高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練DaySeven

高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練DaySevenPassage1Inarecentlypublishedbook,Icameacrosssomeexerciseswithinterestingnamessuchasfishbonediagrams,lotusflowers,andclustering.AsIusedtheseexercisesinmyclasses,Inoticedthatstudentswereinterested.Theysaidmoreandwrotemore.Theyenjoyedexpressingtheirideasandsharingthemingroups.Theywerenolongerpassivelywaitingforthebell,butactivelytookpartinthelesson.Ifindthatcreativity（創(chuàng)造性）canactasawaytoincreaseparticipationandimprovefluency（流利程度）.Creativityhasbecomeapopularwordinrecentyears.Scholarinthearts,psychology（心理學(xué)），business,education,andscienceareallworkingtogetadeeperunderstandingofit.RobertJ.SternbergisacreativityspecialistandYaleprofessorofpsychology.Hedefinescreativityas“theabilitytoproduceworkthatisbothnew（original）andappropriate（applicabletothesituation）”.Thisdefinitionisuseful,aswewantourstudentstouselanguageinanewway,andtouseitcorrectlyandproperly.Mostscholarssaytherearetwotypesofcreativity:big"C"creativityandsmall"c"creativity.Big"C"creativityreferstogeniuslevelthinkingthatresultsinartisticmasterpiecesandscientificbreakthroughs.Small"c"creativityreferstoeverydaylevelthinkingthatcanbeusedinanysituation.Ouremphasisisonthelatter.WhileitgoeswithoutsayingthatanyofourstudentscouldgoontobethenextPicassoorEdison,ouraimistohelpstudentsproducemoreideasanduselanguageinnewways.1.Theunderlinedwords“waitingforthebell"inthefirstparagraphprobablymeanA.longingforaphonecall B.hopingtohaveabellC.expectingtheendoftheclass D.wantingtospeakinclassItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheauthorthoughttheexercisesinthebookwere.A.popular B.useful C.scientific D.creativeWhenyouuseaveryfamiliarwordinanewway,youare.creativeinthesenseofbig"C"creativitycreativeinthesenseofsmall"c"creativitynotcreativeinthesenseofbig"C"creativitynotcreativeinthesenseofsmall"c"creativityThemainpurposeofthepassageisto.A.showhowusefulthebookis B.explainwhatcreativityisC.discusshowonecanbecreative D.tellwhatteachingaimsatPassage2NaquelaWright'slifetookanunexpectedturnwhenshelosthereyesightasateenager,butevenwhenherworldbecamedark,theNewJerseyresidentdidn'twanttoquitsocialmedia.UsingFacebookwasachallengeatfirstDiagnosedin2010withpseudotumorcerebri,ararehealthconditioninwhichpressureincreasesaroundthebrainandcanresultinthelossofvision,WrightlearnedhowtouseascreenreadertoreadthesitethroughthetouchofthekeyboardandsoundofaroboticvoiceStill,whenafriendsendsheraphoto,Wrightoftenhasnocluewhattheimageshows.NowFacebookistryingtosolvethisproblembyexploitingthepowerofartificialintelligencetocreatenewtoolsthatnotonlydescribeitemsinaphotobutallowsuserstoaskwhat'sinanimage."Icanhaveabasicpictureinmymindofwhat'sgoingoninthepictureandnowIcancommentonmyown,"saidWright,whogottotryoutthenewtoolsthatarestillbeingtested"Ofcourse,it