高中英語Unit3第7課時(shí)(文化背景知識(shí))教案新人教版選修8

英語高二下人教版新課標(biāo)選修8Unit3第7課時(shí)教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)（文化背景知識(shí)）I.語法:過去分詞作定語1.過去分詞作定語既能夠放在所修飾的詞以前，作前置定語，也能夠放在所修飾的詞后邊，作后置定語。表示被動(dòng)和達(dá)成意義,其作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句。比如：Wherearethereservedseats?(=Wherearetheseatswhichhavebeenreserved?)預(yù)約的座位在哪里？Theinjuredworkersarenowbeingtakengoodcareofinthehospital.受傷的工人現(xiàn)正在醫(yī)院遇到很好的照顧。Weneededmuchmorequalifiedworkers.我們需要更多合格的工人。Myfriendisareturnedstudent.我的朋友是個(gè)回國(guó)留學(xué)生。過去分詞作后置定語可分為限制性（緊跟在所修飾的中心詞以后）和非限制性（用逗號(hào)與其所修飾的中心詞分開）兩種，其作用分別相當(dāng)于一個(gè)限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句。比如：Thefundsraised(=whichhavebeenraised)aremainlyusedforhelpingthehomeless.籌集的資本主要用來幫助那些無家可歸的人。Heisateacherlovedbyhisstudents.他是個(gè)很受學(xué)生敬愛的老師。Whoweretheso-calledguestsinvited(=whohadbeeninvited)toyourpartylastnight?昨晚被邀請(qǐng)參加你的晚會(huì)的那些所謂的客人是誰呀?Thisbook,written(=whichiswritten)insimpleEnglish,issuitableforbeginners.本書是用淺易的英語寫的，合適初學(xué)者。Thestudentdressedinwhiteismydaughter.=Thestudentwhoisdressedinwhiteismydaughter.穿白色衣服的學(xué)生是我的女兒。過去分詞常和形容詞、副詞或名詞組成合成形容詞作定語。比如：Thenewly-builtbuildingisourofficebuilding.這座新建的大樓是我們的辦公樓。Thisisastate-ownedfactory.這是一家國(guó)營(yíng)工廠。Thisisourschool-runfactory.這是我們的校辦工廠。有些不及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞作定語，其實(shí)不表示被動(dòng)的意思而是表示達(dá)成。這種過去分詞常作前置修飾語。比如：Therearealotoffallenleavesinautumn.秋季有很多落葉。Thefilmdescribesthestoryaboutthepolicewhopursueanescapedman.這部電影描繪的是警察抓逃犯的事。常用的這一類詞有：fallen,faded,returned,retired,risen,grownup,vanished等。5.假如被修飾的詞是由every/some/any/no+thing/body/one所組成的復(fù)合代詞或指示代詞those等時(shí)，即便一個(gè)單調(diào)的分詞作形容詞用，也要放在被修飾詞的后邊。比如：Isthereanythingunsolved?還有沒解決的問題嗎？ThereisnotingchangedheresinceIleftthistown.自從我走開這個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)以來，幾乎沒有什么變化。過去分詞作定語時(shí)與定語從句的關(guān)系：及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞可改為動(dòng)詞為被動(dòng)形式的定語從句。losttime—timewhichislostawell-knownwriter—awriterwhoiswell-knownabeatenteam—ateamwhichisbeaten部分不及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞作定語時(shí)可改為動(dòng)詞為達(dá)成式或動(dòng)詞為表示狀態(tài)的定語從句。areturnedsoldier—asoldierwhohasreturnedretiredworkers—workerswhohaveretiredalearnedman—amanwhoisofmuchlearningasunkenship—ashipwhichhassunk[練習(xí)]Firsthemadealistofthenamesofthose______.Thenhebegantowritetheinvitationcards.C.tobeinvitedD.havingbeeninvitedThefirsttextbooks_____forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.A.havingwrittenB.tobewrittenC.beingwrittenD.writtenThismethod,______inareasnearShanghai,______inamarkedriseintotalproduction.A.trying;resultingB.tried;resultedC.trying;resultedD.tried;resulting4.TheOlympicGames,_____in776B.C.,didnotincludewomenplayersA.firstplayedB.tobefirstplayed

until

1912.5.WhenIgotbackhomeIsawamessagepinnedtothedoor,_____

“Sorrytomissyou;willcalllater.”D.reading6.Thepicture_____onthewallispaintedbymynephew.C.hangD.beinghung7.Nextheisgoingtowriteasciencestoryaboutouterspace_____byScienceandTechnologyPress.A.publishedB.beingpublishedC.tobepublishedD.publishing8.Theladysaidshewouldbuyagiftforherdaughterwiththe_____.A.20dollarsremainedB.20dollarstoremainC.remained20dollarsD.remaining20dollarsTheYellowRiver,______tobe“themotherriver”,runsacrossChinalikeahugedragon.A.sayingB.tosayThe_____boywaslastseen_____neartheEastLake.A.missing;playingB.missing;playKey:1-5CDBAD6-10BCDCAII.文化背景知識(shí)InventionYearofInventionInventorAirConditioning1902WillisCarrierAppleLisaComputer1983AppleAtomicBomb1945J.RobertOppenheimerleadingtheManhattanProjectteam.Ball-PointPen1938LadisloBiroMobile/CellularPhones1947/1979MultiModernComputers1936-presentMultiComputerGame1962MITSteveRussellComputerMouse1964DouglasEngelbartElectricChair1888ThomasEdisonDrive-InMovieTheater1933RichardM.HollingsheadFiberOptics1854-1970Maurer,Keck,SchultzMulti-Tyndall,Bell,Wheeler“Floppy”DiskIBM1971AlanShugartFountainPen1884LewisEdsonWatermanMultiInternet1969MicrosoftMS-DOS1981MicrosoftNeon1902GeorgesClaudeNetworkComputing1973RobertMetcalfXeroxRobots1921-1956MultiWordProcessors1960sto79MultiYo-Yo1929MultiZippe1851-1917GideonSundbackWhitcombJudsonIII.TheInventionConventionStepsforStudentsCanyouinventsomething?Canyouthinkofanideaorinventionthatwillhelppeople?Readthefivestepsbelow.Theywillhelpyoutobecomeaninventor.ThenbringyourideaorinventiontotheInventionConvention.Step1LearningaboutInventorsLearnaboutinventors.Readabouttheminbooks.Talktopeopleaboutthem.Step2FindinganIdeaThinkaboutsomethingpeopleneedinordertomakelifebetter.Talktopeopleaboutsomethingtheywouldliketobechanged.Thentellyourteacheraboutitonaspecialsheetofpapercalled“MyNewIdea.”Step3ResearchandPlanningUseyourplantomakeaninvention.Orwriteabouthowyourinventionwouldhelptosolveaproblem.Besuretofollowsciencesafetyruleswhenyoumakeaninvention.Step4DevelopingandTestingTestyourinventionoryourplan.Makesureitworksandissafetouse.TellaboutInvent