英語專業(yè)四級(jí)考試真題及答案

2023年英語專業(yè)四級(jí)考試真題及答案QUESTIONBOOKLET

TESTFORENGLISHMAJORS(2023)-GRADEFOUR-

TIMELIMIT:135MIN

PARTIDICTATION[15MIN]

Listentothefollowingpassage.Altogetherthepassagewillbereadtoyoufourtimes.Duringthefirstreading,whichwillbedoneatnormalspeed,listenandtrytounderstandthemeaning.Forthesecondandthirdreadings,thepassagewillbereadsentencebysentence,orphrasebyphrase,withintervalsof15seconds.Thelastreadingwillbedoneatnormalspeedagainandduringthistimeyoushouldcheckyourwork.Youwillthenbegiven2minutestocheckthroughyourworkoncemore.PleasewritethewholepassageonANSWERSHEETONE.PARTIILISTENINGCOMPREHENSION[20MINI

InSectionsA,BandCyouwillheareverythingONCEONLYListencarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.MarkthecorrectanswertoeachquestiononANSWERSHEETTWO.

SECTIONACONVERSATIONS

Inthissectionyouwillhearseveralconversations.Listentotheconversationscarefullyand

thenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.

Questions1to3arebasedonthefollowingconversation.Attheendoftheconversation,youwillbegiven15secondstoanswerthequestions.Now,listentotheconversation.

1.ThefollowingdetailshavebeencheckedduringtheconversationEXCEPT

A.numberoftravelers.B.numberoftourdays.C.flightdetails.D.roomservices.

2.Whatisincludedintheprice?

A.Airticketsandlocaltransport.B.Localtransportandmeals.

C.Airtickets,localtransportandbreakfast.D.Airtickets,localtransportandallmeals.

3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisCORRECT?

A.Thetravelerisreluctanttobuytravelinsurance.C.Thetravelerdoesn'thavetobuytravelinsurance.

B.Thetravelerisreadytobuytravelinsurance.D.Travelinsuranceisnotmentionedintheconversation

Questions4to7arebasedonthefollowingconversation.Attheendof'theconversation,youwillbegiven20secondstoanswerthequestions.Now,listentotheconversation.

4.WhichofthefollowingdetailsisCORRECT?

A.Markknowstheexactnumberofairportbuses.C.Markdoesn'tknowtheexactnumberofdelegatesyet.

B.Markknowstheexactnumberofdelegates'spouse.D.Markdoesn'tknowthenumberofguestspeakers

.

5.WhatdoesLindawanttoknow?

A.Thearrivaltimeofguestspeakers.C.Thetypeoftransportforguestspeakers.

B.Thedeparturetimeofguestspeakers.D.Thenumberofguestspeakers.

6.Howmanyperformanceshavebeenplannedtbrtheconference?

A.One.B.Two.C.Three.D.Notmentioned.

7.Whowillpayforthepianoperformance?

A.Pan-PacificTours.B.Johnson&SonsEvents.C.Conferencedelegates.D.Anairlinecompany.

Questions8to10arebasedonthefollowingconversation.Attheendof'theconversation,

youwillbegiven15secondstoanswerthequestions.Nowlistentotheconversation.

8.WhatisNOTmissinginMary'sbriefcase?

A.Herchequebook.B.Herpapersforwork.C.Herlaptop.D.Herappointmentbook.

9.WherewasMarythewholemorning?

A.Atthepolicestation.B.Atameeting.C.Inherclient'soffice.D.Intherestaurant.

10.WhywasMarysurethatthebriefcasewashersintheend?

A.Thepapersinsidehadthecompany'sname.C.TherestaurantmanagertelephonedJames.

B.Thebriefcasewasfoundintherestaurant.D.Thechequebookinsideborehername

SECTIONBPASSAGES

Inthissection,youwillhearseveralpassages.Listentothepassagescarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.

Questions11to13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Attheendofthepassage,yottwillbegiven15secondstoanswerthequestions.Now,listentothepassage.

