高中英語人教版Unit3Underthesea（全國一等獎(jiǎng)）

第三單元過關(guān)檢測(cè)(時(shí)間:90分鐘滿分:120分)Ⅰ.閱讀理解(共12小題;每小題分,滿分30分)A導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào)53070022ThePortugueseman-o-war(僧帽水母),commonlycalledthebluebottleinAustralia,isanotherstingingjellyfish(水母).Itiswidelyseenthroughoutthewarmerseasoftheworld,especiallyintheAustraliansummermonthsinshallow,coastal,itisnotuncommontofindthousandsofPortugueseman-o-warfloatingingroupsoffthepopularsurfingbeachesinQueensland,Australia.Actually,thebluebottleisnotasingleseaanimal,butconsistsalargecolonyofsmallermarineorganisms(有機(jī)體).Itisalarge,gas-filled,bladder-like(膽狀物)bluefloat,whichcanbeupto30centimetersinlengthandriseabovethewaterasmuchas15floathasacrestwhichisusedmuchasasailtopushthecolonyacrossthewaterwhenthewindblows.Groupsofpolypsareattachedtotheundersideofthebluebladder,andverylongtentacles(觸手)extendfromeachoftheofthetentacleshasstingingcellsthatarecapableofkillingfishupto10centimeterspoisonfromthestingingcellscausesbreathingproblemsandmuscleweakness,anditisthroughtheseactionsthatthebluebottlecatchesandkillsitsvictims.Althoughthestingfromthebluebottleisnotasdeadlytohumansastheboxjellyfish,apersonwhocomesintocontactwithabluebottlewillstillsufferastingcancauseserioussideeffectsincludingfever,shockandbreathingseverepainfromthestingmaylastabouttwohours,anddependingupontreatment,thepainwillusuallydisappearinsevenusual,quickbuteffectivefirstaidtreatmentforthestingfromabluebottleistopourvinegarovertheareaofthestingandoverthetentacles,beforeremovingthetentaclesfromtheskin.doesthePortugueseman-o-wargetitsnamebluebottle?theblueoceanitlivesin.theseaplantsitfeedson.thecolourandshapeofitsbody.thepolypsthatareattachedtoit.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Itisalarge,gas-filled,bladder-like(膽狀物)bluefloat...”可知,僧帽水母是一種大型的,藍(lán)色的充滿氣體的膽狀浮游物,由此可知bluebottle這個(gè)名字應(yīng)該是來自這種海洋生物的顏色和外形。答案：Cwithboxjellyfish,thebluebottle.

’tlikeattackinghumanbeingstoliveinacolderenvironment’tbefoundoffthebeachesinQueenslandnotasharmfultohumansasboxjellyfish解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段可知,人類有時(shí)也會(huì)受到僧帽水母的攻擊,因此A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤;根據(jù)第一段的“Itiswidelyseenthroughoutthewarmerseasoftheworld...”可知,僧帽水母喜歡的是溫?zé)岬沫h(huán)境,因此B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤;根據(jù)第一段的最后一句可知C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤;因此正確答案為D項(xiàng),其依據(jù)在末段的“Althoughthestingfromthebluebottleisnotasdeadlytohumansastheboxjellyfish...”可知箱水母對(duì)人類的侵害是致命的,而僧帽水母不是。答案：Dbluebottlecatchesandkillsitsvictimsbecause.

victimsareweakerinstrengththanthebluebottlecanswimfasterthanmostofitsvictimsbreathesoutpoisonousgasesfromitscellspoisonitgivesoffmakesitsvictimsunabletoescape解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“Thepoisonfromthestingingcellscausesbreathingproblemsandmuscleweakness,anditisthroughtheseactionsthatthebluebottlecatchesandkillsitsvictims.”可知,僧帽水母的細(xì)胞中釋放出的毒素會(huì)讓它的獵物出現(xiàn)呼吸困難和肌肉無力,這樣它們就無法逃脫,只能等死了。答案：Damanisstungbythebluebottle,he.

