廣東省揭陽市梅崗中學(xué)2023年高三英語下學(xué)期期末試題含解析

廣東省揭陽市梅崗中學(xué)2023年高三英語下學(xué)期期末試題含解析一、選擇題1.LastSunday,theyarrivedatthefarm_____theyhadneverpaidavisitbefore.A.that B.which C.towhich D.forwhich參考答案：C2.It’sveryhotanddry,butit

tobecoolintheevening.

A．expects

B．promises

C．wants

D．hopes參考答案：B3.Thecolor1ofthatT-shirt

andmadealltheotherclothespink.A.went

B.disappeared

C.ran

D.fell參考答案：C略4.Notuntilhelefthishome_____toknowhowimportantthefamilywasforhim.A.didhebegin

B.hadhebegun

C.thathebegan

D.hehadbegun參考答案：A5.Devotionisakindofquality,________youshouldhaveifyouwanttogetalongwellwithyourfriends.A.that B.it C.one D.what參考答案：C【詳解】考查代詞。句意：奉獻(xiàn)是一種品質(zhì)，如果你想和你的朋友相處得好，你應(yīng)該擁有這種品質(zhì)。根據(jù)上下文可知這里指代上文的akindofquality，用one“泛指”作akindofquality的同位語，it是同類同物，that特指上文的可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞，what引導(dǎo)從句。故選C。6.I’mblessedwithahappyfamily,

_______thatmostpeoplewouldliketohave.A.itB.theone

C.one

D.that

參考答案：C7.

makemefeelworriedis

singingstarsarecenteredonbymassesofteenagerstoday．

A．What；what

B．that；that

C．What：that

D．That；what參考答案：A

10.Itwasonlyafterhehadreadthepapers

Mr.Grossrealizedthetaskbeforehimwasextremelydifficulttocomplete.Awhen

B.that

C.which

D.what參考答案：B9.Contrarytopopularbelief,takingawalkimmediatelyaftermealsdoesn’t_______dogoodtoourhealth.

A.necessarily

B.specially

C.directly

D.constantly

參考答案：A略10.Weneednotfeelashamedofourfailure.Wemay,_______,faceitrealisticallyandacceptitoptimistically.A.thus

B.otherwise

C.instead

D.indeed參考答案：C考查副詞辨析。A.因此，所以;B.否則；另外；在其它方面；C.代替；反而；D.的確；真正地；甚至。根據(jù)前面對失敗的不羞愧和后面的積極接受失敗可知這是一種相反的態(tài)度，所以中間有一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折詞，此題中能表示轉(zhuǎn)折的只要instead。句意：我們不需要為我們的失敗感到羞愧，相反地，我們可能直面失敗的現(xiàn)實(shí)并積極接受它。故選C11.--Thegovernmentisthinkingbanningsmokingonpublictransport.Ithinkit’sagoodidea.

--__________.Smokingisharmful.

A.

That’sagoodidea.

B.Iagreewithyou

C.I’mnotsureIagreewithyou.

D.I’mnotsureaboutthat.參考答案：C12.---Dad,I’mconfusedwhatIamgoingtodoaftergraduation.---You’dbetterfirstexploreyourtalentsandgettoknowyourselfsoastofindout__________yourrealinterestslie.A.what

B.where

C.which

D.how參考答案：B13.Alicewassoexcited_______shereceivedaticketfromherfriendtoattendtheconcert.A.where B.that C.why D.when參考答案：D14.Thecompaniesareworkingtogethertocreate________theyhopewillbethebestmeansoftransportinthe21stcentury.A.which B.that C.what D.who參考答案：C【詳解】考查賓語從句。句意：眾公司正在齊心協(xié)力地工作，以創(chuàng)造出它們希望會是21世紀(jì)最佳運(yùn)輸方式（的東西）。此題考查賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞.1.tocreate______theyhopewillbethebestmeansoftransportinthe21stcentury為不定式短語,做主句的目的狀語從句.其中create后面為賓語從句.2.賓語從句中,忽略插入語theyhope,即從句變成：______willbethebestmeansoftransportinthe21stcentury.很明顯,該從句缺少一個(gè)表sth的主語,所以只能用what來代替并引導(dǎo)該賓語從句。故選C項(xiàng)。15.—Iseveryonehere?—Notyet……Look,there_______therestofourguests!A.come

B.comes

C.iscoming

D.arecoming參考答案：A16.Liuxiangearnedtherespectfromthewholeworldashehoppeddownthetracktothefinishingline,____thelasthurdle.A.kissed

B.tokiss

C.kissing

D.havingkissed參考答案：C略17.Researchesindicatethatpeoplewhoconstantlyworkextrahoursaremorethanthreetimesaslikelyasthosewhoworksimplyinthedaytime_______signsofdepression.A.shown B.showing C.show D.toshow參考答案：D二、短文改錯18.假如英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌的以下作文，文中共有10

處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加，刪除或修改。增加:

在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(∧),并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除:

