人教版英語八年級上冊第三單元Unit知識點講練

八年級上冊Unit3一、重點短語14.infact事實上；實際上1.moreoutgoing更外向15.makefriends交朋友2.As...as...與.一樣.16.theother其他的3.thesingingcompetition唱歌比賽17.touchone'sheart感動某人4.besimilarto與.相像的/類似的18.betalentedinmusic有音樂天賦5.thesameas和.相同；與.一致19.begoodat擅長.6.bedifferentfrom與.不同20.begoodwith善于與.相處7.careabout關(guān)心；介意21.havefundoingsth.享受做某事的8.belikeamirror像一面鏡子22.begoodatdoingsth擅長做某事9.themostimportant最重要的23.makesb.dosth.讓某人做某事10.aslongas只要；既然24.wanttodosth.想要做某事11.bringout使顯現(xiàn)；使表現(xiàn)出25.as+adj./adv.的原級+as與.一樣.12.getbettergrades取得更好的成績26.It's+adj.+forsb.todosth.對某人13.reachfor伸手取來說，做某事..的。SectionAPage17兩個事物進(jìn)行比較可以用形容詞或副詞的比較級表達(dá)：A+be+形容詞比較級+than+B(A比B更…)JaneistallerthanKate.A+動詞+副詞比較級+than+B(A比B更…)JanerunsfasterthanKate.形容詞的比較級的構(gòu)成。比較級一般在形容詞后加,如：tall—taller,short—shorter,old—older以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞，應(yīng)該,如:funny一funnier,heavy一heavier.單音節(jié)詞除外，如:shy—shyer如果只有一個元音字母，并且后有一個輔音字母結(jié)尾，應(yīng)該,如：big—bigger,thin—thinner多音節(jié)詞的比較級，應(yīng)該,女如outgoing—moreoutgoing,beautiful—morebeautiful不規(guī)則詞的變化需要死記：good/well;bad/ill--,many/much;little;far--(1)both???.and….表“兩者都”連接兩個主語時視為復(fù)數(shù)。如：BothyouorIright.(be)你和我都是對的either...or…表“要么…要么…”連接兩個主語時，謂語動詞遵守就近原則。如：EitheryouorIright.(be)要么你要么我是對的both表“兩者都”all表“多者都”題：ofmyparentsareteachers.WeareinChina.playthedrums打鼓(樂器前要加the,drum要用復(fù)數(shù)，架子鼓不止一個)heavy(1)重的(2)胖的，同義詞為fat,反義詞為thin.反義疑問句：前面是陳述句，用來表達(dá)自己的觀點，后面反問對方以證實自己的觀點?；疽?guī)律為前肯后否，前否后肯。后面的附加疑問句的構(gòu)成與改一般疑問句的方法相同。如：①Heisn'tateacher,?②Shecandance,?③HelikesEnglish,？⑴反義疑問句的回答根據(jù)事實用或No來回答，但前否后肯的很容易出錯，可改成一般疑問句或前肯后否再作回答。如;Hecan'tsing,?(如果他能，怎么回答)this,that和表物的不定代詞做主語，用it代替；表人的不定代詞用they來代替。TOC\o"1-5"\h\zSomethingiswrong,?EveryonelikesEnglish,?反意疑問句的陳述部分帶有l(wèi)ittle,few,never,hardly,seldom等否定意義的詞時，問句部分用肯定式。如：Thereislitterwaterinthecup,?反意疑問句的陳述部分含有由un-,im-,in-,dis-,等否定意義的前綴構(gòu)成的詞語時，陳述部分要視為肯定含義，問句部分用否定形式。如：Yourfatherisunhappy,?反意疑問句的陳述部分為Idon'tthink+that從句時，從句為否定意義，問句部分的動詞和主語仍與that從句保持一致且用肯定式。如：Idon'tthinkthatyoucandoit,?(不用doI?)陳述部分為Let's時，因為此句型用來提建議，所以問句部分習(xí)慣上用shallwe?如：Let'sgohometogether,shallwe?陳述部分為Letus時，問句部分習(xí)慣上用willyou?形式。如：Letusstoptorest,willyou?陳述部分為祈使句，問句部分可以用willyou和won'tyou。Pleaseopenthewindow,won'tyou?(肯定祈使句有時也可以用willyou?提問)Don'tmakeanynoise,willyou?(否定祈使句只能用willyou?)形容詞和副詞形容詞常譯為“????的”。①常放名詞前，修飾名詞，如：agoodboy②也可以放系動詞后做表語，用來描述主語是怎么樣的。如：Theboyisgood.副詞常譯為“…地”常放動詞后，修飾動詞，表“怎樣地做某事”，很多副詞以ly結(jié)尾，如dowell；runfast；getupearly；talkloudly；speakquietly.以ly結(jié)尾的副詞和形容詞，一般前面加more構(gòu)成比較級，但early和friendly例外。如：loudlyfmoreloudly，quietly—morequietly，early—earlier，friendly—friendlier同級比較：表兩事物是一樣的，形容詞和副詞用原形。A+be+as+形容詞原形+as+B(A和B是一樣地…)JaneisastallasKate.A+動詞+as+副詞原形+as+B(A和B做某事一樣地…)TaraworksashardasTina.notas???as=notso???as表“不如...”