把水放在真空中會(huì)怎么樣

飽和水蒸氣壓力飽和水蒸氣壓力，又稱(chēng)飽和蒸汽壓，指密閉條件下水的氣相與液相達(dá)到平衡即飽和狀態(tài)下的水蒸氣壓力。該壓力數(shù)值與對(duì)應(yīng)的溫度有關(guān)。飽和水蒸氣壓力原理當(dāng)液體在有限的密閉空間中蒸發(fā)時(shí)，液體分子通過(guò)液面進(jìn)入上面空間，成為蒸汽分子。由于蒸汽分子處于紊亂的熱運(yùn)動(dòng)之中，它們相互碰撞，并和容器壁以及液面發(fā)生碰撞，在和液面碰撞時(shí)，有的分子則被液體分子所吸引，而重新返回液體中成為液體分子。開(kāi)始蒸發(fā)時(shí)，進(jìn)入空間的分子數(shù)目多于返回液體中分子的數(shù)目，隨著蒸發(fā)的繼續(xù)進(jìn)行，空間蒸汽分子的密度不斷增大，因而返回液體中的分子數(shù)目也增多。當(dāng)單位時(shí)間內(nèi)進(jìn)入空間的分子數(shù)目與返回液體中的分子數(shù)目相等時(shí)，則蒸發(fā)與凝結(jié)處于動(dòng)平衡狀態(tài)，這時(shí)雖然蒸發(fā)和凝結(jié)仍在進(jìn)行，但空間中蒸汽分子的密度不再增大，此時(shí)的狀態(tài)稱(chēng)為飽和狀態(tài)。在飽和狀態(tài)下的液體稱(chēng)為飽和液體，其對(duì)應(yīng)的蒸汽是飽和蒸汽。飽和水蒸氣壓力定義飽和水蒸氣壓力，指密閉條件下水的氣相與液相達(dá)到平衡即飽和狀態(tài)下的水蒸氣壓力。飽和水蒸氣壓力數(shù)值與飽和溫度相關(guān)，當(dāng)溫度上升時(shí)，對(duì)應(yīng)的飽和水蒸氣壓力隨之上升。飽和水蒸氣溫度與壓力表溫度t/℃絕對(duì)壓強(qiáng)p/kPa水蒸汽密度ρ/kg·m-3焓H/kJ·kg-1汽化熱r/kJ·kg-1液體水蒸汽水蒸汽00.610.000.002491.102491.1050.870.0120.942500.802479.86101.230.0141.872510.402468.53151.710.0162.802520.502457.70202.330.0283.742530.102446.30253.170.02104.672539.702435.00304.250.03125.602549.302423.70355.620.04146.542559.002412.10407.380.05167.472568.602401.10459.580.07188.412577.802389.405012.340.08209.342587.402378.105515.740.10230.272596.702366.406019.920.13251.212606.302355.106525.010.16272.142615.502343.107031.160.20293.082624.302331.207538.550.24314.012633.502319.508047.380.29334.942642.302307.808557.880.35355.882651.102295.209070.140.42376.812659.902283.109584.560.50397.752668.702270.50100101.330.60418.682677.002258.40105120.850.70440.032685.002245.40110143.310.83460.972693.402232.00115169.110.96482.322701.302219.00120198.641.12503.672708.902205.20125232.191.30525.022716.402191.80130270.251.49546.382723.902177.60135313.111.72567.732731.002163.30140361.471.96589.082737.702148.70145415.722.24610.852744.402134.00150476.242.54632.212750.702118.50160618.283.25675.752762.902037.10170792.594.11719.292773.302054.001801003.505.15763.252782.502019.301901255.606.38807.642790.101982.402001554.777.84852.012795.501943.502101917.729.57897.232799.301902.502202320.8811.60942.452801.001858.502302798.5913.98988.502800.101811.602403347.9116.761034.562796.801761.802503977.6720.011081.452790.101708.602604693.7523.821128.762780.901651.702705503.9928.271176.912768.301591.402806417.2433.471225.482752.001526.50說(shuō)再多廢話也不如做實(shí)驗(yàn)→_→Step1.接一杯水（注意此時(shí)水大于50ml哦）Step2.罩上抽氣（里面的蓋子只是防止水濺出來(lái)而已，是通氣的）Step3.使勁抽真空（大概抽到了10^(3)Pa的樣子）Step4.沸騰了哦Step5.幾分鐘后沸騰停止...（注意此時(shí)水小于50ml哦，減少的內(nèi)能把一部分水變成了水蒸氣）Step6.慢慢結(jié)冰了哦Step7.開(kāi)蓋，倒出來(lái)看看，真的是冰哦好吧，不該倒出來(lái)的...

如果繼續(xù)抽真空中還能發(fā)生冰的升華...

（因?yàn)閺南鄨D上看，低壓下是不經(jīng)過(guò)液相的）關(guān)于備受關(guān)注的溫度問(wèn)題：邊沸騰