山西省大同市吉家莊中學(xué)2022年高三英語(yǔ)模擬試卷含解析

山西省大同市吉家莊中學(xué)2022年高三英語(yǔ)模擬試卷含解析一、選擇題1.Wecametothestation________alltheway,only________thetrainhadjustleft.A.running,told B.torun,tellingC.torun,tobetold D.running,tobetold參考答案：D【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：我們一路跑往車(chē)站，卻被告知火車(chē)剛剛離開(kāi)。分析句式可知，一路跑過(guò)去是作句子的伴隨狀語(yǔ)，要用現(xiàn)在分詞表示同時(shí)進(jìn)行，因此第一空用running；急忙的趕過(guò)去卻發(fā)現(xiàn)火車(chē)離開(kāi)了是出乎意料的結(jié)果，不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)表出乎意料的結(jié)果，其邏輯主語(yǔ)we與tell之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此第二空用不定式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)tobedone。故選D。【點(diǎn)睛】非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是高考必考考點(diǎn)，也是貫穿整個(gè)高中階段的重要知識(shí)內(nèi)容，需要考生準(zhǔn)確的把握住三種非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式各自的特點(diǎn)和用法，此處考查的是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)的用法，主要要求考生區(qū)別三種非謂語(yǔ)形式作狀語(yǔ)的基本用法，尤其是其特殊之處，例如第一空作伴隨狀語(yǔ)的常常使用現(xiàn)在分詞，作目的狀語(yǔ)的常常使用不定式，此處的難度在第二空，不定式和現(xiàn)在分詞都可表結(jié)果，但他們的區(qū)別是不定式表出乎意料的結(jié)果，現(xiàn)在分詞表自然而然的結(jié)果。2.IstaredintotheblacknessandwonderedifhewasasawareofmypresenceasI

.A.wasofhis

B.didofhim

C.washim

D.didhis參考答案：A3.Recentpressureatworkmay____hisabnormalbehavior.A.pushfor

B.exchangeforC.accountfor

D.headfor參考答案：C考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。A.pushfor為……而分離爭(zhēng)取；B.exchangefor交換；C.accountfor解釋?zhuān)籇.headfor朝……走去。句意：最近工作壓力可能是他反常行為的原因。故選C。4.Agriculture_____about14percentofglobalgreenhousegasemissions,andtransportingthefoodaroundaddstotheenvironmentalcost.

A.caresfor

B.appliesfor

C.accountsfor

D.answersfor參考答案：C5.Inordertogetgoodmarksinthecomingexam,myson______lateeverynightinthepastthreeweeks.A.studies

B.studied

C.hasbeenstudying

D.wasstudying參考答案：C6.—Ourholidaycostalotofmoney．

—Didit?Well,thatdoesn'tmatter___youenjoyedyourselves．

A．a(chǎn)slongas

B．unless

C．a(chǎn)ssoonas

D．though參考答案：A7.Thepolicestillhaven’tfoundthelostchild,butthey’redoingallthey_____.A.can

B.may

C.must

D.should參考答案：A8.________doingmoreexercisetoloseweight,manyteenagerswouldratherbeacouchpotato.A.Insteadof

B.Asaresultof

C.Inspiteof

D.Regardlessof參考答案：A略9.LastChristmasmyfathergavemesointerestingabookasapresent___nothingelsecouldmatch.

A.that

B.as

C.where

D.which參考答案：B10.—Oh,fantastic!WhatisyourcommentonthesongJingubang？

—Terriblysorry!I_____.

A.didn’tlisten

B.wasn’tlistening

C.haven’tlistened

D.hadn’tlistened參考答案：B11.Youcan’tpredicteverything.Oftenthingsdon’t______asyouexpect.A.runout

B.

workout

C.breakout

D.putout參考答案：B12._____thatthegovernmentcanleadthemoutofthefinancialcrisis,peopleareoptimisticaboutthefutureofthecountry.A.Convincing

B.Convinced

C.Toconvince

D.Havingconvinced參考答案：B略13.Tomakejourneyssafer，thegovernmenthasdemandedallhigh-speedtrainsrun

aslowerpace．

A．through

B．a(chǎn)t

C．with

D．a(chǎn)cross參考答案：B14.—John,youshouldn'thaveparkedyourcarhere.

