2023高考英語一輪選習(xí)練題模塊2Unit1Talesoftheunexplained（含解析）牛津譯林版

第頁Talesoftheunexplained李仕才一、閱讀理解。閱讀以下短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最正確選項。Canexerciseduringchildhoodprotectyouagainstmemorylossmanydecadeslater?Exerciseearlyinlifeseemstohavelifelongbenefitsforthebrain，inratsatleast.“Thisisananimalstudy，butitshowsthatphysicalactivityatayoungageisveryimportant—notjustforphysicaldevelopment，butforthewholelifelongtrackofcognitive(認(rèn)知的)developmentduringageing，〞saysMartinWojtowiczoftheUniversityofToronto，Canada.“Inhumans，itmaydelaytheappearanceofAlzheimer'sdisease(阿爾茨海默病)，possiblytothepointofpreventingit.〞Wojtowicz'steamdivided80youngmaleratsintotwoequalgroups，andplacedrunningwheelsinthecagesofonegroupforaperiodofsixweeks.Aroundfourmonthslater—whentheratshadreachedmiddleage—theteamtaughtalltheratstoconnectanelectricshockwithbeinginaspecificbox.Whenplacedinthebox，theyfrozewithfear.Twoweekslater，theteamtestedtheratsinthreesituations：exactlythesameboxinthesameroom，thesameboxwiththeroomarrangeddifferently，andacompletelydifferentboxinadifferentroom.Theratswithoutaccesstoarunningwheelwhentheywereyoungnowfrozethesamepercentageoftimesineachofthesesituations，suggestingtheycouldn'trememberwhichonewasdangerous.Butthosethathadbeenabletorunintheiryouthfroze40to50percentlessinbothchangedboxsettings.“Theresultssuggesttheamountofphysicalactivitywhenwe'reyoung，atleastforrats，hasinfluenceonthebrainandcognitivehealth—intheformofbettermemories—whenwe'reolder，〞saysArthurKramerofNortheasternUniversityinBoston，whohasfoundthat，inhumans，exercisepromotesthegrowthofnewbraincells.1．Thestudyshowsthat________.A．physicalactivityisimportantforphysicalhealthB．usingtherunningwheelsisofbenefittotherats'growthC．physicalactivitycanpreventhumans'Alzheimer'sdiseaseD．themoreexercisearathaswhenyoung，thebettermemoryitwillpossesswhenolder2．HowareParagraph3and4mainlydeveloped?A．Byanalyzingcauses.B．Bygivinganexample.C．Bydescribingtheprocess.D．Byshowingdifferences.3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it〞inParagraph2referto?A．Exercise.B．Development.C．Benefit.D．Study.4．Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardstheanimalstudy?A．Negative.B．Objective.C．Critical.D．Doubtful.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文為說明文，介紹了一項科學(xué)研究，從而得出早期鍛煉對大腦終身有好處的結(jié)論。1．D考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容尤其是第二句“Exerciseearlyinlifeseemstohavelifelongbenefitsforthebrain,inratsatleast〞可知，早期鍛煉似乎對大腦終身有好處，至少對老鼠來說是這樣的。應(yīng)選D項。2．C考查寫作手法。根據(jù)第三段的“Wojtowicz'steamdivided80youngmaleratsintotwoequalgroups...Aroundfourmonthslater...theyfrozewithfear〞和第四段的“Twoweekslater，theteamtestedtheratsinthreesituations〞可知，本文第三、四段描述了Wojtowicz的研究小組對老鼠進(jìn)行實驗的過程。C項意為“通過描述過程〞，應(yīng)選C項。A項意為“通過分析原因〞；B項意為“通過舉例子〞；D項意為“通過展示不同點〞。這三項均不符合第三、四段的開展脈絡(luò)。3．A考查代詞指代。根據(jù)第二段的“butitshowsthatphysicalactivityatayoungageisveryimportant〞及“Inhumans，itmaydelaytheappearanceofAlzheimer'sdisease(阿爾茨海默病)〞可知，身體活動很重要，對人類來說，它可能會推遲阿爾茨海默病的出現(xiàn)。