11.Welearnfromthepassagethatabouttwo-thirdsofthecoursesaretaughtthrough

A.theSchoolofDesignandVisualArts.B.theSchoolofSocialWork.C.theSchoolofBusiness.D.theArtsandSciencesprogram.

12.Whatisthecostofundergraduatetuition?

A.Twentythousanddollars.B.Thirtythousanddollars.C.Twenty-seventhousanddollars.D.Thirty-eightthousanddollars.

13.InternationalstudentscanreceiveallthefollowingtypesoffinancialassistanceEXCEPT

A.federalloans.B.privateloans.C.scholarships.D.monthlypaymentplans.

Questions14to17arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Attheendofthepassage,youwillbe

given20secondstoanswerthequestions.Now,listentothepassage.

14.Accordingtothepassage,mothersin____spendmoretimelookingafterchildren.

A.FranceB.AmericaC.DenmarkD.Australia

15.WhichofthefollowingactivitieswouldAustralianfatherstraditionallyparticipatein?

A.Feedingandplayingwithchildren.C.Takingchildrentotheparkandtoschool.

B.Feedingandbathingchildren.D.Takingchildrentowatchsportsevents.

16.Accordingtothestudy,the"newman"likesto

A.spendmoretimeatwork.B.spendmoretimewithchildren.C.spendtimedrinkingafterwork.D.spendtimeonhiscomputer.

17.Itissuggestedinthepassagethatthe"newman"mightbelessacceptablein

A.France.B.Britain.C.Australia.D.Denmark.

Questions18to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Attheendofthepassage,youwillbegiven15secondstoanswerthequestions.Now,listentothepassage.

18.Theservicesofthenewpartnershipareprovidedmainlyto

A.mothersofinfectedbabies.B.infectedchildrenandwomen.C.infectedchildrenincities.D.infectedwomenincities.

19.WhichofthefollowingdetailsaboutFamilyHealthInternationalisINCORRECT?

A.Itisanonprofitorganization.B.Itprovidespublichealthservices.

C.Itcarriesoutresearchonpublichealth.D.Ithasworkedinfivecountriestillnow.

20.TheexampleofCambodiamainlyshows

A.theimportanceofgovernmentsupport.C.theprogressthecountryhasmadesofar.

B.theimportanceofpubliceducationefforts.D.themethodsusedtofightAIDS.

SECTIONCNEWSBROADCAST

Inthissection,youwillhearseveralnewsitems.Listentothemcarefullyandthenanswerthe

questionsthatfollow.

Questions21and22arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven10secondstoanswerthequestions.Now.listentothenews.

21.Accordingtothenews,thevictimwas

A.a17-year-oldgirl.B.a15-year-oldboy.C.a23-year-oldwoman.D.anl8-year-oldman.

22.Welearnfromthenewsthatthesuspectswerearrested

A.onemonthlater.B.twomonthslater.C.immediately.D.twoweekslater.

Questions23and24arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbe

given10secondstoanswerthequestions.Now,listentothenews.

23.TheIraqiparliamentcanvoteonthesecurityagreementonlyafter

A.allpartieshaveagreedonit.B.theUStroopshavepulledout.

C.thecabinethasreviewedit.D.thelawmakershavereturnedfromMecca.

24.Accordingtothenews,theUStroopsareexpectedtocompletelypulloutby

A.mid-2023.B.theendof2023.C.mid-2023.D.theendof2023.

Questions25and26arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbe

given10secondstoanswerthequestions.Now,listentothenews.

25.ThefollowingareinvolvedintheoperationstorescuethechildreninHondurasEXCEPT

A.thepolice.B.thedistrictattorney.C.theprisonauthorities.D.InstituteofChildhoodandFamily.

26.Whatpunishmentwouldparentsfaceiftheyallowedtheirchildrentobeg?

A.Tobeimprisonedandfined.B.Tohavetheirchildrentakenaway.C.Tobehandedovertotheauthorities.D.None.

Question27isbasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem.youwillbegiven5

secondstoanswerthequestion.Now,listentothenews.

27.Whatisthenewsitemabout?

A.CoastlinesinItaly.B.Publicuseofthebeach.C.Swimmingandbathing.D.Privatebathingclubs.

