Inversion倒裝句教學課件

Inversion倒裝句倒裝是一種語法手段，用于表示一定的句子結(jié)構(gòu)或強調(diào)某一句子成分。倒裝句有兩種：完全倒裝和部分倒裝。Inversionisusedtogiveemphasisortoberhetoricalinmoreformalsituations,inpoliticalspeeches,onthenews,andalsoinliterature.

Somenativespeakersmayalsousethemoccasionallyinday-to-dayconversation.

1.完全倒裝

完全倒裝即把整個謂語動詞放到主語之前（是整個謂語動詞，而非助動詞）。Incametheteacherandtheclassbegan.Downjumpedtheburglarfromthetenthfloorwhenthepolicemanpointedhispistolathim.1)there引出的完全倒裝句：除了最常見的therebe句型以外，there還可以接appear,exist,lie,remain,seemtobe,stand等，一般都譯成"有"的含義，構(gòu)成完全倒裝句。1.Thereappearedtobeamaninblackinthedistance.

2.Therestandsanoldtempleonthetopofhillinfrontofthevillage.4.Thereusedtobeasciencemuseuminthecitythosedays.5.Thereisgoingtobealecturethisafternoon.

6.Therelivedafamousartistintheremotevillage.2)由地點和時間副詞引出的完全倒裝句：以地點副詞here,there,in,up,down,on,out,often,etc.和時間副詞now,then開頭，后面的動詞是be,come,exist,fall,follow,go,lie,remain,seem,stand等，而主語又是名詞時，構(gòu)成完全倒裝句。1.Nowcomesyourturn.

2.Hereisthestory.3.Thedooropenedandthere.

4.Thencame8yearsoftheanti-JapaneseWar.5.Upwentthearrowintotheair.注意：

1)在here,there引出的倒裝句中，當主語是普通名詞時用完全倒裝句，但當主語是代詞時，就要用部分倒裝句。1.Herecomesthepostman!

2.Hereweare.2)注意正語序和倒裝語序的語氣、意義是區(qū)別：

例：HereisthepictureIlove.

ThepictureIloveishere.

（這正是我所喜愛的畫。)（我所喜愛的畫在這里。）3)當主語是代詞，謂語是系動詞，表語是說明性的詞、詞組和定語從句時，可以使用完全倒裝句，起強調(diào)作用。e.g.Luckyishewhohasbeenenrolledintoafamousuniversity.2.部分倒裝

部分倒裝即只把謂語的一部分（如助動詞、情態(tài)動詞等）放到主語前，或把句子的強調(diào)成分提前。

1)以否定詞not,no,never,nothing,nowhere,etc.開頭的句子要求部分倒裝。注意下列句子中助動詞或情態(tài)動詞提前、甚至補充助動詞的用法.e.g.1.NotuntilyesterdaydidlittleJohnchangehismind.

2.InnocountryotherthanBritain,ithadbeensaid,canoneexperiencefourseasonsinthecourseofasingleday.3.NevershallIforgetthedaywhenChairmanMaocametoourcity.

4.Neverbeforehasourcountrybeenasstrongasitistoday.5.Notonce_____theirplan.didtheychangeB.theychangedC.changedtheyD.theydidchangedA6.AtnotimedidIsayIwouldacceptlatehomework.7.Notasingleworddidshesay.8.NowherehadSusanseenamorebeautifullydecoratedroom.9.Onnoaccountshouldyoubeabsentfromyourseminars.2)以否定副詞開頭并加狀語的句子要求部分倒裝。這些否定副詞有barely,hardly,little,seldom,scarcely……when,never,nosooner……than,rarely,nomore,nornearly,notonly…butalso等以及only后副詞和從句時。1.Hardly

hadIgotintobedwhentherewasaknockatthedoor.2.HardlyhadIleftbeforethetroublestarted.

