyouaskhimforsomeadvice?你為什莫不征求他的意見？Jackisaskingforajob.杰克正在求職?！炬溄印縜skfor-leave請假（多長時間），此時，leave在這里是名詞，是“假期、休假”的意思。SectionDThanks/Thankyouforsth./doingsth.謝謝你 【例17】（08年莆田中考）一Thankyouforthedeliciousfood.—.A.Don'tsaythatB.It'snothing C.I'mgladyouenjoyeditnot…until直至” 才e.g.Shedidn'tstoptalkinguntilourteachercame.=Shedidn'tstoptalkingbeforeourteachercame.=Shestoppedtalkingafterourteachercame.【例18】（10年漳州中考）一It'sgettinglate,Imustgonow.—It'srainingheavilyoutside.Don'tleaveitstops.A．after B．when C．untilworryaboutsth./sb.=beworriedaboutsth./$匕擔心某物或某人I'msorrytohearthatbothyouandyoursisteraresick.both…and 和 都，既……又……。當連接兩個主語時，謂語動詞用復數。both兩者都。all三者或三者以上都。either兩者之一。neither兩者都不。none三者或三者都不。either…or…或者或者。neither…nor…既不也不 。notonly…butalso…不僅 而且 。e.g.IlikebothEnglishandChinese./Neithermathnormusicinterestsme.其中either…or…，neither…nor…，notonly…butalso…連接主語時謂語遵循就近原則。e.g.NeitherhenorIamastudent.19】Mrs.TurnerhasboughtaCDplayerasapresent,buthersonherdaughterlikesit.A.either；orB.notonly；butalsoC.both；andD.neither；nor【例20】Thoughourmathteachersaidthatwasn,tadifficultproblem,ofthestudentsinmyclass9/44couldworkitout.A.both B.allC.neither D.none【習題精練】I.詞匯A.根據漢語或首字母提示填寫單詞。.一Ihaveapaininmyteeth.—Youshouldgotoseea牙醫(yī)）.Hefeels（惡心）.Heshouldgotoseeadoctor.Hertemperatureis40.Shehada（高燒）.It'snothings.Youwillbebetterafteryouhaveagoodrest（08年吉林中考）Henry,youdon'tlookwell.What'sthemwithyou?B.根據漢語提示及句子意思補全句子。You（最好）stayathomeandhaveagoodrest.What'swrongwithKate.She（看起來蒼白的）.Whenyougotoseeadoctor,hewillyou（做檢查）.（08年寧夏中考）I'm（擔憂）herhealth.Shelookspale.Stayinbedanddon'tmoveyourleg太多）.II.單項選擇.（10年上海中考）-CanIwearanyclothesIliketoschool.—No,youcan't!YouwearauniformA．might B．must C．whom D．which.（10年上海中考）Isthisaphotoofyourdaughter?Shelooksinthepinkdress.A.lovelyB.quietlyC.politely D.happily.（10年蘭州中考）HowmuchdoestheticketfromShanghaitoBeijing?A．cost B．take C．spend D．pay.（10年江西中考）一Doyouknowthewaytothepostoffice?—Yes,followmeandI'llyou.A.callB.pickC.showD.invite.（10年上海中考）Wewillhavenowatertodrinkwedon'tprotecttheearthA．until B．before C．though D．if.（10年南京中考）—I'mveryworriedabouttomorrow'smathstest.IamafraidIcan'tpassthistime.一!I'msureyou'llmakeit.A.NoproblemB.Don'tworryC.That'srightD.Don'tmentionit.（10年三明中考）一whotakeyoutothenewschool,yourdadoryoumom?—.Iwenttherealone.A.EitherB.BothC.Neither.（09年漳州中考）TheyellowcoatbeLinda'sbecausenobodylikesyellowexcepther.A.can,t B.canC.mustn't D.must.（09年泉州中考）一whoisplayingthepianointhenextroom?Themusicsobeautiful!—It'smysister,Kate.AsoundsBhearsClistens.（09年龍巖中考）一CanItakethisseat?—.It'sforourteacher,Mr.Li.A.OfcourseB.You'dbetternotC.Yes,please.（09年廣東中考）Theoldmanisillandhedoesn,tfeellike.AtoeatsomethingBtoeatanythingCeatingsomethingDeatinganything10/44（09年莆田中考）一HishobbyiswatchingTVplayingthepiano.