Question28isbasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven5

secondstoanswerthequestion.Now,listentothenews.

28.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthenews?

A.TheairportwasshutdownforFriday.C.Localshopswereclosedearlierthanusual.

B.Therewasaroadaccidentinvolvingtwobuses.D.BusservicewasstoppedforFriday.

Questions29and30arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbe

given10secondstoanswerthequestions.Now,listentothenews.

29.Howmanypeoplewererescuedfromtheapartmentbuilding?

A.17.B.24.C.21.D.41.

30.WhichofthefollowingdetailsinthenewsisCORRECT?

A.Therescueoperationinvolvedmanypeople.C.RescueeffortswerestoppedonThursday.

B.Thecauseoftheexplosionshasbeendetermined.D.Theexplosionsdidn'tdestroythebuilding.PARTIIICLOZE[15MIN]

Decidewhichofthechoicesgivenbelowwouldbestcompletethepassageit"insertedinthe

correspondingblanks.MarkthebestchoiceforeachblankonANSWERSHEETTWO.Howmenfirstlearnedtoinventwordsisunknown;(31)____,theoriginoflanguageisamystery.Allwereallyknowisthatmen,unlikeanimals,somehowinventedcertain(32)____toexpressthoughtsandfeelings,actionsandthings,(33)____theycouldcommunicatewitheachother;andthatlatertheyagreed(34)____certainsigns,calledletters,whichcouldbe(35)____torepresentthosesounds,andwhichcouldbe(36)_____.Thosesounds,whetherspoken,(37)_____writteninletters,wecallwords.

Thepowerofwords,then,liesintheir(38)____thethingstheybringupbeforeourminds.Wordsbecome(39)____withmeaningforusbyexperience;(40)._____thelongerwelive,themorecertainwords(41)_____tousthehappyandsadeventsofourpast:andthemorewe(42)____,themorethenumberofwordsthatmeansomethingtous(43)____

Greatwritersarethosewhonotonlyhavegreatthoughtsbutalsoexpressthesethoughtsinwordswhichappeal(44)____toourmindsandemotions.This(45)._____andtellinguseofwordsiswhatwecall(46)____style.Aboveall,therealpoetisamasterof(47)____.Hecanconveyhismeaninginwordswhichsinglikemusic,andwhich(48)_____theirpositionandassociationcan(49)____mentotears.Weshould,therefore,learntochooseourwordscarefullyandusethemaccurately,ortheywill(50)____ourspeechorwritingsillyandvulgar.(31)A.inadditionB.inotherwordsC.inawordD.insummary

(32)A.soundsB.gesturesC.signsD.movements

(33)A.suchthatB.asthatC.sothatD.inthat

(34)A.inB.withC.ofD.upon

(35)A.speltB.combinedC.writtenDcopied

(36)A.writtendownB.handeddownC.rememberedD.observed

(37)A.andB.yetC.alsoD.or

(38)A.functionsB.associationsC.rolesD.links

(39)A.filledB.fullC.liveD.active

(40)A.butB.orC.yetD.and

(41)A.reappearB.recallC.rememberD.recollect

(42)A.readandthinkB.readandrecallC.readandlearnD.readandrecite

(43)A.raisesB.increasesC.improvesD.emerges

(44)A.intensivelyB.extensivelyC.broadlyD.powerfully

(45)A.charmingB.academicC.conventionalD.common

(46)A.writtenB.spokenC.literaryD.dramatic

(47)A.signsB.wordsC.styleD.sound

(48)A.inB.onC.overD.by

(49)A.moveB.engageC.makeD.force

(50)A.transformB.changeC.makeD.convertPARTIVGRAMMAR&VOCABULARY[15MIN]

Therearethirtysentencesinthissection.BeneatheachsentencetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Chooseonewordorphrasethatbestcompletesthesentence.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEETTWO.

51.WhichofthefollowingitalicizedphrasesindicatesCAUSE?

A.Whydon'tyoudoitforthesakeofyourfriends?

B.IwishIcouldwriteaswellasyou.

