2021-2022年山東省濟寧市大學(xué)英語6級大學(xué)英語六級重點匯總（含答案）

2021-2022年山東省濟寧市大學(xué)英語6級大學(xué)英語六級重點匯總（含答案）學(xué)校:________班級:________姓名:________考號:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.

Naturalgastrappedinundergroundreservoirsisextractedby_______.

2.

Theauthorischanginghimselftotakefulladvantageof______.

3.

Basedonthescientist'sstudy,specificcolorsrepresentparticularemotions,forexample,blackequals______.

4.Whereisthepositionofthewheeldogsinateam?

A.Inthefrontoftheteam.

B.Behindtheleaddogs.

C.Infrontofthesled.

D.Atthesideofswingdogs.

5.Intuningsystem,theFederalCommunicationsCommissionhaddistributedpartsof______spectrumto12televisionchannelswhichwerebrokenintotwogroupstoavoidinterferencewithexistingservicesatthebeginning.

6.

Bluetoothnetworkingtransmitsdatavialow-powerradiowavesbetween402GHzand480GHz.

A.YB.NC.NG

7.

Calciumpermitscellstodivide,regulatesmusclecontractionandrelaxation,andplaysanimportantroleinthemovementofproteinandnutrientsinsidecellsbesideshelping______.

8.

ThemakesSanFranciscodifferentfromothercities.

9.

AccordingtothePlatinumrule,weshouldtreatourteammembersaswewouldhavethemtreatus.

A.YB.NC.NG

10.

Aregressionisa______movementalongalineofprint.

11.CuttingYourOwnCD

IfyourdreaminlifeistowalkintoarecordstoreandseeyourveryownCDontheshelf...getinline.Thishappensforonlyaveryluckyfew.ButrecentadvancesintechnologymakeitprettyeasyforyoutoachievethedreamofproducingandrecordingyourownCD.Withtherightequipmentandsoftware,ifyoucanmoveamouseorpressabuttonyoucanrecordyourownCD.

Ifyouhaveacomputer,allyoureallyhavetodoisbuysomesoftware.Ifyouwanttomakeasmallinvestment,therearedigitalrecordersonthemarketthatwilltakecareofeverythingforyourecording,mixing,masteringandburning,allinoneneatpackage(thoughyoudohavetoplayyourowninstruments).

Inthisarticle,you'llfindoutthebasicsofCDproduction,fromplanningtorecordingtounderstandingthetoolsofthetrade.TherewasatimewhenproducingyourownCDmeantseriouscash.Youhadtopayforstudiotime,studioengineers,studiomusicians(ifyou'reasoloartist)andduplicatingyourrecording.

Inthe1970s,whencassettetapesbecamecheap,availableandrecordable,peoplecoulddistributetheirownmusicandmakecheapcopiesofanything.Butthesoundqualityleftsomethingtobedesired.Now,eventhenovicemusiciancanproduceaCDwithahighsoundquality.

RecordingyourownCD,unlikeusingastudio,isnotinsanelyexpensive.Youcanrecordyourownhigh-qualitydigitalCDwithyourowninexpensiveequipmentoutofyourownhouse,garage,basement,attic...

Andforthetechnologicallyimpaired(弱的),there'smoregoodnews:Youdon'tneedanyspecialskillstorecordyourownCD.Recordingmachinesofthepastrequiredtheskillsofastudioengineer.Thingshavechanged.Withtheuseofcomputersanddigitalrecordingsystems,allthat'srequiredistheabilitytoreadandfollowinstructions.Anotherbenefitofdoingityourselfisthatyoucantotallycontrolyourownmusic.AndsinceitcostsnexttonothingtoburncopiesofyourCD,youcaneasilygivethemtofriendsandacquaintances--shamelessself-promotionisentirelyencouraged--andsellthematperformancesorontheInternetforaprofit.

