初三英語被動(dòng)語態(tài)知識(shí)精講北師大版

初三英語被動(dòng)語態(tài)知識(shí)精講北師大版【同步教育信息】.本周教學(xué)內(nèi)容：被動(dòng)語態(tài).本周教學(xué)重點(diǎn)：.總結(jié)常用8個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài).主動(dòng)語態(tài)與被動(dòng)語態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換.特殊情況.具體內(nèi)容（一）被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成：被動(dòng)語態(tài)的句子一般是以“be+過去分詞”的形式來表達(dá)。如果要特別強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，在句子后加“by…”.Sheisoftenseengoingshopping.ThepowderwasinventedbytheChinese.Thisworkwillbedonetomorrow.Thisfactoryisbeingconstructed.TheteachingbuildingwasbeingbuiltwhenIbegantoworkasateacherhere.Thisworkhasbeenfinished.Theairlinehadbeencalledoffwhenhearrivedattheairport.Thebookwillhavebeenpublishedbynextmonth.（二）主動(dòng)語態(tài)與被動(dòng)語態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換1）主動(dòng)句的賓語變成被動(dòng)句的主語。（如為代詞要改為主格）2）將主動(dòng)句的謂語動(dòng)詞改為be+過去分詞。被動(dòng)句的be動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)同于及物動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)，be動(dòng)詞的人稱、數(shù)同于被動(dòng)句的人稱和數(shù)。3）主動(dòng)句的主語，置于by之后。（如為代詞改為賓格）Isawthemyesterday.Theywereseenbymeyesterday.（三）被動(dòng)語態(tài)的類型1）由及物動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成的被動(dòng)語態(tài)一個(gè)賓語主動(dòng)句主語+謂語+賓語被動(dòng)句原賓語+be+過去分詞+by+原主語的賓格兩個(gè)賓語主動(dòng)句主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語被動(dòng)句原間接賓語+be+過去分詞+原直接賓語+by+原主語的賓格原直接賓語+be+過去分詞+原間接賓語+by+原主語的賓格含有補(bǔ)語主動(dòng)句主語+謂語+賓語+賓補(bǔ)被動(dòng)句原主語+be+過去分詞+賓補(bǔ)+by+原主語的賓格Thiscompanysellscomputer.Thecomputerissoldbythiscompany.Heshowedmehisnewwalkman.

Iwasshownhisnewwalkmanbyhim.Hisnewwalkmanwasshowntomebyhim.Theywillmakethecitymorebeautiful.Thecitywillbemademorebeautifulbythem.注意：make,let,hear,watch等詞在接雙賓語時(shí)，是用不帶to的不定式結(jié)構(gòu)的，而在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中，應(yīng)該將to補(bǔ)回。Mymothermademewashthesocks.Iwasmadetowashthesocksbymymother.Theteacherlettheclassrecitethistext.Theclassislettorecitethetextbytheteacher.2）由及物短語動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成的被動(dòng)語態(tài)Suchathinghasdependonpayattentiontobetiredofneverbeenheardofbefore.dreamofSuchathinghasdependonpayattentiontobetiredofneverbeenheardofbefore.dreamofagreetobesurprisedatcallon turnonbeinterestedinbemadeof/from主動(dòng)句主語+動(dòng)詞+介詞+賓語被動(dòng)句原賓語+be+過去分詞+介詞+by+原主語的賓格Ihaveneverheardofsuchathingbefore.3）祈使句的被動(dòng)語態(tài)主動(dòng)句動(dòng)詞+賓語被動(dòng)句Let+原賓語+be+過去分詞否定被動(dòng)句Don,t+let+原賓語+be+過去分詞Movethecarover!Letthecarbemovedover.Don,tletthecarbemovedover.4）表示“據(jù)說”，“相信”等Itissaidthat…Itisreportedthat..Itissuggestedthat…5）難點(diǎn)提示：A.不及物動(dòng)詞或不及物動(dòng)詞短語作謂語，沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)。如：appear,disappear,end,fail,happen,fall,last,remain,spread,breakout,fallasleep,keepsilent,loseheart,takeplace….Intheend,hisdreamcametrue.B.當(dāng)謂語動(dòng)詞是表狀態(tài)的及物動(dòng)詞或及物動(dòng)詞短語時(shí)，也沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)。如have,wish,watch,arriveat/in,succeedin,takepartin,belongto..wehavetakenpartintheirclub.C.系動(dòng)詞作謂語無被動(dòng)語態(tài)。appear,become,feel,get,keep,look,remain,seem,smell,sound,taste..Itsoundsgood.D.當(dāng)賓語是反身代詞時(shí)無被動(dòng)語態(tài)Ifoundmyselfinthepark.E.當(dāng)賓語是不定式時(shí)，很少用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)。Shelikestoswim.