—Sorry.I_

__thesign.

A．haven'tseen

B．don'tsee

C．didn'tsee

D．hadn'tseen

參考答案：C15.--Soyougaveheryourphone?--__________.Shesaidshe'dreturnittomewhenshecouldaffordherown.A.Notexactly

B.Mypleasure

C.Nodoubt

D.Allright

參考答案：A略16.Saveyourapologyfor

youreallymakeeverythingamess.A.unless B.once C.when D.though參考答案：C17.—Haveyoureadthisbook?—Yes.Butthatoneis_______worth_______.A.more;toread

B.more;readingC.better;reading

D.better;beingread參考答案：C二、填空18.語(yǔ)法填空PatriciaPaniawantedtobewasamotherandhome-maker.But16.___________lifewasturnedupsidedownwhenamotorist,17._____________(distract)byhiscellphone,ranastopsignandcrashedintothesideofhercar.Theimpactkilledher2-year-olddaughter.Fourmonthslater,Paniareluctantlybut18.____________(courage)decidedtotrytoeducatethepublicandtofight19.______________lawstobandriversfromusingcellphones20._____________acarismoving.Inherfirstspeech,Paniawasvisiblytremblingandhervoicewassoftanduncertain.Butasshegotintoherspeech,adramatic21.________________(transform)tookplace.Shestopped22._____________(shake)andspokewith23._____________strongvoice.Fortherestofhertalk,shewasaforcefulandcompellingspeaker.Shewantedeveryoneintheaudiencetoknow24._____________sheknewwithouthavingtolearnitfromapersonaltragedy.Manyintheaudienceweremovedtotearsandtoaction.Insubsequentpresentations,Paniagainedreputation25._____________ahighlyeffectivespeaker.

參考答案：16her,17distracted,18courageously,19for,20while,21transformation,22shaking,23a,24what,25as略19.Officialfiguresshowthatthenumberofpeopletakinginternational___61___(flight)isdecreasing,andthatthisisresultinginsignificantchangestoholidayinghabits.

Asthecostofairticketsincreases,___62___appearsthatmoreandmorefamiliesarechoosingtospendtheirsummerholidaysathome.Formanyparents,asummerwithnoovercrowdedresortsmayseemquite___63___(attract),buttheideamightwellbelesspopularwithteenagechildren,___64___areprobablyusedtoflyingofftotheMediterraneanorMiamiassoonasschoolbreaksup.

So,thequestionis,howcanyoungpeopleenjoythemselves___65___(thorough)whensomuchisclosedfortheholidays,andsomanyof___66___(they)friendsareboundtobeaway?Nowadays,manysportscentresorganizesummeractivitiesaimedatyoungpeople___67___(interest)eitherinindoororoutdoorsports.Thesemightrange,forexample,fromplayingtabletennis___68___goingmountain-biking.Aswellasbeinghealthyandenjoyable,takingpartinactivitieslikethese___69___(be)alsoanexcellentwaytomakenewfriends.Forthemostpopularactivities,though,itisadvisable___70___(apply)earlyforaplace,perhapstwoorthreemonthsinadvance.參考答案：61.flights