Therearereallyonlyfourstepsinvolvedhere;recording,mixing,mastering,andburning.Youjustneedequipmentthatwillperform.thesefourtasks.Therearethreebasicwaysyoucangoaboutthis.Component-BasedHardwareSystem--thissysteminvolvesseparatepiecesofrecording,mixing,effectandCD-burninghardware,soyou'redealingwithanassortmentofequipment.

Computer-BasedRecordingSystem--almostanypowerfulcomputercanrunrecordingandCD--burningsoftware.Manyoftheseprogramswillletyoumixthemusicandcreateeffects.Thecostsherearelowerthanforacomponent-basedset-up.

StudioWorkstation--thistypeofequipmentprovidesalmosteverythingyouneedtocutyourownCDinoneportableunit.Gettingequipped,youcanbeginthefourstepsnow.

Recording.Whetherwe'retalkingvocals(聲樂作品),guitar,drums,whatever,arecordingdeviceeavestheindividualtracksandletsyouplaythemback.Dependingontherecorder,youmightbesavingthesoundonaharddisk.amemorycard,adigitaltapeoraCD.Soyou'llneedawaytocapturethesoundandrouteittotherecorder(thestudioworkstation,mixerorcomputeristherecorderbytheway).

Whenyourecordvocals,you'llcapturethesoundusingamicrophone.Themicrophonewillbeconnectedtoaninputjack(插孔)onyourcomputer,mixerorstudioworkstation.Thenoiseyoumakegetsintotherecordingequipmentthroughthisinputjack.

Whenyouwanttorecordelectricinstruments,theprocessisprettymuchthesame.Insteadofusingamicrophone,youjustplugyourelectricguitar,electricbass,drummachineorsynthesi

A.YB.NC.NG

12.

AccordingtoHerron,afterhavingthesurgery,therecoverytime______frompersontoperson.

13.IsCollegeReallyWorththeMoney?

TheRealWorld

EsteGriffithhaditallfiguredout.WhenshegraduatedfromtheUniversityofPittsburghinApril2001,shehadhersightssetononething:workingforalaborunion.

Therealworldhadotherideas.Griffithleftschoolwithnotonlyadegree,butaboatloadofdebt.Sheowed＄15,000instudentloansandhadrackedup＄4,000increditcarddebtforbooks,groceriesandotherexpenses.Nolaborunionjobcouldpayenoughtobailherout.

SoGriffithwenttoworkinsteadforaWashington,D.C.firmthatspecializesineconomicdevelopment.Problemsolved?Nope.Atage24,shetakeshomeabout＄1,800amonth,＄1,200ofwhichdisappearstopayherrent.Addanother＄180amonthtoretireherstudentloansand＄300amonthtowhittledownhercreditcardbalance."Youdothemath,"shesays.

Griffithhaspracticallynomoneytoliveon.Shebrown-hags(自帶午餐)herlunchandbikestowork.Aboveall,shefearsshe'llneverownahouseorbeabletoretire.It'snotthatsheregretsgettingherdegree."Battheydon'ttellyouthatthetrade-offisthenexttenyearsofyourincome,"shesays.

That'spreciselythedealbeingmadebymoreandmorecollegestudents.They'remortgagingtheirfuturestomeetsoaringtuitioncostsandothercollegeexpenses.LikeGriffith,they'refacingaone-twopunchatgraduation:hefty(沉重的)studentloansandsmotheringcreditcarddebt--nottomentionajobmarketthat,fornowanyway,isdismal.

"Weareforcingourchildrentomakeachoicebetweentwoevils,"saysElizabethWarren,aHarvardLawprofessorandexpertonbankruptcy."Skipcollegeandfacealifeofdiminishedopportunity,orgotocollegeandfacealifeshackled(束縛)bydebt."

TuitionHikes

Forsometime,collegeshaveinsistedtheirsteeptuitionhikesareneededtopayforcutting-edgetechnologies,facultyandadministrationsalaries,andrisinghealthcarecosts.Nowthere'sanewculprit(犯人):shrinkingstatesupport.Caughtinaseverebudgetcrunch,manystateshavesharplyscaledbacktheirfundingforhighereducation.

