混凝土各設(shè)備案例課件 常見故障及車載泵

車載式混凝土泵車使用說明書全國服務(wù)監(jiān)督專線（GlobalCustomersServiceCenterTelephone）：800-878-61127-PAGE1CHAPTER7車載泵及輸送管路設(shè)置TRUCK-MOUNTEDCONCRETELINEPUMPERECTIONANDPIPELINELAYING車載泵的設(shè)置TRUCK-MOUNTEDCONCRETELINEPUMPERECTION輸送管路布置PIPELINELAYING輸送管配管換算THELENGTHCONVERSIONOFPIPELINE

一、車載泵的設(shè)置Truck-mountedconcretelinepumperection1、車載泵的設(shè)置，應(yīng)遠(yuǎn)離斜坡、堤壩、凹坑、壕溝。應(yīng)考慮攪拌運(yùn)輸車或現(xiàn)場攪拌上料方便，并盡可能縮短管路布置線路。Truck-mountedconcretelinepumpshouldbepositionedinsuchmannersthatkeepitawayfromslope,dam,pit,ditch,thehoppercanbefedconvenientlybytruckmixersandmixingconcreteinsitu,andchoosetheshortpipelinelaying.2、車載泵必須放置在堅固平整的地面上，最好澆注一塊平整的混凝土基礎(chǔ)。同時搭建簡易工棚。Placethetruck-mountedconcretelinepumponthefirmandhorizontalground,aevenconcretefoundationisbetter,setupasimpleshelteratthesametime.3、當(dāng)泵機(jī)到達(dá)設(shè)定位置，應(yīng)用液壓支腿油缸調(diào)整其高度，保證料斗門開關(guān)自如，清料方便。Whenthemachinearrivesatthescheduledlocation,Placepumponthescheduledground;adjustitsheightwithjacktillthesupportingwheelleavesgroundandthehopperdoorcanbeopenedandclosed;thenfixthesettledoutrigger；Ifthepumppositionkeepsimmobileforlongtime,youcandischargethetiresofthepump.fig.7-14、在車載泵設(shè)置的場地周圍，應(yīng)確保水源充分，使用安全。并架設(shè)應(yīng)有的照明設(shè)備。Thereareenoughwaterresourceandilluminationequipmentaroundpumpingsite.5、泵機(jī)周圍必須保證有1米的工作空間，以便操作和維修。Ensure1mworkingspacearoundtheconcretepumpforoperateandmaintain.6、由低壓狀態(tài)泵送轉(zhuǎn)換為高壓泵送狀態(tài)時，必須重新固定泵機(jī)，使之牢固可靠。Whenswitchpumpingstatefromlowpressuretohighpressure,youmustfastenconcretepumpsecurelyagain.

二、輸送管路布置Pipelinelaying泵出口管路布置形式Outletpipelinelayingfortruck-mountedconcretelinepump泵出口管路布置形式有三種，根據(jù)現(xiàn)場施工形式而定（見圖）Accordingtoconstructionschemesinsitu,therearethreetypesofoutletpipelinelayingfortruck-mountedconcretelinepump:fig.7-2泵機(jī)出料口布管形式theOutletpipelinelayingeq\o\ac(○,1)直接聯(lián)接：泵出口與錐管聯(lián)接后，筆直往前設(shè)置。Straightconnection:connectthepumpoutletwiththeconicalpipe,thenlaypipelinestraightlyforward.eq\o\ac(○,2)U形聯(lián)接：泵出口與錐管聯(lián)接后，并接3米直管接兩個90°彎管成180°水平彎管。Utypeconnection:Jointhepumpoutletandtheconicalpipe,thenconnecta3mstraightpipeandtwo90°elbows.eq\o\ac(○,3)L形聯(lián)接：泵出口與錐管聯(lián)接后，并接3米直管，接一個90°彎管。Ltypeconnection:Jointhepumpoutletandtheconicalpipe,thenjoinastraightpipe(3m)anda90°elbow.不同的聯(lián)接方式各有其優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)。