初一英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)總結(jié)(講解+考點(diǎn)+綜合練習(xí))：冠-詞

1/13單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)、任何一個(gè)還是特定的一個(gè)等.也就是說(shuō),冠詞與名詞是緊密連在一起的.冠詞主要放在名詞之前,說(shuō)明名詞所表示的人或物,它不能離開名詞而單獨(dú)存在.音音素開頭的詞前面.判斷一個(gè)詞是以元音音素開頭還是以輔音音素開頭,是根據(jù)讀音而不是根據(jù)字母.<2>定冠詞:只有the一種形式.物,也可以是指說(shuō)話者雙方都清楚的特定的人或事物.用法用法說(shuō)明泛指單一,每一,任一事物類指類別特指被限制性修飾語(yǔ)所限定的人或事物類指類別詞2/13特指被限制性修飾語(yǔ)所限定的人或事物泛指人或事物類指類別知識(shí)點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)知識(shí)點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)對(duì)應(yīng)典型例題剖析考點(diǎn)1：用于第一次提到的某人或某物之前.<1>Thisisabook.這是一本書.<2>Thereisaboyintheclassroom.教室里有一個(gè)男孩.<3>Thatisaschoolbag.那是一個(gè)書包.<1>Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.飛機(jī)是一種能飛的機(jī)器.<2>Atigercanbedangerous.老虎可能會(huì)很危險(xiǎn).<3>Ahorseisusefultomankind.馬對(duì)人類有用.考點(diǎn)3：泛指某人或某物.a/an的用法3/13<1>Agirliswaitingforyou.一個(gè)女孩正在等你.<2>Ihaveabeautifulbedroom.我有個(gè)漂亮的臥室.<3>Itisanexcellentmovie.這是一部很棒的電影.相當(dāng)于every.(1)twokilometersanhour每小時(shí)兩千米(2)fivelessonsaweek每周五節(jié)課(3)twiceamonth每月兩次考點(diǎn)5：用于某些固定詞組中.(1)afew/little/bit一點(diǎn)兒(2)haveagoodtime玩的愉快(3)keepadiary寫日記<4>inahurry匆忙aknifeandfork一副刀叉acupandsaucer一副杯碟考點(diǎn)1：表示雙方都知道的人或事物.4/13(1)Givemethebook,please.請(qǐng)給我那本書.(2)Don’tworry,ifyoucan’tetotheparty.Iwillsavesomecakeforyou.別擔(dān)心,如果你不能來(lái)參加晚會(huì)的話,我會(huì)給你留些蛋糕的.(3)Openthedoor,please.請(qǐng)把門打開.ed(2)Ihaveabook.Thebookisveryinteresting.我有一本書.這本書很有趣.(3)Thereisashelfinmyfather’sroom.Theshelfisnew.我爸爸房間里有一個(gè)架子.那個(gè)架子是新的.考點(diǎn)3：表示世界上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物.(1)Theearthmovesaroundthesun.地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn).(2)Themoonisbrightatnight.晚上月亮很明亮.(3)Theplaneisflyinginthesky.飛機(jī)在空中飛.(4)Thereareabout200countriesintheworld.世界上約有200個(gè)國(guó)家.行比較時(shí)的比較級(jí)前.(1)Thefirstlessonisveryeasy.第一課很簡(jiǎn)單.(2)Sheisthemostcarefulstudentinourclass.她是我們班最認(rèn)真的學(xué)生.(3)Heistheyoungerofthetwoboys.他是兩個(gè)男孩中比較小的那一個(gè).考點(diǎn)5：用在姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前表示一家人或夫妻.倆(1)TheGreensarewatchingTVnow.格林一家人現(xiàn)在正在看電視.(2)TheBlacksarecleaningthehouse.布萊克一家正在打掃房子.(3)TheReadsarehavingdinner.瑞茲一家正在吃晚飯.(1)theWestLake西湖(2)theGreatWall長(zhǎng)城(3)theUnitedStates美國(guó)(4)theUnitedNations聯(lián)合國(guó)(1)thepoor窮人(2)therich富人(3)theold老人(4)thesick病人考點(diǎn)8：用在表示方位或西洋樂(lè)器名稱的名詞之.前5/136/13(1)JilinisinthenorthofChina.##位于中國(guó)的北部.(2)Thesunrisesfromtheeast.太陽(yáng)從東方升起.(3)Ilikeplayingthepiano.我喜歡彈鋼琴.(4)Lilyisplayingtheviolin.Lily正在拉小提琴.考點(diǎn)9：用于某些固定詞組中.<1>inthemorning/afternoon/evening<在上午/下午/晚上><2>intheend最后<3>bytheway順便說(shuō)一下<4>atthemoment此時(shí),此刻時(shí)前面用零冠詞.(1)Chinaisagreatcountry.中國(guó)是一個(gè)偉大的國(guó)家.法(1)June1stisChildren’sDay.六月一號(hào)是兒童節(jié).(2)Springesafterwinter.春天在冬天過(guò)去之后到來(lái).(3)Thateventhappenedinthespringof1932.那件事發(fā)生在1932年的春天.天考點(diǎn)3：三餐、球類與學(xué)科名詞前用零冠詞.(1)Iwenttoschoolwithouthavingbreakfastthismorning.今天早上我沒(méi)吃早飯就去上學(xué)了.(2)Heoftenplaysbasketballafterschool.他經(jīng)常在放學(xué)后打籃球.考點(diǎn)4：某些固定詞組或習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)中用零冠詞.(1)dayandnight日日夜夜(2)sidebyside肩并肩(3)indanger在危險(xiǎn)中(4)onduty值日(5)inbed臥病在床前,判斷一個(gè)單詞是以元音音素開頭還是以輔音音素開,頭要根據(jù)其讀音,而不是根據(jù)字母.<1>Heisanhonestboy.他是一個(gè)誠(chéng)實(shí)的男孩<2>Therearesixtyminutesinanhour.