(全國卷)2019屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)Unit1Festivalsaroundtheworld課時(shí)作業(yè)新人教版必修3

Unit1FestivalsaroundtheworldⅠ.閱讀理解ABeaches，rainforests，samba，soccer...and，mostimportantly，people:it'shardnottofallforBrazil.InAug.，CNNreleasedalistofthingsBrazildoesbetterthananywhereelse.Thefollowingarefourofthem.PlayfulnessIt'sakeypartoftheBrazilianpersonality：awillingnesstolaughatthemselvesandtheirawkwardsituationsandtowelcomeothersinonthejoke.Butdespitetheirproblems，Brazilianscanputthemasideandcentertheirawarenesscompletelyonthehereandnow，whichissomethingtherestoftheworldcouldlearnfrom.MusicBrazilisamusicuniverse,unrivaled(無與倫比的)indiversityofmusicalstyles，instrumentsandrhythms.Theworldknowssamba，amixofEuropeanmarchesandAfricandrumming，andbossanova,aslowersambainfused(注入)withFrenchimpressionismandAmericanjazz.ButBrazil'sdiversepopulationmovestothebeatofmanydifferentdrummers.PartyingCelebratingisapriorityforBrazilians，whetherit'sonalargescaleorjustabackyardbarbecue.Theythrowtwooftheworld'sbiggestparties，Carnival(ThestreetcarnivalofRiodeJaneiroisdesignatedbyGuinnessWorldRecordsasthelargestcarnivalintheworld.)，andtheNewYear'sReveilloncelebration.KissesGettingtoknowpeopleinBrazilisafast-trackprocess.Theydon'tcaretoomuchaboutpersonalandemotionalspace.Akissonbothcheeksistraditionalforamalewhohasbeenintroducedtoanadultfemale，andtwomorekissesaregivenwhenleaving.InmostofBrazilalwaysgoestotherightcheek

，therearetwoairkissesgiveningreeting.Thefirstthesecondtotheleft.[語篇解讀]本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要向我們介紹了巴西的一些特色，使我們充分領(lǐng)會(huì)了巴西獨(dú)到的人文魅力。1．WhatcantheworldlearnfromBrazilians?A．Keepthework-lifebalance.B．Attempttoliveinthemoment.C．Takepartinculturalactivities.D．Expressemotionsopenlyandboldly.分析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)Playfulness部分中的“Butdespitetheirproblems，Brazilianscanputthemasideandcentertheirawarenesscompletelyonthehereandnow，whichissomethingtherestoftheworldcouldlearnfrom.”可知，巴西人能夠把問題放到一邊，把注意力集中在當(dāng)下，即全力活在當(dāng)下這一點(diǎn)是世界其余國家應(yīng)當(dāng)學(xué)習(xí)的。答案：B2．Howshouldamanbytraditiongreetawomanwhomheisintroducedto?A．Throughairkisses.B．Throughawarmhug.C．Throughcheekkissing.D．Throughafirmhandshake.分析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)Kisses部分中的“Akissonbothcheeksistraditionalforamalewhohasbeenintroducedtoanadultfemale”可知，當(dāng)一位男性被介紹給一位成年女性時(shí)，親吻女士的雙頰是傳統(tǒng)的打招呼的做法。應(yīng)選C。答案：C3．What'stheauthor'spurposeofwritingthepassage?A．TocallonpeopletovisitBrazil.B．TohighlightthecustomsofBrazil.C．TopresentpartsofBrazil'sbestbits.D．ToshowthecharacteristicsofBrazilians.分析：作者企圖題。依據(jù)文章內(nèi)容特別是第一段中的“InAug.，CNNreleasedalistofthingsBrazildoesbetterthananywhereelse.Thefollowingarefourofthem”可知，本文主要介紹的是巴西在世界上做得最好的幾個(gè)方面。應(yīng)選C。該題難點(diǎn)在對bit的理解上，該詞在此意為“一部分，小塊兒”。