因此“it〞在文中指的是“physicalactivity〞，A項與其同義，應(yīng)選A項。4．B考查觀點態(tài)度。通讀全文可知，作者介紹了對老鼠進(jìn)行實驗的過程及其結(jié)果，并引用數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行說明，由此可知作者對動物研究的態(tài)度是很客觀的。B項意為“客觀的〞，應(yīng)選B項。二、單項填空1.TheideaoftravelingabroadreallyappealstoalotofChinesepeople.That’swhyeveryyear_______morepeopleapplyingforpassports.A.promise B.expect C.witnesses D.instruct【答案】C【解析】句意：出國游的想法確實吸引了很多中國人，這就是為什么每年都會有很多人申請護(hù)照了。promise預(yù)示；expect期待；witnesses見證；instruct指導(dǎo)。應(yīng)選C。2.Ifanyofthesesymptoms_______whileyouaretakingthemedicine,consultyourdoctorimmediately.A.knocks B.occurs C.reaches D.applies【答案】B【解析】句意：在服藥期間如果出現(xiàn)任何這樣的病癥，就立即去咨詢醫(yī)生。occur“發(fā)生〞為不及物動詞，符合句意。knocks敲，擊，打，(心)怦怦跳；把……撞擊成(某種狀態(tài))；reach到達(dá)，夠到；apply應(yīng)用，運(yùn)用；申請。3.Almostallthebuildingsnearbywerepulleddownbythe_______oftheexplosioninagasstation.A.force B.strength C.energy D.power【答案】A【解析】句意：附近的房屋幾乎都被一家加油站爆炸的力量給震倒了。force此處指“作用力，逼迫力〞，符合句意。strength指人體的“力量，力氣〞；energy“能量，能源，活力〞；power“能力，權(quán)力〞。4、ANewYorkcouplehavebeenkilledinacarcrashontheirwaytohospital，buttheunbornbaby_______theaccident.A.experienced B.survived C.escaped D.fled【答案】B5.Soubry,createdbythemen〞.A.breakup B.stepback C.stepup D.foldup【答案】C【解析】stepup加緊，加強(qiáng)，促進(jìn)，加快，走上前臺句意：索布里指出，是時候讓女性們走到臺前，收拾這些男性們制造出來的混亂了。6.—HowdoyouthinkIcan_______withTom?—Putasidewhereyoudisagreeandtrytofindwhatyouhaveincommon.A.keepup B.takeup C.makeup D.catchup【答案】C【解析】makeup和解。句意：“你認(rèn)為我怎么才能和湯姆和解呢？〞“擱置爭議，求同存異。〞7.Inordertofindthewitness_______themurder,thepolicevisitedagreatmanycitizens.A.on B.of C.to D.for【答案】C【解析】thewitnessto是……的目擊證人。句意：為了找到這起謀殺案的目擊證人，警察走訪了很多市民。8.Itsuddenlyoccurredtohim_______hehadlefthiskeysintheoffice.A.whether B.where C.which D.that【答案】D9.Inordertocooperatebetterwiththem,wemust_______ourtieswiththem.A.provide B.strengthen C.fix D.negotiate【答案】B10.WhenChinesepeoplecometotheUnitedStates,theyfightfor_______first,andthendesperatelymakemoneyaftertheyarerecognizedbyothers.A.survival B.remainder C.existence D.material【答案】A【解析】survival生存；remainder剩余物；existence存在；material物質(zhì)。句意：中國人去美國首先就是要解決自己的生存問題，然后得到別人的認(rèn)可后就拼命賺錢。11.Intimeofsocialreform,people’sstateofmindtendstokeep_______withtherapidchangesofsociety.A.touch B.pace C.step D.progress【答案】B【解析】keepintouchwith和……保持聯(lián)系；keeppacewith跟上；keepstepwith與……步調(diào)一致，尤指一起行走；D項不與keep搭配。句意：在社會改革的時候，人們的心態(tài)容易跟上社會的快速變化。12.SomesocialscientistssuggestthatWesternersshouldtakeadvantageoftheancientChinesewisdomto_______thedrawbacksofWesterners’philosophy.A.makeuseof B.makeupfor C.makeout D.makesense【答案】B【解析】句意：一些社會學(xué)家建議，西方人應(yīng)該充分利用中國古代的智慧，來彌補(bǔ)西方哲學(xué)的缺乏。makeupfor彌補(bǔ)，符合題意。makeuseof利用；makeout識別出；makesense有道理，講得通。13.Iamgladtofindthatontopofthemountain_______fromthetimeoftheRomanEmpire.A.liesancientruins B.lieancientruins C.doesancientruinslie D.doancientruinslie【答案】B【解析】地點狀語“ontopofthemountain〞放在句首，句子要完全倒裝。句意：我很快樂在山頂上發(fā)現(xiàn)了羅馬帝國時期的古代遺跡。