，常可以與比較級轉(zhuǎn)換。如：Janeisnotas/sotallasKate.(Jane不女口Kate高。)=KateistallerthanJane.(Kate比Jane更高)thesingingcompetition唱歌比賽fantastic=great好極了的Itwasfantastic/greatWhich用來問“哪一個”，回答常用“The+名詞+描述性短語”如：onewasLisa?Theonewithshorterhair.(A.WhoB.WhichC.What)win(won)贏，后接比賽、名詞、獎品做賓語，如：Hewonthegame.Hewonthefirstplace.不定式可以放be動詞后做表語，表“????是去做某事”如Themostimportantthingistolearnsomethingnew.最重要的事是去學(xué)新的東西。Theirdreamisabridge.(have)Myjobwaschickens.(feed)learnsomethingnew學(xué)習(xí)新的東西(形容詞放不定代詞后)havefun=enjoyoneself=haveagoodtime玩得開心，過得愉快havefundoingsth.在做某事中過得愉快WehavefunEnglish.(learn)二、重點句子HehasshorterhairthanSam.他的頭發(fā)比薩姆的短。than比……(用于形容詞，副詞的比較級之后)當(dāng)兩個人或者物進(jìn)行比較時，要用形容詞的比較級?！氨容^級+than”表示“比更”。一般形容詞或副詞的比較級是在詞后加-er。但要注意比較的對象。如：

IamtallerthanJim.我比吉姆高。HishairisshorterthanSam's.他的頭發(fā)比薩姆的短。Thisbookismoreinterestingthanthatone.這本書比那本書有趣。形容詞和副詞的比較級、最高級大多數(shù)形容詞和副詞有三個等級：1）原級（不作比較），修飾詞very,so,too,pretty,really；2）比較級，表示“較”或“更”的意思（兩者之間進(jìn)行比較），標(biāo)志詞than,AorB,ofthetwo,修飾詞much,alot,alittle；3）最高級，表示“最……”的意思（三者或三者以上作比較），形容詞最高級前面一般要加定冠詞the,后面可帶in（of）短語來什么比較的范圍。形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級規(guī)則變化：構(gòu)成方法原級比較級最高級單音節(jié)詞和部分雙音節(jié)詞一般在詞尾加-er或-esthighshorthighershorterhighestshortest以字母e詞尾的詞，加-r或-stlatefinelaterfinestlatestfinest重讀閉音節(jié)詞詞尾只有一個輔音字母時，先雙寫輔音字母，再加-er或-esthotbigthinfathotterbiggerthinnerfatterhottestbiggestthinnestfattest以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞，先把“y”改為“i”，再加-er或-estfunnyeasyearlyfunniereasierearlierfunniesteasiestearliest多音節(jié)詞和部分雙音節(jié)詞在詞前力口more或mostbeautifulathleticoutgoingmorebeautifulmoreathleticmoreoutgoingmostbeautifulmostathleticmostoutgoing形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級不規(guī)則變化：原級比較級最高級good/wellbetterbestbad/badlyworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther（更遠(yuǎn)）further（更深遠(yuǎn)）farthest（最遠(yuǎn)）furthest（最深遠(yuǎn)）2.反意疑問句肯定陳述句+否定提問女如Lilyisastudent,isn'tshe?LilywillgotoChina,won'tshe?否定陳述句+肯定提問女如Shedoesn'tcomefromChina,doesshe?Youhaven'tfinishedhomework,haveyou?提問部分用代詞而不用名詞如:LUi^astudent,isn'tshe?陳述句中含有否定意義的詞，如little,few,never,nothing,hardy等。其反意疑問句用肯定式。如：HeknowslittleEnglish,doeshe?他一點也不懂英語，不是嗎？Theyhardlyunderstoodit,didthey?他們幾乎不明白，不是嗎？No,Iamalittletallerthanher.alittle,muchalotabit,far,any,no等可以+比較級TaraworksashardasTina.塔拉學(xué)習(xí)跟蒂娜一樣努力?！?..（not）as+形容詞或副詞原級+as...”是一種原級比較，意思為“和（不）一樣”1）...notas+形容詞或副詞原級+as...表示雙方在某個方面不同。如：HisEnglishisnotasgoodashers.他英語不如她的好。Hedoesn'tworkashardashisbrother.他沒有他哥哥工作努力。2）as+形容詞或副詞原級+as表示雙方在某個方面一樣。如Sheisastallasme.她跟我一樣高。Irunasfastashedoes.我跑得跟他一樣快。比較級的幾種特殊用法：⑴“比較級+and+比較級"或“moreandmore+多音節(jié)詞"表示“越來越”女口：①warmerandwarmer②moreandmorebeautiful.