C.Forallhisefforts,hedidn'tgetanA.

D.Hereyeswereredfromexcessivereading.

52.Nancy'sgonetoworkbuthercar'sstillthere.She____bybus.

A.musthavegoneB.shouldhavegone

C.oughttohavegoneD.couldhavegone

53.Hefeelsthatheisnotyet____totravelabroad.

A.toostrongB.enoughstrongC.sostrongD.strongenough

54.After____seemedanendlesswait,itwashisturntoenterthepersonnelmanager'soffice.

A.thatB.itC.whatD.there

55.Fool____Jerryis,hecouldnothavedonesuchathing.

A.whoB.asC.likeD.that

56.WhichofthefollowingsentencesisINCORRECT?

A.Theyeachhavetwotickets.

B.Theycosttwentyyuaneach.

C.Eachtheyhaveboughtthesamebook.

D.Theyweregiventwomagazineseach.

57.Sheseldomgoestothetheatre,_____?

A.doesn'tsheB.doessheC.wouldsheD.wouldn'tshe

58.DrJohnsonisheadofthedepartment,____anexpertintranslation.

A.orB.eitherC.butD.and

59.Whenonehasgoodhealth,_____shouldfeelfortunate.

A.youB.theyC.heD.we

60.Itisnecessarythathe____theassignmentwithoutdelay.

A.handinB.handsinC.musthandinD.hastohandin

61.Inthesentence"It'snousewaitingforher",theitalicizedphraseis)____.

A.theobjectB.anadverbialC.acomplementD.thesubject

62.WhichofthefollowingsentencesisINCORRECT?

A.Allhislecturesareveryinteresting.

B.Halftheirsavingsweregone.

C.Manyhisfriendscametotheparty.

D.Bothhissistersarenurses.

63.Whichofthefollowingsentenceshasanobjectcomplement?

A.ThedirectorsappointedJohnmanager.

B.IgaveMaryaChristmaspresent.

C.YouhavedonePeterafavour.

D.SheisteachingchildrenEnglish.

64.WhichofthefollowingwordscanNOTbeusedtocomplete"We'veseenthefilm____"?

A.beforeB.recentlyC.latelyD.yet

65._____shouldnotbecomeaseriousdisadvantageinlifeandwork.

A.TobenottallB.Notbeingtall

C.BeingnottallD.Nottobetall

66.Duetopersonality_____,thetwocolleaguesnevergotonwellinwork.

A.contradictionB.conflictC.confrontationD.competition

67.Duringthesummervacation,kidsareoftenseenhanging_____inthestreets.

A.aboutB.onC.overD.out

68.Therewere150____attheinternationalconferencethissummer.

A.spectatorsB.viewersC.participantsD.onlookers

69.Schoolstartedona____colddayinFebruary.

A.severeB.bitterC.suchD.frozen

70.Inthefaceofunexpecteddifficulties,hedemonstratedatalentforquick,____action.

A.determiningB.defensiveC.demandingD.decisive

71.Theteamhasbeenworkingovertimeontheresearchproject____.

A.latelyB.justnowC.lateD.longago

72.Becauseoftheeconomiccrisis,industrialoutputintheregionremained

A.motionlessB.inactiveC.stagnantD.immobile

73.Thepolicehaddifficultyin____thefansfi'omrushingontothestagetotakephotoswiththesinger.

A.limitingB.restrainingC.confiningD.restricting

74.Joanisinthedorm,puttingthefinal____toherspeech.

A.detailsB.remarksC.commentsD.touches

75.His_____ingamblinghaseventuallybroughtabouthisruin.

A.indulgenceB.habitC.actionD.engagement

76.Theteachertoldthestudentstostayintheclassroomandtheydid_____.

A.absolutelyB.accidentallyC.accordinglyD.accurately

77.Youcanactuallyseethedeeratcloserangewhiledrivingthroughthatarea.Theitalicized

phrasemeans_____.

A.clearlyB.verynearC.quicklyD.veryhard

78.Helistenedhardbutstillcouldn'twhattheyweretalkingabout.