sufferfromasharpseverepainstopbreathinginsevenhoursonlygotothehospitaltogettreateddrinksomevinegartoreducepain解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)末段的“Theseverepainfromthestingmaylastabouttwohours...”可知,雖然僧帽水母不會(huì)使人致命,但是被它刺傷后,人會(huì)感到劇痛。答案：ABMonday,June8,2023isWorldOceanDay,whichtheUnitedNationssettoprotect80percentoflifeonEarthdependsonoceansandcoasts,andmorethanathirdofhumansliveincoastalareasoronsmallprovidemankindwithmorethan$21trillioneveryyearingoodsandservices,includingfood,energy,transportationandfun.Butoceansareincreasinglyunderthreatfrompollution,overfishing,destructionofhabitats,andtheeffectsofincreasedaresometipstopreservetheoceansforfuturegenerations.Reduceyourplasticwasteformslargefloatingislandsinthemiddleofoceans,givingofftoxins(毒素)andkillingsealife,includingturtles,birds,andofplasticones,usereusableshoppingbags.Overfishingaffectsthemajorityoftheworld’schoosesustainable(可持續(xù)的)seafoodatastoreorarestaurant.Chooseenvironmentallyfriendlyhouseholdcleaners!Besidesbeingbetterforyourownhealth,theseproductsaresaferfortheenvironmentsincewhatgoesdownthedraincanendupinouroceans.Dobackgroundresearchbeforegoingonayoustayinahotelonthecoast,askstaffwhathappenstotheirwastewaterandswimmingpoolwater,andiftheygettheirrestaurantfishfromsustainablesources.Keepyourbeachvisitvisitingthebeach,takeyourtrashwithyouandleaveplants,birdsandwildlifealonesoeveryonecanenjoythem.Celebratepartinactivitiesthatrestoreandcelebrateorganizationsthatworktoprotectoceans.Alsoyoucanaskpeoplearoundyou,whatevertheirage,tojoinyouinprotectingoceans.caninferfromthefirstparagraphthat.

areimportanttohumanslivingthingsonEarthdependonoceansandcoastsofhumansliveincoastalareasoronsmallislandsOceanDaywassetupbytheUnitedStates解析：推理判斷題。由第二、三句可知,本段強(qiáng)調(diào)了海洋對(duì)人類的重要性。答案：Aunderlinedword“preserve”inthe2ndparagraphistheclosestinmeaningto“”.

解析：詞義猜測(cè)題。下面給出的是幾項(xiàng)保護(hù)海洋的措施,因此preserve在此處意思接近protect。答案：DofthefollowingtipstoprotectoceansisNOTmentionedinthepassage?ridofwaterwastecarefully.theuseofplastics.yourbeachtrashwithyou.partinactivitiesaboutprotectingoceans.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章中提到了B、C、D三項(xiàng),A項(xiàng)沒有提到。答案：Awhichpartofamagazinewouldyoumostprobablyreadthepassage?life. travel.business. protection.解析：推理判斷題。本文告訴大家如何保護(hù)海洋。因此最可能出現(xiàn)在“環(huán)保”版塊。答案：DC導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào)53070023(2023四川,D)Theircheerysongbrightensmanyawinter’srobinsareindangerofwearingthemselvesoutbysingingtooaresingingallnight—aswellasduringtheday,British-basedresearcherssay.DavidDominoni,ofGlasgowUniversity,saidthatlightfromstreetlamps,takeawaysignsandhomesisaffectingthebirds’biologicalclocks,leadingtothembeingwideawakewhentheyshouldbeasleep.DrDominoni,whoisputtingcamerasinsidenestingboxestotracksleepingpatterns,saidlackofsleepcouldputthebirds’healthatstudyshowsthatwhenrobinsareexposedtolightatnightinthelab,itleadstosomegenesbeingactiveatthewrongtimeofthemorebirdsareexposedtolight,themoreactivetheyareatnight.Hetoldpeopleataconference,“Therehavebeenacoupleofstudiessuggestingtheyareincreasingtheirsongoutputatnightandduringthedaytheyarestillisacostlybehaviourandittakesbyincreasingtheirsongoutput,theremightbesomecostsofenergy.”AnditisnotjustrobinsthatarebeingkeptawakebyartificialandseagullsarealsobeingmoreDominonisaid,“InGlasgowwhereIlive,gullsareaserioushavepeoplecomingtomesaying‘Youarethebirdyouhelpuskillthesegulls?’.Duringthebreeding(繁殖)season,betweenAprilandJune,theyareveryactiveatnightandverynoisyandpeoplecan’tsleep.”AlthoughDrDominonihasonlystudiedlightpollution,otherresearchconcludedthatrobinslivinginnoisycitieshavestartedtosingatnighttomakethemselvesheardoverloudnoise.However,somebirdsthrive(興旺)innoisystudyfromCaliforniaPolytechnicUniversityfoundmorehummingbirdsinareaswithheavyindustrialisthoughtthattheyarecapitalisingontheirpredators(天敵)fleeingtoquieterareas.toDrDominoni’sstudy,whatcausesrobinstosingsomuch?breedingseason.lightinmodernlife.dangerousenvironment.noisefromheavymachinery.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段中的“...lightfromstreetlamps,takeawaysignsandhomesisaffectingthebirds’biologicalclocks,leadingtothembeingwideawakewhentheyshouldbeasleep.”可知,街燈、外賣店的招牌和住宅產(chǎn)生的人造燈光會(huì)影響鳥的生物鐘,導(dǎo)致它們?cè)诒緫?yīng)睡眠的夜間十分清醒。故B項(xiàng)正確。答案：Bistheresearchers’concernovertheincreaseofbirds’songoutput?environmentmightbepolluted.birds’healthmightbedamaged.industrycostmightbeincreased.people’shearingmightbeaffected.解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句話“...byincreasingtheirsongoutput,theremightbesomecostsofenergy.”可以推斷,這些鳥的健康可能會(huì)受損害,所以B項(xiàng)正確。答案：Bdoestheunderlinedword“nocturnal”inParagraph5mean?atnight.atnight.duringtheday. duringtheday.解析：詞義猜測(cè)題。分析“Anditisnotjustrobinsthatarebeingkeptawakebyartificiallight.Blackbirdsandseagullsarealsobeingmorenocturnal.”可以判斷,畫線單詞和awake屬于含義相近的詞,都表示光污染也會(huì)使它們清醒或者活躍。nocturnal意為“夜間活動(dòng)的”,故A項(xiàng)正確。答案：Adosomebirdsthriveinnoisyenvironments?therearefewerdangers.thereismorefoodtoeat.thereislesslightpollution.therearemoreplacestotakeshelter.解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Itisthoughtthattheyarecapitalisingontheirpredators(天敵)fleeingtoquieterareas.”可以判斷因?yàn)樘鞌橙チ烁察o的地區(qū),所以它們的生存可能性更大了。故A項(xiàng)正確。答案：AⅡ.七選五(共5小題;每小題2分,滿分10分)HowtoForgivetheUnforgivablePeoplehurtoneanotherallthewhathappenswhenyouexperienceahurtthatcutsyousodeeplythatyoucanseenowaytoeverforgivethatperson?Usethesestepstorecoveryourlife.?13