62.it

63.attractive

64.who

65.thoroughly

66.their

67.interested

68.to

69.is

70.toapply本文是說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了“新興的環(huán)保度假方式一在家度假”及其對(duì)青少年的影響?！?1題詳解】考查名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。flight為可數(shù)名詞，此處為泛指，故填其復(fù)數(shù)形式flights?！?2題詳解】考查it的用法。it作形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)為that引導(dǎo)的從句，故填it?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞作表語(yǔ)的用法。seem為半系動(dòng)詞，設(shè)空處作表語(yǔ)，表示“有吸引力的”，故填attractive?！?4題詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞teenagechildren，且在從句中作主語(yǔ)，故填who?！?5題詳解】考查副詞。設(shè)空處修飾動(dòng)詞enjoy，故填thoroughly?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞性物主代詞。設(shè)空處修飾friends，故填their?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞-ed形式作后置定語(yǔ)的用法。interest與其邏輯主語(yǔ)youngpeople之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故填interested。【68題詳解】考查介詞。fromto意為“從……到……”，為固定搭配。故填to。【69題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。設(shè)空處充當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)，其主語(yǔ)為takingpartinactivitieslikethese，且表示一般事實(shí)，故填is。【70題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)的用法。設(shè)空處所在分句中的it是形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是toapplyearlyforaplace。故填toapply。三、閱讀理解20.Thelastdecadesawtheriseofthefieldof“plantneurobiology(神經(jīng)生物學(xué))”.Thatdebatablefieldisbasedontheideathatplants——whichdonotpossessbrains——handleinformationinwayssimilartocomplicatedanimalnervoussystems.Thisthinkingimpliesthatplantscouldfeelhappinessorsorroworpain,makeintentionaldecisionsandevenpossessconsciousness.Butthechancesofthatare“effectivelyzero,"LincolnTaizandcolleagueswriteinanopinionpieceinTrendsinPlantScience."There'snothingintheplantremotelycomparabletothecomplexityoftheanimalbrain,"saysTaiz,fromtheUniversityofCalifornia,SantaCruz.Someplantsarecapableofcomplicatedbehavior.Woundedleavescansendwarningsignalstootherpartsoftheplant,andharmfulchemicalscanwarnanimalsthateatthem.Someplantsmayevenhaveaversionofshort-termmemory:Tinysensinghairscancountthenumberoftouchesthatcomefromaclumsyinsect.Butplantsperformthesewithequipmentthat'sverydifferentfromthenervoussystemsofanimals,nobrainrequired,Taizargues.Heandcolleaguespointoutmethodological(方法的)faultsinsomeofthestudiesthatclaimplantshavebrain-likecommandcenters,animal-likenervecellsandchangingpatternsofelectricitythataresimilartoactivityfoundinanimalbrains.Butbeyondthedebateoverhowthesestudiesareconducted,Taiz'steamarguesthatplantconsciousnessdoesn'tevenmakesensefromanevolutionary(進(jìn)化的)pointofview.Complicatedanimalbrainsadvancedinparttohelpalivingbeingcatchamealandavoidbecomingone,Taizsays.Butplantsarerootedtothegroundandrelyonsunlightforenergy,aninactivelifestylethatdoesn'trequirequickthinkingoroutsmartingapredator(捕食者)——ortheenergeticallyexpensivenervoussystemsthatenablethosebehaviors.“Whatusewouldconsciousnessbetoaplant?”Taizasks.Theenergyrequiredtopowerawarenesswouldbetoocostly,andthebenefitfromsuchawarenesstoosmall.Ifaplantworriedandsufferedwhenfacedwithathreat,itwouldbewastingsomuchenergythatitwouldn'thaveanylefttodoanythingaboutthatthreat,Taizsays.Imagineaforestfire."It'sunbearabletoevenconsidertheideathatplantswouldbeconsciousbeingsawareofthefactthatthey'rebeingburnedtoashes,watchingtheyoungtreesdieinfrontofthem,"Taizsays.Thefrighteningsceneillustrates"whatitwouldactuallycostaplanttohaveconsciousness."Furthermore,plantshaveplentytodowithouthavingtobeconscious,too.Withsunlight,carbondioxideandwater,plantscreatethecompounds(化合物)thatsustainmuchoftherestoflifeonEarth,Taizpointsout."Isn'tthatenough?"42.AccordingtoParagraph1,aplantneurobiologistwouldmostprobablyagreethat______.A.plantsarecapableofindependentthinkingB.plantsareasbiologicallycomplexasanimalsC.plantsdevelopednervoussystemsforsurvivalD.plantsfeelemotionsinthesamewayasanimals43.Whatdoestheunderlined"one”inParagraph4referto?A.Apredator.B.Ameal.C.Aninactiveplant.D.Alivingbeing.44WhichstatementdoesLincholTaizbelieve?A.Plantspossessbrain-likecommandcenters.B.Thelifestyleofplantsrequiresnervoussystems.C.Itisunnecessaryforplantstohaveconsciousness.D.Nervoussystemsenableplantstofighttheirpredators.45.LincolnTaizintroducesaforestfireto______.A.suggestnewwaystostudythebehaviorsofplantsB.discussthepossibilityofplantsescapingadisasterC.illustratehowplantsmakedecisionsinfaceofdangersD.proveconsciousnesswoulddoplantsmoreharmthangood參考答案：42.A

