大學(xué)英語(yǔ)第二冊(cè)視聽(tīng)說(shuō)Unit 3

UnitThreeTheGenerationGap

TextAFatherKnowsBetter全新版Book2ObjectivesI.Studentswillbeabletounderstandthefollowingideas:

1.generationgapbetweenparentsandchildren;2.appreciatethebasicelementsofaplay;II.Studentswillbeabletograspthefollowing:

1.Words:

embarrass,dumb,fade,overall,bet,distract,exhaust,interference,constant,junior2.Phrases:

forthesakeof,consistof,keepinsuspense,handdown,atanyrate,narrowdown,comeover,knowbetterthan,fillout,inchargeof.3.Structures:

1)whatever2)knowbetterthanthat/todo3)adjective+todo

Pre-readingActivities

BackgroundInformation OralDiscussion

While-readingActivities

TextOrganization VocabularyandStructure

ExtraActivities

WritingContentsPre-readingActivitiesBackgroundInformationPart-timejobintheU.S.A.

ManyAmericanteenagersearnagoodproportionoftheircollegeexpensesbyworkingduringthesummeraswaitersorwaitresses,constructionworkers,mother’shelpers,gasstationattendants,telephoneoperatorsormessengers.Theyarenotconcernedwithstatus.

Beingunskilled,theytrytofindjobsatwhateverleveltheycan..Play

Themajorcomponentsofaplayincludecharacters,settings,stagedirections,language,conflicts,climaxandthemes.

Conflictsaretheessenceofaplay,aclashofactions,ideas,desiresorwills.Theycanhappeninthreeforms:managainstman,managainstenvironment,managainsthimself.play

Whenaconflictdevelopstothemostintensifiedpoint,itbecomesaclimax.

Setdirectionsareoneimportantpartintheplay.Theirfunctionsaretosetupstagepropertiesintheproperplace;toindicateachangeinsetting;todirectactor’smovement,gesture,facialexpression,toneofvoiceandsoon.Playisoftendividedintocomedyandtragedy.

MajorcomponentsofaplayCharactersStageSettingsDirectionsClimaxThemeConflictsLanguagePlaywright

Aplaywright,unlikeanovelistorshortstorywriter,cannotcomeforward,interrupttheaction,andtelltheaudiencewhathe/shemeansbywhatacertainsceneorexplaintothemwhatisgoingoninthemindsofthedirectors.Theaudiencemustconcludebythemselveswhatthethemeoftheplayis.OralDiscussion1.Doyouprefertolivebyyourselforlivewithyourparents?

Hints:notbad;livealone;morefreedom;loneliness;interruption.

2.Doyoualwaysrememberyourparents’birthday?Whatdoyouusuallydoforthemontheirbirthday?

Hints:celebrate;

gifts;pocketmoney;card;visit;call;expressmylove3.Doyouturntoyourparentsforhelpwhenyouhaveproblems?whyorwhynot?Hints:makethemworryaboutme;Idon’twanttoupsetthemunnecessarily.While-readingActivitiesTheplaycomprisesthreesettings1.Afast-foodrestaurant2.TheThompsonFamilydiningroom3.AnofficeatahighschoolFatherembarrassedDianebypersuadingawork-mateintopressinghissontoaskhertotheseniorpromFatherembarrassedSeanbytalkingtooproudlytotheRestaurantManager.TextOrganizationFatherembarrassedHeidibyboastingtoanofficialofhernewschoolabouthowbrightshewas.Vocabulary1.embarrassvt.(Line10)

Ichosemywordscarefullyinordertoavoidembarrassinganyone.譯makesb.feelawkwardorashamed使窘迫；使不好意思例我小心的選擇用詞以避免使任何人感到尷尬。3)theFrenchembassyinLondon.倫敦的法國(guó)大使館1)

Financialembarrassment

財(cái)務(wù)的困難

2)Anembarrassment(=anover-abundance)ofriches財(cái)富過(guò)多的煩惱Embarrassing

(adj.)

窘迫，局促不安的embarrassment

(n.)

困窘，令人尷尬的事embassy

(n.)

大使館，大使之職務(wù)詞匯擴(kuò)充例Hewassodumbthathelefthiskeysathomeagain.Martinwasborndumb,buthehasstillmanagedtogetagoodjob.馬丁天生就是啞巴，但他仍然找到了一份好工作。他真得很蠢又把鑰匙忘在家里了。2.dumb(adj)(Line16)

譯譯1)(informal)foolish愚蠢的2)unabletospeak啞的例例3.fade

(Line57)1)vi/vt.Losecolororbrightness,freshness,orstrength2)Disappearslowly/graduallyTimehasfadedherbeauty.時(shí)間使青春消失.Thememoryofhersufferingsinherchildhoodwillneverfadefromhermind.她小時(shí)候所受的苦難永遠(yuǎn)也不會(huì)從她心里消失.例例譯CollocationsFadein:1)toappeargradually2)tocausetoappearorbeheardgradually.Usedofacinematicortelevisionimageorofasound.漸強(qiáng)：使逐漸出現(xiàn)或被聽(tīng)見(jiàn)。用于電影或電視的圖像或聲音。Fadeout:(theopposite)4.overall

(adj/adv/n.)(Line61)Adj.1)Fromoneendtotheothertheoveralllengthofthehouse2)Includingeverything;comprehensivetheoverallcostsofmedicalcare3)Regardedasawhole;generalMyoverallimpressionwasfavorable例例例Adv.onthewhole;generallyenjoyedtheperformanceoverall.