答案：CBOnApril14th,2010，myentirelifechangedinaninstant.OnemomentIwasjoyfullyridingthroughthesunshine.Thenextmoment，metal，fleshandboneswerespreadingagainstthepavementinathunderouscrash.Anothercyclist，bikingcarelessly，hadcutmeoffandsentmesupermanningtowardoncomingtraffic.Asiftosymbolizetheaccidentthathadhitmylife，anotherdisasteralso2theeruptionofEyjafjallajokull，oneofIceland'smanyvolcanoes.However，volcanoesarenotallbad.Infact，theyarenecessary.Theyareresponsibleforthebirthofnewearth，andforthecreationofrichsoil.Thiscancelling48%oftheworld'sflighttravelsavedabout2.8milliontonsofCO2fromenteringtheatmosphere，temporarilydecreasingourcarbonfootprint.Similarly，theaccidenthadbadlyaffectedmyemotionbutitalsoallowedmetolookmorecloselyinsidemyselfanddiscoverthingsaboutmyselfIwouldneverhaverealized.Ilearnedhownottojudgemyselfformynewlimitations.In1973，anotherIcelandicvolcano，Eldfell，brokeout.Icelandersdecidedtobombitwithcoldwateruntilitfrozeandchoseadifferentpath.Aftertheirplanworked，theyusedthegeothermal(地?zé)岬?energyforthenext15yearstoheattheirhomes.Agoodexampleoflifebringinglemons，andmakinglemonade！Onemustmoveonfrommisfortunes，focusingonlyonthepresentmomentandbeinghopefulforthefuture.IranfromApril14th,2010，toeverykindofescape.EventuallyIendedupinuniversityforanew-foundloveinEarthsciences.[語篇解讀]作者把自己遭受突發(fā)事件和火山迸發(fā)這類自然災(zāi)禍進(jìn)行類比，說明遭碰到不幸也有利處，面對現(xiàn)真相況要樂觀踴躍。4．WhathappenedtothewriteronApril14th,2010?A．Hewasinvolvedinacarcrash.B．HewasstuckinanIceland'sairport.C．Hewitnessedavolcaniceruption.D．Hewasbadlyinjuredonabikeride.分析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第一段中的“Thenextmoment，metal...crash.”和“Anothercyclist，bikingcarelessly，hadcutmeoffandsentmesupermanningtowardoncomingtraffic.”可知，一個(gè)粗心的騎自行車的人撞到了作者，作者遭受了事故，受傷嚴(yán)重，故D項(xiàng)正確。答案：D5．WhichwasaneffectoftheeruptionofEyjafjallajokull?A．Theeconomywascostgloballybytheeruption.B．Carbondioxideincreasedtemporarily.3C．Mostoftheworld'splaneswereheldup.D．TheearthinIcelandwasterriblypolluted.分析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第二段中的“Economicsallovertheworldweredisturbed.”可知，艾雅法拉火山迸發(fā)后，全球的經(jīng)濟(jì)都遇到了擾亂，即火山的迸發(fā)使全球經(jīng)濟(jì)受損，故A項(xiàng)正確。答案：A6．WhydidthewritermentiontheEldfellvolcano?A．ItbrokeoutinIcelandonApril14thaswell.B．Itsymbolizedtheaccidentthatchangedhislife.C．Ittoldustomakethebestofagivensituation.D．Itencouragedhimtoknowmoreabouthimself.分析：推理判斷題。依據(jù)文章第五段中的“Aftertheirplanworked...theirhomes.”并聯(lián)合“Onemustmoveonfrommisfortunes，focusingonlyonthepresentmomentandbeinghopefulforthefuture.”可推知，我們應(yīng)當(dāng)充分利用特定的環(huán)境。答案：C7．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．EscapefromVolcanoesB．InspirationfromDisastersC．LoveforEarthSciencesD．AttitudeTowardNature分析：標(biāo)題概括題。本文作者經(jīng)過敘述自己遭受事故和火山迸發(fā)帶來的利處及缺點(diǎn)，啟示人們要踴躍應(yīng)付現(xiàn)真相況，所以選B項(xiàng)。答案：BⅡ.閱讀七選五Youcanchoosetothinkpositivelyandseethegoodthingsaroundyou，oryoucanchoosetothinknegativelyandonlyseethenegativethingsaroundyou.It'salluptoyou.1Lookatwhatoptimistsdodifferently.Believeinthemselves.Whileothersdoubttheirownabilities，optimistsbelievetheyaregoodenoughjustthewaytheyareandconstantlytrytogetbetter.Theytrusttheirownintuition(直覺)andabilitieswhencarryingouttheirday-to-dayactivities.2Theydon'tneedeveryone'sapproval.Believeinothers.Optimistsnotonlybelieveinthemselves，butalsoinotherpeopleintheirlives.43Theyknowthatwhenyoutreatapersonasheorsheisso.Butifyoutreatapersonasheorsheoughttoheorsheoughttobe.Optimistssimplyseesparksthesparksintoaroaringflame.4