43.B

44.C

45.D【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了神經(jīng)生物學(xué)認(rèn)為植物擁有意識(shí)，但是加州大學(xué)圣克魯斯分校的塔伊茲教授并不同意這種觀點(diǎn)。并對(duì)此進(jìn)行了說(shuō)明?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Thatdebatablefieldisbasedontheideathatplantswhichdonotpossessbrainshandleinformationinwayssimilartocomplicatedanimalnervoussystems.Thisthinkingimpliesthatplantscouldfeelhappinessorsorroworpain,makeintentionaldecisionsandevenpossessconsciousness.”可知，神經(jīng)生物學(xué)認(rèn)為沒(méi)有大腦的植物處理信息的方式與復(fù)雜的動(dòng)物神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)相似，這種觀點(diǎn)暗示著植物可以感受快樂(lè)或悲傷或痛苦，做出有意的決定，甚至擁有意識(shí)，由此判斷出，神經(jīng)生物學(xué)家很可能會(huì)同意“植物能夠獨(dú)立思考”這一說(shuō)法，故A項(xiàng)正確?！?3題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫(huà)線(xiàn)詞前的“Complicatedanimalbrainsadvancedinparttohelpalivingbeingcatchameal”可知，復(fù)雜的動(dòng)物大腦進(jìn)化的部分原因是為了幫助它們捕捉食物，此處承接這一話(huà)題，是說(shuō)它們避免讓自己成為別人的食物，由此可知畫(huà)線(xiàn)詞指的就是前面提到的meal，故B項(xiàng)正確?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段““Whatusewouldconsciousnessbetoaplant?”Taizasks.Theenergyrequiredtopowerawarenesswouldbetoocostly,andthebenefitfromsuchawarenesstoosmall.Ifaplantworriedandsufferedwhenfacedwithathreat,itwouldbewastingsomuchenergythatitwouldn'thaveanylefttodoanythingaboutthatthreat,Taizsays.”可知，意識(shí)對(duì)植物有什么用?塔伊茲問(wèn)道，為意識(shí)提供所需的能源成本太高，而這種意識(shí)帶來(lái)的好處又太小，塔伊茲說(shuō)，如果一株植物在面臨威脅時(shí)憂(yōu)心忡忡并受苦，那么它就會(huì)浪費(fèi)太多的能源，以致對(duì)這種威脅束手無(wú)策，由此判斷出塔伊茲認(rèn)為植物沒(méi)有必要具有意識(shí)，故C項(xiàng)正確?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Imagineaforestfire."It'sunbearabletoevenconsidertheideathatplantswouldbeconsciousbeingsawareofthefactthatthey'rebeingburnedtoashes,watchingtheyoungtreesdieinfrontofthem,"Taizsays.Thefrighteningsceneillustrates"whatitwouldactuallycostaplanttohaveconsciousness."”可知，想象一下森林大火，塔伊茲說(shuō)：“我們甚至都無(wú)法想象這樣的想法，即植物是有意識(shí)的生物，意識(shí)到它們正被燒成灰燼，看著小樹(shù)在它們面前死去”，這個(gè)可怕的場(chǎng)景說(shuō)明了“植物擁有意識(shí)的實(shí)際代價(jià)是什么”，這說(shuō)明擁有意識(shí)會(huì)讓植物在森林大火中承受自己被燒和失去孩子的雙重痛苦，由此判斷出，塔伊茲提到森林大火是為了證明擁有意識(shí)對(duì)植物弊大于利，故D項(xiàng)正確?！军c(diǎn)睛】本篇第4題難度較大，抓住提到森林大火時(shí)塔伊茲說(shuō)的話(huà)是關(guān)鍵，根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Imagineaforestfire."It'sunbearabletoevenconsidertheideathatplantswouldbeconsciousbeingsawareofthefactthatthey'rebeingburnedtoashes,watchingtheyoungtreesdieinfrontofthem,"Taizsays.Thefrighteningsceneillustrates"whatitwouldactuallycostaplanttohaveconsciousness."”可知，想象一下森林大火，塔伊茲說(shuō)：“我們甚至都無(wú)法想象這樣的想法，即植物是有意識(shí)的生物，意識(shí)到它們正被燒成灰燼，看著小樹(shù)在它們面前死去”，這個(gè)可怕的場(chǎng)景說(shuō)明了“植物擁有意識(shí)的實(shí)際代價(jià)是什么”，這說(shuō)明擁有意識(shí)會(huì)讓植物在森林大火中承受自己被燒和失去孩子的雙重痛苦，由此判斷出，塔伊茲提到森林大火是為了證明擁有意識(shí)對(duì)植物弊大于利。21.閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。HecameintotheroomtoshutthewindowswhilewewerestillinbedandIsawhelookedill.Hewasshivering,hisfacewaswhite,andhewalkedslowlyasthoughitachedtomove.“What’sthematter,Schatz?”“I’vegotaheadache.”“You’dbettergobacktobed.”“No,Iamallright.”