'sdifferent,butit'ssomethingmorethanIhad."Anestimated285millionpeoplearevisuallydisabledglobally,accordingtotheWorldHealthOrganization,andresearchconductedbyFacebookshowedthatblindusershavetroublefiguringoutwhat'sinaphotobecausethedescriptionisn'tclearordoesn'texist.FacebookhasmadeiteasiertoskimthroughthecontentonitswebsitewithascreenreaderbyimprovingHTMLheadings,addingalternativetextforimages,launchingkeyboardshortcuts,andmoreUsingartificialintelligencetodescribephotosisonlyapartoftheseongoingefforts.With1.5billionusers,Facebookisn'ttheonlysocialmediacompanythatwantstoimproveitswebsiteforthevisuallydisabledAlongwithFacebookandothermajortechfirms,TwitterandLinkedInhavetheirownaccessibilityteamsandbelongtoaninitiativecalled"TeachingAccessibility."JeffWieland,Facebook'sheadofaccessibilityengineering,saidthegroupwantstoeducatemoreengineers,especiallyearlyincollege,aboutdesigningproductsthatarecompatiblewiththedisabledandothers"Wereallydon'twantaccessibilitytobetheluxuryofahandfulofcompanies,"Wielandsaid"Wewanteverythingaroundtheworldtobebuiltwithaccessibilityinmind."WhattoolhelpsthevisuallydisabledtoreadFacebook?A.Ascreenreader B.AspecialkeyboardC.Ahelpfulrobot D.HTMLheadingsWhatcanbeinferredfromthepassageaboutthenewtoolcreatedbyFacebook?Itaddsalotofshortcutsonthekeyboard.Ithelpsuserstoemploytheirsensesotherthansight.Itmeetsnocompetitorswithitsadvancedtechnology.Itinspiresmoreengineerstoexploreartificialintelligence.Theunderlinedphraseinthelastparagraph"arecompatiblewith"mostprobablymeans.A.areunaffordableto B.bringharmtoC.keepcompanyof D.wellsuitWhichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthispassage?Screenreader：tooltoaccesssocialmedia.Ongoingefforts：strengthtoimprovewebsites.Artificialintelligence：powertohelptheblind.Teachingaccessibility：initiativetoeducateengineers.Passage3Attheendoftheeighthcentury,theScandinaviansknownasVikingstooktotheseas,travellingtoareasincludingIceland,Greenland,England,Ireland,France,andRussia,andevenreachingtheshoresofAmericasome500yearsbeforeColumbus.TheVikings'creativityinshipbuildingwascentraltoconstructingtheirempire.Usingthegreatlongboatitselfbearswitnesstotheiroutstandingskillsinthesea.TheirshipsweredesignedandbuiltwithuncommoncreativitytoservetheVikings'purpose.Thesecretisfoundinitsuniqueconstruction.TheinventionofthelongestmeantVikingscouldtravelvastdistancesoverroughopenwater.Incontraststomodernsailboats,thelongboatwasjoinedtogetherwithenoughspacingsothattheboatwasflexible.Itcouldbendasitrodeoverwavesflexibly.Unbelievably,simpletoolssuchasaxesandhammerswereallthatcarpentersusedtoconstructaship.Additionally,onekindoflongboatcouldridehighbyskimmingthewaterswiftlytotransportacrewofabout30.Thisfastshiphadadraftofaslittleas20inches,allowingnavigationinextremelyshallowwater.WhileitsshallowdraftanddesignofconstructionmadeVikinglongboatasuperiorvessel,theseamanshipoftheNorsemanwasthemostdecisivethinginthesuccessoftheirboats.Forexample,Vikingsnavigatedbylookingattheskythroughacrystal,whichwasknownassunstone.TheVikings'outstandingtalentsinshipconstructing,coupledwiththeirextraordinaryskillsasnavigators,greatlyaffectedScandinavia.Inturn,throughtheirexplorations,theVikingsinfluencedtherestoftheworld.