2021屆高三高考語法復習介詞講解及提升練習

高考語復習：介詞解及提練習1．表示時間的介詞介詞

用法atoninsince時間點for＋時間段duringuntil/tillbyin/after＋時間段beforeover

表示時間的點，時刻等at：o'clock在6點atdaybreak在黎明表示具體的日子或一個特定的時間或具體的某一天的上午、下午或晚上常有前置定語或后置定語修。onMondayafternoon在周一下午；arainydaymorning一個雨天的上午表示在某段較長的時間內(nèi)thecentury在20世winter在冬季；September在月inthemorning在上午自從…以來長達……在…期間直到……到為；不遲…在之“in＋時間段常將來時連用＋間”常與過去時連用在…之前在期；直到結(jié)Janeinahurrybecausethetotheairportleavesinhalfanhour.Jane很急，因去機場的火車半小時后出發(fā)。InBritain，unusualtohaveabusinessmeetingbreakfast.

在英國，早餐時間開商務會議并不稀奇。[易錯提醒this，，last，next，every，each，(2)“on/upon”“………2．表示方位的介詞介詞atinonacrossthroughoverabove

用法后常接相對較小的地方后常接相對較大的地方或在某一個大的范圍之內(nèi)表示在上。反義詞beneath)表示從的面穿過；在…對面”表示從的部穿過表示從的面跨過反義詞under)指離開物體表面而在其上方，但并不一定是垂直向上。還可指數(shù)目、數(shù)量、水平、年齡超過，多于，大”反詞Thesomebushessawthescream.狗跳過幾叢灌木看到小溪。Thesunlightcameinthroughthewindowsintheroofandthewholeroom.陽光透過天窗，照亮了整個房間。3．表示方式的介詞表示使用的工具、手段、材料時with，on都為用。with多指用具體的具、身體的某部位或器官by側(cè)重指使用某種方法、手段或乘坐某種交通工具in指使用某種語言、筆墨等；多于定詞組中。bytrain乘車ontheradio通過收音onTV通電視；withapencil用筆4．表示除之外的介詞短語

介詞

用

法besidesexceptbutapartother

意為“除之還有，當于inaddition意為“除之別無，接名詞、代詞、介詞短語從句意為“除之”(＝既可相當于besides或inaddition，可相當于exceptfor意為“除之別無”Apartfrom，restaurantdifferentkindsoftraditionalFujian除了優(yōu)質(zhì)的服務外，這個飯店還提供各種各樣的傳統(tǒng)福建菜。[易錯提醒(1)butnobodynonenonothinganythingeveryoneall，doto(2)besides，“，，5．表示原因的介詞短)for，，，thanks，owing，onaccount，aresultofTheopenaircelebrationputoffbecauseofbadweather.因為天氣不好，這次戶外慶祝會被推遲了。Owingtobadweather，flightwasdelayedforcouplehours.由于天氣惡劣，航班延誤了好幾個小時。[易錯提醒，thanksto，”，6．其他常考的介詞介詞againstbeyond

用法違背，反對；倚靠；…為背，襯托(范圍、限度超，……所不能及

bydespiteforwithwithinwithoutoff

程度或增減的幅度；…計盡管(表示目的為表對象或用途給；因為；……來看；贊成，支持和在起；和，跟；具有，有(表示伴)隨著(范圍、程度在…內(nèi)沒有(表示位置在…外面(表示方向偏離；…離開Shedrovesofastattheturnthealmostoffthe她在轉(zhuǎn)彎處開得如此快，以至于車差點偏離公路。Theexercisewasbeyondtheabilitiesoftheclass.這個練習超出了班里大多數(shù)學生的能力。常介短及配高考中的語法填空和短文改錯將更加注重對介詞短語及搭配的考查詞與名詞形容詞與介詞、動詞與介詞形式的搭配是高考考查的難點。常考介詞短語及固定搭配有：1．詞的搭配atatime次，一次atsight乍看bymistake錯誤地incharge主，看管inturn依，轉(zhuǎn)而introuble處困境中onholiday在假

ataloss困惑，不知所措at在飯bytheway順說inreturn作回報inshape健狀況良好onpurpose故地in及，遲早

ontime準inof為紀…inmemoryof為紀念…byhand手onaccountof由approach的方法forthe為thereasonfor的原因

onaverage平inof代inadditionto除onthecontrary與相反onbehalf代表visitto到…的訪問byof借lack缺乏byaccident/chance偶beyondone's夠著inadvance在前頭，事，預先inthelongrun從遠來看beyonddescription無法形容outofbreath/balance上氣不接下失平衡toone'ssurprise/astonishment令人驚/吃驚的是underconstruction/consideration在設(shè)考atthecostof……為代價insupport/favorof持，支援interms/viewof鑒，根據(jù)forthepurposeof為…目forthebenefitof為…的益onthewayto在……的路上onthebasisof以…為基礎(chǔ)