［課堂練習(xí)］I.單選。1.Thekey onthetablewhenIleave.A.willbeleft B.wasleftC.isleftD.hasbeenleft2.Yourcarneeds .A.repaired B.repairingC.torepairD.beingrepaired3.ThePeople,sRepublicofChina onOct.1,1949.A.found B.wasfoundC.isfoundedD.wasfounded4.Thebuilding well.A.wassold B.issoldC.sellsD.sell5.Theold well.A.mustlookafterB.mustlookedafterC.mustbelookafterD.mustbelookedafter6.Thisbookisworth A.toberead B.readC.toreadD.reading7.Mary showmehernewdictionary.A.hasaskedto B.wasaskedtoC.isaskedD.asksto8.Thebooksmay fortwoweeks.A.bekept B.beborrowedC.keepD.borrow9.MissWangteachesusphysics.改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)）A.PhysicsistaughtbyMissWang.B.PhysicsistaughtbyMissWangtous.C.PhysicsistaughttousbyMissWang.D.Physicsistaughtbyus.10.Whowasthebook ?A.write B.wroteC.writtenD.writtenby.完形。Inarailwaycarriage,anoldlady1annoyedbyalittleboywhokeptsniffing.Finally,shecouldn,t2herselfanymoreandasked,“Haven,tyougotahandkerchief?”“Yes,”saidtheboy,“buttheboy,“butI,mnot 3A.isA.controlA.allowingtolendittoastranger.B.hasbeenbecontrolledB.allowedC.wasC.controlledC.goingtoallow.改被動(dòng)語態(tài)。Shegavemeanewpenyesterday.Weputthefoodintheoven.Herepairedhiscarlastweek.Sheaskedthestudentstodosomeexercises.

Theytakegoodcareofthebabiesathome.以上答案請見名師面授！【模擬試題】(答題時(shí)間：20分鐘)I.單項(xiàng)選擇。Ifthework,youcangoandplaygames.A.finished B.hasfinished C.willbefinishedD.isfinished2.Itwasrainingheavilyoutside.Thechildrenweremade intheclassroom.A.stay B.tostayC.stayingD.stayed3.Kate theletterbeforehermothercameintoherbedroom.A.haswritten B.waswrittenC.hadwrittenD.iswriting4.Tomakeourcitymorebeautiful,rubbish_ intotheriver.A.needn,tbethrownB.mustn,tbethrownC.can,tthrowD.maynotthrow5.Ilikemybike.It verywell.A.rides B.isridingC.isriddenD.hasridden6.一Iwon'tcometothepartyunlessTom ___,too.一YoumeanifTomcomes,you,llcome.A.willinvite B.invitesC.invitedD.isinvited7.EveryonewhoheardMr.Green,sstory itA.laughedat B.waslaughedC.laughedD.waslaughedat8.Thechildrenmust .A.lookafterB.betakengoodcareC.lookthesameD.betakengoodcareof9.Thewomanstilldoesn,tknowwhatinherhometownA.happens B.happened10.—Isawyouwereonfootthismorning.C.willhappenD.washappened—Yes.Mybike .A.ismendingB.isbeingmendedC.ismendedD.isbeingmendingII.用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。Allthestudents(ask)tobringakitewiththemlastSunday.Aremanyways(try)tostoppeoplefromcuttingdownsomanytrees?—Whatareonshowinthemuseum?—Somephotos(take)byAmericanchildren.Thiscoat(wash)well.Musttheoldpeople(speak)topolitely?I,moften(warn)nottocopyothers,homework.Hecouldn,texplainwhydinosaurs(disappear).ThePRCwas(found)onOctober1,1949.【試題答案】1?5DBCBC 6-10DADBB1.wereasked2.tried3.weretaken4.iswashed5.bespoken6.warned7.disappeared8.founded【勵(lì)志故事】神奇的皮鞋多明尼奎?博登納夫，是法國一位年輕的企業(yè)家、藝術(shù)家。他所經(jīng)營的公司歷來就是發(fā)展美術(shù)業(yè)，但始終都是沒有看到興旺的一天。一天，他在徒步回家的路上，突然，感到腳下有什么絆了一下，低頭一看，原來是一只破舊皮鞋，