Someonehadtomakeupforthoselostdollars.Andyoucanguesswho--especiallyifyouliveinMassachusetts,whichlastyearhikeditstuitionandfeesby24percent,afterfundingdroppedby3percent,orinMissouri,whereappropriations(撥款)fellby10percent,buttuitionroseatdoublethatrate.Aboutone-thirdofthestates,infact,haveincreasedtuitionandfeesbymorethen10percent.

OneofthosestatesisCalifornia,andJanetBurrell'sfamilyisfeelingthepain.AbookkeeperinTorrance,BurrellhasadaughterattheUniversityofCaliforniaatDavis.Meanwhile,hersonsattendtwo-yearcollegesbecauseBurrellcan'taffordtohavealloftheminfour-yearschoolsatonce.

Meanwhile,evenwithtuitionhikes,California'scommunitycollegesaresostrappedforcashtheydroppedthousandsofclasseslastspring.Theresult:54,000fewerstudents.

CollapsingInvestments

Manyfamiliesthoughttheyhadasurefireplan:eveniftuitionkeptskyrocketing,theyhadinvestedenoughmoneyalongthewaytomeetthecosts.ThenafannythinghappenedonthewaytoWallStreet.Thoseinvestmentscollapsedwiththestockmarket.Amongtheloserslastyear:thewildlypopular"529"plans--federaltax-exemptcollegesavingsplansofferedbyindividualstates,whichhaveattractedbillionsfromfamiliesaroundthecountry."Wehearfrommanyparentsthatwhattheyhadsetasidedeclinedinvaluesomuchthattheynowdon'thaveenoughtoseetheirstudentsthrough,"saysPennStatefinancialaiddirectorAnnaGriswold,whowitnesseda10percentincreaseinloanapplicationslastyear.Even.withamarketthatmaybeslowlyrecovering,itwilltaketime,perhaps

A.YB.NC.NG

14.Accordingtoahoaxannouncement,theTacoBellCorporationboughttheLibertyBellandmovedittoIrvinetohelp______.

15.

Amoreprecisetermforacidrainis______,whichhastwoparts:wetanddry.

16.Socialnetworkinghasitsenormousutilityandenablesfriendstointeractviameanssuchasgames,greetingsand______.

17.

TheexperienceoftheforeignteacherinChengduremindsusofaChinesesaying"afallintothepit,againinyourwit".

A.YB.NC.NG

18.It'sadvisedtoextendyourprofessionalintereststofieldsthatcomplementandleveragethework

19.

IfacityhasearnedtheCDC's"greenstatus",itmeansthatitslocalhealthteamscan______ontheirown.

20.

Inthecaseofnegotiatingdivorce,anegotiatorisaskedtoconform.totheprincipleof______.

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.

【B7】

22.

【B11】

23.(19)

A.Theyhavetofinishitquickly.

B.Theyhavetousewhattheyhave.

C.Theyhavetoworkhardanddotheirbest.

D.Theymustredotheprojectandhopeitimproves.

24.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

Theplaceofthechildinsocietyhasvariedforthousandsofyearsandhasbeenaffectedbydifferentculturesandreligions.Inancienttimesunwantedchildrenwereoccasionally【B1】______,puttodeath,exploited,orofferedforreligioussacrifices,andinanyeventalargepercentageofthemdidn't【B2】______theirphysicallyhazardousexistencetoachievematurity.

InWesterncivilizationwithinthelastfewhundredyears,therehavebeenmanychangesinattitudetowardtheyoung.InagriculturalEuropethechildrenofthepoorworkedlonghoursforlittleornopay,andtherewasnopublicconcernfortheirsafetyorwelfare.Punishmentcouldbebrutalandsevere,andsometimesreligious【B3】______wereexpressedviolentlywithaviewtowardsavingthechild'ssoul.

Bytheeighteenthcenturytheharshand【B4】______methodsbegantoshowsomechanges.Societyslowly【B5】______childrenaroleofmoreimportance.Bookswerewrittenexpresslyforthemand【B6】______lawswerepassedfortheirprotection.