Makethedecisiontomaysoundall,ifyouareherereadingthis,youarelookingforawaytothedecisionisnotasurfacedecision;itgoesmustreallywanttoforgivethatpersonfromyourheartandmakeupyourmindtoreallyforgive.?Perfectionmayexistinnature,butnotwithinthehumanheart.Realizethatnoneofusisperfect.14Learntoacceptyourownweaknesses,andyouwillbegintoadmitothers’thishelpsyoutoforgive.

?Thinkingaboutthewrongsonlyhurtsyoumore.15Whenyouthinkaboutthehurtsomeonehasdonetoyou,youonlyincreasethepainyoucanevencreatemorethepasttothetoliveinthepresent.

?16

Remindyourselfdailyofthegoodyouhaveinyourandthankshavethepowerthathateandvengeance(報(bào)復(fù))cannotcompetewith.?Persistence(堅(jiān)持)leadstovictory.Printthis“howto”outandplaceitonyourrefrigeratororbedroomdoor.17

canfreeyoufromthehurt.thanksforthegoodinyourlife.upthegloves,anddecidetoforgive.heartandyoucanforgiveanyhurt.atitwhennecessaryuntilyouhaveforgiven.thinkinghowthatpersonhaswrongedyou.allhavestrengthsandweaknesses.答案：13~17CGFBEⅢ.完形填空(共20小題;每小題分,滿分30分)導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào)53070024JohnPerrystoodupandlookedaroundislandhadbeenagoodplacetofindnowhowcouldhemakethe18moveouttosea...?Iftheyswamouttoseahecouldjumpinandgettoshore19theysawhim.

Hesawthesharksrollingand20wasnowgoneandtheywerekillingforcouldhemakethemmoveaway?

Hedrewhisknifefromhiscan21blood,heputtheknifeagainsthislegandcutdeepintothe22.Thebloodranoutandhecaughtitonhiswhitetheshirtwasredandwethetiedsomeclotharoundhislegto23theflowofthentiedalongpieceofclothtotheshirt,threwitintothewaterand24itwiththepieceofcloth.

Thesharkssmelledthebloodandcame25towardtherandownthesandreefpullingtheshirtandthesharksracedafterwas26themawayfromhedroppedthecloth,turnedtowardthe27andranasfastashejumpedinthewaterandswam.

Hewashalfwayacross28heturnedtolookhighbonyfin(鰭)was29throughthewatertowardputhisfaceinthewaterandkickedandsplashedhimself30asfastasheshorewasnearnow.