3.LittledidIknowthathewasacompulsiveliar.4.Littledoessheknowwhatsurpriseswehaveinstoreforher.5.NosoonerhadIreachedthedoorthanIrealizeditwaslocked.6.NosoonerdidIreachthedoorthanIrealizeditwaslocked.7.ScarcelyhadIarrivedhomewhentherewasaknockonthedoor.8.SeldomhaveIseenhimlookingsomiserable.

9.Rarelydoesamoviemakeyoufeelsowarmandsouneasyatthesametime.10.Neverinherlifehadsheexperiencedthisexhilaratingemotion.

11.NotonlydoeshespeakEnglishverywell,butalsohespeaksFrenchwell.12.OnlyafterthefilmstarteddidIrealisethatI'dseenitbefore.13.OnlythendidIknowwhatIhadgotmyselfinto.14.Onlybylisteningandspeaking___studyEnglishwell.A.wecanB.canweC.doweD.wedoB15.Onlywhen______30yearsold,_____tolearnEnglish.A.washe;didhebeginB.hewas;hebeginC.washe;hebeginD.hewas;didhebeginD16.Notuntilhewentabroadthatheknowthetruthofthefact.17.Itwasnotuntilhewentabroadthatheknowthetruthofthefact.18.NotuntilJanuarywillIhaveaholiday.19.Notuntiltheearlyyearsinthe19thcentury_____whatheatis.mandidknowB.manknewC.didn’tmanknowD.didmanknowD3)由nomatterhow,however和how引導的狀語從句要求部分倒裝，因為形容詞或副詞通常緊跟在這三個引導詞后面，然后才是主語和謂語，形成形式上的部分倒裝句.Iknownothingaboutthisriver,neitherhowlong,howwidenorhowdeepitis.3.其它情況的倒裝句

1)so,neither,nor除了構(gòu)成上述倒裝句以外，還可以取代上文出現(xiàn)的名詞、形容詞甚至整句話，構(gòu)成完全倒裝句或部分倒裝句。但這兩種倒裝的意義不同。a)當so表示“也，相同，那樣”時，通常表示對前一句肯定句的贊同、一致內(nèi)容，要求使用完全倒裝句：1.Iaskedhimtocompletetheexperimentbeforefive,sohedid.2.hehasvisitedthemuseum,sohasZhangHua.3.Sheplaysthepianoverywell,sodoeseveryoneofus.4.Inwinter,thesnakecandonothingbutsleep._______.SoitdoesB.SodoesitC.SocanitD.SoitcanA5.“It’sverycoldtoday.”“______.”soitisB.soisitC.sodoesitD.soitdoesA6.MarxwasborninGermanyandGermanwashisnativelanguage____.A.SoitwaswithAlbertEinsteinB.SowasitwithAlbertEinsteinC.sowasAlbertEinsteinD.sodidAlbertEinsteinA7.Afishneedswaterandwithoutwateritwilldie._______.

A.SodoesamanB.SowillamanC.SoitiswithamanD.SoisitwithamanCb)so/such……that句型可以構(gòu)成部分倒裝句，表示強調(diào)so/such和that之間的部分：1.Sounreasonablewashispricethateverybodystartled.

2.Tosuchlengthdidshegoinrehearsalthatthetwoactorswalkedout.3.Soexcitingwasthesoapopera,thatIforgottodomyEnglishhomework.4.SomuchdidsheadoreJohn,thatshewouldnotgivehimup.5.Suchwasthepopularityofthesoapopera,thatthestreetsweredesertedwheneveritwason.7.Soloudly_____thateveryoneoftheclasscouldhearhim.A.didhespeakB.didhespokeC.spokeheD.hespokeA6.Suchwillbethehomeinthefuture.7.______inthedarknessthathedidnotdaretomoveaninch.SofrightenedhewasB.SofrightenedwasheC.HewasfrightenedsoD.SofrightenedheisBc)neither和nor共有4種倒裝形式，其含義分別為：

完全倒裝時：表示"也不"，和上文a）用法正好相反，表示對前一句否定句的贊同或一致內(nèi)容。

1.Youdon'tknowwhattodonow,neither/nordoI.和其它否定副詞連用，表示"也（不）"，也要求用完全倒裝句：

例：Thebesiegedenemycouldnotadvance,nor/neithercouldtheyretreat.（被包圍的敵人既不能進，也不能退。）注意：若把這句話改成："Thebesiegedenemycouldneitheradvancenorretreat.（被包圍的敵人既不能進，也不能退。）"就不必倒裝。Sheneverlaughed,______losehertemper.

