初中英語(yǔ) 數(shù)詞 復(fù)習(xí)課件

第14講:數(shù)詞之考點(diǎn)精講表示數(shù)目多少或順序多少的詞叫數(shù)詞，數(shù)詞分為基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞。表示數(shù)目多少的數(shù)詞叫基數(shù)詞；表示順序的數(shù)詞叫序數(shù)詞。

一、基數(shù)詞的用法

(1)基數(shù)詞在句中主要用作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)，例如：

ThirtyofthemarePartymembers.（主語(yǔ)）

---Howmanywouldyoulike？

---Three，please．（作賓語(yǔ)）

ThenineboysarefromTianjing.（定語(yǔ)）

Sixplusfouristen.（表語(yǔ)）

Wefourwillgowithyou.（同位語(yǔ)）

(2)表示一個(gè)具體數(shù)字時(shí)，hundred,thousand,million一律不用復(fù)數(shù)；在表示一個(gè)不確定數(shù)字時(shí)則用復(fù)數(shù)。例如：

Ourcountryhasapopulationof1,300millionpeople.

Therearethreethousandstudentsinourschool.

Afterthewar,thousandsofpeoplebecamehomeless.

Maizeisthemostimportantfoodcropformillionsofpeopleintheworld.

Theyarrivedintwosandthrees．

(3)表示“……十”的數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式可用來(lái)表示人的歲數(shù)或年代，例如：

Heisinhisearlythirties．

Hediedstillinhisforties．

Thistookplacein1930s．

(4)表示時(shí)刻用基數(shù)詞。例如：

Wegetupatsix.

Theworkersbeginworkateight.

表示“幾點(diǎn)過(guò)幾分”，用介詞past,但須在半小時(shí)以內(nèi)。例如：

tenpastten,

aquarterpastnine,

halfpasttwelve

表示“幾點(diǎn)差幾分”用介詞to,但分?jǐn)?shù)須在半小時(shí)以上。例如：

twentytonine,

fivetoeight,

aquartertoten

表示“幾點(diǎn)幾分”還可直接用基數(shù)詞。例如：

sevenfifteen,

eleventhirty,

ninetwenty

二、序數(shù)詞的用法

（1）序數(shù)詞主要用作定語(yǔ)，前面要加定冠詞，例如：

Thefirsttruckiscarryingafootbaskets．

Johnlivesonthefifteenthfloor．

（2）序數(shù)詞有時(shí)前面可加不定冠詞來(lái)表示“再一”，“又一”這樣的意思，例如：

We'llhavetodoitasecondtime．

ShallIaskhimathirdtime？

WhenIsatdown，afourthmanrosetospeak．

（3）由幾個(gè)序數(shù)詞和基數(shù)詞在拼寫(xiě)時(shí)不對(duì)應(yīng)，很容易寫(xiě)錯(cuò)，應(yīng)特別注意。它們是：one---first,two---second,three---third,five---fifth,eight---eighth,nine---ninth,twelve---twelfth。

（4）表示年，月，日時(shí)，年用基數(shù)詞表示，日用序數(shù)詞表示。例如：

1949年十月一日讀作:October(the)first,nineteensixty

2004年九月十日讀作：September(the)tenth,twothousandandfour

（5）表示分?jǐn)?shù)時(shí)，分子用基數(shù)詞表示，分母用序數(shù)詞表示。分子大于1時(shí)，分母加-s。例如：

threefourths,

onesecond,

twofifths

（6）序數(shù)詞有時(shí)用縮寫(xiě)形式：

first→1st

second→2nd

third→3rd

fourth→4th

twenty-second→22nd

三、數(shù)詞的用法

1）倍數(shù)表示法

a.主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+倍數(shù)（或分?jǐn)?shù)）+as+adj.+as

Ihavethreetimesasmanyasyou.我有你三倍那么多。

b.主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+倍數(shù)（分?jǐn)?shù)）+thesize(amount，length…)of…

Theearthis49timesthesizeofthemoon.地球是月球的49倍。

c.主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+倍數(shù)（分?jǐn)?shù)）+形容詞（副詞）比較級(jí)+than…

Thegrainoutputis8percenthigherthisyearthanthatoflastyear.

