教育術(shù)語匯編

教育術(shù)語匯編愛國主義教育educationinpatriotism班長monitor班級class辦學(xué)效益efficiencyinschoolmanagement半工半讀學(xué)校part-workandpart-studyschool半文盲semiliterate：functionalilliterate必修課required／compulsorycourse畢業(yè)鑒定graduationappraisal畢業(yè)生分配assignmentofgraduates畢業(yè)實習(xí)graduationfieldwork畢業(yè)證書certificateofgraduation邊緣知識人marginalintellectual秉承父業(yè)tofollowinher／hisfather’sfootstep博導(dǎo)tutorofaPh．D．student：doctoraladvisor博士后postdoctorate博士后科研流動站centerforpost-doctoralstudy博學(xué)謙遜copiouslearningcombinedwithdeephumility博學(xué)者amanofextensivelearning補考make-upAspecialexaminationforastudentwhohasbeenabsentfromorhasfailedapreviousexamination.未經(jīng)入學(xué)考試的學(xué)生non-matriculatedstudent；未注冊而入學(xué)的學(xué)生non-degreestudent不拿學(xué)位的學(xué)生matriculateataninstitutionofhigherlearning在某高等學(xué)校注冊入學(xué)Threeyearslaterhematriculatedforadvancestudy.三年后他入大學(xué)深造。不學(xué)無術(shù)ignorant；learnnotandknownot成績單schoolreport；reportcard；transcript成人教育adulteducation成人夜校nightschoolforadults成人中等專科學(xué)校secondaryspecializedschool；technicalschoolforadults充電toupdateone’sknowledge；tobrushup初等教育primaryeducation輟學(xué)青年youngpeoplewithuncompletedschooling答辯考試competitiveexamination大學(xué)二年級／高中一年級學(xué)生sophomore大學(xué)三年級／高中二年級學(xué)生junior大學(xué)四年級／高中三年級學(xué)生senior大學(xué)一年級學(xué)生freshman大專生juniorcollegestudent大專文憑associatedegree；juniorcollegediploma美國大學(xué)修滿二年課程之肄業(yè)證書generalequivalencydiploma普通同等學(xué)歷證書HigherNationalD-[英]國家高級學(xué)位證書OrdinaryNationalD-國家正式畢業(yè)證書universitydiploma大學(xué)畢業(yè)證書diplomainreadingdevelopment[英](開放大學(xué)發(fā)給非正式學(xué)生的)學(xué)業(yè)進步證書diplomaofgraduating畢業(yè)證書代課教師probationteacher黨支部書記Partybranchsecretary導(dǎo)師academicadviser；tutor德智體美勞全面發(fā)展all-arounddevelopmentofmoral，intellectual，physical，aestheticsandlaboreducation低年級學(xué)生lowergradepupil／student；pupil／studentinjuniorgrade定向培訓(xùn)trainingforspecificpost定向招生studentsareadmittedtobetrainedforpre-determinedemployer短訓(xùn)班short-termtrainingcourse非全日制教育part-timeeducation非正規(guī)教育non-formaleducation分數(shù)marks／grades／scores輔導(dǎo)員(政治輔導(dǎo)員)assistantforpoliticalandideologicalwork附(屬)中(學(xué))attachedmiddleschool副班長vice-monitor副教授associateprofessor副校長deputyheadmaster,deputyhead副校長vice—presidentAsecondaryareaofspecializedacademicstudy,requiringfewercoursesorcreditsthanamajor.輔修專業(yè)：學(xué)術(shù)研究的第二個特定領(lǐng)域，其要求的課程和學(xué)分比主修課要少Onestudyinginasecondaryareaofspecialization:輔修學(xué)生：學(xué)習(xí)第二專業(yè)的學(xué)生：SheisaChemistryminor.她是化學(xué)專業(yè)的輔修學(xué)生副院長assistantdean高等教育highereducation高等教育自學(xué)考試self-studyhighereducationexamination高分低能highscoreandlowability高考(university)entranceexamination個別輔導(dǎo)personalsupport／tutorship工商管理碩士MBA(MasterofBusinessAdministration)工學(xué)博士Eng．