總的來(lái)說(shuō)，這次演出是受歡迎的。N.1)(British)

一種寬松的起保護(hù)作用的外衣，罩衫2)寬松的褲子，工裝褲。例譯besure敢說(shuō)，確信

Ibetshewaslateforthemeetingonpurpose.

我敢說(shuō)她是故意遲到的。

Ibethe’llchangehismindagain.

我確信他又要改變主意了。5.bet

v.(Line79)例例譯譯take(sb.attention)awayfromsth.esp.forashorttime(usedinthepattern;distractsb./sth.;distractsb./sth.from)使分心

Tomadmitsthatplayingcomputergamessometimesdistractshimfromhishomework.

湯姆承認(rèn)玩電游有時(shí)候會(huì)讓他寫(xiě)家庭作業(yè)時(shí)分心。

Passengersarerequestednottodistractthedriver’sattentionwhileheisdriving.

乘客被要求不能在司機(jī)駕駛時(shí)讓他分心。6.distractv.

(Line81)例例譯譯n.steam,vapor,etcthathasdoneitswork.(機(jī)器等之)排氣口；排出之廢氣

exhaust-pipe排氣管Vt.1)useupcompletely;用盡，耗盡

2)makeempty;使空

3)say,findout,allthereistosayabout(sth.)詳論；詳盡闡述7.exhaustn./vt.

(Line129)例

1)Afterexhaustingallherreadyexcuses,shecouldthinkofnothingelsetosay.

用完準(zhǔn)備好的所有借口，她想不到還有什么可以說(shuō)的。

2)exhaustatubeofair抽盡管中空氣

3)exhaustasubject詳論一問(wèn)題

exhaustiveadj.thorough;complete完全的，徹底的

anexhaustiveinquiry徹查例譯unwantedorunnecessaryinvolvementinsth.(followedbyin/with)Herparents’continualinterferenceinouraffairsirritatedme.

她的父母不斷的干涉我們的事情惹怒了我。

Yourinterferenceinhisprivateaffairsisunreasonable.

你干涉他的私事是沒(méi)有道理的。8.Interferencev.(Line167)例例譯譯N.

1)somethingthatisunchangingorinvariable2)abbr.c,C,const3)(maths,phys)numberorquantitythatdoesnotvary.(物，數(shù))恒量，永恒量9.constantn./adj.(Line167)Adj.1)continuallyoccurring;persistent經(jīng)常的，不斷的，屢見(jiàn)的，永恒的

--constantrain/constanttrouble2)unchanginginnature,value,orextent;invariable.固定的

--constantspeed3)steadfastinpurpose,loyalty,oraffection;faithful(faithful,steady)堅(jiān)定的，忠實(shí)地

--aconstantfriend例例例Adj.1)abbr.jr.Jr.Jun.jun.jnr.Usedtodistinguishasonfromhisfatherwhentheyhavethesamegivenname2)intendedfororincludingyouthfulpersons

juniorfashion;年輕人的時(shí)尚

ajuniorsportsleague.少年球隊(duì)10.Junior:adj.n.(Line197)

3)lowerinrankorshorterinlengthoftenure--ajuniorofficer;--thejuniorsenatorfromTexas.…新議員4)studentsinthethirdyearofahighschoolorcollege

--thejuniorclass--thejuniorprom大學(xué)三年極生舉辦的舞會(huì)Phrases

inorderto為了……1.forthesakeof

(序言)例譯1.Lifeispreciousandloveismorevaluable,yetforthesakeoffreedombothcanbesacrificed.1.生命誠(chéng)可貴，愛(ài)情價(jià)更高，若為自由故，二者借可拋。例2.Somereadforthesakeofthink,thesearerare;someforthesakeofwrite,thesearecommon;andsomereadforthesakeoftalk,andtheseformthegreatmajority.譯有些人為思考而讀書(shū)，這種人罕見(jiàn)；有些人為寫(xiě)作而讀書(shū)，這種人常見(jiàn)；有些人為搜集談話的資料而讀書(shū)，這些人我們天天看見(jiàn)。例譯1.Theworldconsistsofthreeclassesofmen-loversofwisdom,loversofhonor,loversofgain.

bemadeupof由……構(gòu)成2.Consistof

(Line20)世界上有三種人，愛(ài)智的人，愛(ài)名的人，愛(ài)利的人。

consist:不及物動(dòng)詞，與介詞of一起連用，不用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。Consist的主語(yǔ)表示事物的整體，賓語(yǔ)表示事物的組成部分。

compose:主語(yǔ)表示事物的組成部分，賓語(yǔ)表示事物的整體，但在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中正好相反。近義詞辨析例Waterconsistsofhydrogenandoxygen.譯水由氫和氧組成。例譯Wateriscomposedofhydrogenandoxygen.水由氫和氧組成。

comprise:

