河南省商丘市第一中學(xué)校2021年高一英語(yǔ)期末試卷含解析

河南省商丘市第一中學(xué)校2021年高一英語(yǔ)期末試卷含解析一、選擇題1.Weinsistthatallschoolstudents,especiallythosefromthepoorareas,shouldhavea

balancedtokeepfit.

A.meal

B.diet

C.feast

D.food參考答案：B略2.Withhismother’sgoodcare,theboyis__________recoveringfromhisheavycold.A.frequently

B.actually

C.entirely

D.gradually參考答案：D略3.________isnowno________thattheglobalingwarmingisasecuritythreattousallA.There;doubt

B.there;need

C.It;doubt

D.It;need參考答案：A4.________hesaidatthemeetingsurprisedeverybodypresent.(

)A．What

B．ThatC．Which

D．How參考答案：A17.Thereis______thingasafreelunch.A.nosuch

B.notsuch

C.noa

D.nosucha參考答案：A略6.Equippedwithmodernfacilities,today’slibrariesdiffergreatlyfrom______.A.thepast

B.therest

C.thoseofthepast

D.whichofthepast參考答案：C7.Thefirsttwoservicesarefree，______thethirdcosts￡35.

A.while

B.whether

C.what

D.which參考答案：A略8.Gettingridofabadhabitis______formingagoodone.A.aneffortmuchas

B.muchaneffortas

C.asmuchaneffortas

D.asaneffortmuchas參考答案：C略9.Wewatchedtheriverasit_____onunderthebridge．

A．settled

B．toured

C．flowed

D．floated參考答案：C略10.－Sowhatistheprocedure?－Alltheapplicants

beforeafinaldecisionismadebytheauthority.A.interview B.areinterviewing C.areinterviewed D.arebeinginterviewed參考答案：C11.Lookatthetimetable!TheflighttoShanghai________at10o’clock.That’stosay,it________intwohours.A.willleave,isleaving B.willleave,willleaveC.leaves,willleave D.leaves,isleaving參考答案：D【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：看時(shí)刻表!飛往上海的航班10點(diǎn)起飛。也就是說(shuō)，兩小時(shí)后就要開(kāi)了。第一空根據(jù)上文，按照時(shí)刻表發(fā)生的動(dòng)作用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故填leaves；第二空根據(jù)下文intwohours可知，應(yīng)用一般將來(lái)時(shí)或用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來(lái)。故選D。12.Whenwintercomes,it_________becomeverycoldinShenyang.A.isgoingto

B.will

C.has

D.isaboutto參考答案：B13.

Excuse

me,

but

can

you

tell

me

________?

A.

where

can

I

get

to

the

library

B.

where

I

can

get

to

the

library

C.

how

can

I

get

to

the

library

D.

how

I

can

get

to

the

library參考答案：D14.Inordertolearnabouttheactualityofthecitizens'lifeandnottogethis________foundout，themayorpretendedtobeatravelerandbegantochatwiththenatives.A．identification

B．identityC．truth

D．role參考答案：B[句意：為了了解市民生活的真實(shí)情況，也為了不讓人發(fā)現(xiàn)他的身份，這位市長(zhǎng)裝作一位游客開(kāi)始與當(dāng)?shù)厝肆钠饋?lái)。只有identity有“身份”的意思。]15.Theroomisverylargeandonlylittleroom_____bythenewpiano.A.aretakenup

B.takesup

C.istakenup

D.istakingup參考答案：A16.Themanagerrequestedthetask________aheadofschedule.A.finished

B.befinished

C.tofinish

D.wouldbefinished參考答案：B二、新的題型17.Chinaisabigoldcountry，___61___

hasahistoryofmorethanfivethousandyears.Weareproudof___62___(it)cultureandpartofthecultureeveninfluencestheworld___63___(great),forexample,thethoughtofConfucius(孔子).AsChineseeconomydevelopsveryfastandplays___64___importantroleintheworld,moreandmore___65___(foreign)learnMandarin(普通話)inConfuciusinstitutions.TheChinesetraditionalculturecanbetestedbythetime.Itunitesthewholenationandnomatter___66___kindofdisastercomes,wewillfighttogetherforthecountry’sfuture.Today,manyyoungpeoplelosefaithintraditionalcultureandtheyarecrazy___67___thewesternculture.Theyfollowthewesternfashion,___68___(think)wearetheoldstyle.Butsomeday,they___69___(realize)theyarewrong___70___(ignore)traditionalculture.參考答案：61.which

