著名英語報刊

SelectedReadingsfromEnglishNewspapersandPeriodicals

GeneralIntroductionLOGOLearningAimsSignificanceofNewspaperReading

TheBasicLayoutofEnglishNewspapersGeneralFeaturesofNewsEnglishDifferentStylesofNewsArticlesNewspapersintheUSandBritishLOGOSelectedReadingsfromEnglishNewspapersandPeriodicals

I.TheSignificanceofNewspaperReading

LOGOSelectedReadingsfromEnglishNewspapersandPeriodicals

1.GoodlearningResourcesforEnglishlearnersfortherichvocabulary,whichincludesvariousidioms,commonsayingsanddiversephrases.2.EnablethelearnerstoenhancetheirreadingabilitybyprovidingauthenticEnglishlearningmaterial.3.Broadenthereaders’horizon,beingthemajoraccesstoworldnews.4.Goodhelperforthelearnerstoimprovetheirwritingskill,duetotheexpertuseofvariouswritingtechniqueslikepersonification,ironyetc.infeatures

.LOGOSelectedReadingsfromEnglishNewspapersandPeriodicals

II.BriefIntroductiontoAmericanandBritishnewspapersandmagazines

LOGOBroadsheetsandtabloidsNewspapersmaybeclassifiedintotwotypesbypagesize:broadsheetnewspapersandtabloids.Broadsheetnewspapersareserious,alsocalledqualitypapersTheNewYorkTimes,theWashingtonPost,theChristianScienceMonitorTabloidsarealsocalledpopularpapersNewYorkPostLOGOBroadsheetsVS.TabloidsBroadsheets(嚴肅性報紙

)aimatwealthiersocio-economicsectionderiveahigherproportionofincomefromadvertisingTabloids(小報)aimatthemassderiveahigherproportionofincomefromcirculationfigureTheSun,forexample,whichisatabloid,isthebiggest-sellingnewspaperinBritain.LOGONewspapersintheUSTherearemorethan1500dailynewspapersintheUS.Eachoneisusuallysoldonlyinonepartofthecountry,e.g.inacity,buttheycovernationalandinternationalnews.Inlargercitiesthereisoftenmorethanonenewspaperandthedifferentonesexpressdifferentpoliticalopinions.LOGONewspapersintheUSSomenewspapersaresoldinnearlyallpartsoftheUS.E.g.USAtoday,thenationaleditionoftheNewYorkTimes.Twoothernewspapers,theLosAngelesTimesandtheWashingtonPostareknownandrespectedallovertheUSbutcannotbeboughteverywhere.LOGOAmericanmajorpapers

TheNewYorkTimes

TheWashingtonPostLosAngelesTimesUSATodayTheWallStreetJournalTheChristianScienceMonitorInternationalHeraldTribune《紐約時報》《華盛頓郵報》《洛杉磯時報》《今日美國報》《華爾街日報》《基督教科學箴言報》《國際先驅(qū)論壇報》LOGOAmericanmajorpapers

FreePress

ChicagoSun-Times

NewYorkDailyNewsBostonGlobeDalasMorningNewsSanFranciscoChronicle《自由新聞報》《芝加哥太陽時報

》《紐約每日新聞

》《波士頓環(huán)球報

》《達拉斯晨報

》《舊金山紀事報

》LOGOAmericanmajornewsmagazines

TimeNewsweekReader’sDigestFortuneBusinessWeekFarEasternReview《時代》周刊

《新聞周刊》《讀者文摘》《財富》雜志《商業(yè)周刊》《遠東經(jīng)濟評論》LOGOThethreemostinfluentialnewspapersintheUSTheWashingtonPost()TheNewYorkTimes

()USAToday

()LOGONewspapersintheUK英國報刊英國報刊發(fā)行與美國不盡相同，國內(nèi)外財團控制的大報業(yè)集團的報紙占全英發(fā)行量的90%，這些大集團以往又都是集中在倫敦市中心的報業(yè)中心“艦隊街”（FleetStreet）。因此，F(xiàn)leetStreet常用來借喻倫敦或英國“報界”或“新聞界”。現(xiàn)在為了改善發(fā)行和促進在海外銷售，有的已移往倫敦其他地區(qū)或城市，甚至海外，如《衛(wèi)報》就在德國發(fā)行國際版，而《金融時報》就直接在德國、美國和日本等國印刷發(fā)行。英國報紙按風格和內(nèi)容分為quality/popular/mid-marketpapers,