把多余的詞用斜線(\)

劃掉。修改:

在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意:

1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞:2.只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)

不計(jì)分。DearMsSmith,IamLiHua.Iamwritingtoaskaseveral-hourleave.IwastogiveaspeechtowelcomeagroupofAmericanvisitingteachersonWednesdaymorning.IamterriblesorrytotellyouthatIcan’tcometoattendatyourclass.Howapity!PerspectivesonAmericanLiteraturearealwaysmyfavouritecourse.Idohopeyoucanexcusemyabsence.Astothelessonstobemissing,IwonderifitispossibleforthemtoberecordedsothatIcanlistentoitlater.OrIwilljustreadmyclassmate’snotesandmakingthemupassoonaspossible.Yourpermitwillbeappreciated.Thanksalot!Yours,LiHua參考答案：李華為歡迎美國參觀老師去做演講向老師請假，并說明了彌補(bǔ)課程的措施。1.ask后加for.考查動詞短語。askfor“請求，要求”，此處指請幾個(gè)小時(shí)的假，故ask后加for.2.was→am.考查動詞時(shí)態(tài)。與全文時(shí)態(tài)一致用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，betodo表示將要做某事，故was→am.3.terrible→terribly.考查副詞。此處修飾形容詞sorry用副詞，指非常抱歉，故terrible→terribly.4.刪除attend后的at.考查及物動詞。句中attend是及物動詞后面直接加賓語，此處指上課，故刪除attend后的at.5.How→What.考查感嘆句。感嘆句中how用來感嘆形容詞或副詞，what用來感嘆名詞。此處pity是名詞用what感嘆，故How→What.6.are→is.考查主謂一致。句中主語PerspectivesonAmericanLiterature是一門課程，謂語用單數(shù)。故are→is.7.missing→missed.考查過去分詞。句中l(wèi)essons和miss是被動關(guān)系，此處是不定式的被動，tobe+過去分詞，故missing→missed.8.it→them.考查代詞。此處指代lessons是復(fù)數(shù)，故it→them.9.making→make.考查動詞。用在助動詞will后和and前的read并列，也用動詞原形。故making→make.10.permit→permission.考查名詞。物主代詞Your修飾名詞，此處指你的允許，故permit→permission.三、閱讀理解19.閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Doctorssayangercanbeanextremelydamagingemotion,unlessyoulearnhowtodealwithit.Theywarnthatangercanleadtoheartdisease,stomachproblems,headaches,emotionalproblemsandevencancer.

Angerisanormalemotionthatweallfeelfromtimetotime.Somepeopleexpressangeropenlyinacalmreasonableway.Someburstwithanger,andscreamandyell(大叫).Butotherskeeptheirangerinside.Theycannotorwillnotexpressit.Thisiscalledrepressinganger.

Foryearsmanydoctorsthoughtthatrepressingangerwasmoredangeroustoaperson'shealththanexpressingit.Theysaidthatwhenapersonisangry,thebrainreleasesthesamehormones.Theyspeedtheheartrate,raisebloodpressure,orsugarintotheblood,etc.Ingeneralthepersonfeelsexcitedandreadytoact.

Somedoctorssaythatbothrepressingandexpressingangercanbedangerous.Theybelievethatthosewhoexpressangerviolentlymaybemorelikelytodevelopheartdisease,andtheybelievethatthosewhokeeptheirangerinsidemayfaceagreaterdangerofhighbloodpressure.

Doctorssaythesolutionislearninghowtodealwithanger.Theysaythefirststepistoadmitthatyouareangryandtorecognizetherealcauseoftheanger,thendecideifthecauseisseriousenoughtogetangryabout.Ifitis,theysay,"Donotexpressyourangerwhileangry.Waituntilyourangerhascooleddownandyouareabletoexpressyourselfcalmlyandreasonably."

Doctorssaythatagoodwaytodealwithangeristofindhumorinthesituationthathasmadeyouangry.Theysaidthatlaughterismuchhealthierthananger.45.

"Damagingemotion"meansthat_____________.

A.theemotionisharmless

B.theemotionisharmful

C.thefeelingisverystrong

D.thefeelingishard46.

Expressingangerviolently________repressingitaccordingtosomescientists.

A.isnotasdangeras

B.ismoreharmfulthan

C.isnobetterthan

D.ismuchbetterthan47.

Accordingtotheauthor,you'dbetter__________

A.neverbeangry

B.cooldownyourangerbeforeyouexpressit

C.laughandlaughwhenyougetangry

D.admityouarewrongwhenyouareangry48.

Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Thetypesofanger.

B.Howtoreleaseanger.

C.Causesofanger.