今年比去年糧食產(chǎn)量增加8%。

d.還可以用by+倍數(shù)，表示增加多少倍

Theproductionofgrainhasbeenincreasedbyfourtimesthisyear.

今年糧食產(chǎn)量增加了4倍。

2）分?jǐn)?shù)表示法

構(gòu)成：基數(shù)詞代表分子，序數(shù)詞代表分母。分子大于1時(shí)，分子的序數(shù)詞用單數(shù)，分母序數(shù)詞用復(fù)數(shù)：

1/3one-third；3/37threeandthree-sevenths.

【實(shí)例解析】

1.About________studentsinourclasscandescribethatplaceinEnglish.

A.three-fifths

B.three-fifth

C.third-five

D.third-fifths

答案：A。該題考查的是分?jǐn)?shù)的表示法。分子用基數(shù)詞表示，分母用序數(shù)詞表示。分子大于1時(shí)，分母應(yīng)加-s，因此應(yīng)選A。

2.Nine_______poundsaweek?That’sverygood.

A.hundredof

B.hundredsof

C.hundreds

D.hundred

答案：D。該題考查的是數(shù)詞的用法。Ninehundred是一個(gè)具體的數(shù)量，這是數(shù)詞不能用復(fù)數(shù)形式，后面也不能加of。所以應(yīng)選D。

3.Weoftenhavesportsafterclass,andIliketoplay_______basketball.

A.a

B.an

C.the

D.不填

答案：D。該題考查的是冠詞的用法。球類(lèi)運(yùn)動(dòng)之前不加冠詞，因此應(yīng)選D。

4.Thisis_______songI’vetoldyouabout.Isn’tit_______beautifulone?

A.the;the

B.a;a

C.the;a

D.a;the

答案：C。該題考查的是冠詞的用法。第一個(gè)空是特指，特指我給你說(shuō)過(guò)的那首歌，第二個(gè)空是表示某一個(gè)類(lèi)別。所以應(yīng)選C。第14講:數(shù)詞之考點(diǎn)精練一..單項(xiàng)填空

1.ThismorningIhad________eggandabottleofmilkformybreakfast.

A.an

B.a

C.the

D./

2.---What’sthematterwithyou?

---Icaught________badcoldandhadtostayin________.

A.a;/

B.a;the

C.a;a

D.the;the

3.---Haveyouseen_______pen?Ileftitherethismorning.

---Isit________blackone?IthinkIsawitsomewhere.

A.a;the

B.the;the

C.the;a

D.a;a

4._______sunisshiningbrightly.

A.A

B.An

C.The

D./

5.Thereis_______“h”inthewordhour.

A.a

B.the

C.an

D./

6.DidyouenjoyyourstayinXian?

Yes.Ihad_______wonderfultime.

A.a

B.an

C.the

D./

7.______sunisbiggerthan_______earth.

A.A;the

B.A;an

C.The;an

D.The;the

8.Thereis_______appleandsomepearsonthetable.

A.the

B./

C.a

D.an

9.Davidhas_______cat.It’sverynice.

A.a

B.an

C.the

D./

10.I’mreading_______novel.Itis_______interestingstory.

A.a;an

B.a;a

C.the;the

D./;an

11.ItissaidthatSARShaskilledmorethan________peopleworldwide.

A.threehundreds

B.threehundreds’

C.threehundred’s

D.threehundred

12.---Howmanyworkersarethereinyourfactory?

---Therearetwo__________.

A.hundreds

B.hundred

C.hundredof

D.hundredsof

13.---Whichisthesmallestnumberofthefour?

---_______________.

A.Two-thirds

B.Ahalf

C.Aquarter

D.Three-fourths

14.---Whatdoyouthinkofawar,LiMing?

---I’venoidea.Butit’safactthat_______peoplehadtoleavetheirhometownduringtheWaronIraq.

A.threethousands

B.thousandof

C.thousandsof

D.severalthousands

15.Weallthinkthatthe_______centurywillbringusmorehopes.

A.twenty-first

B.twentieth-first

C.twenty-one

D.twentieth-one

16.---Canyouwritethenumbereighty-fivethousand,sixhundredandtwenty-six?