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirst2paragraphs?A.Vikings'desireforexplorationwasessentialtothefoundationoftheirempireB.Theuniquedesignofthelongboatguaranteesitsflexibility.Vikings'longboatresemblesmodernsailboatsinmanyways.Theproceduresandtoolsrequiredtoconstructtheshipwerehighlycomplex.BygivingadetaileddescriptionofVikings'shipsinparagraph2,theauthorintendstoshow.seavoyageswerefullofdangersinthepastshipbuildingusedtobeareallydifficultjob.constructingVikings'shipswasawell-keptsecret.Vikings'shipshelpedthemperformwellonvoyages.Theunderlinedword"seamanship"inparagraph3mostnearlymeans.thequalitiesofthesailorstheadvancedtechnologytheskillinsailingashiptheskillinbuildingashipThecentralideaofthepassageisthatVikings.hadadeeploveforglobalexplorationhelpedmaptheknownworldoftheirtimewereexcellentshipbuildersandseavoyagersledEuropeanpeoplesintechnologicalrevolutionPassage4ThefinalresultsofBest-EverTeenFictionvotearein.Whileit,snosurprisetoseeHarryPotterandTheHungerGamesseriesontop,thisyear,slistalsohighlightssomewritersweweren,tasfamiliarwith.Forexample,JohnGreen,authorofTheFaultinOurStars,appearsfivetimesinthetop100.Summer,likeyouth,passesquickly.Butthebookswereadwhenwe,reyoungcanstaywithusforalifetime.Thefollowingarethetop4onthelist.Enjoy.HarryPotterseriesTheHarryPotterbooksmakeupthepopularserieswrittenbyJ.K.Rowing.Theseriesincludessevenbooks.Thebooksconcernawizard（魔法師）calledHarryPotterandhisjourneythroughHogwartsSchoolofWitchcraftandWizardry.ThestoriestellofhimovercomingdangerousobstaclestodefeatthedarkwizardLordVldemortwhokilledhisparentswhenHarrywas15monthsold.TheHungerGamesseriesIntheruinsofafutureNorthAmerica,ayounggirlispickedtoleaveherpoordistrictandtraveltoCapitolforabattletothedeathinthecruelHungerGames.ButforKatnissEverdeen,themaincharacterinthisseriesbySuzanneCollins,winningtheGamesonlyputsherdeeperindangerasthestrictsocialorderofPanembeginstounravel（瓦解）.ToKillaMockingbirdAuthorHarperLeeexploresracialtensionsinthefictional“tiredoldtown”ofMaycomb,Ala.,throughtheeyesof6-year-oldScoutFinch.Asherlawyerfather,Atticus,defendsablackmanaccusedofacrime,ScoutandherfriendslearnabouttheunjusttreatmentofAfrican-Americans—andtheirmysteriousneighbor,BooRadley.ThefaultinOurStarsHazelGrace,ateenagegirl,hasgotallsortsofcancerinsideherbody,andherlungsaren,tworkingverywell.Sheknowssheisdyinganddoesn,tliveinhopeanymore.WhenamannamedAugustusWaterssuddenlyappearsattheCancerKidSupportGroup,Hazel,sstoryisabouttobecompletelyrewritten.WhatdoweknowaboutJohnGreen?Oneofhisnovelstopsthelist.Manyofhisnovelsareverypopular.Heisthefavoritewriterofmanyteens.Hewasawell-knownwriterlongbeforethevote.WhoistheauthorofTheHungerGamesseries?HarperLee.JohnGreen.J.K.Rowling.SuzanneCollins.WhatisToKillaMockingbirdmainlyabout?Lifelongfriendships.Racialdiscrimination.Amanworkingasalawyer.Alittlegirl,sdifficultchildhood.HazelinTheFaultinOurStars.isveryoptimisticwritesagreatstorymakesmanymistakesischangedbyAugustus.Inwhichpartofanewspapercanwefindthetextprobably?Sports.News.Literature.Entertainment.Passage5IvisitedElbalastJune,joiningMaryandJohnonabicyclingvacation.Theymadethearrangementsforthecar,hotelandbicycles.Istudiedthehistoryoftheisland,whichofcourseparticularlyfeaturesNapoleon.Napoleon(nowIknow)pickedElbaasaplaceforpeacewhenhewasforcedtogiveupthethrone任權(quán))asEmperorofFrancein1814.Farfrombeingaprisonisland,Elbaisbeautifulwithtoweringmountains,thickforestsandsweepingbaysandbeaches.Itisalsoanislandfilledwithtreasure.Veryearlyonthisisland,localsdiscoveredrichdepositsofiron.Soonoutsiders,too,discoveredtheironand150othervaluablemineralsonthislittlepieceofland.LongbeforeEtruscansandotherGreekssetfootonit,DorianshadmovedinbythetenthcenturyB.C.andwereminingtheisland.TheRomansrulednext,obtainingthemineralsandbuildinggrandhousesoverlookingthesea.Fromthetwelfthcenturyuntilthenineteenth,theislandwastradedbackandforthandwaspassedtoFrancein1802.ThencameNapoleon,thenewrulerofElba.IwaseagertovisithishouseinPortoferraio.TheEmperorlivedwithhiscourtandhismother,buthiswife,MarieLouisehadensconcedherselfinthesplendidViennesepalaceofherfather,EmperorofAustria.Shelivedsafelythereandshowedlittleinterestinvisitingherhusbandinhismini-kingdom.Apparently,Napoleonwasn,ttroubledmuchbythis.Hewastoobusyridingeverywhereonhorseback,buildingroads,modernizingagricultureand,aboveall,sharpeninghistinyarmyandnavyintoreadinessforhisescape.IntheformalgardensbehindthehouseitseemedtomethatIcouldimaginetheexiled（流放的）conqueror,sanxiousthoughts.HemightgazeoverwhereIstoodnow,towardthelighthouseoftheStellafort,thesandybay,andacrossit,thegreenmountainsoftheTuscancoast.NapoleonspentonlytenmonthsherebeforemakinghisvictoriousreturntoFranceandthethrone.WhatdidtheauthordoforthevisittoElba?Hedidresearchonitspast.Hearrangedtransportation.Heplannedbicyclingroutes.Hebookedaccommodation.WhomightbetheearliestoutsiderstoElbaaccordingtothetext?A.Napoleonandhisarmy.B.Etruscans andotherGreeks.C.Dorians. D. Romans.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ensconced”probablymean?A.Settled. B. Locked.C.Cured. D. Controlled.Whatcametotheauthor,smindduringhisvisittoNapoleon,sgardens?BeautifulviewsonElba.TerriblelivingconditionsonElba.Napoleon,sambitiontoregainpower.HardshipofNapoleon'sreturntoFrance.參考答案Passage1C推理判斷題。選項(xiàng)A,渴望接到一個(gè)電話；選項(xiàng)B,希望得到一個(gè)鐘；選項(xiàng)C,期待下課；選項(xiàng)D,想在課堂上講話。從原文所述學(xué)生們對(duì)課程不感興趣，希望早點(diǎn)下課可以得出結(jié)論，正確答案為C。