14._______itistruethatastudent’smostimportantgoalistodowellinhisorherstudies,itdoesnotneedtobetheonlygoal.A. While B.Whether C.As D.Before【答案】A15.—IorderedPizzafordinner.Itshouldbehereanyminutenow.—Pizzaagain?We_______Pizzaeverynightforaweeknow!A.had B.werehaving C.havebeenhaving D.willbehaving【答案】C【解析】句意：“我訂了比薩當(dāng)晚飯。它應(yīng)該隨時都會到的。〞“又是比薩？我們已經(jīng)連續(xù)一個星期晚上都在吃比薩了！〞結(jié)合時間狀語everynightforaweek可知，是從過去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并且還沒有停止，故此題的時態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時。16.—Willyouregretyourfinaldecisiontoworkinaruralcommunity?—No,I_______itover.A.hadthought B.havebeenthinking C.havethought D.wouldthink【答案】C【解析】根據(jù)下文說“不懊悔〞說明“我〞是經(jīng)過深思熟慮過的，強(qiáng)調(diào)對現(xiàn)在造成的影響，故用現(xiàn)在完成時。句意：“對你的去農(nóng)村社區(qū)工作的最后決定你會懊悔嗎？〞“不懊悔。這個決定我已經(jīng)仔細(xì)考慮過。〞17.—ShallTomgoandplayfootball?—Notunlesshe_______hishomework.A.hasfinished B.finished C.istofinish D.wouldfinish【答案】A【解祈】在unless引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句中，用現(xiàn)在完成時替代將來完成時。句意：“湯姆可以去踢足球嗎？〞“除非他完成作業(yè)，否那么不能出去。〞18.—Look!Howlong______likethis?—Threeweeks!It’snotunusualherethattherain_______withoutstoppingthesedaysoftheyear.A.hasitbeenraining;pours B.hasitrained;pouredC.isitraining;ispouring D.doesitrain;pours【答案】A【解析】句意：“看?。∮赀@樣下了多久了？〞“三周了。在此地每年這個季節(jié)雨一直下個不停是很尋常的事。〞根據(jù)語境可知，空一用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時表示過去開始的動作持續(xù)至今還會進(jìn)行下去；空二用一般現(xiàn)在時表示客觀情況。三、完形填空ChrisMarlow,aministerandfatheroftwo,wouldsaythathislifepriorto2023wasgoodbutordinary.ThenamissiontriptoZimbabweturnedhisentireworld___1___upsidedown,andhereturnedtohishomeinNorthCarolinaa(n)___2___man.ItwasonthistripthatMarlowwasfacedwiththe___3___ofextremepovertythatshoweditselfdeterminedlyinthefacesof___4___childrenbeggingforfood.Oneorphanedboy,inparticular,whosleptontheconcretefloorofan___5___gasstationwithdozensofotherorphanedchildren,___6___Marlow’slifeworkforever.TheyoungboybeggedMarlowtoallowhimtoworkforhim___7___food,ashehadnoteatenfordaysandwasstarving.Itwasan___8___thatMarlowcouldnotforgetashespentthefollowingdaysofthetripdrivingthroughdustyroadsanddesperation,___9___tofindawaytofeedthehungryorphans.MarlowwentontofoundHelpOneNow,anon-profitorganizationthat___10___ordinarypeopletohelpprovidefood,shelter,andeducationtopoorchildreninAfrica,Haiti,andaroundtheworldthrough___11___actsofgenerosity.In2023hepublishedhisfirstbook,DoingGoodIsSimple,thestoryofhistransformativeexperiencewiththerealityofseverepoverty,asa___12___forotherslookingtomakeapositive___13___intheworldfromrightwheretheyare.Thebookdoesmorethan___14___peopletodogood—itputsthesuggestionintoactionwithevery___15___.“Earlyon,wedecidedthatwewouldusetheprofitsofDoingGoodIsSimpleto___16___mealsforchildreninourcommunitiesaroundtheworld,〞Marlowexplains.“Everybookthatis___17___willprovidefivemealsforchildreninoneofourcommunities.Inthefirst30daysafterthebook’s___18___,wehitover30，000meals.〞HelpOneNowis___19___workingtoaidHaitiinthedisasterreliefofHurricaneMatthew.