---Yes,itis__________.

A.856620

B.85626

C.58662

D.58626

17.WhenwasthePRCfounded?Itwasfoundedon_________.

A.July1,1921

B.October1,1949

C.August1,1927

D.May1,1922

18.Iwas8yearsoldwhenmyfatherwas31.Thisyearmyfatheristwicemyage.HowoldamI?

A.21

B.22

C.23

D.24

19._______ChinesearelookingforwaystolearnEnglishwellbeforeBeijing2008Olympics.

A.Thousand

B.Thousands

C.Thousandof

D.Thousandsof

20.Bothofthetworulersarebroken.Iwanttobuya_______one.

A.three

B.third

C.forth

D./

二.句子改錯(cuò)：下面各句A,B,C,D中有一處錯(cuò)誤，請(qǐng)指出并改正。

1.May

is

a

fifthmonthof

the

year.

A

B

C

D

2.The

film

hasbeenon

for

half

a

hour.

A

B

C

D

3.Theboysandthegirlsoftenplay

the

footballin

the

afternoon.

A

B

C

D

4.Itlooksrain.Whynot

take

a

umbrella

with

you?

A

B

C

D

5.LiMeioftengivesussomegoodinformation

by

the

e-meil.

A

B

C

D

6.We’veplanted

twohundredstreesin

the

centreofourcitythisyear.

A

B

C

D

7.Fivemillion

of

dollars

is

alotofmoney.

A

B

C

D

8.There

are

thousand

of

childrenintheparknow.

A

B

C

D

9.Bytheendof

twenty

century,theworld

population

hadpassedsixbillion.

A

B

C

D

10.Overthreefifthof

theworld’sbooksandnewspapers

are

writteninEnglish.

A

B

C

D

【練習(xí)答案】

一.1.A2.A3.D4.C5.C6.A7.D8.D9.A10.A11.D12.B13.C14.C15.A16.B17.B18.C19.D20.B

二.1.Ba→the2.Da→an3.C去掉the4.Ca→an5.D去掉the6.Btwohundreds→twohundred7.B去掉of8.Bthousand→thousands9.Btwenty→twentieth10.Athreefifth→threefifths

第14講:數(shù)詞之真題演練（2010四川省自貢市26.1）-Goodmorning,madam.CanIhelpyou?

-Sure,I'dlike________forcookingvegetables.

A.twocupsofteaB.threepiecesofbreadC.fivekilosofoil

【答案】C

(2010江蘇省無(wú)錫市1.1)Nearly_______oftheearth_______coveredbysea.

A.threefourth;isB.threefourths;is

C.threefourth;areD.threefourths;are

【答案】B

（2010湖北省黃岡市34，1）-We'llbebackforourschool's____anniversaryceremony.

-Isee.Thatmeansyou'llhaveaget-togetherwithyourclassmatesin_______years.

A.fifteen;sevenB.fifteenth;sevenC.fifteen;seventhD.fifteenth;seventh

【答案】B

（2010山東省聊城市35，1）-Whichclasswonthematchintheend?

-I'mnotquitesure.Perhaps_________did.

A.ClassThirdB.ThirdClassC.ClassThreeD.ThreeClass

【答案】C

（2010山東省萊蕪市25，1）Thereare________peopleinthesupermarket.It'ssocrowded.

A．hundredB．hundredsC．hundredofD．hundredsof

【答案】D

（2010貴州省銅仁市，30，1）Thenumberofthestudentsinourschoolisaboutnine____.____ofthemareboys.

A.hundred;TwothirdsB.hundred;Twothird

C.hundreds;TwothirdsD.hundreds;Twothird

【答案】A

（2010廣西省定西市12，1）________girlstookpartintheHappyGirlCompetitionbutonlyfewofthemsucceeded.

A.MillionofB.ManymillionofC.OnemillionofD.Millionsof

【答案】D

（2010四川達(dá)州27.1）________treeshavebeenplantednearhere,sotheairisveryfresh.

A.TwohundredsB.HundredofC.HundredsofD.Hundreds

【答案】C

（2010天津市37，1）BecauseofProjectHope,_______childrenhavebetterlives.