1. 第一章 植物發(fā)育生物學(xué)概述

幻燈制作和修改：

Prof.孟金陵，Dr.龍艷

葛賢宏gexianhong13419668810植物發(fā)育生物學(xué)

PlantDevelopmentalBiology需要具備的基本知識(shí)植物學(xué)、植物生理學(xué)、植物生物化學(xué)、遺傳學(xué)、細(xì)胞生物學(xué)。中心法則？DNA，基因，基因結(jié)構(gòu)，基因克隆？基因表達(dá)，基因表達(dá)調(diào)控？基因組學(xué)、表觀遺傳學(xué)？WhatisDevelopmentalBiology?生長(zhǎng)，分化，發(fā)育，

系統(tǒng)發(fā)育，進(jìn)化？Development！AnimalAnatomy（動(dòng)物解剖學(xué)）Theconceptofdevelopmentalbiology–fromanimaltoplantAnimalAnatomyTheconceptofdevelopmentalbiology–fromanimaltoplantAnimalEmbryology（動(dòng)物胚胎學(xué)）Theconceptofdevelopmentalbiology–fromanimaltoplant個(gè)體發(fā)育過程是對(duì)系統(tǒng)發(fā)育過程的重演.HaeckelTheconceptofdevelopmentalbiology–fromanimaltoplant生物個(gè)體如何從受精卵而來？ThomasMorganTheconceptofdevelopmentalbiology–fromanimaltoplantThomasMorganGeneticsSexallinkedinheritanceGeneticsSexallinkedinheritanceBiochemistry動(dòng)物解剖學(xué)生物化學(xué)動(dòng)物胚胎學(xué)遺傳學(xué)Theconceptofdevelopmentalbiology–fromanimaltoplantAnimalEmbryologyBiochemistryAnimalAnatomyGeneticsTheconceptofdevelopmentalbiology–fromanimaltoplantAnimalEmbryology(胚胎學(xué)）AnimalAnatomy動(dòng)物解剖學(xué)DevelopmentalBiology(Animal)GeneticsTheconceptofdevelopmentalbiology–fromanimaltoplantBiochemistryAdisciplinestudyingpatternformationandorgandevelopmentinanimal1950’sAdisciplinestudyingpatternformationandorgandevelopmentinanimal1980’sAnimalEmbryologyAnimalAnatomyDevelopmentalBiology(Animal)GeneticsMolecularBiologyBiochemistrymechanismof1950’s母源效應(yīng)基因縫隙基因配對(duì)法則基因分節(jié)極性基因AnimalEmbryologyAnimalAnatomyGeneticsMolecularBiologyBiochemistryWhynotPlantinmost20thcentury?Theconceptofdevelopmentalbiology–fromanimaltoplant1980’s1950’sAdisciplinestudyingpatternformationandmechanismofdevelopmentinanimalDevelopmentalBiology(Animal)AnatomyQuestion1:Howdoplantsdevelop?OpenQuestion:Howdoplantsdevelop?PlantEmbryology植物發(fā)育具有以下特點(diǎn)：植物是一種形態(tài)學(xué)上簡(jiǎn)單的有機(jī)體；植物細(xì)胞具有全能性；植物既可以用孢子，也可以用配子進(jìn)行生殖；高等植物中具有雙受精現(xiàn)象；植物胚胎發(fā)生完成于休眠種子的形成；高等植物的胚形成兩個(gè)具有不同發(fā)育命運(yùn)的器官系統(tǒng)；植物具有無(wú)限的發(fā)育程序；植物的形態(tài)建成在沒有細(xì)胞移動(dòng)的情況下進(jìn)行；環(huán)境因子在植物發(fā)育中扮演主要的角色植物開花和花型決定碳氮比假說光周期調(diào)控激素作用“成花素”春化作用植物開花基因調(diào)控網(wǎng)絡(luò)花器官?zèng)Q定的ABC模型ABCD模型ABCDE模型PlantBiologyAnatomyEmbryoComparativeExperimentalPhysiologicalBiochemicalEmbryologyReproductiveBiologyBotanyTheconceptofdevelopmentalbiology–fromanimaltoplantDevelopmentalBiology(Animal)Endof20thcenturyPlantDevelopmentalBiologyPlantBiologyAnatomyEmbryoComparativeExperimentalPhysiologicalBiochemicalEmbryologyReproductiveBiologyBotanyTheconceptofdevelopmentalbiology–fromanimaltoplantEndof20thcenturyPlantDevelopmentalBiologyAnimalDevelopmentalBiologyDevelopmentalBiologyAdisciplinestudyingpatternformationandmechanismofdevelopmentinanimals.Theconceptofdevelopmentalbiology–fromanimaltoplantEndof20thcenturyPlantDevelopmentalBiologyAnimalDevelopmentalBiologyDevelopmentalBiologyandplants.