62.its

63.greatly

64.an

65.foreigners

66.what

67.about

68.thinking

69.willrealize

70.toignore【分析】中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化對(duì)世界產(chǎn)生了很大的影響，但現(xiàn)在很多人忽視中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化，追求西方文化。作者認(rèn)為這種做法是錯(cuò)誤的。【61題詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。本題定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞是abigoldcountry，關(guān)系代詞which指代先行詞引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，并在句中做主語(yǔ)?！?2題詳解】考查所有格形式。橫線后有名詞culture，說(shuō)明橫線處應(yīng)該填形容詞詞性的所有格形式做定語(yǔ)，代詞it的所有格形式是its?！?3題詳解】考查副詞。在英語(yǔ)中副詞通常做狀語(yǔ)修飾形容詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞或者整個(gè)句子。本句中副詞greatly做狀語(yǔ)修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞influencestheworld，表示程度?！?4題詳解】考查固定短語(yǔ)。短語(yǔ)playapartin在…中起作用；名詞part前面有形容詞important修飾，該詞是以元音發(fā)音開(kāi)始，所以使用不定冠詞an?！?5題詳解】考查名詞。句意：越來(lái)越多的外國(guó)人在孔子學(xué)院里學(xué)習(xí)普通話。本句中動(dòng)詞learn前面是主語(yǔ)，根據(jù)句意越來(lái)越多的外國(guó)人學(xué)習(xí)漢語(yǔ)，所以使用復(fù)數(shù)形式foreigners?！?6題詳解】考查讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：無(wú)論什么樣的災(zāi)難來(lái)臨，我們都會(huì)為了國(guó)家的未來(lái)而戰(zhàn)斗。連接詞what的后面要接名詞或名詞短語(yǔ)，how后面接形容詞或副詞，本句中kindofdisaster是名詞短語(yǔ)，所以使用what連接?！?7題詳解】考查固定短語(yǔ)。短語(yǔ)becrazyabout為…瘋狂；句意：現(xiàn)在很多年輕人對(duì)傳統(tǒng)文化失去了信仰，為西方文化瘋狂?！?8題詳解】考查現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語(yǔ)。動(dòng)詞think與主語(yǔ)they構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以使用現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)在句中做狀語(yǔ)。句意：他們追隨西方文化，認(rèn)為我們已經(jīng)過(guò)時(shí)了。【69題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。本句中時(shí)間詞義someday有一天，是將來(lái)時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，所以本句使用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。。句意：但總有一天，他們會(huì)意識(shí)到忽視傳統(tǒng)文化是錯(cuò)誤的?！?0題詳解】考查不定式用法。本句相當(dāng)于Itiswrongforthemtoignoretraditionalculture,句中的不定式與forthem連用構(gòu)成不定式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)?！军c(diǎn)睛】本文考查了名詞用法。名詞主要考查的知識(shí)點(diǎn)：名詞的用法,語(yǔ)境中詞性的判斷，詞的轉(zhuǎn)化。在語(yǔ)法填空題中常出現(xiàn)給一個(gè)提示詞要求用它的正確形式填空，

重點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)：①掌握名詞單復(fù)數(shù)的變化規(guī)律以及與相近語(yǔ)法的關(guān)系（名詞單復(fù)數(shù)的使用受冠詞、數(shù)詞和主謂一致等語(yǔ)法的制約，因此復(fù)習(xí)名詞單復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，應(yīng)注意分析名詞前的數(shù)詞、量詞、冠詞等修飾語(yǔ)情況，還應(yīng)注意主謂一致問(wèn)題）。②熟悉區(qū)別可數(shù)不可數(shù)（英語(yǔ)中有些名詞有時(shí)為可數(shù)名詞，而有時(shí)又是不可數(shù)名詞，其區(qū)別由各自不同的用法而定，這是名詞可數(shù)性用法的難點(diǎn)）。如：work