D.Thedamagetohealthcausedbybeingangry.參考答案：45-48BCBD20.Nooneknowswhatthefuturewilllooklike.Newtechnologyandclimatechangemightmaketheworldmoredifferentthanwecanpossiblyimagine.Sowehadbetterkeepanopenmindandhopeforthebest.Wehavenoideawhatthejobmarketwilllooklikein2050.Itisgenerallyagreedthatmachinelearningandroboticswillchangealmosteverylineofwork–fromproducingyoghurttoteachingyoga.However,thereareconflictingviewsaboutthenatureofthechangeanditsurgency.Somebelievethatwithinameredecadeortwo,billionsofpeoplewillbecomeeconomicallyredundant(多余的).Othersmaintainthateveninthelongrunautomationwillkeepcreatingnewjobsandgreaterprosperityforall.Soareweonanedgeofaterrifyingsuddenchange,oraresuchforecastsyetanotherexampleofill-foundedLudditehysteria(勒德分子的歇斯底里)?Itishardtosay.Fearsthatautomationwillcreatemassiveunemploymentgobacktothenineteenthcentury,andsofartheyhavenevermaterialized.SincethebeginningoftheIndustrialRevolution,foreveryjoblosttoamachineatleastonenewjobwascreated,andtheaveragestandardoflivinghasincreaseddramatically.Yettherearegoodreasonstothinkthatthistimeitisdifferent,andthatmachinelearningwillbearealgamechanger.Humanshavetwotypesofabilities–physicalandcognitive(認(rèn)知的).Inthepast,machinescompetedwithhumansmainlyinrawphysicalabilities,whilehumansstillhadagreatadvantageovermachinesincognition.Henceasmanualjobsinagricultureandindustrywereautomated,newservicejobsemergedthatrequiredthekindofcognitiveskillsonlyhumanspossessed:learning,analysing,communicatingandaboveallunderstandinghumanemotions.However,AIisnowbeginningtooutperformhumansinmoreandmoreoftheseskills,includingintheunderstandingofhumanemotions.Wedon’tknowofanythirdfieldofactivity—beyondthephysicalandthecognitive—wherehumanswillalwaysmaintainasecureadvantage.ItiscrucialtorealizethattheAIrevolutionisnotjustaboutcomputersgettingfasterandsmarter.Itisfuelledbybreakthroughsinthelifesciencesandthesocialsciencesaswell.Thebetterweunderstandthebiochemicalmechanismsthatsupporthumanemotions,desiresandchoices,thebettercomputerscanbecomeinanalyzinghumanbehavior,predictinghumandecisions,andreplacinghumandrivers,bankersandlawyers.Inthelastfewdecades,researchinneuroscienceandbehaviouraleconomicsallowedscientiststogainamuchbetterunderstandingofhowhumansmakedecisions.Itturnedoutthatourchoicesofeverythingfromfoodtomatesresultnotfromsomemysteriousfreewill,butratherfrombillionsofneuronscalculatingprobabilitieswithinasplitsecond.Boasting‘humanintuition’(直覺)isactuallypatternrecognition.63.Thesecondparagraphtellsusabout________.A.predictionsabouttheroleofmachinelearninginfuturejobmarketB.thespeedatwhichroboticswilltaketheplaceofhumanbeingsC.theurgencyofcreatingnewjobswiththehelpofautomationD.thenatureofapplyingnewtechnologytoeverylineofwork64.Theunderlinedexpression“ill-founded”inParagraph3isclosestinmeaningto________.A.unidentified B.badly-managedC.unproven D.ill-intended65.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Lackofjobsecuritymightforcepeopletopickupmachinelearning.B.ThereispossibilitythatAIcanperformaconsultingroleasapsychologist.C.Theuseofautomationwillmakehumansmoreneededthaneverbefore.D.Arealgamechangerliesinmakingcomputersbecomefasterandsmarter.66.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthepassage?A.AIrevolutionissimilartotheindustrialrevolutionincausingunemployment.B.It’scrucialthathumansmaintainanadvantageinthethirdfieldofactivity.C.Theprocessofhumandecisioniscontrolledbyfreewillratherthanneurons.D.Thenatureofpreferenceatfirstsightistheresultofrecognizingpatterns.參考答案：63.A

64.C

65.B

66.D【分析】本文是一篇說明文。沒有人知道未來會是什么樣子。新技術(shù)和氣候變化可能會讓世界變得比我們想象的更加不同。人工智能越來越多在一些技能上超越人類，包括對人類情感的理解。一見鐘情的本質(zhì)是識別模式的結(jié)果?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第一、二句Wehavenoideawhatthejobmarketwilllooklikein2050.Itisgenerallyagreedthatmachinelearningandroboticswillchangealmosteverylineofwork–fromproducingyoghurttoteachingyoga.（我們不知道2050年的就業(yè)市場會是什么樣子。人們普遍認(rèn)為，機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)和機(jī)器人技術(shù)將改變幾乎所有的工作——從生產(chǎn)酸奶到教瑜伽。）可知，第二段告訴我們關(guān)于機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)在未來就業(yè)市場中的作用的預(yù)測。故選A。【64題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段中Soareweonanedgeofaterrifyingsuddenchange,oraresuchforecastsyetanotherexampleofill-fou