中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)歸納句子(一)精品課件

第十三節(jié)句子（一）考點(diǎn)精講精練句子按使用目的可分為四類：陳述句、疑問(wèn)句、祈使句和感嘆句。【考點(diǎn)1】陳述句和疑問(wèn)句(★★☆)考點(diǎn)精講：一、陳述句:1.定義：用來(lái)陳述一個(gè)事實(shí)或表達(dá)一種觀點(diǎn)的句子叫做陳述句，分為肯定和否定兩種形式，一般用降調(diào)，句末用句號(hào)。

2.常用的將肯定句改為否定句的方法：如果肯定陳述句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是be，have或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，在它們之后加not構(gòu)成否定式；如果謂語(yǔ)中不含上述動(dòng)詞而只有行為動(dòng)詞，則在其前加助動(dòng)詞do(第三人稱單數(shù)用does，過(guò)去式用did)，再加not構(gòu)成否定式。

3.部分否定與全部否定：有一些表示“全體”或“完全”意義的總括詞，如all，every，both，always等，凡含有這些詞的否定句并非表示全部否定。這些詞要表示全部否定時(shí)，常用none，no，neither，never，nowhere或not與any，anything等連用來(lái)表示。另外，all，both，every等和帶in-，un-，dis-等否定前綴的詞連用時(shí)，也表全部否定。二、疑問(wèn)句熟記：常見(jiàn)的特殊疑問(wèn)詞(組)what什么(可用來(lái)詢問(wèn)職業(yè))；which哪一個(gè)；when什么時(shí)候；why為什么；how如何，怎樣；where(在)哪里；who誰(shuí)；whose誰(shuí)的；whattime幾點(diǎn)；whatday星期幾；whatcolor什么顏色；whatabout……怎么樣;howmuch多少，多少錢；howmany多少；howfar多遠(yuǎn)；howlong多長(zhǎng)，多久；howsoon過(guò)多久；howoften多久一次；howold多大；howabout……怎么樣;howheavy多重；howbig多大；howtall/high多高；howdeep多深【考題再現(xiàn)】()1.(2016畢節(jié))—_____doyouoftengettoschool,Michael?—Onfoot.A.HowB.WhenC.WhatD.Where()2.(2016北京)—_____arethesebananas?—＄3.99.A.HowmuchB.HowlongC.HowheavyD.HowbigAA()3.(2015梅州)—_____isittheQomolangma?—It’s8,844meters.It’sveryhardtoclimbthemountain.A.HowdeepB.HowlongC.HowfarD.HowhighD()4.(2015廣州)—_____willtheinvitationsbesenttoourguests?—Inthreedays.A.HowoftenB.HowsoonC.HowlongD.HowfarB()5.(2014梅州)—_____doyougoshopping?—Sometimes.A.HowoftenB.HowlongC.HowfarD.HowmuchA【考點(diǎn)演練】()6.—_____peoplearethereinEmma’sfamily？—Three.A.HowoftenB.HowlongC.HowmanyD.HowmuchC()7.—Excuseme,Sir._____isitfromheretotheChildren’sPalace？—Well，onlyaboutfiveminutes’walk.A.HowoftenB.HowlongC.HowfarD.HowsoonC()8.—_____areyoualwaysstayingupsolatethesedays?—Toprepareformyfinalexam.A.HowB.WhyC.WhenD.WhereB()9.—Isthegirlinredyourfriend?—_____.SheislearningChinesenow.A.Yes,sheisB.Yes,heisC.Yes,itisD.Yes,shedoesA()10.—HaveyoujoinedtheSingingClub?—_____.Ilikesinging,butIdon’thaveanytime.A.No,Idon’tB.Yes,IdoC.No,Ihaven’tD.Yes,IhaveD【考點(diǎn)2】祈使句(★★☆)考點(diǎn)精講：表建議、命令、請(qǐng)求、叮囑、邀請(qǐng)、勸告等的句子叫做祈使句。第二人稱祈使句的肯定形式通常省略主語(yǔ)you而以動(dòng)詞原形開(kāi)頭，否定形式在前面加Don’t。中考對(duì)祈使句的考查往往從其構(gòu)成和答語(yǔ)兩個(gè)方面入手。附：英語(yǔ)的基本句型是“主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)”。如果將主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)位置調(diào)換，則稱為倒裝句。倒裝句的常見(jiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)為：so/neither/nor＋be動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞＋主語(yǔ)?！究碱}再現(xiàn)】()1.(2016攀枝花)—Ithinkyouaredifferentnow.—Ofcourse,timeshavechangedand_____.A.sohaveIB.soIhaveC.neitherhaveID.neitherIhaveA()2.(2014廣州)—Sorry,I’mlate.—_____tellmethebusbrokedownagain!A.NevertoB.NotC.Don’tD.No()3.(2014梅州)_____playwithfire._____withfireisdangerous.A.Don’t;PlayingB.Not;PlayingC.Don’t;PlayD.Notto;ToplayCA【考點(diǎn)演練】()4.Idon’tknowifyou_____toMary’spartynextSunday.Ifyougo,_____.A.go;sowillIB.willgo;sowillIC.willgo;sodoID.willgo;soIwillB()5.Asweallknow,lifeisshortbutamazing._____it!A.EnjoyB.ToenjoyC.EnjoyingD.Enjoyed()6._____callmeWangWang!It’smydog’sname.A.NotB.NoC.Don’tD.PleaseAC【考點(diǎn)3】感嘆句(★★★)考點(diǎn)精講：定義：感嘆句指的就是用以表示喜、怒、哀、樂(lè)等強(qiáng)烈感情的句子。用感嘆詞what或how引導(dǎo)(此時(shí)的what/how意為“多么”)，常見(jiàn)句式如下：【考題再現(xiàn)】()1.(2016煙臺(tái))—_____weatheritis!Shallwegoforapicnic?—Ican’tagreemore.A.WhatagoodB.WhatgoodC.HowgoodtheD.HowgoodB()2.(2016宿遷)—DidyouwatchtheChina’sMilitaryParadeonTV?—Yes._____greatitwas!A.HowB.WhatC.HowaD.WhataA()3.(2016昆明)—HaveyouwatchedtheboatracesthisDragonBoatFestival?—Yes._____wonderfulraces!A.WhatanB.WhataC.WhatD.HowC()4.(2016長(zhǎng)春)_____greatnewsitis!We’llhaveaschooltripnextweek.A.WhataB.WhatC.HowaD.HowB()5.(2015廣東)—Sofar,SuBingtianistheonlyChinesewhofinishedthe100-meterraceinlessthan10seconds.—_____heruns!A.HowslowB.HowfastC.WhataslowD.WhatafastB()6.(2014廣東)—DoyouknowWangFeng?

Hecanremember100groupsofnumbersinfiveminutes.—Yes._____manheis!A.WhatasmartB.HowsmartC.WhatastupidD.HowstupidA【考點(diǎn)演練】()7.—It’ssaidthatanAmericanteacherwillteachusEnglishnextterm.—Wow!_____!WecanpracticeouroralEnglishbetter.A.WhatanexcitednewsB.HowexcitedthenewsisC.WhatanexcitingnewsD.HowexcitingthenewsisD()8.—Listen!Someoneisplaying_____piano.—Wow!_____beautifulthemusicis!Ilikeitverymuch.A.a;whatB.the;HowC.the;WhataD./;HowB()9.—Lauraisabletospeakfivelanguages