D推理判斷題。題目問(wèn)的是作者認(rèn)為這些練習(xí)怎么樣。選項(xiàng)A，受歡迎的；選項(xiàng)B，有用的；選項(xiàng)C，科學(xué)的；選項(xiàng)D，有創(chuàng)造性的。根據(jù)原文第一段最后一句話“Ifindthatcreativitycanactasawaytoincreaseparticipationandimprovefluency.“我們可以看出作者認(rèn)為這些練習(xí)是創(chuàng)造性的，因此正確答案為D。B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題目問(wèn)的是當(dāng)你用新的方式運(yùn)用一個(gè)非常熟悉的詞時(shí)，你是怎樣的。選項(xiàng)A，在big“C”creativity方面有創(chuàng)造性；選項(xiàng)B，在small“c”creativity方面有創(chuàng)造性；選項(xiàng)C，在big“C”creativity方面沒(méi)有創(chuàng)造性；選項(xiàng)D，在small"c”creativity方面沒(méi)有創(chuàng)造性。根據(jù)原文最后一段倒數(shù)第三句話“Small‘c’creativityreferstoeverydaylevelthinkingthatcanbeusedinanysituation.”題目所提及的內(nèi)容符合small飛”的定義，因此正確答案為B。B主旨題。選項(xiàng)A，說(shuō)明這本書非常有用；選項(xiàng)B，解釋什么是創(chuàng)造性；選項(xiàng)C，討論如何變得有創(chuàng)造性；選項(xiàng)D，告訴大家教學(xué)的目的。根據(jù)原文，作者通過(guò)自身的體驗(yàn)，介紹了small"c”creativity和big"C”creativity，說(shuō)明創(chuàng)造力的重要作用，因此正確答案為B。Passage2A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干中的關(guān)鍵詞為thevisuallydisabled。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞，可以定位到第二段：WrightlearnedhowtouseascreenreadertoreadthesitethroughthetouchofthekeyboardandsoundofaroboticvoiceStill,whenafriendsendsheraphoto,Wrightoftenhasnocluewhattheimageshows.由關(guān)鍵詞所在句子可知，屏幕閱讀器可幫助視障人士閱讀Facebook,故選A。B推斷題。thenewtoolcreatedbyFacebook第三段"NowFacebookistryingtosolvethisproblembyexploitingthepowerofartificialintelligencetocreatenewtoolsthatnotonlydescribeitemsinaphotobutallowsuserstoaskwhat'sinanimage.,是相關(guān)內(nèi)容。根據(jù)相關(guān)原文可知,Facebook創(chuàng)建的新工具可幫助用戶使用視覺(jué)以外的感官故選B。D猜詞題之短語(yǔ)。本題定位句在最后一段：Facebook'sheadofaccessibilityengineering,saidthegroupwantstoeducatemoreengineers,especiallyearlyincollege,aboutdesigningproductsthatarecompatiblewiththedisabledandothers.才艮據(jù)定位句可知，F(xiàn)acebook的無(wú)障礙工程主管表示，該集團(tuán)希望教育更多的工程師，特別是在大學(xué)早期，設(shè)計(jì)適合殘疾人和其他人兼容的產(chǎn)品，故arecompatiblewith意為“適合”，故選D。C最佳標(biāo)題題。閱讀全文，根據(jù)上下文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要講述了人們利用人工智能來(lái)幫助盲人瀏覽Facebook故選C。第一、二段，通過(guò)一個(gè)失去視力的年輕人的例子，引出了視障人士可以通過(guò)屏幕閱讀器來(lái)進(jìn)行一些媒體的閱讀。第三段開始，主要在介紹Facebook正在嘗試通過(guò)技術(shù)，來(lái)發(fā)明一些工具，幫助視障人士進(jìn)行閱讀。故可知，本文主要講述了人們利用人工智能來(lái)幫助盲人瀏覽Facebook,因此答案為C。Passage3B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的句子"Incontraststomodernsailboats,thelongboatwasjoinedtogetherwithenoughspacingsothattheboatwasflexible."可知，長(zhǎng)舟獨(dú)特的設(shè)計(jì)保證了它的靈活性。故選BD推理題。根據(jù)文章第二段的句子"TheirshipsweredesignedandbuiltwithuncommoncreativitytoservetheVikings'purpose."可知，維京人的船幫助他們?cè)诤叫兄斜憩F(xiàn)良好。故選DC猜詞題。考查根據(jù)上下文推斷單詞和短語(yǔ)的含義。根據(jù)劃線句子下面的"Forexample,Vikingsnavigatedbylookingattheskythroughacrystal,whichwasknownassunstone."例如，Vikings通過(guò)一個(gè)被稱為太陽(yáng)石的水晶看天空。可知，"seamanship"指的是"航海的技術(shù)"。故選CC主旨題。根據(jù)全文和第三段的句子叮卜?Vikings'outstandingtalentsinshipconstructing,coupledwiththeirextraordinaryskillsasnavigators,greatly