A.makeoverB.makeupC.makeuponD.makeout

79.Fortheadvertisedposition,thecompanyoffersa(n)salaryandbenefitspackage.

A.generousB.plentifulC.abundantD.sufficient

80.Astherewasnoroad,thetravelers____uparockyslopeontheirwayback.

A.ranB.hurriedC.scrambledD.crawledPARTVREADINGCOMPREHENSION[25MIN]

Inthissectiontherearefourpassagesfollowedbyquestionsorunfinishedstatements,eachwithfoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatyouthinkisthebestanswer.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEETTWO.

TEXTA

Whatisthenatureofthescientificattitude,theattitudeofthemanorwomanwhostudiesandappliesphysics,biology,chemistry,geology,engineering,medicineoranyotherscience?Weallknowthatscienceplaysanimportantroleinthesocietiesinwhichwelive.Manypeoplebelieve,however,thatourprogressdependsontwodifferentaspectsofscience.Thefirstoftheseistheapplicationofthemachines,productsandsystemsofappliedknowledgethatscientistsandtechnologistsdevelop.Throughtechnology,scienceimprovesthestructureofsocietyandhelpsmantogainincreasingcontroloverhisenvironment.

Thesecondaspectistheapplicationbyallmembersofsocietyofthespecialmethodsofthoughtandactionthatscientistsuseintheirwork.

Whatarethesespecialmethodsofthinkingandacting?Firstofall,itseemsthatasuccessfulscientistisfullofcuriosity-hewantstofindouthowandwhytheuniverseworks.Heusuallydirectshisattentiontowardsproblemswhichhenoticeshavenosatisfactoryexplanation,andhiscuriositymakeshimlookforunderlyingrelationshipsevenifthedataavailableseemtobeunconnected.Moreover,hethinkshecanimprovetheexistingconditionsandenjoystryingtosolvetheproblemswhichthisinvolves.

Heisagoodobserver,accurate,patientandobjectiveandapplieslogicalthoughttotheobservationshemakes.Heutilizesthefactsheobservestothefullestextent.Forexample,trainedobserversobtainaverylargeamountofinformationaboutastarmainlyfromtheaccurateanalysisofthesimplelinesthatappearinaspectrum.

Heisskeptical-hedoesnotacceptstatementswhicharenotbasedonthemostcompleteevidenceavailable-andthereforerejectsauthorityasthesolebasisfortruth.Scientistsalwayscheckstatementsandmakeexperimentscarefullyandobjectivelytoverifythem.

Furthermore,heisnotonlycriticaloftheworkofothers,butalsoofhisown,sinceheknowsthatmanistheleastreliableofscientificinstrumentsandthatanumberoffactorstendtodisturbobjectiveinvestigation.

Lastly,heishighlyimaginativesinceheoftenhastolookforrelationshipsindatawhicharenotonlycomplexbutalsofrequentlyincomplete.Furthermore,heneedsimaginationifhewantstomakehypothesesofhowprocessesworkandhoweventstakeplace.

Theseseemtobesomeofthewaysinwhichasuccessfulscientistortechnologistthinksandacts.

81.Manypeoplebelievethatsciencehelpssocietytoprogressthrough

A.appliedknowledge.

B.morethanoneaspect.

C.technologyonly.

D.theuseofmachines.

82.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECTaboutcuriosity?

A.Itgivesthescientistconfidenceandpleasureinwork.

B.Itgivesrisetointerestinproblemsthatareunexplained.

C.Itleadstoeffortstoinvestigatepotentialconnections.

D.Itencouragesthescientisttolookfornewwaysofacting.

83.Accordingtothepassage,asuccessfulscientistwouldnot

A.easilybelieveinuncheckedstatements.

B.easilycriticizeothers'researchwork.

C.alwaysusehisimaginationinwork.

D.alwaysuseevidencefromobservation.

84.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

A.Applicationoftechnology.

B.Progressinmodemsociety.

C.Scientists'waysofthinkingandacting.

D.Howtobecomeasuccessfulscientist.

85.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsthetopic?

A.Critical.B.Objective.