thatpersonwillremainbe，thatpersonwillbecomewhatofgoodinothersandworktoturnOptimistsbelieveinseizingwhatlifethrowsatthem.Theyarenotblindtotherisksanddangersinvolvedintakingchances，butratherlookatthebiggerpicture，theresourcesavailableandthenmakeeveryopportunitycountforamuchbrighterfuturefullofpossibilities.Forgive.betterfutureforeveryone.5Optimistsknowtomorrowisanotherdayandanotheropportunitytocorrectwhatneedscorrectingandcreateabrighterreality.A．Sohefoughthatewithlove.B．Theydowhatfeelsrightintheirhearts.C．Takefulladvantageofallopportunities.D．Becautiousaboutrisksanddangersinlife.E．Theyinspireotherstobethebesttheycanbe.F．Itisadvisable，however，thatyouthinkmorepositively.G．Thushedevotedhislifetothestruggleforracialequality.[語篇解讀]本文是一篇說明文。踴躍的想法和悲觀的想法都取決于個(gè)人，但是，本文作者仍是建議人們踴躍對待生活，并說了然樂觀者是怎么做的。1．分析：空前提到“thinkpositivelyandseethegoodthingsaroundyou”或許“thinknegativelyandonlyseethenegativethingsaroundyou”都取決于你自己，空后提到“Lookatwhatoptimistsdodifferently，”所以F項(xiàng)“但是，你以更踴躍的方式去思慮是理智的”填在本空能起到承前啟后的作用，切合語境。答案：F2．分析：本段的小標(biāo)題是“(樂觀者)相信他們自己”，再依據(jù)空前的“Theytrusttheirownintuition(直覺)andabilities”可知，B項(xiàng)“他們做他們心里感覺正確的事情”切合語境。答案：B3．分析：本段主要講的是樂觀者還相信他人。依據(jù)本段最后一句“Optimistssimplyseesparksofgoodinothersandworktoturnthesparksintoaroaringflame.”可知，5空處應(yīng)當(dāng)說的是“他們激勵(lì)他人全力做到最好”，故E項(xiàng)切合語境。答案：E4．分析：依據(jù)本段中的重點(diǎn)字眼“chances”“opportunity”并聯(lián)合“makeeveryopportunitycount”可知，本段主要講的是“充分利用全部的時(shí)機(jī)”。答案：C5．分析：依據(jù)空前的“MartinLutherKingJr.recognizedthepastwasthepastandforgivenesswasthepathtoabetterfutureforeveryone.”可把眼光集中在A項(xiàng)和G項(xiàng)上，由于這兩項(xiàng)中的he指的就是MartinLutherKingJr.。再依據(jù)本段的小標(biāo)題Forgive可知，A項(xiàng)“所以他用愛來化解憤恨”切合語境。G項(xiàng)表述的內(nèi)容跟上下文聯(lián)系不起來，故可清除。答案：AⅢ.語法填空Hello，everyone.1.isJaneScottfromChannel9News.NowI'matthesceneofaspecialrescuethatoccurredearliertoday.Thefire2.(break)outataround6：30inthemorningatthethree-storybuildingbehindme.Thecauseofthefireisstillunknown.Firemenmanagedtokeepthefire3.controlassoonaspossible.Butwearestillnotabletogetany4.(close)becauseofthepossibilityofanexplosion.Thereisalsoacrowd5.(collect)atthespot.Witnessessaythattheynoticedfirecomingfromthebuildingearlierthismorning.Itwasbelievedthateveryone6.(move)outofthebuildingtosafety.However，JennyRhyme7.livedinthisbuilding，panicked，whenshereturnedandnoticedthefire，8.(realise)thather3-month-oldbabywasstillinside.However，witnessesreportseeingthedog，thefamilydog，Lucky，pulling9.babytosafetybythebaby'sclothes.10．(fortunate)，everyoneisreportedsafe.Thebabywastakent