Inthepastfew【B7】______parentshavebecomemoreattentivetotheneedsoftheirchildren.Betterhealthcareisavailableandeducationisnolonger【B8】______foralimitedfew.【B9】______.Some'saythependuluminchildrearinghasswungsofartowardpermissivenessthat【B10】______Thetendencytodayisforteachersandparentstoemphasizeindividualresponsibilityandtostressthat【B11】______.

【B1】

25.

【B8】

26.(13)

A.Findahotelnearbyagaininafewdays.

B.Accommodatehisparentsinhisdormitory.

C.Askhisparentsnotcomeuntilhefindsaproperhotel.

D.Phoneahotelfartherfromthecampusforareservation.

27.聽力原文：M:Doesthebosscheckuponyouoften?

W:Indeedshedoes.Itseemsasthoughshe'sinherethreeorfourtimesanhour,althoughit'snotreallythatoften.

Q:Whatdoesthebossdo?

(19)

A.Shesendsheremployeesforfrequentmedicalcheck.

B.Sheleavestheofficeby3:O0or4:O0pm.

C.Sheinspectsheremployee'sworkseveraltimesaday.

D.Shepaysheremployeesbycheck.

28.

【B10】

29.聽力原文：W:Youmusthaveenjoyedusingyournewcameraonyourtrip.

M:Iwouldhave,butafterbuyinganewcameraespeciallyforthattrip,Ileftitinthecarwithmyfriendwhodrovemetotheairport.

Q:Whatdidthemansayabouthiscamera?

(16)

A.Heenjoyedusinghisnewcamera.

B.Helefthiscameraattheairport.

C.Helefthiscamerainhisfriend'scar.

D.Helosthiscameraonhistrip.

30.【B2】

31.(17)

A.Theassignmentlooksquiteeasy.

B.Heisalsoworriedabouttheassignment.

C.Hehasalreadyfinishedtheassignment.

D.Hecan'thelpthewomanwiththeassignment.

32.

【B2】

33.

【B3】

34.聽力原文：W:IfIwereyou,Iwouldliketogobyairinsteadofbybus.

M:Butflyingmakesmesonervous.

Q:Whatdoesthemanprefer?

(19)

A.He'dprefertakingabus.

B.He'dprefertakingaplane.

C.He'dprefertravelingwiththewoman.

D.He'dpreferstayingathomebecausehedoesn'tliketraveling.

35.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

聽力原文：FlexibleworkinghourswereinventedinGermanyinthelate1960s,butreachedBritainin1972.Thesystemallowsworkerstostartandfinishworkwhenevertheywant,withonlytworequirements.Theseare:firstly,thatallworkersmustbepresentforcertain"key"timesintheday,andsecondly,thatallworkersmustworktheagreedtotalnumberofhoursperweek.

Thesystemhasprovedanalmosttotalsuccesswhereverithasbeentried.Asurveyof700workersonflexiblehoursshowedthreemainadvantages:abetterbalancebetweenworkingandprivatelife,avoidanceoftheneedtotravelduringrushhoursandtheabilitytobeabletofinishacertaintaskbeforeleaving.

Fromtheemployer'spointofview,thesystemtendstoincreaseproductivity,reducelaborturnoverfirst."Flexibletime"wasmainlyconfinedtowhite-collarworkers,butitisnowbeingappliedtomanualworkerstoo.

(27)

A.British.B.Americans.C.Germans.D.Japanese.

36.聽力原文：M:I'dliketomakeanappointmentwiththedoctorfortomorrow.

W:Unfortunatelyheiscompletelybooked.

Whatdoesthewomanmean?

(15)

A.Thedoctorhasstoppedseeingnewpatients.

B.Thedoctor'sofficewillbeclosedtomorrow.

C.Thedoctor'sscheduleisfilledtomorrow.

D.Thedoctorcanseethemantomorrow.

37.

【B5】

38.(22)

A.Expensive.

B.Muchlower.

