短語點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)案 人教版英語七年級下冊

知識點(diǎn)梳理知識點(diǎn)一：一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。謂語動詞形式為動詞原形，當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時，動詞用三單形式。（加s/es）一、一般現(xiàn)在時的用法。1.一般現(xiàn)在時表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)：Heistwelve.Sheisatwork.2.表示經(jīng)?；蛄?xí)慣性的動作：Igetupat6:30everyday.3.表示主語具備的性格和能力:Heisoutgoing.ShespeaksFrench.4.普遍的真理和自然規(guī)律：Themoongoesaroundtheearth.Twoplusfourissix.二、常與一般現(xiàn)在時連用的詞及短語1.always總是，usually通常，often常常，sometimes有時，never從不等頻率副詞用于主語之后，動詞之前。Weoftenplaybasketballafterschool.我們經(jīng)常放學(xué)后打籃球。everyday(week,month,year,spring．．．)每天（周，月，春天．．．），OnSundays每個星期天inthemorning/evening/afternoon在早上（中午、晚上）等。三、句型結(jié)構(gòu)：

I.當(dāng)動詞是be時：

謂語動詞be包括

am,is

,are.

其用法是:我用am;你用are;

is用于他她它;所有復(fù)數(shù)都用are.

肯定句：主語+be(am,is,are)+其它。Heisaworker.他是一名工人。否定句：主語+be+not+其它。Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。一般疑問句：Be+主語+其它Isheaworker?他是工人嗎？肯定回答

Yes,主語（代詞）＋be

Yes,heis.是的，他是。

否定回答

No,主語（代詞）＋be＋notNo.heisn’t.注意：必須用縮寫形式

isn't/aren't，amnot不用縮寫。特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句Whatdoeshedo?他是做什么的？2.行為動詞的變化:1)、當(dāng)主語為第一、二人稱(I,weyou)及復(fù)數(shù)時，動詞用原形，變否定句或疑問句時則加助動詞do?？隙ň洌褐髡Z+動詞原形(+其它)。Weplaybasketballafterschool.否定句：主語+don't+動詞原形(+其它)。Wedon’tbasketballafterschool.一般疑問句：Do+主語+動詞原形+其它?Doyoubasketballafterschool?肯定回答

Yes,主語（代詞）＋do.Yes,wedo.

否定回答

No,主語（代詞）＋don’t.No,wedon't.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句？Whatdoyoudoafterschool?2)當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)(he,she,it,單數(shù)名詞)時,動詞用三單形式，變否定句或疑問句時則加助動詞does?？隙ň洌褐髡Z+動詞三單式(+其它)。Heplaysbasketballafterschool.否定句：主語+doesn’t+動詞原形(+其它)。Hedoesn’tplaybasketballafterschool.一般疑問句：Does+主語+動詞原形+其它。Doheplaybasketballafterschool?肯定回答

Yes,主語（代詞）＋does.Yes,hedo.否定回答

No,主語（代詞）＋doesn’t.No,hedoesn’t.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句？Whatdoeshedoafterschool?第三人稱單數(shù)的動詞變化規(guī)則一般情況下動詞直接加srun-runsget-gets以s,x,sh,ch,o結(jié)尾的動詞，加esmiss-missesgo-goeswash-washeswatch-watches以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的動詞，將y改為i加esStudy-studiesfly-flies注意：have-has，y前如果為元音則直接加s:buy-buys,say-says例題1.---_________doesyourfathergotoworkeveryday?---Hegoestoworkbybike.A.WhenB.HowC.WhatD.Where例題2、根據(jù)中文提示完成句子1）.——你在哪里寫你的作業(yè)？——我在電腦上寫。---Where_____________________________________________?---Iwriteitonthecomputer.2）.——接下來這個男孩做什么呢？——他打開書。---__________________theboy__________________?---Heopensthebook.變式1、_________Bill_________twoping-pongballs?A.Do;haveB.Does;haveC.Do;hasD.Does;has變式2、---_________youspell“pen”?---P-E-N,pen.A.HowareB.WhatdoC.HowdoD.Whatare變式3.用動詞所給適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Daniel

and

Tommy_________

(be)

members

of

the

Reading

Club.2.

My

cousin

sometimes

_________

(play)

cards

with

me.3.

His

father

often

_________

(read)

books

in

the

library

on

Saturdays.4._________your

parents_________(read)

newspapers

every

day?5.

_________

he_________(like)

the

World

Cup?6.The

girl_________

(go)