Heliftedhisheadagainto31andhesawtheshoreverybehindheleftthewaterrushtowardhim,almostpushinghim,helpingthenagreatgraybodyhithimandalmostrolledhimoverinthetouchedtheshorewith32andhepulledhimselfuptheshark,33bythesmellofbloodandthechase(追逐),wentwildlyaftergreatbodycrashedagainst34.

Theendcamequicklyandthewaterwascoveredwiththeshark’sinjuredsharkwaseatenup35byothersasittriedtoescape.

Perryslowlystruggled36hisfeet.

“So,”hesaid,“youdidnotgetme.”Andhelookeddownatthesharksstilleating37theyweren’tclimbedupthestonesandwalkedtowardthevillage.

解析：從下文可以得知佩里在此想使鯊魚游到海里,他好涉水到岸上去。答案：B 解析：他必須在鯊魚看到他之前游上岸。“before+從句”表示時(shí)間。答案：A 解析：根據(jù)上句他看到鯊魚在翻滾玩?？芍?鯊魚現(xiàn)在已不再饑餓。此題考查名詞辨析,hunger“饑餓”。答案：B 解析：根據(jù)常識(shí),鯊魚可以聞到血腥味,應(yīng)選smell。答案：D 解析：佩里將刀子割進(jìn)肉里以便流出血來,排除A、B兩項(xiàng);meat為動(dòng)物的肉的總稱,C項(xiàng)flesh可以指人的肉體,故選C項(xiàng)。答案：C 解析：血流得足夠多時(shí),佩里給自己止血。答案：A 解析：佩里把染了血的襯衫放到水里,用布條拉著。pulled意為“拉著”;wrapped意為“捆綁”;connected意為“連接”;caught意為“抓住”。答案：A 解析：用race表示鯊魚聞到血腥味后行動(dòng)之快。由下一句中raced也可知選B項(xiàng)。答案：B 解析：佩里引著鯊魚游離海岸。leadsb./sth.awayfrom...“引領(lǐng)某人/某物離開……”。答案：D 解析：他自己扔下襯衫,跑向海岸。答案：B 解析：佩里游了一半,“這時(shí)”轉(zhuǎn)過身來。答案：D 解析：cutting“切,割,砍”,表示這條鯊魚的速度之快,它的鰭就像把水割開一樣。答案：C 解析：后有鯊魚,佩里當(dāng)然竭力向前游。forward指“向前”;backward指“向后”;upward指“向上”;downward指“向下”。答案：A 解析：佩里露出頭來呼吸。答案：Bfeet stickfingers shirt解析：在此指佩里用手撐著使自己爬上石頭,而不是用腳蹬著石頭。withhisfingers“用他的手指”。答案：C 解析：根據(jù)常識(shí),鯊魚因血腥味和追逐而變得異常興奮。excited遠(yuǎn)比interested的語氣重得多;frightened“受驚的,受恐嚇的”;disappointed“失望的”。答案：Dshore stones shells解析：這條鯊魚因用力過猛而撞到了石頭上。由上文可知,鯊魚緊追佩里,佩里爬上了岸上的礁石,鯊魚緊隨其后,自然撞上了礁石。答案：C 解析：這條鯊魚只是受了傷,所以是被其他鯊魚活吃了。首先排除C項(xiàng)。alive“活著的”,在此處做伴隨狀語,表示被吃的時(shí)候的狀態(tài)是活著的;lively“活潑的,活躍的,栩栩如生的”;friendly“友好的,友誼的”。答案：B 解析：struggleonone’sfeet為固定搭配,意為“掙扎著站起來”。答案：Athough thoughsoonas longas解析：盡管不餓,鯊魚們?nèi)栽诔灾sthough“好像,仿佛”;eventhough“即使,盡管”;assoonas“一……就……”;aslongas“只要,在……的時(shí)候”。答案：BⅣ.語法填空(共10小題;每小題分,滿分15分)(2023福建五校模擬)Accordingtoarecentsurvey,violencedidexistinshowedtheirfearandparentsandteachersalso38.(express)theirgreatconcernabouthopesocietypaysmoreattentiontothementalhealthofadolescents.Nowadays,schoolviolenceisahotthinkthisisaphenomenon,which40.(call)forourgreatshouldmakeeveryeffort41.(prevent)schoolviolencehappeningatschool,formoreandmorestudentswoulddropoutofschooliftheirpersonal42.(safe)couldnotbefact,violencecanbe.(actual),childrenlearnviolencebehaviorfromadultsorfrom44.theyseeontelevisionorontheInternet.IfImeetwithschoolviolence,Iwillnotanswerviolencewithviolence,foritwillresultin45.(much)willtellmyteachersorparentsaboutthinktheywillhelpmedealwithitwellandtheywillprotectmefromthebadguys.Allinall,westudentsshouldb