C.Everyonecouldachievescholarship.

D.Students'parentsdon'thavetoberich.

39.(35)

A.Theimportanceofsilentreading.

B.Theinformationyieldedbybooksandnewspapers.

C.Theeffectsofhealthyreading.

D.Thevalueofdifferenttypesofreadingmaterials.

40.聽力原文：W:Thisevening,theguestspeakerwithusisDr.Bush.(22)He'sgoingtotalkaboutcopyrightingworksofart.

M:Well,acopyrightisaproofofauthorship.(22)Itprotectsartistsagainstsomeoneelseusingtheirworkwithouttheirpermission.

W:So,allartists'workswillbeprotectedbycopyrightlaw?

M:It'simportanttorememberthatUnitedStatesCopyrightLawprotectsartisticexpressionssuchaspaintings,(23)butdoesnotprotectanyideas,concepts,proceduresortechniques.

W:Howcanartistsobtaincopyrightprotection?

M:Thelawhaschangedin1978andagainin1989.(24)Forartiststhecurrentlawmeanseverythingtheycreateisautomaticallyandimmediatelycopyrighted.Theydon'thavetofileanydocumentsandundertheprotectionoftheCopyrightLaw,anyrecreationsoftheiroriginalworksuchasprintsarealsocoveredbytheartist'scopyright.

Furthermore,anychangesartistsmadetotheiroriginalworksarecovered.TheLawalsomakesitdearthatwhensomeonebuystheworkofart,theyarenotallowedtodestroyorchangethatworkofart.

W:Whatiftheworkwassoldtoanewowner?

M:(25)Artistskeepthecopyrightevenaftersellingtheworkofart.Thepurchasermaybuythephysicalwork,buttherighttomakeprintsorcopiesisstilltheartists'andthebuyerdoesnotautomaticallyhaveanyrighttomakeandsellprintsorcopiesofwork.

W:Doyouhaveanysuggestionstoourartistsinthisarea?

M:Althoughworksareautomaticallycopyrighted,artistsareencouragedtoregistertheirworkwithUnitedStatesCopyrightOffice.Registeringartprovidesadditionallegalprotectionandalsogivesthepeoplearoundtheworldtheabilitytoapproachthehonorsaboutlicensingandpurchasingright.

(23)

A.Protectingbuyersofpaintings.

B.Whycopiesoffamouspaintingsaremade.

C.HowpaintingsaresoldintheUnitedStates.

D.Protectingartistsfromillegaluseoftheirwork.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

ScientistssaytherehasbeenaseveredecreaseintheamountofwaterinLakeChadinnorthernAfricainthelastthirtyyears.Theyreportthatnatureandhumansshare,equalblameforthisloss.

In1963thefreshwaterlakecoveredtwenty-five-thousand-squarekilometers.Nowthelakeisonlyaboutfivepercentofthatsize.Itmeasuresonlyaboutone-thousand-three-hundredsquarekilometersinthedryseason.

FournationssurroundLakeChad.PeopleinNiger,Nigeria,Chad,andCameroonuseitforwater,fishandplantlife.

MichaelCoeandJonathanFoleyarewaterexpertsattheUniversityofWisconsininMadison.TheyreportedaboutLakeChadintheJournalofGeophysicalResearch.Theysaytheareahassufferedfromalackofheavyrainformorethanthirtyyears.Thishasforcedpeopletobuildsystemstocarrywatertodryland.Theseirrigationsystemsfurtherdecreasethelake.

MisterCoesaysLakeChadwillbeonlyasmallbodyofwaterinthefuture.Hesayspeoplestillcangetwaterfromthelaketodrinkandforcrops.Buthesaysthelakewillnolongerprovideahealthyenvironmentforfishandplantlife.

Theresearchersusedacomputertostudywhatcausedthewaterloss.Theircomputerstudyestimatedtheclimateandamountofwaterinthearea.Theestimatestartedwiththeearly1960s.Thentheresearcherscomparedtheestimateswiththearea'srecordedclimateandwatersupplyforthesameperiod.