C.Biased.D.Unclear.TEXTB

Overthepastseveraldecades,theU.S.,Canada,andEuropehavereceivedagreatdealofmediaandevenresearchattentionoverunusualphenomenaandunsolvedmysteries.TheseincludeUFOsaswellassightingsandencounterswith"nonhumancreatures"suchasBigfootandtheLochNessmonster.OnlyrecentlyhasLatinAmericabeguntoreceivesomeattentionaswell.AlthoughthemysteriesoftheAztec,Mayan,andIncacivilizationshavebeenknownforcenturies,nowthepublicisalsobecomingawareofunusual,paranormalphenomenaincountriessuchasPeru.

TheNazca"lines"ofPeruwerediscoveredinthe1930s.Theselinesaredeeplycarvedintoaflat,stonyplain,andformabout300intricatepicturesofanimalssuchasbirds,amonkey,andalizard.Seenatgroundlevel,thedesignsareajumbledsenselessmess.Theimagesaresolargethattheycanonlybeviewedataheightof1,000feet-meaningfromanaircraft.Yettherewerenoaircraftin300B.C.,whenitisjudgedthedesignsweremade.Norweretherethen,oraretherenow,anynearbymountainrangesfromwhichtoviewthem.SohowandwhydidthenativepeopleofNazcacreatethesemarvelousdesigns?Oneanswerappearedin1969,whentheGermanresearcherandwriterErichvonDanikenproposedthatthelinesweredrawnbyextraterrestrialsasrunwaysfortheiraircraft.ThescientificcommunitydidnottakelongtoscoffatandabandonvonDaniken'stheory.Overtheyearsseveralothertheorieshavebeenputforth,butnonehasbeenacceptedbythescientificcommunity.

TodaythereisanewandheightenedinterestintheNazcalines.ItisadirectresultofthecreationoftheInternet.Currentlythereareover60sitesdedicatedtothismysteryfromLatinAmerica'spast,andevenrespectedscientistshavejoinedthediscussionthroughe-mailandchatrooms.

WilltheInternethelpexplaintheseunsolvedmysteries?Perhapsitisastepintherightdirection.

86.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECT?

A.LatinAmericahaslongreceivedattentionforunusualphenomena.

B.PublicattentionisnowdirectedtowardscountrieslikePeru.

C.PublicinterestusuallyfocusesonNorthAmericaandEurope.

D.Someancientcivilizationshaveunsolvedmysteries.

87.Accordingtothepassage,theNazcalineswerefound

A.inmountains.B.instones.C.onanimals.D.onaplain.

88.Wecaninferfromthepassagethatthehigherthelinesareseen,the____theimagestheypresent.

A.smallerB.largerC.clearerD.brighter

89.TherehasbeenincreasinginterestintheNazcalinesmainlybecauseof

A.theparticipationofscientists.B.theemergenceofthelnternet.

C.thebirthofnewtheories.D.theinterestintheInternet.

90.Theauthoris____abouttheroleofthelnternetinsolvingmysteries.

A.cautiousB.pessimisticC.uncertainD.optimisticTEXTC

Graduationspeechesareabitlikeweddingtoasts.Afewarememorable.Theresttendtotriggersuchthoughtsas,"WhydidIwearsuchuncomfortableshoes?"

Butgraduationspeechesarelessaboutthemessagethanthemessenger.EveryyearafewcollegesanduniversitiesintheUSattractattentionbecausethey'vemanagedtobookhigh-profilespeakers.And,everyyear,themediareportsomeofthesespeakers'wiseremarks.

Lastmonth,thefollowingwordsofwisdomwerespread:

"Youreallyhaven'tcompletedthecircleofsuccessunlessyoucanhelpsomebodyelsemoveforward."(OprahWinfrey,DukeUniversity).

"Thereisnowaytostopchange;changewillcome.Gooutandgiveusafutureworthyoftheworldweallwishtocreatetogether."(HillaryClinton,NewYorkUniversity).

"'Thisreallyisyourmoment.Historyisyourstobend."(JoeBiden,WakeForestUniversity).