植物發(fā)育生物學(xué)白書農(nóng)，2003;崔克明，2007植物發(fā)育的分子機(jī)理許智宏主編，1999MolecularGeneticsofPlantDevelopmentHowell,1998DevelopmentalBiologyofFloweringPlantsRaghavan,2000MechanismsinPlantDevelopmentLeyser&Day,2002PlantDevelopmentalBiologyEndof20thcenturyBooks?植物發(fā)育分子生物學(xué)嚴(yán)海艷，2012植物分子遺傳學(xué)劉良式主編1997，2003植物發(fā)育生物學(xué)白書農(nóng)，2003植物發(fā)育的分子機(jī)理許智宏主編，1999MolecularGeneticsofPlantDevelopmentHowell,1998DevelopmentalBiologyofFloweringPlantsRaghavan,2000MechanismsinPlantDevelopmentLeyser&Day,2002DevelopmentDevelopmentalGeneticsGeneticsandDevelopmentalPlantCellPlantJournalCellNatureScienceJournalPlantDevelopmentalBiologyPlantDevelopmentalBiologyEndof20thcenturyWhatisDevelopmentalBiology?Theconceptofdevelopmentalbiology–fromanimaltoplantWhatisDevelopmentalBiology?WhystudyPlantDevelopmentalBiology?PlantDevelopmentalBiologyWhatisDevelopmentalBiology?WhystudyPlantDevelopmentalBiology?ForcompletingthestudyofBiologicalScienceandTechnologyPlantBiologyPlantDevelopmentalBiologyPlantPhysiologyReproductiveBiologyBotanyPlantBiochemistryGeneticsMolecularBiologyBioinformaticsCellBiologyGenomicsWhystudyPlantDevelopmentalBiology?Acut-edgedisciplineinLifeScienceAcut-edgedisciplineinLifeScience植物重要器官分化和形態(tài)建成的分子機(jī)制附件1：國(guó)家重點(diǎn)基礎(chǔ)研究發(fā)展計(jì)劃和重大科學(xué)研究計(jì)劃2013年重要支持方向農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)領(lǐng)域1.主要農(nóng)作物生殖發(fā)育的分子機(jī)理和提高雜種優(yōu)勢(shì)利用效率的研究2.作物脂肪酸和特殊營(yíng)養(yǎng)成分形成和調(diào)控的分子機(jī)理研究3.作物器官衰老的分子基礎(chǔ)及其對(duì)產(chǎn)量、品質(zhì)性狀形成的調(diào)控研究4.農(nóng)業(yè)動(dòng)物繁殖力和優(yōu)良生產(chǎn)性狀遺傳機(jī)理研究5.農(nóng)業(yè)動(dòng)物安全高效養(yǎng)殖的基礎(chǔ)研究6.提高草原生產(chǎn)力和農(nóng)田水分、養(yǎng)分高效利用的基礎(chǔ)研究7.農(nóng)林有害生物的生物學(xué)防治機(jī)理和綜合控制8.真菌利用與病原性真菌防控的生物學(xué)研究WhatisDevelopmentalBiology?WhystudyPlantDevelopmentalBiology?Lectures:32hrsHowtostudyPlantDevelopmentalBiology?Part1:植物生殖發(fā)育Part2:植物營(yíng)養(yǎng)發(fā)育PlantDevelopmentalBiology第一部分：植物生殖發(fā)育1.導(dǎo)言2.植物發(fā)育生物學(xué)研究方法3.植物開花決定與花型決定4.高等植物的性別決定和生殖器官的發(fā)育5.植物的傳粉和受精6.植物胚胎發(fā)育7.植物果實(shí)發(fā)育8.植物的光形態(tài)建成9.植物激素與植物發(fā)育10.植物根的發(fā)育11.植物莖頂端和葉的發(fā)育12.逆境中的植物發(fā)育第二部分：植物營(yíng)養(yǎng)發(fā)育Thelectureswillgoonby--Studylively!LiteraturereadingGroupdiscussionOralpresentationAskingquestionsTeachings20%:Studylively80%:

FinalexamScorecounting:WhatisDevelopmentalBiology?WhystudyPlantDevelopmentalBiology?HowtostudyPlantDevelopmentalBiology?