“Yougotobed.I’llseeyouwhenI’mdressed.”ButwhenIcamedownstairshewasdressed,sittingbythefire,lookingaverysickandmiserableboyofnineyears.WhenIputmyhandonhisforeheadIknewhehadafever.“Yougouptobed,”Isaid,“Youaresick.”“I’mallright,”hesaid.Whenthedoctorcamehetooktheboy’stemperature.“Whatisit?”Iaskedhim.“Onehundredandtwodegree.”Downstairs,thedoctorleftthreedifferentmedicinesindifferentcolor1edcapsuleswithinstructionsforgivingthem.Thegermsofinfluenza(流感)canonlyexistinanacidcondition,heexplained.Heseemedtoknowallaboutinfluenzaandsaidtherewasnothingtoworryaboutifthefeverdidnotgoaboveonehundredandfourdegrees.Thiswasalightepidemic(傳染病)offluandtherewasnodangerifyouavoidedpneumonia(肺炎).BackintheroomIwrotetheboy’stemperaturedownandmadeanoteofthetimetogivethevariouscapsules.“Doyouwantmetoreadtoyou?”“Allright.Ifyouwantto,”saidtheboy.Hisfacewasverywhiteandthereweredarkareasunderhiseyes.Helaystillinthebed.IreadaloudfromHowardPyle’sBookofPirates;butIcouldseehewasnotfollowingwhatIwasreading.“Howdoyoufeel,Schatz?”“Justthesame,sofar,”hesaid.IsatatthefootofthebedandreadtomyselfwhileIwaitedforittobetimetogiveanothercapsule.Itwouldhavebeennaturalforhimtogotosleep,butwhenIlookeduphewaslookingatthefootofthebed,lookingverystrangely.“Whydon’tyoutrytosleep?I’llwakeyouupforthemedicine.”“I’dratherstayawake.”Afterawhilehesaidtome,“youdon’thavetostayherewithme,Papa,ifitbothersyou.”“Itdoesn’tbotherme.”“No,Imeanyoudon’thavetostayifit’sgoingtobotheryou.”Ithoughtperhapshewasalittlelightheadedandaftergivinghimtheprescribedcapsulesateleveno’clockIwentoutwithmygunandtheyounghuntingdog…Ikilledtwoquail(鵪鶉),andmissedfive,andstartedbackpleasedtohavefoundacoveyofquailclosetothehouseandhappythereweresomanylefttofindonanotherday.Atthehousetheysaidtheboyhadrefusedtoletanyonecomeintotheroom.“Youcan’tcomein,”hesaid.“youmustn’tgetwhatIhave.”IwentuptohimandfoundhiminexactlythepositionIhadlefthim,white-faced,butwiththetopsofhischeeksflushed(發(fā)紅)bythefever,staringstill,ashehadstared,atthefootofthebed.Itookhistemperature.“Whatisit?”“Somethinglikeahundred,”Isaid.Itwasonehundredandtwoandfourtenths.“Itwasahundredandtwo,”hesaid.“Whosaidso?”“Thedoctor.”“Yourtemperatureisallright,”Isaid,“It’snothingtoworryabout.’“Idon’tworry,”hesaid,“butIcan’tkeepfromthinking.”“Don’tthink,”Isaid.“Justtakeiteasy.”“Iamtakingiteasy,”hesaidandlookedstraightahead.Hewasevidentlyholdingtightontohimselfaboutsomething.“Takethiswithwater.”“Doyouthinkitwilldoanygood?”“Ofcourseitwill.”IsatdownandopenedthePiratebookandbegantoread,butIcouldseehewasnotfollowing,soIstopped.“AboutwhattimedoyouthinkIamgoingtodie?”heasked.“What?”“AbouthowlongwillitbebeforeIdie?”“Youaren’tgoingtodie.What’sthematterwithyou?”“Peopledon’tdiewithafeverofonehundredandtwo.That’sasillywaytotalk.”“Iknowtheydo.AtschoolinFrancetheboystoldmeyoucan’tlivewithforty-fourdegrees.I’vegotahundredandtwo.”Hehadbeenwaitingtodieallday,eversincenineo’clockinthemorning.“YoupoorSchatz,”Isaid.“PooroldSchatz.It’slikemilesandkilometers.Youaren’tgoingtodie.That’sdifferentthermometer.Onethatthermometerthirty-sevenisnormal.Onethiskindit’sninety-eight.”“Areyousure?”“Absolutely,”Isaid,“It’slikemiles