Thecomputerstudyshowedresultssimilartotherecordedonesforthefirsttwentyyears.Buttherewasabigchangeinthe1980s.Atthattime,thelakegotsmallermuchfasterthanthecomputerresearchhadestimated.

Theresearcherssaymajorirrigationsystemswerebuiltinthe1980s.ThesystemstookwaterfromtworiversthatflowintoLakeChad.TheChaffandLogoneriverscarrymostofthewaterthatentersthelake.Thestudyshowedtheincreasedirrigationreducedtheflowinthetworivers.Climatechangesalsowereresponsibleforthereduction.Todaytheflowofthetworivershasbeenreducedbyalmostseventyfivepercent.

Scientistssaytheproblemisexpectedtoworseninthecomingyearsasthepopulationanddemandforwatercontinuetoincrease.

Whatisthispassagemainlyabout?

A.DemonstratingtheseriousweatherconditionaroundLakeChad.

B.Introducingpeople'sactivityaroundLakeChad.

C.AnalyzingofthefactorsthatcausewaterdecreasesinLakeChad.

D.Introducingscientists'workaboutwaterconditioninLakeChad.

42.

ProfessorJamesWestphal'sstudysuggeststhat______.

A.boardroomreformshavefailedtoachievethedesiredresult

B.outsideboarddirectorstendtobemoreindependent

C.withaboardroomfullofoutsiders,seniormanagersworkmoreconscientiously

D.cooperationbetweenseniormanagersandboarddirectorssufferedfromthereforms

43.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

Notsolongago,predictionmarkets(市場預(yù)測)werebeingconsideredasafantasticnewwaytoforecasteverythingfromthecompletiondateofavitalprojecttoafirm'sannualsales.Butalthoughtheyhavespreadbeyondearly-adoptingcompaniesinthetechnologyindustry,theyhavestillnotbecomemainstreammanagementtools.Evencrazyadvocatesadmitmuchremainstobedonetoconvincedoubtfulmanagersoftheirvalue."It'sstillaprettyblessingbusiness,"saysLeslieFineofCrowdCast,oneofthefirmsthatprovidetradingplatformsforcompanieskeentopoolthecollectivewisdomoftheiremployees.

Predictionmarketsworkbygivingpeoplevirtualtradingaccountsthatallowthemtobuyandsell"shares"thatcorrespondtoaparticularoutcome.Sharesinanoutcomethatisconsideredmorelikelytooccurthentradeatahigherpricethanthosethatrepresentalesslikelyoutcome.Thisprovidesawaytoapproachthetacit(默許的)knowledgethatexistsincompanies,especiallyonesthathavemanydifferentdivisionsoroffices.

KochIndustries,anAmericancompanyinarangeofbusinessesincludingchemicals,fertilizersandcommoditytrading,hasbeenrunningpredictionmarketsforthepastninemonthsinvolvingabout200ofitsstafffromdifferentareas.Thegroup,whichhasrevenuesofsome$100billion,haslaunchedcontractson,amongotherthings,thefuturepricesofrawmaterialsusedinitschemicalsdivisionandthelikelihoodofbanknationalizations.Kochsaystheresultssofarhavebeenprettyaccuratecomparedtoactualoutcomes,butstressesthatmarketsarecomplementarytootherforecastingtechniques,notasubstituteforthem.

Abigobstaclefacingmanagersusingpredictionmarketsisgettingenoughpeopletokeeptradingafterthenoveltyhaswornoff.Manyfirmsusegaming-style.leaderboardstoencourageinternalcompetition,oroffermodestprizestothemostsuccessfultraders.LloydsTSB,abank,launchedamarketinwhichparticipantsidentifythebestnewideasbytradinginacurrencycalledBankBeanz,whichcanthenbeexchangedforcash--aschemethebank'sheadofinnovationcalls"anexceptionalmotivator".

