2017職稱英語衛(wèi)生類概括大意與完成句子練習

2017職稱英語衛(wèi)生類概括大意與完成句子練習(5)ExercisingYourMemory1Agingdoesnotmeanadramaticdeclineinmemorypower,unlessyouhelpithappenbylettingyourmindgo.2That'snottosaythatmemorydoesn'tchangethroughoutlife.Researchersdividememoryintocategoriesbasedonthelengthoftimewhenmemoriesarestored.Onesystemdividesitupasshort-term(lessthanoneminute;rememberingatelephonenumberwhileyoudial,forinstance),long-term(overaperiodofyears)andverylong-termmemory(overalifetime).3Short-termmemoryisn'tmastereduntilaboutage7,butafterthatyounever10seit.Long-termmemory,however,involvesmoreeffortandskillandchangesmorethroughlife.It'snotuntiltheearlyteens(十幾歲)thatmostpeopledevelopamaturelong-termmemory.4First,wemustgetinformationintoourheadsthroughlearning.Learningstrategiescangetrusty(生銹)withoutconstantuse.Highschoolandcollegestudents,whoareforcedtorepeatedlyexercisetheirlong-termmemoryabilities(atleastlong-termenoughtogetthemthroughafinalexam),usuallydowellonmemorytests.Thelongeryoustayinschool,themorechanceyougettopolishyourlearningskills.It'snowonderthatmorehighlyeducatedpeoplehavemoreeffectivememoryskillsthroughoutlife.5Althougholderpeopleingenerallearnsomewhatmoreslowlythantheydidwhenyounger,adramaticdifferenceexistsbetweenthosewhostayintellectuallyactivemreading,discussing,takingclasses,thinking——andthosewhodonot.Givingthebraindailyworkout(鍛煉)isjustasimportantasexercisingyourmuscles.Brainworkkeepsyourlearningstrategiesinshape,andthishelpsyourmemorytofunctionatfullcapacity.6Thenextpartofahealthylong-termmemoryisretention(記憶力),theabilitytostorewhatyouhavelearned.Memoryresearchersstilldonotknowwhethermemoriesarelost——whethertheystillexistinthebrainbutourmentalsearchingcannotturnthemup,orhavedisappearedentirelyasourbrainages.7Thethirdnecessityformemoryisrecall,theabilitytobringtomindthememorieswehavestored.Again,whileaginghaswidelydifferenteffectsontherecallabilitiesofdifferentpeople,researchindicatesthattheolderweget,thelongerittakestorecallfactsButslowerrecallisstillrecall,infact,agingdoesnotseemtohaveanyeffectonforgettingatall,whichtakesplaceatthesamerateinyoungerandolderpeople.1Paragraph3.2Paragraph4.3Paragraph5.4Paragraph6.AImportanceofstayingintellectuallyactiveBEffectsofagingonaperson'srecallabilityCShort-termmemoryversuslong-termmemoryDRetentionasthesecondnecessityformemoryELinkbetweenlearningstrategiesandeffectivememoryskillsFSignificanceofexercisingyourmuscles5Retentionrefersto.6Therateofforgettingisthesame.7Rememberingsomethingallyourlife.8Exercisingyourbraineverydayisbeneficial.AforyoungerandolderpeopleBtotheproperfunctionofyourmemoryCiscalledlong-termmemor