2．與動詞的搭配answerfor對…負責callat拜訪(地點result由approve贊consistof由組think想；考慮到depend/relyon依靠belong屬于

applyfor申refer談；涉及；查閱sufferfrom遭complainof抱dreamof夢call拜訪(人)resultin/leadto導致datefrom/backto追溯到keep/prevent/stopsb.fromdoing阻某人做protect...from保護……不受傷害succeedin在…方面成功3．與形容詞的搭配beof意識到betiredof厭beeagerfor渴望beof對…感到羞恥besureof對有信心；確信befamiliarwithsth.熟悉befamiliarto為……熟悉bepatientwith對有耐心bepleased/satisfied對…滿意bepopularwith受歡

beproudof以……為榮beangrywith對…生氣beabsent缺

bestrictwith對……嚴格beaddicted對上；沉溺beavailableto對…可用；可供使bebeneficialto對…有益處bedevotedto致于，獻身于besimilarto與…相似beconfidentin對……信心beanxiousabout/for憂，擔心becrazyabout熱；著迷becuriousabout對好奇beparticularabout挑besuitable適于4．其他搭配far遠非upto達到；……定after畢，終究aheadof時間，空間在前面；領(lǐng)先5．易錯用的介詞withtheof在的助下undertheleadershipof在…的領(lǐng)導下thearticleinnewspaper報上的文章aholeinthewall墻上的洞abirdintree樹的鳥

onceinwhile偶爾inspiteof盡管；雖然

applesontree樹的蘋果ticketsforconcert音會的票inthedirection著的向setanexample給人樹立榜樣【技法點撥】在語法填空中：1．是否賓語作依據(jù)介詞必須要接賓語，賓語通常由名詞、代詞、動名詞或what從句充當。若空格后是名詞、代詞或動名詞且它們在句中不作主語和動詞的賓語，則要考慮填介詞。2．四種方法來確定所填介(1)根據(jù)介詞短語與謂語的邏輯系；(2)根據(jù)語境含義結(jié)合介詞用法(3)根據(jù)特殊的結(jié)構(gòu)關(guān)系，如接合賓語就只能用with；(4)根據(jù)介詞與動詞等的搭配。鞏提：一單選1．theQRhealthcode,theelderlymanhadtothestation,feelingconfusedand.A．Without...fascinatedB．With...disgustedC．Without...embarrassedD．.disappointed

2．thedragondoesn'texist,wetakeitasymbolofnation.A．Despite...asB．While...asC．..forDWhile...for3．-achievingchildrenhaveemotionalbarrierstoeducationand,______byadults,thesebarriersbecomeevenharderovercome.A．responsetoBinrelationtoC．contrastD．a(chǎn)dditionto4．quickmindedandgoodcommunicating,theyoungmanwasappointedaddressthetoughproblemtheA．termsofBonbehalfC．favorofD．a(chǎn)ccountof5．livingincountrycheap________withthatinbigcities,grandpadecidedtospendtheofhislifeincountry.A．combinationBincomparisonCincontact．connection6．IstudiedinAustralia,myparentsalwayswrote___________me,becausetheythink___________meallthetime.A．．C．D．for,about7．owlwon`tforfood___________theday.Theydonight.A．duringBonC．D．8．Thoughsometimeshemistakes,wedoubthisloyalty_______thecompany.A．BwithC．D．9．a(chǎn)fraidtypeofhumormighta________insuchaformalmeeting.A．ofcharacterB．ofcontextC．useD．outofplace10．PrivilegecomesLatinprivilegium,alawforjustperson,andabenefitenjoyedbyindividualor________what'savailabletoothers.

