21B1班四級(jí)考試練習(xí)題一閱讀理解附答案

21B1班四級(jí)考試練習(xí)題一，閱讀理解[復(fù)制]學(xué)號(hào)：[填空題]*_________________________________姓名：[填空題]*_________________________________ReadingComprehension（40minutes）

SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions1to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

ManyBrazilianscannotread.In2000,aquarterofthoseaged15andolderwerefunctionallyIlliterate（文盲）.Many___1___donotwantto.Onlyoneliterateadultinthreereadsbooks.The___2___Brazilianreads1.8non-academicbooksayear,lessthanhalfthefigureinEuropeandtheUnitedStates.Inarecentsurveyofreadinghabits,Brazilianscame27thoutof30countries.Argentines,theirneighbors,___3___18th.

Thegovernmentandbusinessesareallstrugglingindifferentwaystochangethis.OnMarch13thegovernment___4___aNationalPlanforBooksandReading.Thisseekstoboostreading,byfoundinglibrariesandfinancingpublishersamongotherthings.Onediscouragementtoreadingisthatbooksare___5___.Mostbookshavesmallprint-runs,pushinguptheirprice.

ButBrazilians’indifferencetobookshasdeeperroots.Centuriesofslaverymeantthecountry’sleaderslong___6___education.Primaryschoolingbecameuniversalonlyinthe1990s.

AllthismeansBrazil’sbookmarkethasthebiggestgrowth___7___inthewesternworld.

Butreadingisadifficulthabittoform.Braziliansboughtfewerbooksin2004,89million,includingtextbooks___8___bythegovernment,thantheydidin1991.LastyearthedirectorofBrazil’snationallibrary___9___.Hecomplainedthathehadhalfthelibrariansheneededandtermites（白蟻）hadeatenmuchofthe___10___.Thatoughttobeacausefornationalshame.

A）average

I）normal

B）collection

J）particularly

C）distributed

K）potential

D）exhibition

L）quit

E）expensive

M）ranked

F）launched

N）simply

G）named

O）treasured

H）neglected1.（

）[填空題]*_________________________________(答案：N)2.（

）[填空題]*_________________________________(答案：A)3.（

）[填空題]*_________________________________(答案：M)4.（

）[填空題]*_________________________________(答案：F)5.（

）[填空題]*_________________________________(答案：E)6.（

）[填空題]*_________________________________(答案：H)7.（

）[填空題]*_________________________________(答案：K)8.（

）[填空題]*_________________________________(答案：C)9.（

）[填空題]*_________________________________(答案：L)10.（

）[填空題]*_________________________________(答案：B)SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.TheTouch-ScreenGeneration

A）Onachillydaylastspring,afewdozendevelopersofchildren’sapps（應(yīng)用程序）forphonesandtablets（平板電腦）gatheredatanoldbeachresortinMonterey,California,toshowofftheirgames.ThegatheringwasorganizedbyWarrenBuckleitner,alongtimereviewerofinteractivechildren’smedia.Buckleitnerspentthebreakstestingwhetherhisownremote-controlhelicoptercouldreachthehall’ssecondstory,whilevariouschildrenwhohadcomewiththeirparentslookedupinawe（敬畏）anddelight.Butmostlytheylookeddown,attheiPadsandothertabletsdisplayedaroundthehalllikesomanyopenboxesofcandy.Iwalkedaroundandtalkedwithdevelopers,andseveralquotedafamoussayingofMariaMontessori’s,“Thehandsaretheinstrumentsofman’sintelligence.”

B）What,really,wouldMariaMontessorihavemadeofthisscene?The30orsochildrenherewerenotdownattheshorepoking（戳）theirfingersinthesandorrunningthemalongstonesorpickingseashells.Insteadtheywereallinside,aloneoringroupsoftwoorthree,theirfacesafewinchesfromascreen,theirhandsdoingthingsMontessorisurelydidnotimagine.