A)orsheeverdidB)nordidsheever

C)ordidsheeverD)norsheeverdid1)用在肯定句里，構(gòu)成一般否定倒裝：

例：Allthatistrue,normustweforgetit.（那全都是真的，我們可不能忘記。）

2)部分倒裝，有承上啟下作用，表示同意和贊同：

例：A:Icouldn‘tdoanythingforher.（我?guī)筒涣怂?。?/p>

B:Noryoucould,butyoumighthavegotsomebodytohelpher.（你是不能幫她，但你本可以找人幫她的。）

3)在進行比較的句子里，如果主語不是代詞時，可以倒裝：

例：Americaconsumesmoreenergythandidourcountry.（美國消耗的能源比我們國家多。）

Herfaceisratherpaleandevenpalerareherhands.（她的臉色蒼白，她的手更白。）2).省略連詞“if”的條件副詞分句WereIyou,Iwouldnotdosuchathing.2.Shouldthemachinebreakdownagain,senditbacktous.4.____hereyesterday,youwouldhaveseenhim.A.IfhadyougotB.hadyougotC.YouhadgotD.HadgotyouB4.___tomorrow,wewouldnotgototown.A.ShoulditrainB.WoulditrainC.RaineditD.IfitwouldrainA由as引導的部分倒裝句：

a)當as作為比較意義時，即用于as+adj./adv.+as結(jié)構(gòu)中時，如果把第一個as省略掉，就形成部分倒裝句。1.Cautiousastherestofherfamily(was),shedidn‘tseemwillingtogiveanimmediatereplytomyquestion.b)當as引導讓步狀語時，和although,though一樣，當用作“盡管”之義時，可以用于部分倒裝句。2.Sherandownthestairs,quickasarabbit(ran).

3._______,therewasnohopeofherbeingabletosleep.

A)AsshewasexhaustedB)IfshewasexhaustedC)ExhaustedthoughshewasD)NowthatshewasexhaustedCc)表示原因時，為了強調(diào)起見，也可以倒裝。

1.Tiredashewas,wedecidednottodisturbhim.

d)等于so時，意義是“也，也是”2.Sheworkedhard,so/asdidherhusband._____,heisafraidtoseeme.A.ProudasheisB.AsheisproudC.ProudthoughheisD.IsproudasheA_____thePeople’sRepublicofChina_____!A.Longlive,XB.X,longliveC.Longlives,XD.Longdoes,liveA強調(diào)句用法一覽

強調(diào)句是一種修辭，是人們?yōu)榱吮磉_自己的意愿或情感而使用的一種形式，下面簡單歸納它的幾種結(jié)構(gòu)：2.Dowritetomewhenyougetthere．

1．用助動詞“do（does／did）＋動詞原形”來表示強調(diào)：1.Hedoesknowtheplacewell．2．用形容詞very，only，single，such等修飾名詞或形容詞來加強語氣：1.That'stheverytextbookweusedlastterm．

2.YouaretheonlypersonherewhocanspeakChinese．

3.Howdareyoubuysuchexpensivejewels？

3．用ever，never，very，just等副詞和badly，highly，really等帶有-ly的副詞來進行強調(diào)：1.Whyeverdidyoudoso？

2.Heneversaidawordthewholeday．

3.You'vegottobevery,verycareful．

4.ThisisjustwhatIwanted．

5.Hewasbadlywounded．

6.Ireallydon'tknowwhattodonext．

7.Notasinglepersonhasbeenintheshopthismorning．

4．用intheworld，onearth，atall等介詞短語可以表達更強的語氣（常用于疑問句）：1.Whereinthewo