“the+比較級+句子，the+比較級+句子”，表示“越……，越……”。Themorewegettogether,thehappierwe'llbe.我們越多的在一起，我們就越快樂。修飾比較級的詞有：alittle,much,alot,rather,even等，不能用very修飾比較級Heis_tallerthanme.(A.afewB.alittleC.veryD.many)兩個相同對象進(jìn)行比較，為了避免重復(fù)，常用that來代替前面的單數(shù)比較對象，用those來代替前面的復(fù)數(shù)比較對象。TheweatherinBeijingismuchcolderthanthatinHubei.(that二theweather)Thetreesaregreenerinthecountryaremuchgreenerthaninthecity.less與more的轉(zhuǎn)換：MathislessinterestingthanEnglish.(趣味性更少些)=Englishisinterestingthanmath.在比較級中，theother后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞，表“其它的一些”；anyother后接單數(shù)名詞，表“任何其它的一個”。女口：①I'mlouderthantheotherinmyclass.(kid)②I'mtallerthananyotherinmyclass.(student)the+比較級+ofthetwo.(the用來特指“比較…的那一個”)Heisofthetwo.(tall)hard-working勤奮的；workhard努力地工作；hardwork辛苦的工作Heis,hehastodosome，buthe.betalentedin在某方面有天賦Sheistalentedinmusic.dothesamethingsasme跟我做相同的事true形容詞，真實的；truly副詞，真地，truth名詞，事實①That's.②Hecaresaboutme.③Tellmethe.careabout關(guān)心，在乎Nobodycaresaboutme.takecareof=carefor=lookafter照顧Icantakecareofmyself.使令動詞有：make,let,have，它們都可以表“使、讓某人做某事”使令動詞后接動詞原形，即:make/let/havesbdosth.女口：①Itmakesme.(laugh)②Letmeyou.(help)③Hehadherthere.(go)laughat嘲笑某人It'snotgoodtolaughatothers.belike像；looklike看起來像(強調(diào)外表)Theteachermymothertome.beseriousabout對…是嚴(yán)肅認(rèn)真的I'mseriousaboutthat.dosth.together一起做某事Weenjoystudyingtogether.句型：It's+形容詞+(forsb.)+todosth.表"(對于某人來說)去做某事是…的”。It'snoteasyformefriends.(make)It'snotnecessarytobethesame.【總結(jié)】it是形式主語，它代替后面的不定式短語。makefriendswithsb.和某人交朋友Iwanttomakefriendswithyou.aslongas只要Aslongasyoustudyhard,you'llgetgoodgrades.bethesameas“與樣”，besimilarto“與…相似”，bedifferentfrom“與…不同”題：Hiseatinghabitsaren'tthesameasmine.=Hereatinghabitsaremine.bringoutthebestinme我最好的方面表現(xiàn)出來be/getgoodat擅長，bebetterat更擅長，getbetterat變得更擅長I'mgettingbetterattennis.(我正慢慢變得更擅長網(wǎng)球)getgoodgrades取得好成績，getbettergrades取得更好的成績should表“應(yīng)該”，是一個情態(tài)動詞，所以后接動詞原形。Heshouldhard.(study)infact事實上Infact,she'sfunnierthananyoneIknow.talkwith/to和某人交談；talkabout談?wù)?；talkwithsb.aboutsth.和某人談?wù)撚嘘P(guān)某事物sharesth.withsb.和某人分享某物Iwanttosharemyhappinesswithyou.SectionBPage24primaryschoolstudents小學(xué)生四個good短語：begoodwith和某人相處好，善于處理；begoodfor對…有好處；begoodat擅長；begoodto二befriendlyto對某人很好information表“信息”是不可數(shù)名詞。CalltheEnglishStudyCenterformore.（information）牢記：makesb.dosth.使某人做某事wmake+賓語+形容詞使某人某事怎樣如：Ourteachermakesusworktenhoursaday我們老師讓我們一天學(xué)習(xí)10個小時。Hiswordsmakeushappy.他的話使我們感到很高興。8.laughatsb.笑話；取笑（某人）女口：Don'tlaughatme!不要取笑我！9.They'rebothtall.他們兩個都是高個子。bothadje/prone/adv.兩個都用在be動詞后，行為動詞前。Youarebothtooyoung./TheybothspeakEnglish.Bothof+名詞復(fù)數(shù)（復(fù)數(shù)謂語）Bothoftheflowersarebeautiful.兩朵花都很漂亮。