C）In2011,theAmericanAcademyofPediatricsupdateditspolicyonveryyoungchildrenandmedia.In1999,thegrouphaddiscouragedtelevisionviewingforchildrenyoungerthan2,citingresearchonbraindevelopmentthatshowedthisagegroup’scriticalneedfor“directinteractionswithparentsandothersignificantcaregivers.”Theupdatedreportbeganbyacknowledgingthatthingshadchangedsignificantlysincethen.In2006,90%ofparentssaidthattheirchildrenyoungerthan2consumedsomeformofelectronicmedia.Nevertheless,thegrouptooklargelythesameapproachitdidin1999,uniformlydiscouragingpassivemediause,onanytypeofscreen,forthesekids.（Forolderchildren,theacademynoted,“high-qualityprograms”couldhave“educationalbenefits.”）The2011reportmentioned“smartcellphone”and“newscreen”technologies,butdidnotaddressinteractiveapps.Nordiditbringupthepossibilitythathaslikelyoccurredtothose90%ofAmericanparentsthatsomegoodmightcomefromthoselittleswiping（在電子產(chǎn)品上刷）fingers.

D）Ihadcometothedevelopers’conferencepartlybecauseIhopedthatthisparticularsetofparents,enthusiasticastheywereaboutinteractivemedia,mighthelpmeoutofthisproblem,thattheymightoffersomeguidingprincipleforAmericanparentswhoareclearlynevergoingtomeettheacademy’sideals,andatsomeleveldonotwantto.Perhapsthisgroupwouldbeabletoexpressclearlysomebenefitsofthenewtechnologythatthemorecautiousdoctorsweren’treadytoaddress.

E）IfellintoconversationwithawomanwhohadhelpeddevelopMontessoriLetterSounds,anappthatteachespreschoolerstheMontessorimethodsofspelling.ShewasaformerMontessoriteacherandamotheroffour.Imyselfhavethreechildrenwhoareallfansofthetouchscreen.Whatgamesdidherkidsliketoplay,Iasked,hopingforsuggestionsIcouldtakehome.

“Theydon’tplayallthatmuch.”

Really?Whynot?

“BecauseIdon’tallowit.Wehavearuleofnoscreentimeduringtheweek,unlessit’sclearlyeducational.”

Noscreentime?Noneatall?Thatseemsattheouteredgeofrestrictive,evenbythestandardsofovercontrollingparents.

“Ontheweekends,theycanplay.Igivethemalimitofhalfanhourandthenstop.Enough.”

F）HeranswersosurprisedmethatIdecidedtoasksomeoftheotherdeveloperswhowerealsoparentswhattheirdomesticgroundrulesforscreentimewere.Onesaidonlyonairplanesandlongcarrides.AnothersaidWednesdaysandweekends,forhalfanhour.Themostpermissivesaidhalfanhouraday,whichwasaboutmyruleathome.AtonepointIsatwithoneofthebiggestdevelopersofe-bookappsforkids,andhisfamily.Thesmallkidwasstartingtofussinherhighchair,sothemomstuckaniPadinfrontofherandplayedashortmoviesoeveryoneelsecouldenjoytheirlunch.Whenshesawmewatching,shegavemetheuniversaltenselookofmotherswhofeeltheyarebeingjudged.“Athome,”sheassuredme,“IonlyletherwatchmoviesinSpanish.”

G）Bytheirreactions,theseparentsmademeunderstandtheproblemofourage:astechnologybecomesalmosteverywhereinourlives,Americanparentsarebecomingmore,notless,distrustfulofwhatitmightbedoingtotheirchildren.Technologicalabilityhasnot,forparents,translatedintocomfortandease.Ontheonehand,parentswanttheirchildrentoswimexpertlyinthedigitalstreamthattheywillhavetonavigate（航行）alltheirlives;ontheotherhand,theyfearthattoomuchdigitalmedia,tooearly,willsinkthem.Parentsenduptreatingtabletsasprecisionsurgical（外科的）instruments,devicesthatmightperformmiraclesfortheirchild’sIQandhelphimwinsomegreatroboticscompetition—butonlyiftheyareusedjustso.Otherwise,theirchildcouldenduponeofthosesad,palecreatureswhocan’tmakeeyecontactandhasagirlfriendwholivesonlyinthevirtualworld.