tothenationallibrary

twiceamonth.7.There

_________(be)

some

water

in

the

bottle.8.She

and

I________(take)a

walk

together

every

evening.知識點(diǎn)二：一般過去時表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，也表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動作。常和表示過去的時間狀語連用，動詞要用過去式。一、常與一般過去時連用的詞及短語：時間+ago:amomentago,threeyearsagolast引導(dǎo)的時間短語：lastyear/week/Saturday,justnow(剛才),yesterday，thedaybeforeyesterday(前天)，in1998…，whenIwas5yearsold,...等二、一般過去時的結(jié)構(gòu)：1.Be動詞的一般過去時：主語+be(was/were)...肯定句：主語+was/were+其他.Iwasinthecinemayesterday.否定句：主語+was/were+not+其他?Iwasnotinthecinemayesterday?一般疑問句：Was/Were+主語+其他？Wereyouinthecinemayesterday?肯定回答：Yes,Iwas.否定回答：No,Iwasn’t.2.行為動詞的一般過去時：主語+動詞過去式肯定句：主語+動詞的過去式.IwatchedafilmlastSunday.否定句：主語+didn’t+動詞原形?Ididn’twatchafilmlastSunday.一般疑問句：Did+主語+動詞原形?DidyouwatchafilmlastSunday?肯定回答：Yes,Idid.否定回答：No,Ididn’t.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+以did開頭的一般疑問句?WhatdidyoudolastSunday?三．動詞過去式變化規(guī)則一般在動詞末尾加-edpull-pulledcook-cooked動詞結(jié)尾是e只加dhope-hopedlive-lived末尾只有一個元音字母和一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加-edstop-stoppedship-shipped以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的，變y為istudy-studiedworry-worried不規(guī)則動詞過去式am,is-wasare-were,do-didhave-had2).Therebe句型的一般過去時的句式變化肯定句There+was/were+主語+其他否定句There+wasn’t/weren’t+主語+其他一般疑問句Was/Were+there+主語+其他？肯定答語Yes,therewas/were.否定答語No,therewasn’t/weren’t.例句：Therewasapondinthevillagetenyearsago.十年前這個村莊有一個池塘。Therewasn’tapondinthevillagetenyearsago.十年前這個村莊沒有池塘。Wasthereapondinthevillagetenyearsago?十年前這個村莊有池塘嗎？Yes,therewas.是的，有。No,therewasn’t.不，沒有。例題1、---Wereyouintheclassroomjustnow?---_________.Iwasintheplayground.A.Yes,IwasB.No,Iwasn’tC.Yes,IdidD.No,Ididn’t例題2、根據(jù)中文提示完成句子1）.珍妮是在哪里出生的？__________________jennyborn?2）.她們生于北京。They___________________________Beijing.變式1、I_________playthepianowhenI_________fouryearsold.A.could;wasB.can;wasC.could;amD.can;am變式2、---Lucy,where_________youbornandhowold_________you?---London,andI’mthirteen.A.was;areB.were;areC.are;wasD.are;were變式3、句型轉(zhuǎn)換(1)IwasborninthecityofWeifang.(改為一般疑問句)________________borninthecityofWeifang?(2)MrWangwasmyfirstEnglishteacher.(對畫線部分提問)________________________firstEnglishteacher?變式4.用動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.He

_________(work)

in

that

bank

four

years

ago.2.I

_________(think)of

a

goodidea

just

now.3.I

_________(see)

him

yesterday.4.He_________(come)

to

school

at

6

o’clock

this

morning.5.He

_________(tell)

a

story

to

his

daughter

yesterday.6._________

you

_________(try)

to

call

me

last

night?變式5.寫出下列動詞的過去式形式。1.am／is

_________

do

_________

go

_________

have_________2.isn’t

_________

aren’t

_________

spend_________

cook_________3.read

_________

clean

_________

live

_________

study_________易錯點(diǎn)1.bored，boring1.bored意為“討厭的；煩悶的”，修飾人。2.boring意為“令人厭煩的；令人討厭的”，修飾物。例句：Idon’tlikethelecture.It’stooboring.我不喜歡這個講座。太無聊了。Ihadnothingtodothisafternoon,soIfeltverybored.今天下午我沒事做，所以我感到非常無聊。例題：It’sa_________talk.Ifeel_________whenItalkwiththem.A.boring;boring B.bored;boredC.boring;bored D.bored;boring積累：excited(be~dabout)/excitingsurprised(be~dat)//surprisingamazed(be~dat)//amazinginterested(be~edin)/interestingterrified(beterrifiedat/of/with)/terrifyingpleased(be~dwith)/pleasing,=pleasant2.open和turnon1).open意為“打開”，反義詞為close“關(guān)閉”，通常指把封閉的東西打開，比如“開窗”，“開門”等。2).turnon也表示“打開”，翻譯詞為turnoff“關(guān)上”，通常表示電器的開關(guān)，比如“開電腦”，“開電視”等。例句：MayIopenthewindowforawhile?我能開一會窗么？Turnonthelightwhenitisdark.天黑了就把燈開開。例題：Please_________thewindow,andthenwecanletthefreshairin.A.open B.close C.turnon D.turnoff練習(xí)：1.短文語法填空題．

Ihavebeenworryingaboutsomanyproblemslately．Iamhopingthatyoucangivemesome(1)________(advise)onhowtodealwith(2)________Asyouknow,Ihaveverystrictparents．Theywillnotletmedoanything(3)________myown．Icannotgooutwithfriends(4)________talkwiththemonthephone．Theywantmetohelpoutathome．Iam(5)________busythatIdonothavetimetostudy．Iam(6)________(stress)fromschoolworktoo．ThereissomuchworkandIhavemeanclassmates(7)________alwaysshowofftheirexpensivethings．Theyknowmyfamilyhasmoneyproblemsandtheylikemakingmefeelbadaboutnot(8)________(have)nicethings．Icannotsleepwellatnight(9)________Iamtooworried．Isometimesfeellikerunningawayfromhome．Doyouhaveanysuggestionsonhowtodealwithstress?I(10)________appreciateanytips．2.根據(jù)下列所給句子及所給單詞的首字母，按題號寫出各單詞的完全形式(每空限填一詞)。(1)Ifeelreallysorrywhenshetellsmetherealandt________news:TheairlineMH370crashed