both…and…兩者都……（復(fù)數(shù)謂語）反義詞組：neither...nor…兩者都不…（謂語單復(fù)數(shù)按照就近原則）【友情鏈接】both與allboth指代兩者；all指代三者或三者以上如：Myparentsarebothfine。我父母都好。Weareallhere。我們都在這兒。1.BothSamandTomcanplaythedrums,butSamplaysthembetterthanTom.薩姆和湯姆都會打鼓，但是薩姆比湯姆打得要好一些。both（1）表示"兩者都”，both用在含有be動詞的句中，應(yīng)放在be動詞的后面；用在含有行為動詞的句中，應(yīng)放在行為動詞的前面，（2）both???and…表示"兩者都”，both...and在句中連接并列成分，如主語、謂語、表語、賓語等，位置比較靈活。E.g.BothNewYorkandLondonhavetrafficproblems?（連接主語）ThesecretarybothspeaksandwritesSpanish?（連接謂語）【考例】Myparentsdoctors.A.bothareB.allareC?areallD.areboth拓展:all表示“三者或三者以上全都”的意思，every指三個以上的人或物（含三個）,each指兩個以上的人或物（含兩個）。練習(xí)：用all,both,every,each填空1）MybrothersandIarelatschool?2）studentmayhaveonebook.3）TomandJimaremygoodfriends?4）Threestudentsareflyingkites,theyareinClass1.beike意為“像”這里的like是介詞。如：Sheislikehermother。她長得像他媽媽。like做動詞，意為“喜歡”，構(gòu)成短語?likesth.喜歡某物likesb.喜歡某人,liketodosth.喜歡做某事女如Iliketohavefriendswhoarelikeme.我喜歡交像我一樣的朋友。likediongsth.14.serious意為“嚴(yán)肅的；認(rèn)真的；嚴(yán)重的”beseriousaboutsth?如:Hewasseriousaboutthematter.他對那件事很認(rèn)真。$beseriouswithsb?如:There'snothingmuchseriouswithyou.對你來說沒那么嚴(yán)重。touchone'sheart感動某人betalentedinmusic有音樂天賦However意為“然而；但是”，表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，與but意義相同，但but一般謂語句首，而however比較正式，可位于句首、句中或句末，且常用都好隔開。如：Youdidn'tfinishyourhomework.Youcan,however,doitnow.你還沒有完成家庭作業(yè)，但是現(xiàn)在你可以寫了。hard-working意為“努力的”其比較級為morehard-working意為"更努力"，lesshard-working意為"不努力”。besimilarto...意為“與相似”。（注意與bethesameas區(qū)別）如：Mypenissimilartoyours.我的鋼筆和你的相似。I?根據(jù)句意及首字母提示補全單詞（10分）。TOC\o"1-5"\h\z1.Mymothertoldmeagoodfriendislikeam.wasapschoolstudentwhenIwassevenyearsold.Hestillwenttoschoolontimethedidn'tfeelwellyesterday.Atruefriendreachesforyourhandandtouchesyourh.Hewassofunnythatheoftenmakeshisfriendsl.6.1t'snforstudentstofinishhomeworkontime.Aliceisanogirl.Shelikestostaywithherfriendsandenjoystalking.Kimistallerthisbrother.BhisparentslikeEnglishverymuch.Mymathsteacherisverys.Heneverlaughsinclass.根據(jù)句意用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。（10分）Heis（funny）thantheotherstudentsinhisclass.Theboyenjoys（swim）verymuch.Hedoesn'tlikesinging,butheisgoodat（dance）Didyouhavefun（learn）something?Nellypracticed（dance）alotmorethanLisa.Hismotheroftenmakeshim（clean）hisroomonweekends.Lisapracticedalotmoreandwanted（win）.&It'snecessaryforus（learn）Englishwell.9.Heis（different）fromhisbrother.Theyhavesome（different）.10.1'm（good）atphysicsthanmysister.句型轉(zhuǎn)換（每空0.5分，共15分）likesinging.Mysisterlikessinging,too.（合并為一個句子）MysisterandIsinging.2.Sueistwelveyearsold.Ginaisfourteenyearsold.（合并一個句子）SueisGina.GinaisSue.Sueisn'tGina.Ginaisn'tSue.thinkheisgoodatplayingsoccer?（改為否定句）Ihegoodatplayingsoccer.Johnenjoysswimming.Peterenjoysswimming,too.