Anotherreasonpredictionmarketsfailedisthatemployeescannotseehowtheresultsareused,sotheyloseinterest.WellsFargo,abigbankthathasbeenrunninginternalmarketsforoverayeartoidentifywaystoimproveservicetosomecorporatecustomers,saysitsmosteffectiveteststookplaceinareaswheremanagerscoulddosomethingwiththeirfindings,makingstafffeelthattradingwasworthwhile.

Bossesmayalsobewaryofrelyingonthejudgmentsofnon-experts.Yetmanypilotprojectsrunsofarhaveshownthatjuniorstaffcanoftenbesurprisinglygoodforecasters.Perhapsthebestwaytofindoutwhenpredictionmarketswillfinallytakeoffistoaskyouremployees--usingapredictionmarket.

Whatdoestheauthortellusaboutthepredictionmarketinthepassage?

A.Itnowhasbecomeamajormanagementwayformostcompanies.

B.Theadvocatesaretoooptimisticaboutpredictionmarket.

C.Itisawaytoknowfirms'owncovertknowledge.

D.Itworksbygivingtradersanactualtradingaccounts.

44.Ingeneral,oursocietyisbecomingoneofgiantenterprisesdirectedbyabureaucratic(官撩主義的)managementinwhichmanbecomesasmall,welloiledcoginthemachinery.Theoilingisdonewithhigherwages,wellventilatedfactoriesandpipedmusic,andbypsychologistsand"human-relations"experts;yetallthisoilingdoesnotalterthefactthatmanhasbecomepowerless,thathedoesnotwholeheartedlyparticipateinhisworkandthatheisboredwithit.Infact,theblueandthewhitecollarworkershavebecomeeconomicpuppetswhodancetothetuneofautomatedmachinesandbureaucraticmanagement.

Theworkerandemployeeareanxious,notonlybecausetheymightfindthemselvesoutofajob;theyareanxiousalsobecausetheyareunabletoacquireanyrealsatisfactionorinterestinlife.Theyliveanddiewithouteverhavingconfrontedthefundamentalrealitiesofhumanexistenceasemotionallyandintellectuallyindependentandproductivehumanbeings.

Thosehigheruponthesocialladderarenolessanxious.Theirlivesarenolessemptythanthoseoftheirsubordinates.Theyareevenmoreinsecureinsomerespects.Theyareinahighlycompetitiverace.Tobepromotedortofallbehindisnotamatterofsalarybutevenmoreamatterofselfrespect.Whentheyapplyfortheirfirstjob,theyaretestedforintelligenceaswellasforthetightmixtureofsubmissiveness(屈服)andindependence.Fromthatmomentontheyaretestedagainandagain—bythepsychologists,forwhomtestingisabigbusiness,andbytheirsuperiors,whojudgetheirbehavior,sociability,capacitytogetalong,etc.Thisconstantneedtoprovethatoneisasgoodasorbetterthanone'sfellow-competitorcreatesconstantanxietyandstress,theverycausesofunhappinessandillness.

AmIsuggestingthatweshouldreturntothepreindustrialmodeofproductionortonineteenth-century"freeenterprise"capitalism?Certainlynot.Problemsareneversolvedbyreturningtoastagewhichonehasalreadyoutgrown.Isuggesttransformingoursocialsystemfromabureaucraticallymanagedindustrialisminwhichmaximalproductionandconsumptionareendsinthemselvesintoahumanistindustrialisminwhichmanandfulldevelopmentofhispotentialities—thoseofloveandofreason—aretheaimsofallsocialarrangements.Productionandconsumptionshouldserveonlyasmeanstothisend,andshouldbepreventedfromrulingman.

By"awell-oiledcoginthemachinery"theauthorintendstorendertheideathatmanis______.

A.anecessarypartofthesociety

B.ahumblecomponentofthesociety

C.anunimportantpartincomparisonwiththerestofthesociety,thoughfunctioningsmoothly

D.workingincompleteharmonywiththerestofthesociety

45.Ifinditwholesometobealonethegreaterpartofthetime;tobeincompany,evenwiththebest,issoonwearisomeanddissipating,andIneverfounda