D(DoctorofEngineering)公費生government-sponsoredstudent公民教育civileducation廣播電視大學(xué)radioandtelevisionuniversity國際英文水平測試IELTS(InternationalEnglishLanguageTestingSystem)國家普通話水平考試nationalproficiencytestofPutonghua國家指定考試government-mandatedtest國家助學(xué)金statestipend／subsidy函授大學(xué)correspondenceuniversity函授教育correspondenceeducation函授課程postallesson漢學(xué)Chineselearning：Sinology合作教育cooperativeeducation核心課程，基礎(chǔ)課程corecurriculumcurriculumschedule課程表后勁足wellsupportedbysustainablebackup基礎(chǔ)課basiccourse集體主義教育educationincollectivism計算機輔助教CAI(Computer-AssistedInstruction)計算機能力考試computer-adaptivetesting紀律discipline技工學(xué)校skilledworkers(training)school寄宿生boarder家庭教師tutor尖子thebestofitskind；topstudent教導(dǎo)所trainingcentre教導(dǎo)處教導(dǎo)主任deanofstudents教齡ofschoolage教書育人toeducatethepersonaswellasimpartbookknowledge；toimpartknowledgeandeducatepeople教學(xué)、科研、生產(chǎn)的“三結(jié)合”“3-in-1combination”involvingteaching，research，andproduction教學(xué)大綱teachingprogram；syllabus教學(xué)方法pedagogy／teachingmethod教育學(xué)；教學(xué)法（亦作：pedagogics）教學(xué)內(nèi)容contentsofcourse教研室／組teachingandresearchsection／group教育程度／背景educationalbackground教育方針guideline／guidingprincipleforeducation教育工作者(總稱)teachingstaff教育界educationalcircle教育學(xué)院college／instituteofeducation教育要面向現(xiàn)代化，面向世界，面向未來Educationshouldbeaimedatmodernizationdrive，theworldandthefuture．教員休息室staffroom：commonroomAfacultyloungeinacollegeoruniversity.交誼廳，休息室：在學(xué)院或大學(xué)的教員休息室階梯教室lecturetheatre：terraceclassroom結(jié)業(yè)證書certificateofcompletion借讀生transientstudent進修班classforfurtherstudy：classforadvancedstudy進修教育continuingeducation進修課程refreshercourse九年義務(wù)教育nine-yearcompulsoryeducation開卷考試openbookexam考試緊張者examjitter考研totakepartintheentranceexamforpostgraduateschool考研熱crazeforpostgraduateschool科教興國torelyonscienceandeducationtorejuvenatethenation科教興國戰(zhàn)略strategyofrevitalizing(invigorating)Chinathroughscienceandeducation；thestrategyofdevelopingthecountrybyrelyingonscienceandeducation客座教授guestprofessor；visitingprofessor課程表timetable課外輔導(dǎo)instructionafterclass／school課外活動extracurricularactivities課外閱讀outsidereading課間，休息playtime，break口試，筆試oralexamination，writtenexamination勞動委員commissaryinchargeofphysicallabour理工科大學(xué)college／universityofscienceandengineering理學(xué)博士DS(DoctorofScience)理學(xué)士BS(BachelorofScience)理學(xué)碩士MS(MasterofScience)領(lǐng)取助學(xué)金的學(xué)生agrant-aidedstudent留級torepeattheyear’swork；tostaydown；tofailtogouptothenextgrade留級生repeater留校察看academicprobation留學(xué)咨詢consultingonthestudyabroad錄取分數(shù)線enrollmentmarks錄取通知書aletterofadmission美術(shù)學(xué)院academyoffinearts門房，學(xué)校工友beadle，porter免費教育freeeducation民辦學(xué)校schoolrunbythelocalpeople名牌私立大學(xué)eliteprivateuniversity模擬