“Weencouragethoseinterestedinworkingwiththe___20___tothinkofwaystohelpthatfittheirindividualpersonalitiesandlifestyles,〞hesays.“Andwealsolovetoseeyouadvocateforus.〞語篇解讀：本文講述一個叫ChrisMarlow的人，在他的一次津巴布韋旅途過后，那里挨餓的孤兒的現(xiàn)狀改變了他對世界的看法。于是他成立了一個組織，幫助那些沒飯吃的孩子。1.A.economyB.mapC.viewD.tour【答案】C【解析】view意為“看法〞，符合語境，即一次旅行改變了他對世界的看法。2.A.astonishedB.changedC.inspiredD.confused【答案】B【解析】過去分詞changed在本句中作定語，意為“改變了的〞，即他回到家鄉(xiāng)時成為一個完全改變了的人。3.A.atmosphereB.shapeC.additionD.reality【答案】D【解析】句意：他在旅途中看到了極度貧困的事實狀況。atmosphere(氣氛)；shape(形狀)；addition(增加)；reality(現(xiàn)實；事實)。根據(jù)語境可知選D。4.A.starvingB.cryingC.strugglingD.running【答案】A【解析】starving(挨餓的)；crying(哭著的)；struggling(努力的；掙扎的)；running(跑著的)。根據(jù)children后面的“beggingforfood〞可知，A項符合語境，即面對著一群正在討飯的挨餓的孩子。5.A.abolishedB.acquiredC.attachedD.abandoned【答案】D【解析】abolished(廢除的)；acquired(獲得的)；attached(附加的)；abandoned(廢棄的)。既然是睡在加油站，所以可以推斷這一定是廢棄了的加油站。應(yīng)選D。6.A.transformedB.transferredC.confirmedD.blocked【答案】A【解析】句意：一個孤兒改變了他的人生。transform意為“改變〞，符合語境。7.A.inreturnforB.infavourofC.inexchangeforD.insearchof【答案】C【解析】句意：那個孩子請求Marlow讓他為他工作換飯吃。inreturnfor(作為……的回報)；infavourof(支持；贊同)；inexchangefor(交換)；insearchof(查找)。根據(jù)句意可知選C。8.A.interruptionB.intervalC.interviewD.interaction【答案】D【解析】根據(jù)上下文語境可知，他去那些孤兒那里的活動(interaction)讓他終生難忘。9.A.convincedB.determinedC.preparedD.satisfied【答案】B【解析】他下決心(determine)要找到方法養(yǎng)活那些挨餓的孩子們。10.A.remindsB.equipsC.requiresD.permits【答案】B【解析】equip在這里意為“使具備；使有準(zhǔn)備〞，符合語境，即他成立的這個組織，使得普通人通過簡單的行動，去幫助那些窮孩子，為他們提供食物等。11.A.briefB.gracefulC.simpleD.courageous【答案】C【解析】同上題，即通過簡單的(simple)行動，幫助窮孩子。12.A.measureB.ruleC.toolD.guide【答案】D【解析】句意：他出版的書作為那些想要對世界起到積極影響的人的指導(dǎo)用書(guide)。13.A.decisionB.requestC.differenceD.comment【答案】C【解析】同上題，即想要對世界起到積極影響的人的指導(dǎo)用書。makeadifference意為“有影響；起作用〞，符合語境。14.A.encourageB.entitleC.allowD.appoint【答案】A【解析】句意：這本書起到的作用還不只是鼓勵(encourage)人們做好事。15.A.attemptB.purchaseC.publicationD.adoption【答案】B【解析】purchase意為“購置〞，符合語境，即每當(dāng)有人購置這本書的時候。16.A.submitB.contributeC.passD.provide【答案】D【解析】即他們用賣書的錢給孩子們提供(provide)食物。17.A.writtenB.soldC.readD.bought【答案】B【解析】每賣出(sold)一本書可以給孩子提供五頓飯。18.A.releaseB.recoveryC.reservationD.registration【答案】A【解析】句意：在這本書發(fā)行(release)后的前30天，賣書賺的錢夠提供30,000頓飯的。19.A.eventuallyB.annuallyC.currentlyD.permanently【答案】C【解析】他成立的這個組織目前(currently)正在幫助海地災(zāi)區(qū)的受害者。20.A.organizationB.communityC.corporationD.government【答案】A【解析】即指本段開頭的HelpOneNow這個組織(organization)。四、短文改錯Friendshipisveryimportanttoeveryone，especiallytome.Now，IwouldliketodescribeoneofmybestfriendswhosenamearePetou.ThefirstreasonwhyIconsiderhimasmybestfriendisbecausehehasaverywarmpersonality.Healwayssmilepolitelyatme，makemeabsolutelydelightedwhenImeethim.What'smore，honestishisgoodmanner—heneverliesme.Inaddition，heisthecaringandcompassionatefriend.He'swillingtohelpmewheneverIhaveintrouble.ThesecondreasonisthatPetouisreallyexcellently.Heexcelsateverysubject，whichmakesmeadmirehimverymuch.Tosummarize，Petouhasaverygoodpersonality.Besides，hehasagreatabilitytohelpotherfriendsandhim.Ireallylikehim.【答案】Frie