—It'sreadingbooks.A.either；or B.both；andC.neither；nor（09年新疆中考）一Howthemedicinetastes!—Yes.Butthemedicinewillreallyworksoonafteryoutakeit.A.terribleB.deliciousC.sweetD.nice（09年廣州中考）Don'tworry.Allthechildrenbythenurses.A.arewelltakencareof B.takegoodcareofC.aretakengoodcareof D.takegoodcare（08年福州中考）-whatanicemodelship!—Thankyou.Itmethreedaystomake.A.paidB.spent C.tookD.wastedm.（10年福州中考）閱讀理解Place： FuzhouTheater Date： 7：00P.m.May10thNumber： 6ROW9,1stFloor Price： ￥80Don'tbringanydangerousthings.Ifyouarelate,enterthetheaterquietly.Theuseofcamerasandvideosisnotallowed.Turnoffyourcellphonesorsetthemtovibrationmode震動模式）.Pleasecheckyourseatnumberandbeseatedbeforetheplaybegins.Pleasecheckthedateandseatnumberwhenyoubuyyourticket.Afterthetickethasbeensold,thereisnorefund.Theplaybeginsat.A.7：00P.m. B.9：00a.m. C.7：00a.m. D.9：00P.m.Yourseatnumberis.A.9；Row6B.6；ROW9C.10；Row6D.7；Row9Ifyouarelatefortheplay,you'dbetter.A．walkaround B．callupyourfriendsC．makemuchnoise D．enterthetheaterquietlyYoushouldatthetheater.A．usecamerasandvideos B．sellyourticketC.talkwithyourfriendsloudlyD.checkyourseatnumberTheunderlinedword“refund”means.A.入場B.出場C.退票D.簽票【考點解析】Topic2Imustaskhimtogiveupsmoking.SectionAIamsorrytohearthat.聽到這我感到很難過。這是表示同情的一種說法。當你聽到別人不幸的事情時，應說此句用來表示你的同情?！纠?】—Jim,I,mafraidIcan,tgotoyourpartytonight.Mygrandmaisill.A.I'msorrytohearthat B.That,sallrightC.Shehastostayinbed D.Don,tworry.onTV/thephone"（通過）電視/電話”，或直接譯成“在電視上/電話上”?！纠?】（10年昆明中考）——I'mgoingtobuysomebooks.Willyoucomewithme?——WhynotshoptheInternet?It'smuchcheaperandmoreconvenientAonBinCatDwith11/44Isee.我明白了。此句為口語，在這里see指“明白，理解”之意。e.g.Hisyoungerbrotherdidn'tseethemeaningofthestory.stayuplate（doingsth.）熬夜（做某事）【例3】Hisfatheroftenstaysuplate（watch）soccergames.【例4】Don,tverylate.YouhavetogetupearlynextmorningA.stayupB.getupC.cutup D.giveuphaveabadcold=haveaterriblecold患嚴重感冒【例5】一What'swrongwithyou,youngboy?—I'mfeelingterrible,maybeIhavea.A．badlycold B．muchcold C．difficultcoldwithout介詞，沒有。withoutsth./doingsth.反義詞是with【例6】Ican,tpasstheexamyourhelp.A.with B.withoutC.don,thave D.nothaveSectionBrelax放松。relaxsb./oneself放松某人（某人自己）。e.g.Listeningtomusiccanrelaxyou.relaxed可用作形容詞，“使人感到放松的”?！纠?】（10年南充中考）一ourEnglishteacherisalwaysveryandmakesusfeel.A.kind；relaxedB.kind；relaxingC.strict；torelaxgiveup“放棄”，代詞放在中間。e.g.giveitupgiveupdoingsth.放棄做某事【例8】Don,t.Workhardandyouwillcatchupwithyourclassmates.A．giveup B．putup C．growup D．lookupthrowabout“亂扔”，代詞放中間。【例9】Wecan't（亂扔）litter.Weshouldkeepourschoolclean.litter作動詞，意思與throwabout相當。e.g.Don'tlitterthegroundwithpaper.作不可數名詞時，指“垃圾，廢物”。e.g.Youmustn'tthrowaboutlitter.enough作形容詞時修飾名詞，置于名詞的前后均可。如：Doyouhaveenoughmoney?你有足夠的錢嗎？【鏈接】（1）enough作副詞時，修飾形容詞或副詞，應置于所修飾的形容詞或副詞之后，如：Sheisnotoldenoughtogotoschool.