工作，不可數(shù)名詞；著作

作品，可數(shù)；工廠

作坊，可數(shù)；工程

工事，可數(shù)。③掌握名詞所有格的表示方法和名詞作定語(yǔ)的用法，特別注意

else的所有格、雙重所有格的用法。三、閱讀理解18.Recognizedas"thegoddessscientist"，NingYan（orNiengYan），42，isaleadingbiologyresearcheratPrincetonUniversityintheUS.OnApril30，shewasincludedamong100newmembersand25foreignassociatesintoTheNationalAcademyofSciences，afamousscientificinstitutionthataimstorecognizeoutstandingresearchintheUS.Yanisarisingstarinthescienceworldandherresume（履歷）isimpressive.AftergraduatingfromTsinghuaUniversityandPrinceton，shewasinvitedtosetupherownlaboratoryatTsinghuain2007.Atage30，shebecameoneofChina'syoungest-everfemaleprofessors.Itwasalongroadtogetwheresheisnow.ShetoldPeoplemagazinethatshealwaysbelievesthatscientistsneedtohaveapuremindanddetermination.Yanlikestoworkatnight，becauseshecanfocuswhentheoutsideisquiet.Shealsoworksatleast14hoursaday，butshe'senergetic，becauseresearchisthemost"comfortable”jobforher，accordingtoaninterviewwithPeoplemagazine.ThisdevotiontoherworkprobablyhelpedYaninherresearchtoidentifythestructuresofproteinsincells'plasmamembranes，whichpuzzledscientistsforhalfacentury.HerachievementsgotherlistedamongthejournalNature'sScienceStarsofChinain2016.YanalsoenjoysTVdramasandclassicnovels.Surprisingly，thenovelJourneytotheWestinspiredhertobecomeastructuralbiologist.Inthebook，theMonkeyKingturnsintootheranimals.Shewonderedwhatitwouldbeliketochangeherself.Luckily.Yannowlivesinthatworldeveryday，exploringhowproteinsworkatthelevelofatoms.“Itwasalmostdestined（命中注定的）thatIwouldbecomeastructuralbiologist，"shesaidinaninterviewwithNature.Assherealizesherowndreams，Yantriestoencouragemorewomentofollowcareers（職業(yè)）inscience.Inhereyes，thereisnodifferencebetweenmenandwomeninthescientificfields.“Womencanworkasexcellentlyasmenandlivethewaytheychooseto，"shesaidinapublicinterview.8.WhatmadeNingYanbecomeamemberoftheNationalAcademyofSciences？A.Hersocialbackground. B.Herimpressivewisdom.C.Herfirst-classeducation. D.Heroutstandingresearch.9.WhichofthefollowingplayedaroleinYanbecomingastructuralbiologist？A.Peoplemagazine.B.JourneytotheWest.C.ThejournalNature.D.ScienceStarsofChina.10.NingYanwouldprobablyagreethat_________A.scientistscanwinsuccessbyworkingatnightB.womencanmatchmeninscientificachievementsC.morewomenshouldbeallowedtotakeupscienceD.scientistsshouldenjoyTVdramasandclassicnovels11.WhatcanwelearnfromNingYan'sstory?A.Itisnevertoolatetolearn.B.Manyhandsmakelightwork.C.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.D.Nothingisimpossibletoawillingmind.參考答案：8.D