H）NormanRockwell,a20th-centuryartist,neverpaintedBoySwipingFingeronScreen,andourownvisionofaperfectchildhoodhasneverbeenadjustedtoaccommodatethatnow-commonscene.Addtothatourmodernfearthateveryparentingdecisionmayhavelastingconsequences—thateveryminuteofenrichmentlostormindlessentertainmentindulged（放縱的）willadduptosomepermanenthandicap（障礙）inthefuture—andyouhavedeepguiltandconfusion.Todate,nobodyofresearchhasprovedthattheiPadwillmakeyourpreschoolersmarterorteachhertospeakChinese,oralternativelythatitwillrusthernervoussystem—thedevicehasbeenoutforonlythreeyears,notmuchmorethanthetimeittakessomeacademicstofindfundingandgatherresearchsubjects.Sowhatisaparenttodo?

11.Theauthorattendedtheconference,hopingtofindsomeguidingprinciplesforparentingintheelectronicage.

12.Americanparentsarebecomingmoredoubtfulaboutthebenefitstechnologyissaidtobringtotheirchildren.

13.Someexpertsbelievethathumanintelligencedevelopsbytheuseofhands.

14.TheauthorfoundaformerMontessoriteacherexercisingstrictcontroloverherkids’screentime.

15.Researchshowsinteractionwithpeopleiskeytobabies’braindevelopment.

16.SofartherehasbeennoscientificproofoftheeducationalbenefitsofiPads.

17.Americanparentsworrythatoveruseoftabletswillcreateproblemswiththeirkids’interpersonalrelationships.

18.Theauthorexpecteddevelopersofchildren’sappstospecifythebenefitsofthenewtechnology.

19.ThekidsatthegatheringweremorefascinatedbytheiPadsthanbythehelicopter.

20.Theauthorpermitsherchildrentousethescreenforatmosthalfanhouraday.11.標(biāo)題[填空題]*_________________________________(答案：D)12.標(biāo)題[填空題]*_________________________________(答案：G)13.標(biāo)題[填空題]*_________________________________(答案：A)14.標(biāo)題[填空題]*_________________________________(答案：E)15.標(biāo)題[填空題]*_________________________________(答案：C)16.標(biāo)題[填空題]*_________________________________(答案：H)17.標(biāo)題[填空題]*_________________________________(答案：G)18.標(biāo)題[填空題]*_________________________________(答案：D)19.標(biāo)題[填空題]*_________________________________(答案：A)20.標(biāo)題[填空題]*_________________________________(答案：F)SectionC

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C）andD）.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOne

Questions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Whenyoungwomenwerefoundtomakeonly82percentofwhattheirmalepeersdojustoneyearoutofcollege,manywereatalosstoexplainit.

Allthetraditionalreasonsputforwardtointerpretthepaygap—thatwomenfallbehindwhentheyleavetheworkforcetoraisekids,forexample,orthattheydon’tseekasmanymanagementroles—failedtojustifythisone.Theseyoungwomendidn’thavekidsyet.Andbecausetheywerejustoneyearremovedfromtheirundergraduatedegrees,fewofthesewomenyethadthechancetogoafter（muchlessdecline）leadershiproles.

Butthereareotherreasonswhythepaygapremainssopersistent.Thefirstisthatnomatterhowmanywomenmaybegettingcollegedegrees,theuniversityexperienceisstillanunequalone.Thesecondisthatourhighereducationsystemisnotdesignedtofocusontheeconomicconsequencesofourstudents’yearsoncampus.

Nowthatwomenarethemajorityofcollegestudentsandsurpassmeninboththenumberofundergraduateandadvanceddegreesawarded,onemightthinkthecollegecampusisaprettyequalplace.Itisnot.Studiesshowthatwhilegirlsdobetterthanboysinhighschool,theystarttotrailoffduringtheircollegeyears.Theyenrollindifferentkindsofclasses,tendtomajorinlessrigorous（非常嚴(yán)格的）subjects,andgenerallyheadoffwithlessambitiousplans.