一個(gè)小時(shí)有60分鐘.不加an,不看字母看發(fā)音.7/138/13考點(diǎn)1：常見短語(yǔ)有無(wú)冠詞的區(qū)別.nfuturee9/13<>1.Thereis____appleonthedesk.A.aB.theC.anD./<>2.Thegirlunder____treeismysister.A.aB.theC.anD./<>3.Maryisfrom____USA.A.aB.theC.anD./<>4.Hemet____friendofhisontheroad.A.aB.theC.anD./<>5.Mr.BlackwillgobacktoEngland____.A.byairB.byaplaneC.bytrainsD.atatrain<>6.YesterdayIwent____workon____foot.A./;/B./;theC.the;/D.the;the<>7.Thereis____"h"intheword"hour",but____"h"doesn’tmakeasound.A.a;aB.a;theC.the;anD.an;the<>8.I’mgoingtoseemymother.Sheisill____.10/13A.inhospitalB.inthehospitalC.inahospitalD.atahospital<>9.Wehavethreemeals____day.Wehave____breakfastat6：30in____morningeveryday.A.the;the;theB.the;/;theC.a;/;theD.a;the;the<>10.---Thisis____filmI’vetoldyouaboutseveraltimes.---It’sgreat.I’veneverseen____moremovingone.A.a;aB.the;theC.the;aD.a;the<>11.---Tina,couldyoupleaseplay____pianoformewhileI’msinging？---Withpleasure.A.aB.anC.theD./<>12.Iwanttotryagain.Pleasegiveme_____thirdchanceagain.A.aB.theC.anD./<>13.---What’sthematterwithyou?---Icaught____badcoldandhadtostayin____bed.A.a;/B.a;theC.a;aD.the;the<>14.____sunisshiningbrightly.AnCTheD<>15.Swimmingis____insummer.A.agreatfunB.greatfunC.greatfunsD.greatafun<>16.Thereis____oldwomaninthecar.A./B.theC.aD.an<>17.Shanghaiisin____eastofChina.A./B.anC.theD.a<>18.Billis____Englishteacher.Helikesplaying____football.A.a;theB.an;theC.an;/D./;/11/13<>19.Themuseumisquitefar.Itwilltakeyouhalf____hourtogothereby____bus.A.an;/B.an;aC.a;/D./;/<>20.Thestoryis____interesting.Thatmeansitis____interestingstory.A.an;theBthe;aC./;anD./;a<>21.Let’sgofor____walk,shallwe?A.aB.anC.theD./<>22.Thisis____interestingstory-bookanditisalso____usefulone.A.a;aB.an;anC.an;aD.a;an<>23.____womanoverthereis____popularteacherinourschool.A.A;anB.The;aC.The;theD.A;the<>24.Theypassedourschool____daybeforeyesterday.A.anB.oneC.aD.the<>25.Australiais____English-speakingcountry.A.aB.anC.theD./<>26.Don’tplay____basketballhere.It’sdangerous.A.aB.anC./D.the<>27.Thisis____apple.It’s____bigapple.A.an;aB.a;theC.a;anD.an;the<>28.---Haveyouseen____bag?Ileftitherejustnow.---Isit____oneonthechairnearthedoor?A.a;aB.the;theC.a;theD.the;a<>29.Ihave_____bluecoat.A.aB.anC.theD.some<>30.Thisis_____orange._____orangeisonthetable.A.a;TheB.an;TheC.an;AnD.the;An12/13<>31.Haveyouhad_____breakfast?A.aB.anC.theD./<>32.Hewonderedwhenthedoctorcouldfinish_____operation.A.aB.anC.theD.any<>33.After_____supper,hestayedathomeandplayed_____violin.A.the;theB./;theC./;aD./;/<>34.Thereis______appleontheplate.A.aB.anC.theD./<>35.Hesaidthathegot_____"C"inthetest.A.aB.anC.theD./<>36.______newbridgehasbeenbuiltover_____HuangpuRiver.A.The;aB.A;/C.A;theD.An;an<>37.Englishis______usefullanguagein______world.A.an;theB.a;theC.the;theD.an;an<>38.Intheword"carriage",_______"r"islost.A.theB.anC.aD./<>39.Withthehelpofhisteacherhestudiedhardandgot______"A"inthetest.A.aB.anC.theD.one<>40.Ihavetwodogs.______blackoneistwoyearsoldand______yellowoneisthreeyearsold.A.A;aB.The;aC.The;theD.A;the<>41.LiDancanplay______pianoverywell.A./B.aC.anD.the<>42.What______interestingfilmitis!Ilike______filmverymuch.A.a;theB.a;aC.an;theD.the;/13/13<>43.______tallmanoverthereisour______Englishteacher.A.A;theB.The;aC.A;anD.The;/<>44._____usuallygotochurcheverySunday.A.TheBrownB.ABrownC.BrownsD.TheBrowns<>45.Thetrainisrunningfiftymiles______.A.anhourB.onehourC.thehou