9.B

10.B

11.D【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。介紹了被公認(rèn)為“女神科學(xué)家”寧顏(或NiengYan),在4月30日,被列入100年新成員和25個(gè)外國(guó)同事進(jìn)入美國(guó)國(guó)家科學(xué)院,一個(gè)著名的科研機(jī)構(gòu),旨在表彰在美國(guó)有杰出研究成果的人員。8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中OnApril30,shewasincludedamong100newmembersand25foreignassociatesintoTheNationalAcademyofSciences,afamousscientificinstitutionthataimstorecognizeoutstandingresearchintheUS.（4月30日，她成為美國(guó)國(guó)家科學(xué)院的100名新成員和25名外國(guó)同事之一。美國(guó)國(guó)家科學(xué)院是一家旨在表彰美國(guó)杰出研究成果的著名科學(xué)機(jī)構(gòu)。）可知是NingYan杰出的研究成果讓她成為了美國(guó)國(guó)家科學(xué)院的一員。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段第二句Surprisingly,thenovelJourneytotheWestinspiredhertobecomeastructuralbiologist.（嚴(yán)還喜歡電視劇和經(jīng)典小說(shuō)。令人驚訝的是，小說(shuō)《西游記》激勵(lì)她成為一名結(jié)構(gòu)生物學(xué)家。）可知是《西游記》激勵(lì)她成為一名結(jié)構(gòu)生物學(xué)家。故選B?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后一句Inhereyes,thereisnodifferencebetweenmenandwomeninthescientificfields.（在她看來(lái)，在科學(xué)領(lǐng)域，男人和女人沒(méi)有什么區(qū)別。）可知NingYan可能會(huì)同意，女性在科學(xué)成就上可以與男性匹敵。故選B?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中ShetoldPeoplemagazinethatshealwaysbelievesthatscientistsneedtohaveapuremindanddetermination.（她在接受《人物》雜志采訪時(shí)表示，她一直認(rèn)為科學(xué)家需要有一個(gè)純潔的頭腦和決心。）可推知我們從NingYan的故事中能了解到世上無(wú)難事，只怕有心人。故選D。【點(diǎn)睛】細(xì)節(jié)理解題解題方法細(xì)節(jié)理解題屬直接解答性問(wèn)題，是閱讀理解題中最簡(jiǎn)單的一種，多數(shù)屬中低難度的題。但高考所占的比例大，應(yīng)特別引起注意。事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)題的命題特點(diǎn)是：對(duì)文章或某一段落中的一些特定細(xì)節(jié)或文章重要事實(shí)的理解，一般包括直接理解題和語(yǔ)義轉(zhuǎn)化題。直接理解題能在原文直接找到答案，而語(yǔ)義轉(zhuǎn)化題則需要將題目信息與原文信息加工或整理后才能得出結(jié)論。做細(xì)節(jié)理解題具體方法與步驟如下：1.略讀材料，大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨。經(jīng)常有新技術(shù)對(duì)將來(lái)人們工作和生活不良影響的預(yù)測(cè)，但事實(shí)證明結(jié)果并不是那樣，我們有必要否定預(yù)測(cè)，以減少人們的恐懼。2.按文章的體裁，作者寫(xiě)作的組織模式及有關(guān)的信息詞。如forexample,first,second…等預(yù)測(cè)應(yīng)該到何處尋找自己所需要的事實(shí)。3.將精力放在尋找你所需要的細(xì)節(jié)上?？焖偻ㄆx，全文掃視，找到細(xì)節(jié)出處，待找到含細(xì)節(jié)句子時(shí)，放慢速度，仔細(xì)核對(duì)比較內(nèi)容，直至找到答案。如第一小題，根據(jù)第一段中OnApril30,shewasincludedamong100newmembersand25foreignassociatesintoTheNationalAcademyofSciences,afamousscientificinstitutionthataimstorecognizeoutstandingresearchintheUS.（4月30日，她成為美國(guó)國(guó)家科學(xué)院的100名新成員和25名外國(guó)同事之一。美國(guó)國(guó)家科學(xué)院是一家旨在表彰美國(guó)杰出研究成果的著名科學(xué)機(jī)構(gòu)。）可知是NingYan杰出的研究成果讓她成為了美國(guó)國(guó)家科學(xué)院的一員。故選D。19.TODAY,Friday,November12JAZZwiththeMikeThomasJazzBandatTheDerbyArms.UpperRichmondRoadWest,Sheen．DISCOSatinSoundsDisco.FreeatTheLordNapier,MortlakeHighSt,from8am.to8pm．Tel:682—1158.SATURDAY,November13JAZZLysisatTheBull’sHead,Barnes.

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