Asaresult,it’snotsurprisingthateventhebesteducatedyoungwomenentertheworkplacewithaslightdisadvantage.Theircollegeexperienceleavesthemsomewhatconfused,stillstumbling（栽倒）overthedilemmastheirgrandmothers’generationsoughttodestroy.Aretheysupposedtobeprettyorsmart?Strongorsexy（性感的）?Alltheirlives,today’syoungwomenhavebeenpushedtoembracebothperfectionandpassion—topursuescienceandsports,mathandtheater—anddoitallaswellastheypossiblycan.Nowondertheyarenotnegotiatingforhighersalariesassoonastheygetoutofschool.Theyaretooexhausted,andtooscaredoffailing.21.Traditionally,itisbelievedthatwomenearnlessthanmenbecause_________.[單選題]*A.theyhavefailedtotakeasmanyrigorouscoursesB.theydonotfeelasfitformanagementrolesC.theyfeelobligedtotakecareoftheirkidsathome(正確答案)D.theydonotexhibittheneededleadershipqualities22.WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutAmerica’shighereducationsystem?[單選題]*A.Itdoesnotofferspecificcareercounselingtowomen.B.Itdoesnotconsideritseconomicimpactongraduates.(正確答案)C.Itdoesnottakecareofwomenstudents’specialneeds.D.Itdoesnotencouragewomentotakerigoroussubjects.23.Whatdoestheauthorsayabouttoday’scollegeexperience?[單選題]*A.Itisdifferentformaleandfemalestudents.(正確答案)B.Itisnotthesameasthatofearliergenerations.C.Itismoreexhaustingthanmostwomenexpect.D.ItisnotsosatisfyingtomanyAmericanstudents.24.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutwomenstudentsincollege?[單選題]*A.Theyhavenoideahowtobringouttheirbest.B.Theydropacoursewhentheyfindittoorigorous.C.Theyarenotaspracticalasmeninchoosingcourses.D.Theydon’tperformaswellastheydidinhighschool.(正確答案)25.Howdoestheauthorexplainthepaygapbetweenmenandwomenfreshfromcollege?[單選題]*A.Womenaretoowornouttobeambitious.(正確答案)B.Womenarenotreadytotakemanagementroles.C.Womenarecaughtbetweencareerandfamily.D.Womenarenotgoodatnegotiatingsalaries.PassageTwo

Questions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Readingleadershipliterature,you’dsometimesthinkthateveryonehasthepotentialtobeaneffectiveleader.

Idon’tbelievethattobetrue.Infact,IseewayfewertrulyeffectiveleadersthanIseepeoplestuckinpositionsofleadershipwhoaresadlyincompetentandseriouslymisguidedabouttheirownabilities.

Partofthereasonthishappensisalackofhonestself-assessmentbythosewhoaspireto（追求）leadershipinthefirstplace.

We’veallmetthetypeofindividualwhosimplymusttakecharge.Whetherit’sadecision-makingsession,abasketballgame,orafamilyouting,theycan’thelpgrabbingtheleaddogpositionandclingingontoitfordearlife.Theybelievethey’renaturalbornleaders.

Truthis,they’renothingofthesort.Trueleadersdon’tassumethatit’stheirdivine（神圣的）righttotakechargeeverytimetwoormorepeoplegettogether.Quitetheopposite.Agreatleaderwillassesseachsituationonitsmerits,andwillonlytakechargewhentheirposition,thesituation,and/ortheneedsofthemomentdemandit.

Manybusinessexecutivesconfuseleadershipwithaction.Theybelievethatconstantmotionsomehowgeneratesleadershipasabyproduct.Facedwithanysituationthatcan’tbesolvedbythesheerforceofactivity,theygenerateadustcloudofimpatience.Theironeleadershiptoolisvolume:iftheythinkyouaren’tworkingashardastheythinkyoushould,theirdemandsbecomeincreasinglylouderandharsher.

Trueleadersunderstandthevalueofaction,ofcourse,butitisn’ttheironlytool.Infact,itisn’teventheirprimarytool.Greatleadersseemorethaneveryoneelse:answers,solutions,patterns,problems,opportunities.The