測試mocktest：simulatedexam年級grade旁聽生auditor培養(yǎng)獨立分析問題和解決問題的能力tocultivatetheabilitytoanalyzeandsolveconcreteproblemsindependently培養(yǎng)跨世紀人才tobringup(foster)cross-century(trans-century)specialists培養(yǎng)學(xué)生自學(xué)能力tohelpdeveloptheabilityofthestudentstothinkthingoutforthemselves片面追求升學(xué)率toplaceundueemphasisontheproportionofstudentsenteringschoolsofahigherlevel評分制度gradingsystem普及教育universaleducation普通高等教育regularhighereducation啟發(fā)式教學(xué)heuristiceducation強化班intensivetrainingclass勤工儉學(xué)part-workandpart-studysystem：work-studyprogram全額獎學(xué)金fullscholarship全國公共英語等級考試PETS(PublicEnglishTestSystem)全面實施素質(zhì)教育tocarryonthequality-orientededucationintheround榮譽教授emeritusprofessor三好學(xué)生meritstudent；modelstudent三學(xué)期制trimestersystem掃盲toeliminateilliteracy掃盲班l(xiāng)iteracyclass尚未取得學(xué)位的大學(xué)生undergraduate少數(shù)民族學(xué)校minorityschool社會活動socialactivities社會力量辦學(xué)runningofschoolbyNon-governmentalsector升學(xué)togotoaschoolofahighergrade；toenterahigherschool升學(xué)率proportionofstudentsenteringschoolofahighergrade失學(xué)青少年schooldropout師范大學(xué)normal(teachers’)university師范學(xué)校normalschool(uppersecondarylevel)師范?？茖W(xué)校normalspecialisedpostsecondarycollege實例化教學(xué)casestudyteaching實驗員laboratoryassistant，labassistant試讀conditionaladmission適齡兒童入學(xué)率enrolmentrateforchildrenofschoolage授予某人學(xué)位toconferadegreeonsb．雙學(xué)士制doubleB．A．degreesystem碩博聯(lián)讀acontinuousacademicprojectthatinvolvespostgraduateanddoctoralstudy私立學(xué)校privateschool素質(zhì)教育educationforall-arounddevelopment；逃學(xué)，曠課toplaytruant，toplayhooky體育活動physicalactivities體育教師gamesmaster，gymteacher／instructor體育委員commissaryinchargeofsports填鴨式教學(xué)cramming／forced-feedingmethodofteaching同等學(xué)力tohavethesameeducationallevel(astheregulargraduateorstudentofcertainacademicqualification)同等學(xué)力申請碩士學(xué)位統(tǒng)考generalexaminationforapplicantwitheducationbackgroundequivalenttocollegegraduateformaster’sdegree團支部書記Leaguebranchsecretary托?？荚嘥OEFL(TestofEnglishasaForeignLanguage)脫產(chǎn)培訓(xùn)0ff-jobtraining文科碩士M．A．／MA(MasterofArts)文學(xué)士B．A．／BA(BachelorofArts)文娛委員commissaryinchargeofentertainment五分制the5-grademarkingsystem系主任departmentchairman；chairperson；dean現(xiàn)代遠程教育moderndistanceeducation小學(xué)校長(美)master校長president校服schooluniform校外學(xué)習(xí)off-campusstudy校訓(xùn)schoolmotto校友schoolfellow；alumna(female)；alumnus(male)新生frog-green宣傳委員commissaryinchargeofpublicity選修課elective／optionalcourse學(xué)分credithour學(xué)歷教育educationwithrecordofformalschooling學(xué)年school／academicyear學(xué)生處students’affairsdivision學(xué)生會students’union／association學(xué)生減負toreducestudyload；toalleviatetheburdenonstudents學(xué)生領(lǐng)袖，校園風(fēng)云人物bigmanoncampus學(xué)生宿舍residencehall；dormitory學(xué)時classhour；classperiod學(xué)術(shù)活動academicactivities學(xué)習(xí)成績academicrecord；schoolrecord學(xué)習(xí)委員commissaryinchargeofstudies雅思考試IELTS(InternationalEnglishLanguageTestingSystem)延伸學(xué)習(xí)extensionstudy研究生graduatestudent；post-graduate(student)研究生入學(xué)考試(美)GRE(GraduateRecordExamination)研究員researchfellow業(yè)余藝術(shù)／體育學(xué)校amateurart／athleticschool業(yè)余職工大學(xué)spare-timecollegeforstaffandworker肄業(yè)證書certificateofcompletion／incompletion因材施教toteachstudentsaccordingtotheiraptitude應(yīng)屆畢業(yè)生thisyear’sgraduate應(yīng)試教育examination-orientededucation；exam-orientededucation用功的學(xué)生swotbookwormOnewhospendsmuchtimereadingorstudying.極愛讀書者：一個把很多時間花在讀書和學(xué)習(xí)上的人優(yōu)化教師隊伍tooptimizetheteachingstaff予以注冊toenroll，toenroll娛樂活動recreationalactivities預(yù)付學(xué)費advancetuitionfee預(yù)試prelim；preliminarytest院長dean在職博士生on-jobdoctorate在職培訓(xùn)、進修on-the-job/in-servicetraining擇優(yōu)錄取tohirethebestexaminee／candidate／applicant招生就業(yè)指導(dǎo)辦公室enrolmentandvocationguidanceoffice哲學(xué)博士Ph．D．(DoctorofPhilosophy)政府特殊津貼獲得者winnerofspecialgovernmentallowance執(zhí)法人員lawenforcementofficial；law-executor；lawenforcer職稱professionaltitle：thetitleofatechnicalpost職位供求比率jobopening-to-applicationratio職務(wù)津貼dutyallowance職業(yè)病occupational／industrialdisease職業(yè)大學(xué)vocationaluniversity職業(yè)道德professionalethics職業(yè)婦女workingwoman；careerwoman職業(yè)高中vocationalhighschool職業(yè)技術(shù)教育vocationalandtechnicaleducation職業(yè)介紹所employmentagency／exchange職業(yè)指導(dǎo)人vocationalleader職業(yè)資格證書制度professionalqualificationcertificatesystem智商IQ(IntelligenceQuotient)中等技術(shù)學(xué)校secondarytechnicalschool；technicalsecondaryschool中等教育secondaryeducation中上層人士middle—andupper-classpeople中小學(xué)女校長headmistress中小學(xué)校長headmaster中學(xué)校長(美)principal；(英)headmaster中專生secondaryspecializedortechnicalschoolstudent終身雇傭制lifelongemploymentsystem終身職務(wù)制lifelongtenure重點大學(xué)keyuniversity主副修制asystemofamajorfieldofspecializationplusaminorfield主修major助教teachingassistant助理研究員researchassistant助學(xué)行動activitytoassisttheimpoverishedstudents注冊會計師certifiedaccountant專門人才professionalpersonnel：specialtalents專業(yè)課specializedcourse專業(yè)人才外流outflowoftrainedpersonnel轉(zhuǎn)系toswitchmajor準博士ABD(AllButDissertation)準理學(xué)士A．S．(AssociateinSciencedegree)準文學(xué)士A．A．(AssociateinArtsdegree)自費留學(xué)togotostudyabroadatone’sownexpense自費生commoner自我推銷者self-promoter自愿退職voluntaryretirement綜合素質(zhì)comprehensivequality總經(jīng)理負責制generalmanagerresponsibilitysystem走讀生extern；daystudent；non-residentstudent組織能力organizationalcapability組織委員commissaryinchargeoforganization最低工資保障制度minimumwageguaranteesystem尊師重教toshowrespecttoteachersandattachgreatimportancetoeducation語法grammar句法syntax詞法morphology結(jié)構(gòu)structure層次rank句子sentence從句clause詞組phrase詞類partofspeech單詞word實詞notionalword虛詞structuralword名詞noun專有名詞propernoun普通名詞commonnoun可數(shù)名詞countablenoun不可數(shù)名詞uncountablenoun抽象名詞abstractnoun具體名詞concretenoun物質(zhì)名詞materialnoun集體名詞collectivenoun個體名詞individualnoun介詞preposition連詞conjunction動詞verb主動詞mainverb及物動詞transitiveverb不及物動詞intransitiveverb系動詞linkverb助動詞auxiliaryverb情態(tài)動詞modalverb規(guī)則動詞regularverb不規(guī)則動詞irregularverb短語動詞phrasalverb限定動詞finiteverb非限定動詞infiniteverb使役動詞causativeverb感官動詞verbofsenses動態(tài)動詞eventverb靜態(tài)動詞stateverb感嘆詞exclamation形容詞adjective副詞adverb方式副詞adverbofmanner程度副詞adverbofdegree時間副詞adverboftime地點副詞adverbofplace修飾性副詞adjunct連接性副詞conjunct疑問副詞interrogativeadverb關(guān)系副詞relativeadverb代詞pronoun人稱代詞personalpronoun物主代詞possessivepronoun反身代詞reflexivepronoun相互代詞reciprocalpronoun指示代詞demonstrativepronoun疑問代詞interrogativepronoun關(guān)系代詞relativepronoun不定代詞indefinitepronoun物主代詞possessivepronoun名詞性物主代詞nominalpossessivepronoun形容詞性物主代詞adjectivalpossessivepronoun冠詞article定冠詞definitearticle不定冠詞indefinitearticle數(shù)詞numeral基數(shù)詞cardinalnumeral序數(shù)詞ordinalnumeral分數(shù)詞fractionalnumeral形式form單數(shù)形式singularform復(fù)數(shù)形式pluralform限定動詞finiteverbform非限定動詞non-finiteverbform原形baseform從句clause從屬句subordinateclause并列句coordinateclause名詞從句nominalclause定語從句attributiveclause狀語從句adverbialclause賓語從句objectclause主語從句subjectclause同位語從句appositiveclause時間狀語從句adverbialclauseoftime地點狀語從句adverbialclauseofplace方式狀語從句adverbialclauseofmanner讓步狀語從句adverbialclauseofconcession原因狀語從句adverbialclauseofcause結(jié)果狀語從句adverbialclauseofresult目的狀語從句adverbialclauseofpurpose條件狀語從句adverbialclauseofcondition真實條件狀語從句adverbialclauseofrealcondition非真實條件狀語從句adverbialclauseofunrealcondition含蓄條件句adverbialclauseofimpliedcondition錯綜條件句adverbialclauseofmixedcondition句子sentence簡單句simplesentence并列句compoundsentence復(fù)合句complexsentence并列復(fù)合句compoundcomplexsentence陳述句declarativesentence疑問句interrogativesentence一般疑問句generalquestion特殊疑問句specialquestion選擇疑問句alternativequestion附加疑問句tagquestion反義疑問句disjunctivequestion修辭疑問句rhetoricalquestion感嘆疑問句exclamatoryquestion存在句existentialsentence肯定句positivesentence否定句negativesentence祈使句imperativesentence省略句ellipticalsentence感嘆句exclamatorysentence基本句型basicsentencepatern句子成分membersofsentences主語subject謂語predicate賓語object雙賓語dualobject直接賓語directobject間接賓語indirectobject復(fù)合賓語complexobject同源賓語cognateobject補語complement主補subjectcomplement賓補objectcomplement表語predicative定語attribute同位語appositive狀語adverbial句法關(guān)系syntacticrelationship并列coordinate從屬subordination修飾modification前置修飾pre-modification后置修飾post-modification限制restriction雙重限制double-restriction非限制non-restriction數(shù)number單數(shù)形式singularform復(fù)數(shù)形式pluralform規(guī)則