主語(yǔ)表示事物的組成部分，賓語(yǔ)表示事物的整體，也可以表示“由…構(gòu)成”，此時(shí)主語(yǔ)表示事物的整體。

constitute:主語(yǔ)表示事物的組成部分，賓語(yǔ)表示事物的整體例譯例譯Thecommitteecomprisestenpeople.委員會(huì)由十人組成。Sevendaysconstituteaweek.七天為一周。

whatevermayhappen;inanycase無(wú)論如何，不管怎么樣3.atanyrate

(Line122)例Atanyrate,yousurvivedthecaraccident.譯不管怎麼樣，你在車(chē)禍中存活下來(lái)了。birthrate

出生率

firstrate

一流的

atthis/thatrate

這樣/那樣的話照這樣/那樣的情形

rateofexchange

匯率短語(yǔ)擴(kuò)充bewiseorwell-trainedenoughtodosth.明白事理而不至于做某事4.Knowbetterthanthat/todo

(Line158)例譯Youshouldknowbetterthantolookmourn-fullyintothepast.Itcomesnotbackagain.Wiselyimprovethepresent:itisyours.不要悲哀地回憶過(guò)去,它已經(jīng)一去不復(fù)返,明智地把握現(xiàn)在,它才是屬于你的。例譯LifeisjustlikeCard-Playing,weshouldknowbetterthantoexpectwecanalwaysholdace,afterall,lifeconsistsnotinholdinggoodcards,butinplayingwellthoseyouhold.人生就像是玩紙牌,我們不要期待總是會(huì)拿到A,畢竟人生不在于你掌握了一手好牌,而在于打好你手中的牌.ParaphrasingandTranslation1....Life’sdangeroussea(Line47)Heretheauthorusesametaphor.Hecompareslifetoanarduousseavoyage.例aseaoftrouble譯憂愁之海例Alltheworld’sastage.譯整個(gè)世界一臺(tái)戲。2.why,backinmyday…(line134)Well,whenIwasyoung…(wedidn’tbehavelikethat)(Itimpliesagapbetweentheyoungergenerationandtheoldergeneration.)譯唉，在我那個(gè)時(shí)候……SentenceStructures—Doyouhelpyourparentswithhousework?(do,can)—Yes,_______________________—Ihaveasurpriseforyou.(be)—Whateveritis,don’tkeepusinsuspense例例IdowhateverIcan.2)—Youhavesuchawonderfulcollectionofoilpaintings,Mr.Benson!(it,be,you,like)—___________________________,takeitasaweddinggiftfromanoldman.Whateveritisthatyoulike1)Yououghttobewiseenoughnottogoswimmingrightafterlunch.2.Father,youshouldbewiseenoughnottooverpraisemeinfrontofMrs.Higgins—Father,youshouldknowbetterthanto

overpraisemeinfrontofMrs.Higgins.—Yououghttoknowbetterthantogoswimmingrightafterlunch.2)Jennyisoldenoughtohavemoresensethantospendallhertimeplayingcomputergames.

—Jennyisoldenoughtoknowbetterthantospendallhertimeplayingcomputergames.GrammaticalStructures1.You’resoeagertofindout(line.143)形容詞后的動(dòng)詞不定式小結(jié)：形容詞后的動(dòng)詞不定式某些作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的形容詞后面可加不定式短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)。句子的主語(yǔ)也是不定式邏輯上的主語(yǔ)。這類(lèi)形容詞包括:3）表示可能或適宜，如bale,adequate,free,Capable,certain,competent,liable,fit,safe,etc.這次考試她肯定考得好。他不適宜獨(dú)自生活。譯譯例She’snotfittolivebyherself.例She’scertaintodowellintheexamination.1）表示人的情緒和感情，如angry,annoyed,Bored,content,delighted,disappointed,glad,Happy,impatient,indignant,puzzled,etc.Theyareproudtobelongtosuchafineteam.他們?yōu)閷儆谶@么好的一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)而自豪。譯譯例Iwashappytoseethemagain例再次見(jiàn)到他們我很高興。2）表示意愿，如afraid,anxious,curious,determined,eager,hesitant,inclined,keen,Resolved,loath,willing,etc.Heseemssomewhatloathtopart.我比較信任他。譯譯例I‘minclinedtotrusthim.例他似乎有不愿離去之意4）對(duì)行為，動(dòng)作進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)，如absurd,careful,Careless,clever,kind,nice,silly,etc.不過(guò)，這類(lèi)形容詞更常用be…+of…+不定式謝謝你在我生病的時(shí)候來(lái)看我。他不小心把杯子打破了。譯譯例Hewascarelesstobreakthecup.例ItwaskindofyoutovisitmewhenIwasill.5）此外還有fortunate,lucky,prompt,quick,slow等一類(lèi)形容詞那次事故后，你大難不死真夠幸運(yùn)的。Hisopponentswerequicktotakeadvantageofhismistake.譯譯例You