A．B．consideringC．DbeyondJobswasfiredthepersonhehadhiredandtrustedthefacthewasthewhoco-establishedthecompany.A．despite…C．inspite…that

B．regardless…thatD．a(chǎn)gainst…inwhich12．isaraciallycountry,various民)groupsbringtheirownuniqueflavorstoeachcornerthecountry,whichadds________people'stable.A．greatvarietyofC．toagreatvarietyof

B．varietytoD．greatvarietyto13．willusuallydecoratetheirgarden________shiningcoloredlightsandtheir________brightcolors.A．…throughB．…with．with…inD．14．discussingtheissuewithourprofessor,wethoughtseveralwayshandleit.A．B．C．D．15．ispoliteyoutogiveyourseattothemanonbus.A．B．C．D．a(chǎn)bout16．lateasmiddleofthe19thcenturyvotingwas_____common.EuropeandNorthbelievedthattheyshoulda____intheirgovernmentleaders.A．than,wordB．from,sayCratherthan,wordsDotherthan,saying17．a(chǎn)remany“forcedriders，aresufferingfromtheclimateimpacts_____havingscarcelycontributedtoproblem.A．．thoughCdespiteD．

18．gardenlooksbeautifulwhenrosesare_______.A．B．C．．bloom19．mattersofstyle,swimthecurrent;inmattersofprinciple,standrockA．B．C．D．like20closings,evacuations,shutdowns,emergencyresponseteams,heroes9/11,thecountryvirtuallystoppedwhatitwasdoinggatheredaroundTVscreens.A．thatexceptforC．besides．when21．Beforeyousetoutonlongjourney,you'dbettermakesurethatis________.A．orderC．outoforder

B．orderD．order22．saythemanagermightagreetheplan?________,Iwillnotputitforwardinthemeetingtomorrowmorning.A．nocaseC．Incase

B．a(chǎn)nycaseD．that23．toProfessorSmith,bestapproach________foreignlanguageistostudythespokenlanguage.A．learnC．oflearning

B．learningD．learning24．____ofdetectingdarkmatterintheirfavor,astrophysicistsmaintainunwaveringoptimism.A．theB．a(chǎn)llC．odds．theodds25．introduction________thebookroughlytalksaboutwhethertheintroduction________

independenttaxationdoesgoodtolocalfinancesornot.A．…toBofC．D．…in26．peopleareassuccessfulHarrison________hisage,tohonest,helooksveryyoung________hisage.A．…atBby…forC．…forD．in…at27．memoryfunctioninvolvesmanypartsofbrain,diseaseorinjurythataffectsthebraincaninterfere_________theoftheA．B．C．D．28．really’tknowtodo______yourmotherkindness.A．placeofinsteadofC．of．returnfor29．_________alltheinventorshave_____thatarecuriousaboutthethingsaround.A．B．C．D．30．intheshoppingcenteraresold______.A．dozenBbythedozen．dozensD．thedozens31．—Howaregoingtomakeourlanguageteachingmoreefficient?—______theteachingmethodology.A．BImproving．improvedD．improving32．likestandingtwofourfeetawaypeoplewhentheytalkorwait

line.,AsiansstandmuchA．thecontraryB．a(chǎn)resultC．IncontrastD．a(chǎn)ddition33．mangotshoutedthattheequal______anyboxertheA．B．C．with．of34．youliketosharefirstimpression________thenewschooluniform?A．BonC．D．35．thepassengersonboardsighedwith________whenthecaptainannouncedthatsolvedthemechanicalproblems________theengine.A．relief...forC．grief...for

B．relief...withD．grief...with36．businesspartnerissenior________________twoyears.A．byC．by...to

B．forD．by...for37languageis________communication,sopropergesturesandposturesplayacrucialinourdailyA．C．with

B．D．38．smilecanhelpyouout________situationslanguageseems________.

A．of...adequateC．a(chǎn)dequate

B．of...inadequateD．inadequate39Iwas________askinghimwhatthatworkmightbe,somethinghismannershowedmethatquestionwouldbeunwelcomeone.A．theedgeofC．inthecaseof

B．thepointofD．of40．understandthenatureofthischallenge,firstterms________aphysicalfield.A．theconceptofC．independenceof

B．regardD．ofquestionof答案：1．．．．．．．．．．．．B17．．．．．．B24．C26．D28．．．31．．B34B35．．A37B38．．A二漢英1.盡管她已竭盡全力，還是找不工作）2.雖然困難重重，公司還是信守言解決了顧客投訴中提及的各種問題(despite)3.通常人們認為，如果夜貓子不整自己的作息，要不了多久就會生病(before,subject)請帶上手電以回來前天黑(incase)5.盡管困難重工們還是提前成了任務(despite)6.頒獎儀式上王授祝賀Tom