“質(zhì)量類”報紙是嚴肅性大開張（broadsheet）的全國性日報，有很高的編輯水平，讀者對象是受過較高教育的上層和中產(chǎn)階級人士。DailyExpress《每日快報》、DailyMail《每日郵報》、DailyMirror《每日鏡報》、DailyStar《每日明星報》、TheSun《太陽報》都是“通俗類”小報，消息不如qualitypapers那樣嚴肅可靠，往往追求轟動效應(yīng)。如《太陽報》就以刊登英國王室成員和政界人士的桃色新聞和美女照片而“著稱”。其發(fā)行量居首位。讀者基本是工人階級和中產(chǎn)階級?！爸虚g市場類”指介于這兩者之間的報紙。LOGOQualityNewspapersintheUK(broadsheets)《泰晤士報》TheTimes

《衛(wèi)報》TheGuardian《觀察家報》TheObserver

《獨立報》TheIndependent《每日電訊報》TheDailyTelegraph《金融時報》TheFinancialTimes《星期日電訊報》SundayDispatch《星期日泰晤士報》TheSundayTimes

LOGOPopularNewspapersintheUK(tabloids)《太陽報》TheSun《每日快報》TheDailyExpress《每日郵報》TheDailyMail

《每日鏡報》DailyMirror《星期日快報》TheSundayExpress

《世界新聞報》TheNewsoftheWorld

LOGOMajorNewsAgencies

美英通訊社簡介

西方報紙、電臺和電視等新聞，許多都是由通訊社提供的。下面介紹的是英美四大通訊社。

1．AP(abbrev.AssociatedPress)(美國)美聯(lián)社，成立于1848年，總部設(shè)在紐約市。1976年就已有1，181家美國日報和約3，462家廣播電臺和電視臺接受該社提供的新聞服務(wù)，現(xiàn)在它是世界最大的通訊社。

2．UPI(abbrev.UnitedPressInternational)(美國)合眾國際社，成立于1907年，它開創(chuàng)了一些重要的新聞報道業(yè)務(wù)，如它于1925年開辦了新聞圖片等服務(wù)。在20世紀70年代末，該社就為100多個國家的4，503家客戶服務(wù)。它有250多個分社向外提供新聞。

3．Reuters(abbrev.Reuter’sNewsAgency)(英國)路透社，1851年由路透(PaulJuliusReuter)創(chuàng)建，總部設(shè)在倫敦。它是一家商業(yè)性通訊社。20世紀60年代以來，它播發(fā)經(jīng)其壓縮的來自諸如中國等國的新聞報道，美國也有幾十家報紙定購該社的新聞?，F(xiàn)在其業(yè)務(wù)已遍及全球150多個國家。該社擁有91個國家14，800名職員，1，800名記者，138個分社。

4．PA(abbrev.PressAssociation)(英國)報紙聯(lián)合社，它通過該社的新聞（PANews）、體育（PASport）和數(shù)據(jù)設(shè)計(PADataDesign)這三家公司而成為英國的全國新聞社，為報紙、廣播電臺和電視臺提供全方位的新聞和信息服務(wù)。LOGOMajorNewsAgenciesA.P.(AssociatedPress)UPI(UnitedPressInternational)Reuters(Reuter’sNewsAgency)PA(PressAssociation)DPAAFPANSA（美國）美聯(lián)社

（美國）合眾社（英國）路透社（英國）報紙聯(lián)合社（德國）德新社

（法國）法新社（意大利）安莎社Majorproviderofnewsfornewspapers,radiosandTVstationsLOGOReferences

www.guardian.co.uk

www.

www.mirror.co.uk

《泰晤士報》：TheTimes

《衛(wèi)報》：TheGuardian

《金融時報》：TheFinancialTimes《每日電訊報》：TheDailyTelegraph

《太陽報》：TheSun

《紐約時報》:TheNewYorkTimes

《華盛頓郵報》：TheWashingtonPost

《洛杉磯時報》：LosAngelesTimes

《國際先驅(qū)論壇報》：InternationalHeraldTribune

《華爾街日報》：TheWallStreetJournal

《今日美國》：USAToday《經(jīng)濟學人》：TheEconomist《時代》：Time

《財富》：Fortune

《新聞周刊》：Newsweek

《商業(yè)周刊》：BusinessWeek

LOGOSelectedReadingsfromEnglishNewspapersandPeriodicals

III.EnglishnewspapertermsLOGOEnglishnewspapertermsFLAG

Thenewspaper'snameasitappearsatthetopofthefirstpage;alsoknownasthelogotypeornameplate.HEADLINE

Wordsinlargetypeatthetopofastorytellingwhatthestoryisabout;alsocalledahead.BYLINE

Thereporter'sname,whichappearsattheheadofanewsorpicturestory.LOGOEnglishnewspapertermsDATELINE

Wordsatthebeginningofastorythatgivethestory'splaceoforigin.NEWSSTORY

Astoryaboutanewsevent.CUTLINE

Explanatoryinformationunderapictureorillustration;alsocalledacaption.LEAD

Thefirstparagraphortwoofanewsstory,tellingwho,what,when,where,why/how.