Ofcourse,thereal"get"ofthegraduationseasonwasfirstladyMichelleObama'sappearanceattheUniversityofCalifornia,Merced."Rememberthatyouareblessed,"shetoldtheclassof2023,"Rememberthatinexchangeforthoseblessings,youmustgivesomethingback...AsadvocateandactivistMarianWrightEdelmansays,'Serviceistherentwepayforliving...itisthetruemeasure,theonlymeasureofsuccess'."

Callstoservicehavealong,richtraditioninthesespeeches.However,itispossibleforagraduationspeechtogobeyondclicheandsaysomethingtrulycompelling.ThelatewriterDavidFosterWallace's2023graduationspeechatKenyonCollegeinOhiotalkedabouthowtotrulycareaboutotherpeople.ItgainedsomethingofacultafteritwaswidelycirculatedontheInternet.AppleComputerCEOSteveJobs'addressatStanfordUniversitythatyear,inwhichhetalkedaboutdeath,isalsoconsideredoneofthebestinrecentmemory.

Butwhenyou'resittinginthehotsun,fidgetyandfreakedout,doyoureallywanttobelecturedaboutthebigstuff?.Isn'tthatliketryingtomaintainasmileatyourweddingreceptionwhilesomerelativegivesatoastthatamountsto"marriageishardwork"?Youknowhe'sright;youjustdon'twanttothinkaboutitatthatparticularmoment.Infact,asisthecaseinmanymajorlifemoments,youcan'treallymanagetothinkbeyondtheblistersyournewshoesarecausing.

Thatmayseemanticlimactic.Butitalsogetstotheheartofoneoflife'sgreatest,saddesttruths:thatourmost"memorable"occasionsmayelicitthefewestmemories.It'sprobablynotsomethingmostgraduationspeakerswouldsay,butit'soneofthefirstlessonsofgrowingup.

91.Accordingtothepassage,mostgraduationspeechestendtorecall____memories.

A.greatB.trivialC.unforgettableD.unimaginative

92."Butgraduationspeechesarelessaboutthemessagethanthemessenger"isexplained

A.inthefinalparagraph.B.inthelastbutoneparagraph.

C.inthefirstparagraph.D.inthesameparagraph.

93.ThegraduationspeechesmentionedinthepassagearerelatedtothefollowingthemesEXCEPT

A.death.B.success.C.service.D.generosity.

94.Itisimpliedinthepassagethatatgreatmomentspeoplefailto

A.remainclear-headed.B.keepgoodmanners.

C.rememberothers'words.D.recollectspecificdetails.

95.Whatis"oneofthefirstlessonsofgrowingup"?

A.Attendingagraduationceremony.

B.Listeningtograduationspeeches.

C.Forgettingdetailsofmemorableevents.

D.Meetinghigh-profilegraduationspeakersTEXTD

Culturalrulesdetermineeveryaspectoffoodconsumption.Whoeatstogetherdefinessocialunits.Forexample,insomesocieties,thenuclearfamilyistheunitthatregularlyeatstogether.TheanthropologistMaryDouglashaspointedoutthat,fortheEnglish,thekindofmealandthekindoffoodthatisservedrelatetothekindsofsociallinksbetweenpeoplewhoareeatingtogether.Shedistinguishesbetweenregularmeals,Sundaymealswhenrelativesmaycome,andcocktailpartiesforacquaintances.Thefoodservedsymbolizestheoccasionandreflectswhoispresent.Forexample,onlysnacksareservedatacocktailparty.Itwouldbeinappropriatetoserveasteakorhamburgers.Thedistinctionsamongcocktails,regularmeals,andspecialdinnersmarkthesocialboundariesbetweenthoseguestswhoareinvitedfordrinks,thosewhoareinvitedtodinner,andthosewhocometoafamilymeal.Inthisexample,thetypeoffoodsymbolizesthecategoryofguestandwithwhomitiseaten.

InsomeNewGuineasocieties,thenuclearfamilyisnottheunitthateatstogether.Thementaketheirmealsinamen'shouse,separatelyfromtheirwivesandchildren.Womenprepareandeattheirfoodintheirownhousesandtakethehusband'sportiontothemen's