必修一Unit5NelsonMandela-aModernHero讀寫天地

讀寫天地Unit5NelsonMandela—amodernhero話題導(dǎo)入每名學(xué)生都有自己心目中崇拜的英雄,那你知道什么是英雄？真正的英雄就應(yīng)該是一個(gè)能夠戰(zhàn)勝自己的人,不論在順境還是逆境,都能夠自強(qiáng)不息。他們?yōu)榱巳祟惖那巴竞兔\(yùn),放棄自己的得與失,他們以自己的人格魅力和行為激勵(lì)著人們?yōu)榱死硐牒湍繕?biāo)奮斗終生。背景知識(shí)1.甘地（Gandhi）:也稱作“圣雄甘地”,是印度民族主義運(yùn)動(dòng)和國(guó)大黨領(lǐng)袖。他既是印度的國(guó)父,也是印度最偉大的政治領(lǐng)袖。他帶領(lǐng)國(guó)家邁向獨(dú)立,脫離英國(guó)的殖民統(tǒng)治。他的“非暴力”的哲學(xué)思想,也就是他說的“satyagraha”,影響了全世界的民族主義者和那些爭(zhēng)取和平變革的國(guó)際運(yùn)動(dòng)。愛因斯坦這樣評(píng)論甘地:“或許,后人會(huì)很難相信,像甘地這樣的人竟曾經(jīng)在地球上存在過。”2.尼爾遜·曼德拉（NelsonMandela）:南非總統(tǒng)、反種族主義革命斗士、黑人領(lǐng)袖。曼德拉是黑人酋長(zhǎng)的兒子,從小目睹了白人種族主義制度的殘暴。從青年時(shí)代起,他就投身于反對(duì)種族主義壓迫的斗爭(zhēng),并成長(zhǎng)為斗爭(zhēng)的領(lǐng)袖。在經(jīng)歷了無數(shù)次危險(xiǎn)、磨難和27年漫長(zhǎng)的監(jiān)獄生涯以后,終于領(lǐng)導(dǎo)南非人民推翻了黑暗的種族主義統(tǒng)治,建立了民主、平等的新南非,實(shí)現(xiàn)了種族和解。引入型閱讀NelsonRolihlahlaMandelawasbornonJuly19,1918,nearUmtata,folkheroforSouthAfricanblacks,NelsonMandelaledthearmedstruggleagainsttheirhomeland’ssegregationist(隔離主義者)policies.Disappointedbythefailureofnonviolent(非暴力)resistance(抵抗),hewasanoutlaw(叛逆者)for18monthsoftenwearingdisguises(偽裝)tooutwit(以智取生)theauthorities(當(dāng)局).Finallyhebecameaworldwidesymbolofvictoryagainstapartheid(種族隔離)whenhewasfreedfromalifesentenceinprison.Toseekapoliticalcareer,herefusedtosucceed(繼承)hisfatheraschiefoftheTembutribe.Hestudiedlaw.In1944hejoinedtheAfricanNationalCongress(ANC)andhelpedfounditsinfluential(具有影響力的)YouthLeague.HisfirstprisonsentencewasfortheANC’s1952DefianceAgainstUnjustLawsCampaign.Afterthe1960massacre(屠殺)ofthousandsofunarmedpass-lawprotesters,Mandelabecameafugitive(逃亡者).Securitypolicecaughthimin1964hewasconvicted(定罪)ofactsofsabotage(破壞行為)whileleadinganundergroundwingofthebanned(禁止的)ANC.Ashislegendgrew,acampaignforhisfreedomintensified(加強(qiáng))inthewassetfreeonFebruary11,sharedthe1993NobelPeacePrizewithSouthAfrica’spresident,.QUESTIONS:refusedtosucceedhisfatheraschiefoftheTembutribebecause_______.didn’tliketriblelifelikedfreedomwasinterestedinpoliticallifewouldn’tbesuitabletobechiefthispassage,wecanconcludethat_______.wassentencedatleasttwicewasthepresidentofSouthAfricaduringthe1960sKlerkwasaclosestfriendofMandelamanagedtogetoutofprison答案:寫作：人類創(chuàng)造了很多偉大的發(fā)明?，F(xiàn)請(qǐng)你寫一篇文章投稿至?？⑽陌娴?偉人與發(fā)明"欄目,向同學(xué)們介紹一項(xiàng)發(fā)明。詞數(shù):120左右。

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________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________參考答案：EdisonandtheLightBulbTheelectriclightbulb,inventedbyThomasEdison,isoneofthegreatesthumaninventions.Edisonwasborninamiddle-classfamilyin1847.Asachild,hewasveryinterestedinscience,andhealwayswantedtoknowhowthingsworked.Asanadultheinventedmanythings,butisbestknownfortheelectriclightbulb.Asweallknow,thelightbulbgreatlychangedourlives,helpingusdomanythingswecouldn’tdobefore.Withit,peoplecouldread,cook,anddotheirhomeworkevenafterdark.Thisinventionhasinfluencedpeople