LOGOnewspapertermsALLEY

Thewhitespacebetweenthecolumnsofnewsstories.NEWSSERVICES

JUMP

Tocontinueastoryfromonepagetoanother.LOGOSelectedReadingsfromEnglishNewspapersandPeriodicals

IV.Newspapercontents&Sections

LOGONewspapercontents&Sections報刊內(nèi)容與版面編排

一般而言，英美報刊常見的新聞報道中有以下這幾方面讀者感興趣的內(nèi)容：

1．政治與政府(politicsandgovernment)

2．災(zāi)難(disasters)

3．犯罪與訴訟(crimeandcourts)

4．商業(yè)(business)

5．罷工、示威游行及糾紛(strikes,demonstratesanddisputes)

6．戰(zhàn)爭和恐怖主義活動(warandterrorism)

7．環(huán)境(environment)

8．名人(famouspeople)

9．體育(sports)

10.娛樂(entertainments)LOGONewspapercontents&SectionsNewsFeaturesSportsBusinessEditorial/OP-EdClassifiedsScienceandTechnologyLifeHealthEntertainment新聞版

專題報道版/特寫

體育版

財經(jīng)版

社論版/專欄版分類廣告版科技版生活版醫(yī)療保健版娛樂版LOGOSelectedReadingsfromEnglishNewspapersandPeriodicals

IV.MajorDifficultiesofReadingEnglishNewspapersLOGOMajorDifficultiesspecialwritingstyle:achatty,slangy,up-to-the-momentwayofwriting;2.NewsEnglishisrichinpuns(雙關(guān))，overtones(弦外之音)，andvariouswordgamesbymeansofpolysemy(一詞多義),synonym(同義詞)andantinomy(反義詞).

3.Westernjournalistsliketoquotetheclassicsintheirreports,solackofnecessaryculturalbackgroundknowledgewillleadtoconfusionLOGOExample

thethrillofvictoryandtheagonyofdefeat？譯:勝利的激動和失敗的痛苦。這是美語中常見的一種說法，經(jīng)常用于運動賽事。此為報刊新聞中的常用表達法，會經(jīng)常遇到。LOGOExample

Sofar,theEuropeanCommissioniswaryofencouragingGypsiestopresentthemselvesasanation.Thatmight,itisfeared,openaPandora’sbox

alreadycontainingBasques,Corsicans

andotherawkwardpeoples.(TheEconomist)

Pandora’sbox潘多拉之魔盒，典出希臘神話。比喻“災(zāi)難之源”或“由于不明智的干預(yù)而引起許多難以解決的復(fù)雜問題”。LOGOExample1CurvaceousPatriciaPotts,thegirlwiththesmashingsilhouettewhowasScunthorpe’s

DishoftheMonthinOctober—thedishiestinthearea—wasdishedupwithadishoftroubleonherwayhomefrombingolastnight.Twowould-bemuggerstrieditoninDarkStreetnearherhome,butshesentthempackingwithhandbaga-whirling,nailsascratchingandplatformclogsa-kicking.LOGOExample

TheideaofMarchloomsasacrucialtime.PollsterRichardWirthlinandCounsellorEdMeesehavewarnedthepresidentthatjustaboutnowPresidentCarterbegantoyieldtooutsideclamor.Helosthispowerthroughretreat（退卻）

andvacillation（動搖猶豫）.(Time)“ideaofMarch”指古羅馬日歷的三月十五日，比喻“危險即將來臨的日期”。典出莎士比亞悲劇JuliusCaesar(《裘力斯?愷撒》)。LOGOSelectedReadingsfromEnglishNewspapersandPeriodicals

IV.EssentialTechniquesforReadingEnglishNews

1.FamiliaritywithnewsEnglishvocabulary

2.Accumulationofvariousworldknowledgeishighlyimportant

LOGOEnglish-ChineseTermsinJournalismaccuracy

準確objectivity

客觀brevity

簡潔balanceandfairnessn.

平衡和公平anecdote

趣聞,軼事documentary

文獻breakingnews

突發(fā)新聞broadsheet

大報tabloid小報delayedlead

延緩式導(dǎo)語directlead

直接式導(dǎo)語

LOGOcoverstory

封面文章dateline

日期行by-line

署名行caption

圖片說明,小標題headline

標題highlight

提要deadline

交稿最后期限body

(新聞)主體end

(新聞)結(jié)尾column

(報紙版面上的)欄目,專欄English-ChineseTermsinJournalismLOGOcolumnist

專欄作家freelancer

自由撰稿人correspondent

記者(reporter?Journalist?)editor

編輯

editor’snotes/Eds.編者按eye-catching

搶眼的newsfeatures

新聞特寫flash

快訊follow-upstory

后續(xù)報道newslead

(新聞)導(dǎo)語English-ChineseTermsinJournalismLOGOgatekeeper

看門人(guesswhatitmeans?)thewatchdogrole