直接聯(lián)接，泵送阻力小，但泵送高度較大時，混凝土容易倒流，適合于水平或水平以下輸送混凝土；U形聯(lián)接，泵送阻力較大，但泵送高度較大時，混凝土不容易倒流，適合于大高度泵送；L形聯(lián)接，泵送阻力介于上兩者之間，但橫向反作用力大，因此錐管處應(yīng)有牢固的固定。Differentconnectiontypesshowdifferentadvantageanddisadvantage.ForStraightconnection,pumpingresistanceissmall,butwhenpumpingtohighstory,theconcretemayflowbackwardseasily,sothistypeissuitabletodeliveryconcretehorizontallyordownwards.ForUconnection,pumpingresistanceisbig,buttheconcretedoesn’tflowbackwardseasily,sothistypeissuitabletodeliveryconcretetohighstory.ForLconnection,pumpingresistanceisbetweenthetwotypesabove,buttransversecounterforceisbig,sotheconicalpipeshouldbefastenedfirmly.管路布置基本原則Thebasicprincipleforpipelinelayingeq\o\ac(○,1)混凝土輸送管路絕不允許承受任何外界拉力；Deliverylinesshouldbelaidtoavoidanyexternaltensilestress.eq\o\ac(○,2)管路布置應(yīng)按最短距離和最少彎頭的原則來鋪設(shè)；Deliverylinesshouldbelaidaccordingtotheprincipleofshortestdistanceandleastelbows.eq\o\ac(○,3)輸送管路應(yīng)布置在人員易接近處，以便清理和更換輸送管路；Deliverylinesshouldbelaidinsuchmannerthatpersonnelcouldeasilyapproachinordertocleanandreplace.eq\o\ac(○,4)各管路必須保證聯(lián)接牢固、穩(wěn)定，彎管處加設(shè)牢固的固定點(diǎn)，以免泵送時管路產(chǎn)生搖晃、松脫；Deliverylinesmustbesecurelyfastened,andaddfixingpointatelbowsoastoavoidpipelineslooseorvibration.eq\o\ac(○,5)各管卡不應(yīng)與地面或支撐物相接觸，應(yīng)留有一定的間隙，便于拆裝，同時各管卡一定要緊到位，保證接頭密封嚴(yán)密，不漏漿，不漏氣；Couplingsshouldnottouchgroundandsupportingbracket,keepacertaingapinordertodismantlethemeasily.Fastencouplingsandtoguaranteethemsealedandnoleakage.eq\o\ac(○,6)水平管路鋪設(shè)不應(yīng)懸空，必須有牢固的支撐，輸送管路工作時間很長時，管路必須有木撐襯墊；Horizontaldeliverylinesmustbelaidwithsupporting,ifworkingforalongtime;pipelinemustbesupportedbywoodpillow.fig.7-3eq\o\ac(○,7)泵機(jī)出口錐管處，不允許直接接彎管，至少應(yīng)接入5米以上直管，再接彎管；Don’tconnectelbowdirectlyattheconicalpipeofmachineoutlet,atleast,youshouldjoina5mstraightpipe,thenotherelbow.eq\o\ac(○,8)離泵機(jī)3-5米處的輸送管路要澆注一個體積為1-2m3的混凝土塊來固定輸送管，以吸收泵送混凝土流動時的反作用力，使泵機(jī)平穩(wěn)和減少混凝土輸送管路的振動；Aconcreteblock(1~2m3)whichis3~5mawayfromthemachineisneededtofixthepipelinesinordertoabsorbcounterforceduringoperationandreducevibration,enhancethestabilizationofthemachine.fig.7-4eq\o\ac(○,9)管路布置應(yīng)滿足先澆注最遠(yuǎn)處，然后依次后退避免泵送過程中接管，影響作業(yè)；Deliverylineslayingshouldmeetthefollowingrequirement,placingconcreteatthefarplacefirstlysoastoavoidpipesconnectionduringoperation.eq\o\ac(○,10)夏季，管路在強(qiáng)烈陽光照射下，由于混凝土過熱，引起脫水，容易導(dǎo)致堵管，因此在管路上加蓋濕草袋或其它防護(hù)品；冬季，氣溫在-5℃時，輸送管道上應(yīng)加蓋草袋保溫，保證混凝土入模溫度；Insummer,pipelinesexposedtothesunlightwillcauseblockage,becauseoverheatedconcretewillresultinlosingwater.Solinesmustbecoveredwithwetbagsorsimilar.Inwinterwhentemperatureisupto-5℃eq\o\ac(○,11)與泵機(jī)出口錐管直接相連的輸送管必須加以固定，以便每次泵送停止，清洗管路時拆裝方便；Fixthedeliverylinethatisconnectedwiththeconicalpipeattheoutletofmachine,inordertoconvenientlydismantlepipesforcleaningafterstoppingoperation.eq\o\ac(○,12)泵機(jī)附近和人員要進(jìn)入的危險地段的輸送管路應(yīng)加以必要的屏蔽防護(hù)物，以防因管路破裂或因管卡松脫造成人員傷亡。Deliverylinesclosetothemachineandinwhosehazardzonepersonshavetosetfootmustbescreenedwithboardstoavoiddamagecausedbypipelinesblowoutorcouplingsloose.垂直向上的管路布置Verticalrisingpipelinelayingfig.7-5.垂直向上的管路布置Verticalrisingpipelinelayingeq\o\ac(○,1)垂直向上的輸送管路可沿電梯井、腳手架向上布置，也可以從樓面預(yù)留孔中穿過，這樣便于管路拆裝；Therisinglinescanbelaidalongelevatorwell,scaffoldorthroughprefabholeoffloorinordertodismantlepipelinesconveniently.eq\o\ac(○,2)垂直向上的輸送管路必須用新管；高度較大時，底部應(yīng)用厚壁管；最下面的彎管應(yīng)為厚壁管，且易于拆缷。垂直管路不能使用彎管做支撐，每根管都應(yīng)設(shè)1-2個支撐點(diǎn)支撐。直管及彎管需用夾子固定，即固定于墻上、腳手架上、塔機(jī)塔身或電梯井內(nèi)，使管路及輸送的混凝土料的重力由支撐點(diǎn)傳到建筑物上；Usenewdeliverylineswhenlayingrisinglines;whenheightisbig,thethickwallpipesmustbeusedatthebottomandareeasytodismantle;Elbowsofverticalpipelinescan’tbeusedforthepurposeofsupporting,everylinesshouldbesupportedby1-2bolsters.Straightandbentpipesmustbefixedonwall,scaffold，towerorliftwellinordertoconducttheconcretegravityoflinesfrombolstersintothebuilding.eq\o\ac(○,3)垂直管路隨著高度的增加，被輸送的混凝土有回流的趨勢，對S管產(chǎn)生沖擊，為減弱這種沖擊力，應(yīng)在泵機(jī)和垂直管路間鋪設(shè)一定長度的水平管路，以保證有足夠的阻力阻止混凝土回流。水平管路的長度一般應(yīng)不少于垂直管路長度的15%，高層泵送應(yīng)在泵機(jī)水平管路上設(shè)置截止閥；Astheverticallinesrisetoagreatheight,thedeliveryconcretemayinclinetoflowbackwards,andgiveanimpacttoSvalve.Inordertoreducetheshock,acertainlengthofhorizontallinesshouldbelaidbetweenthemachineandverticallinestoresisttheconcreteflowingbackwards.Thelengthofhorizontallinesisnotlessthanthe15%lengthoftheverticallines,andtheshut-offvalveshouldbeinstalledatthehorizontallinesofmachineoutlet,ifdeliverytheconcreteathighlevel.eq\o\ac(○,4)在泵送距離高、輸送量大的情況下可采用兩組平行管路，以便一組出現(xiàn)堵管時能繼續(xù)工作。Ifthepumpingdistanceisveryhighandthevolumeofconcreteoutputislarge,youcanlaytwogroupparallellines.Ifonegrouplineisblocked,anotherpipelinecancontinueworking.垂直向下的管路布置Verticallineslayingdownwards垂直向下輸送混凝土，當(dāng)落差大于6m時，為防止混凝土離析，應(yīng)按圖示布管；并且在泵送砂漿時，應(yīng)在相隔20-30m的不同高度的管路中裝入海綿球，以保證泵送順利。Ifdeliveryconcretedownwards,whenthedropinheightexceeds6m,thepipelineshouldbelaidasfig.7-6toavoidconcreteisolation；whenpumpingmortar,pushthespo