=Sheistooyoungtogotoschool,她太小了，還不能上學。enough作代詞，意為“足夠的東西”，如：Ihaveenoughtodo.我要做的事夠多了。【口訣】enough一詞的位置，出“名”在前，幸?！保ㄐ巍薄案薄保┰诤??！纠?0】（10年南充中考）-Doesthechildneedanyhelp?—No.Sheistodressherself.A．enoughold B．youngenoughC．oldenoughIt's+adj.（for/ofsb.）todosth.（對某人來說）做某事是，用for指做這件事情是怎么樣的，e.g.It'sdifficultforhimtogettothebank.用of時，前面的形容詞是指這個人的性格特征。It'sveryniceofyoutohelpme．【例11】It'sniceAndymewithmyEnglishstudy.A．at；tohelp B．of；tohelp C．with；help D．of；help【例12】（10年沈陽中考）Mybrotheristwometresinheight,It'sverydifficulttofindclothesbigenoughhim.A．about B．at C．with D．forSectionCmay有兩種含義，一種表示請求允許，譯成“可以”。e.g.MayIcomeinnow?一種表示推測，譯成“可能”。e.g.Hemaybeagoodteacher./Shemaygotoworktomorrow.表示推測，譯成“可能”12/44的還有must/mightomust是比較有根據的推測，把握性最強。e.g.Thatmustbehisbike.Hisisblack.might表示推測的把握性比may更弱。e.g.Youmightgetaheadachewhenyouworktoohard.否定句中表示推測只能用can'toe.g.Themanintheroomcan'tbehim.HehasgonetoBeijing.【例13】(10年三明中考)一Whosejacketisthis?—ItbewuLei's.Isawhimwearitjustnow.A.can'tB.mustC.may【例14】(10年河南中考)一It'ssuchalongway!WhatshallIdo?—Youtakemycarifyouwant.A.will B.must C.mayhuman的復數是humanswork(1)作名詞時是不可數名詞，“工作”。e.g.Wehavemuchworktodotoday.(2)作動詞，“上班，工作”。e.g.Sheoftenworkslate.(3)作動詞，表示“取得成效”。Ithinkthethoughtwillworkwell.(4)作動詞，表示“運轉，工作”。e.g.MyTVsetdoesn'twork.【例15】(10年青島中考)Hemayleavenow,becausethereisworkforhimtodo.A.alittleB.someC.noD.anythrough/across/cross/pastacross的含義與on有關，表示某一動作是在某一物體的平面上進行，其意思是“橫過”。e.g.Wewalkacrosstheroad.cross=goacrosscross是動詞，而across是介詞。through的含義與in有關，表示動作發(fā)生在立體空間，是從內部穿過。e.g.Hewalkedthroughtheforest/village.past可作副詞或介詞，“在旁經過”。e.g.Hehurriedpastmewithoutstoppingtospeak.【考點鏈接】cross/across/through/past(1)Lookbothwaysbeforeyoutheroad.(2)Hewalkedthefield.(3)Theballwentflyingthewindow.(4)Studysomeexampapertogetanideaofthequestions.【分析比較】 四者都有“經過，通過”的意思，但詞性和用法不同。cross意為“橫過，穿過，越過，渡過”，為動詞，相當于walk(go,run)across,故(1)填crossoacross意為“橫過，穿過”，為介詞，不作動詞，不能作謂語，常放在動詞之后，如：goacross,walkacross等。故(2)填across。另外，表示游渡，乘船過?；蜻^河時用acrossothrough是介詞，含有“從……中間穿越”之意，表示四周含有物體的穿越。故3)填through。試比較：Theroadrunsacrosstheplain.一條路橫過平原。Theriverflowsthroughthecity.這條河從城市穿過。past既可作副詞也可作形容詞，作副詞時有“穿越，經過”之意。如：Willyougopastmyhouseonyourwayhome?你回家的路上會經過我家嗎?作形容詞時有“以前的，剛過去的”之意，如：Inthepastyear,Shanechangedjobs3times.在過去一年里莎恩換了3次工作。故(4)填past?！纠?6】(10年連云港中考)LiuXiangcamethirdthe110-meter-hurdleracelastmonthinShanghai．A．in B．from C．across D．through【例17】(10年呼和浩特中考)Thepolicemanhelpedtheoldwomanwalktheroad.A．above B．across C．throughD．overSectionD1．as(1)用在同級比較中，“像 一樣”。e.g.Heisasyoungasme.否定句中前面一個as可以改為so.(2)(表示方式)如同，按照。e.g.DoasItoldyou.(3)當……時候。e．g．Isawhimashewasgettingonthebus．(4)由于，鑒于。e.g.Ashewasnotwell,Idecidedtogowithouthim.13/44（5）作為，當做。e.g.Heworksasasinger.【考點鏈接】like/as（1）Hehasblueeyesme.(2)S