（合并為一句）JohnPeterswimming.Jimistwelveyearsold.Timistwelveyearsold,too?（合并為一句）JimisTim.Huangleiisn'tgoodattennisasLarry.（同義句）LarryisHunagLei.TheEnglishStududyCenterneedsaweekendstudenthelperforprimaryschoolstudent.（提問）theEnglishStudyCenterforprimaryschoolstudent?LarryworksharderthanHuangLei.（改為否定句）LarryharderthanHuangLei.()l.SheistalentedmusicbutIamgoodsports.A.in,atB.at,inC.at,atD.in,in()2.LiHua'sshoesareasasZhangHui's.A.cheapB.cheaperC.thecheaper()3..—Areyourelaxingyourselfhere?—Yes.Itistowalkslowlyalongtheriver.A.fantasticB.boringC.BadD.terrible()4.It'sveryimportantforhimmelaugh.A.tomakeB.makingC.makesD.made()5.oudon'tgiveup(放棄)，yourdreamswillcometrue.A.AslongasB.AssoonasC.AswellasD.Asoftenas()6.Sheissimilarhermother.A.toB.withC.ofD.in()7.Idon'treallycareifmyfriendsarethesamemeordifferentme.A.as,asB.from,fromC.as,fromD.from,as()8.Ifyouwanttobeastudenthelper,pleasecallhim443—5667.A.atB.inC.ofD.on()9.Thisismyfriend.HeislessoutgoingthanIam.A.muchB.muchmoreC.moreD.very()10.MrBeanenjoysjokesandoftenmakesus.A.totell,tolaughB.tells,laughC.telling,laughD.telling,laughing()11.Taraandhersisterquietandtheysports.A.areboth,bothlikeB.areboth,likebothC.bothare,bothlikeD.bothare,likeboth()12.Ifyouwanttobeastudenthelper,youmustbegoodchildren.A.atB.withC.forD.in()13.heisveryyoung,hecandomanythings.A.Though,butB.Though,/C./,thoughD.But,though()14.Tomcanplaydrums,butSamcanplaytennis.A.the,theB.the,/C./,theD./,/()15.Lily'sbooksarenewthan.A.weB.usC.ourD.ours()16.—HaveyouseenthefunnymovieLettheBulletFly?—Yes，itmadememanytimes.A.laughB.cryC.SleepD.sing()17.It'simportantus_Englishwell.A.of;learningB.for;tolearnC.Of;tolearnD.or;learning()18.BettyandMaryareinschool，buttheyareinClasses.A.same;differentB.same;thedifferentC.thesame;thedifferentD.thesame;different()19.—Let'sgoshoppingatthenewmall.—Whynotshoponline?It's.A.expensiveB.moreexpensiveC.LessexpensiveD.lesscheapest()20.Now,somerobots(機器人)aretodothesamethingspeople..A.enoughsmart;asB.enoughsmart;forC,smartenough;asD:smartenough;with()21.Heisoutgoingstudentlonghair..A.a,with,B.an,withC.a,ofD.an,of()22.Thefantasticmusicmadethestudentsrelaxed.A.feelB.feelsC.feltD,tofeel()23.Someonesays“Timeismoney.“ButIthinktimeisimportantthanMoney.A.leastB.MuchC.evenmoreD.muchleast()24.Myfriendlikessingingandtalkingwithothers.ButIoftenstayathometowatchTV.Somyfriendisthanme.A.quieterB.moreseriousC.moreoutgoingD.morewilder()25,ThegirlshorterhairisLisa.A.hasB.haveC.withD.and()1.—Howoftendoyoutakeexercise?—.A.sometimesB.ThreehoursC.Atthreeo'clock)2..Peterisgoodplayingfootball,sohewantstojointhefootballclub.A.toB.withC.at)3.—doesyourmothergoforawalk？—Everyafternoon.A、HowlongB、HowoftenC、Howmuch)4.Idon'tthinkHenryisthanTony.A.muchpopularB.morepopu